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Volumn 12, Issue 1, 2000, Pages 77-95

Fever without apparent source on clinical examination, lower respiratory infections in children, and enterovirus infections

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; ANTIPYRETIC AGENT; AZITHROMYCIN; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR STIMULATING AGENT; CEFTRIAXONE; CLARITHROMYCIN; ERYTHROMYCIN; IBUPROFEN; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; MACROLIDE; PALIVIZUMAB; PARACETAMOL; PENICILLIN DERIVATIVE; PLECONARIL;

EID: 0033976578     PISSN: 10408703     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00008480-200002000-00015     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (7)

References (90)
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    • 10 Lee GM, Harper MB: Risk of bacteremia for febrile young children in the post-Haemophilus influenzae type b era. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1998, 152:624-628. The article underscores the impact that vaccination against H. influenzae b has had on infections by the organism. In a 48 month period, 9465 children between 3-36 months of age with temperature ≥39.5°C and no source of infection other than otitis media were discharged home after being evaluated in an Emergency Department. Of these, 149 had positive blood cultures; none grew H. influenzae b. (Historically, 13% of ambulatory bacteremias were caused by H.influenzae b). On the other hand, 137 blood cultures grew S. pneumoniae. A white blood count ≥ 15000 per cu mm had a sensitivity and specificity of 86% and 77%, respectively, for bacteremia.
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    • 24 Baker MD, Bell LM: Unpredictability of serious bacterial illness in febrile infants from birth to 1 month of age. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1999, 153:508-511. The Philadelphia Guidelines were developed to identify febrile infants between 29 to 60 days of age with serious bacterial illnesses, and also to identify those infants unlikely to have serious bacterial infections. This report studied 254 febrile infants who were younger, 3 to 28 days of age. The occurrence and spectrum of bacterial illnesses was similiar to that documented in febrile infants 29 to 60 days of age. Five of 32 serious bacterial illnesses in these 254 infants occured in 109 infants classified by the Guidelines as being unlikely to have a serious bacterial illness. The authors note that the Philadelphia Guidelines lack appropriate sensitivity and negative predictive value in febrile infants 3 to 28 days.
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    • The authors and the Study Group, which represent eight children's hospitals, report on 42 children with either osteomyelitis (n = 21) or septic arthritis (n = 21) caused by S. pneumonias and seen over a 36-month period. Twenty-nine of the children had been seen at least once previously. For the entire group, the mean duration of fever before hospitalisation was 5.6 days with a standard deviation of plus or minus 5.6 days. Blood cultures were positive in 19 of the 42 children, and were the only site of pathogen isolation in six children with osteomyelitis and two children with septic arthritis. The results support the wisdom of considering bone and joint infection in children with prolonged fever and of obtaining blood cultures in children with FUO
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