Pentoxifylline effects on nerve conduction velocity and blood flow in diabetic rats

Experimental Diabesity Research

Volumn 1, Issue 1, 2000, Pages 49-58

  Flint, Heather ^a   Cotter, Mary A ^a   Cameron, Norman E ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ABERDEEN   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Blood flow; Diabetes; Ischemia; Nerve conduction; Neuropathy; Phosphodiesterase inhibitor; Rat; Vasodilation

Indexed keywords

FLURBIPROFEN; N(G) NITROARGININE; NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE; PENTOXIFYLLINE; PROSTAGLANDIN SYNTHASE INHIBITOR;

ANIMAL; ARTICLE; BLOOD FLOW; DRUG ANTAGONISM; DRUG EFFECT; EXPERIMENTAL DIABETES MELLITUS; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; MALE; METABOLISM; NERVE CONDUCTION; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PERIPHERAL NERVE; PHYSIOLOGY; RAT; SCIATIC NERVE; SPRAGUE DAWLEY RAT; VASCULARIZATION; WEIGHT REDUCTION;

ANIMALS; BLOOD GLUCOSE; CYCLOOXYGENASE INHIBITORS; DIABETES MELLITUS, EXPERIMENTAL; FLURBIPROFEN; MALE; NEURAL CONDUCTION; NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE; NITROARGININE; PENTOXIFYLLINE; PERIPHERAL NERVES; RATS; RATS, SPRAGUE-DAWLEY; REGIONAL BLOOD FLOW; SCIATIC NERVE; WEIGHT LOSS;

EID: 0034570446     PISSN: 15438600     EISSN: 16875303     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1155/EDR.2000.49     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Adams, J. G. Jr., Dhar, A., Shukla, S. D. and Silver, D. (1995) Effect of pentoxifylline on tissue injury and platelet-activating factor production during ischemia-reperfusion injury. J. Vasc. Surg., 21, 742-748.
2. Ambrus, J. L., Stadler, S. and Kulaylat, M. (1995) Hemorrheologic effects of metabolites of pentoxifylline (Trental). J. Med., 26, 65-75.
3. Archibald, V., Cotter, M. A., Keegan, A. and Cameron, N. E. (1996) Contraction and relaxation of aortas from diabetic rats; effects of chronic anti-oxidant and aminoguanidine treatments. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol., 353, 584-591.
4. Beckman, J. S., Beckman, T. W., Chen, J., Marshall, P. A. and Freeman, B. A. (1990) Apparent hydroxyl radical production by peroxynitrite: implications for endothelial injury from nitric oxide and superoxide. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 87, 1620-1624.
5. Bernard, C., Barnier, P., Merval, R., Esposito, B. and Tedgui, A. (1995) Pentoxifylline selectivity inhibits tumor necrosis factor synthesis in the arterial wall. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol., 25(suppl. 2), S30-S33.
6. Bierhaus, A., Chevion, S., Chevion, M., Hofmann, M., Quehenberger, P., Illmer, T., Luther, Y., Berentshtein, E., Tritschler, H., Müller, M., Wahl, P., Ziegler, R. and Nawroth, P. P. (1997) Advanced glycation end product-induced activation of NF-κB is suppressed by α-lipoic acid in cultured endothelial cells. Diabetes, 46, 1481-1490.
7. Cameron, N. E. and Cotter, M. A. (1994a) The relationship of vascular changes to metabolic factors in diabetes mellitus and their role in the development of peripheral nerve complications. Diabetes Metab. Rev., 10, 189-224.
8. Cameron, N. E. and Cotter, M. A. (1994b) Effects of evening primrose oil treatment on sciatic nerve blood flow and endoneurial oxygen tension in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Acta Diabetologica, 31, 220-225.
9. Cameron, N. E. and Cotter, M. A. (1995a) Neurovascular deficits in diabetic rats: potential contribution of autoxidation and free radicals examined using transition metal chelating agents. J. Clin. Invest., 96, 1159-1163.
10. Cameron, N. E. and Cotter, M. A. (1995b) Reversal of peripheral nerve conduction and perfusion deficits by the free radical scavenger, BM15.0639, in diabetic rats. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol., 352, 685-690.
11. A antagonist on neurovascular function in diabetic rats: Interaction with the renin-angiotensin system. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 278, 1262-1268.
12. Cameron, N. E. and Cotter, M. A. (1996b) Rapid reversal by aminoguanidine of the neurovascular effects of diabetes in rats: modulation by nitric oxide synthase inhibition. Metabolism, 45, 1147-1152.
13. Cameron, N. E. and Cotter, M. A. (1999) The role of linolenic acid in diabetic polyneuropathy. In: Dyck, P. J. and Thomas, P. K. (Eds.) Diabetic Neuropathy, 2nd edn., (Philadelphia: Saunders), pp. 359-367.
14. Cameron, N. E., Cotter, M. A. and Robertson, S. (1989) The effect of aldose reductase inhibition on the pattern of nerve conduction deficits in diabetic rats. Q. J. Exp. Physiol., 74, 917-926.
15. Cameron, N. E., Cotter, M. A. and Low, P. A. (1991) Nerve blood flow in early experimental diabetes in rats: relation to conduction deficits. Am. J. Physiol., 261, E1-E8.
16. Cameron, N. E., Cotter, M. A., Dines, K. C. and Maxfield, E. K. (1993) Pharmacological manipulation of vascular endothelium in non-diabetic and streptozotocin-diabetic rats: effects on nerve conduction, hypoxic resistance and endoneurial capillarization. Diabetologia, 36, 516-522.
17. Cameron, N. E., Cotter, M. A., Archibald, V., Dines, K. C. and Maxfield, E. K. (1994a) Anti-oxidant and pro-oxidant effects on nerve conduction velocity, endoneurial blood flow and oxygen tension in non-diabetic and streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Diabetologia, 37, 449-459.
18. Cameron, N. E., Cotter, M. A., Dines, K. C., Maxfield, E. K., Carey, F. and Mirrlees, D. (1994b) Aldose reductase inhibition, nerve perfusion, oxygenation and function in streptozotocin-diabetic rats: dose-response considerations and independence from a myoinositol mechanism. Diabetologia, 37, 651-663.
19. Cameron, N. E., Dines, K. C. and Cotter, M. A. (1994c) The potential contribution of endothelin-1 to neurovascular abnormalities in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Diabetologia, 37, 1209-1215.
20. Cameron, N. E., Cotter, M. A. and Hohman, T. C. (1996) Interactions between essential fatty acid, prostanoid, polyol pathway and nitric oxide mechanisms in the neurovascular deficit of diabetic rats. Diabetologia, 39, 172-182.
21. +-ATPase activity and glutathione content in diabetic rats. Diabetologia, 42, 1120-1130.
22. Ceriello, A. (1993) Coagulation activation in diabetes mellitus: the role of hyperglycaemia and therapeutic prospects. Diabetologia, 36, 1119-1125.
23. Collins, T. (1993) Endothelial nuclear factor-κB and the initiation of the atherosclerotic lesion. Lab. Invest., 68, 499-508.
24. Cotter, M. A., Flint, H. and Cameron, N. E. (1997) Cyclooxygenase- dependent effect of pentoxifylline on neurovascular function in diabetic rats. Diabetologia, 40 (suppl. 1), A549.
25. Cotter, M. A., Dines, K. C. and Cameron, N. E. (1993) Prevention and reversal of motor and sensory peripheralnerve conduction abnormalities in streptoztocin-diabetic rats by the prostacyclin analogue iloprost. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol., 347, 534-540.
26. 2 clearance curves used to measure blood flow in rat sciatic nerve. J. Physiol., 414, 35-54.
27. Deisher, T. A., Sato, T. T., Pohlman, T. H. and Harlan, J. M. (1993) A protein kinase C agonist, selective for the beta I isozyme, induces E-selectin and VCAM-1 expression on HUVEC but does not translocate PKC Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 193, 1283-1290.
28. 2 inhibition. Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids, 55, 159-165.
29. Freitas, J. P. and Filipe, P. M. (1995) Pentoxifylline. A hydroxyl radical scavenger. Biol. Trace Element Res., 47, 307-311.
30. Hansen, P. R. (1994) In vitro studies on responses to pentoxifylline and aminophylline of rat mesenteric resistance vessels. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 261, 105-110.
31. Hotta, N., Koh, N., Sakakibara, F., Nakamura, J., Kakuta, H., Fukasawa, H. and Sakamoto, N. (1996) Effects of beraprost sodium and insulin on the electroretinogram, nerve conduction and nerve blood flow in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Diabetes, 45, 361-366.
32. Kaputlu, I. and Sadan, G. (1994) Pentoxifylline-induced vasodilatation is not endothelium-dependent in rabbit aorta. J. Basic Clin. Physiol. Pharmacol., 5, 295-304.
33. Kihara, M. and Low, P. A. (1995) Impaired vasoreactivity to nitric oxide in experimental diabetic neuropathy. Exp. Neurol., 132, 180-185.
34. Kihara, M., Schmelzer, J. D. and Low, P. A. (1995) Effect of cilostazol on experimental diabetic neuropathy in the rat. Diabetologia, 38, 914-918.
35. Law, S. C. and King, R. G. (1990) Effects of ponalrestat on depressor responses to arachidonic acid in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Gen. Pharmacol., 21, 135-139.
36. Limb, G. A., Chignell, A. H., Green, W., LeRoy, F. and Dumonde, D. C. (1996) Distribution of TNF alpha and its reactive vascular adhesion molecules in fibrovascular membranes of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Br. J. Ophthalmol., 80, 168-173.
37. Love, A., Cameron, N. E. and Cotter, M. A. (1996a) Effects of the sulphydryl donor, N-acetyl-L-cysteine on nerve conduction, perfusion, maturation and regeneration following damage in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Eur. J. Clin. Invest., 26, 698-706.
38. Love, A., Cotter, M. A. and Cameron, N. E. (1996b) Nerve function and regeneration in diabetic and galactosaemic rats: antioxidant and metal chelator effects. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 314, 33-39.
39. Mandell, G. L. (1995) Cytokines, phagocytes, and pentoxifylline. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol., 25(suppl. 2), S20-S22.
40. 1 receptor antagonist. Am. J. Physiol., 269, E530-E537.
41. Maxfield, E. K., Cameron, N. E. and Cotter, M. A. (1997) Effect of diabetes on reactivity of sciatic vasa nervorum in rats. J. Diabet. Complications, 11, 47-55.
42. Nagamatsu, M., Nickander, K. K., Schmelzer, J. D., Raya, A., Wittrock, A., Tritschler, H. and Low, P. A. (1995) Lipoic acid improves nerve blood flow, reduces oxidative stress and improves distal nerve conduction in experimental diabetic neuropathy. Diabetes Care, 18, 1160-1167.
43. Nickander, K. K., Schmelzer, J. D., Rohwer, D. A. and Low, P. A. (1994) Effects of α-tocopherol deficiency on indices of oxidative stress in normal and diabetic peripheral nerve. J. Neurol. Sci., 126, 6-14.
44. Pieper, G. M., Langenstroer, P. and Gross, G. J. (1993) Hydroxyl radicals mediate injury to endothelium-dependent relaxation in diabetic rat. Molec. Cell Biochem., 122, 139-145.
45. Rubanyi, G. M. and Polokoff, M. A. (1994) Endothelins: molecular biology, biochemistry, pharmacology, physiology and pathophysiology. Pharmacol. Rev., 46, 325-415.
46. Sagara, M., Satoh, J., Wada, R., Yagihashi, S., Takahashi, K., Fukuzawa, M., Muto, G., Muto, Y. and Toyota, T. (1996) Inhibition of development of peripheral neuropathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats with N-acetylcysteine. Diabetologia, 39, 263-269.
47. Sima, A. A. F. and Sugimoto, K. (1999) Experimental diabetic neuropathy: an update. Diabetologia, 42, 773-788.
48. Simpson, L. O. (1988) Altered blood rheology in the pathogenesis of diabetic and other neuropathies. Muscle Nerve, 11, 725-744.
49. +)-ATPase in the slowing of nerve conduction in the streptozotocin diabetic rat. J. Clin. Invest., 94, 853-859.
50. Tesfaye, S., Malik, R. and Ward, J. D. (1994) Vascular factors in diabetic neuropathy. Diabetologia, 37, 847-854.
51. Tozawa, K., Sakurada, S., Kohri, K. and Okamoto, T. (1995) Effects of anti-nuclear factor kappa B reagents in blocking adhesion of human cancer cells to vascular endothelial cells. Cancer Res., 55, 4162-4167.
52. Tuck, R. R., Schmelzer, J. D. and Low, P. A. (1984) Endoneurial blood flow and oxygen tension in the sciatic nerves of rats with experimental diabetic neuropathy. Brain, 107, 935-950.
53. 2) synthesis by aortic rings from rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids, 44, 233-236.
54. Ward, A. and Clissold, S. P. (1987) Pentoxifylline. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties and its therapeutic efficacy. Drugs, 34, 50-97.
55. Ward, K. K., Low, P. A., Schmelzer, J. D. and Zochodne, D. W. (1989) Prostacyclin and noradrenaline in peripheral nerve of chronic experimental diabetes in rats. Brain, 112, 197-208.