Large third-order electronic polarizability of a conjugated porphyrin polymer

Journal of the American Chemical Society

Volumn 122, Issue 2, 2000, Pages 339-347

  Kuebler, Stephen M ^a,b   Denning, Robert G ^a   Anderson, Harry L ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

^b University of Arizona ^*  (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

MACROCYCLIC COMPOUND; MONOMER; POLYMER; PORPHYRIN;

ARTICLE; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; OPTICAL ROTATION; REACTION ANALYSIS; SIGNAL PROCESSING;

EID: 0033955123     PISSN: 00027863     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/ja9922330     Document Type: Article

References (96)

1. Stegeman, G.; Likamwa, P. In Nonlinear Optical Materials and Devices for Applications in Information Technology, Miller, A., Welford, K. R. and Daino, B., Eds.; Vol. 289; Kluwer Acad. Publ.: Dordrecht, 1995; pp 285-320.
2. Gouterman, M. In The Porphyrins; Dolphin, D., Ed.; Vol. 3; Academic: New York, 1978; pp 1-165.
3. Berezin, B. D. Coordination Compounds of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines; Wiley: New York, 1981.
4. Perry, J. W.; Mansour, K.; Marder, S. R.; Perry, K. J.; Alvarez, D., Jr.; Choong, I. Opt. Lett. 1994, 19, 625-627.
5. McEwan, K. J.; Robertson, J. M.; Anderson, H. L.; Wylie, A. P. Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 1997, 479, 29-39.
6. Ho, Z. Z.; Ju, C. Y.; Hetherington, W. M., III. J. Appl. Phys. 1987, 62, 716-718.
7. Maloney, C.; Byrne, H.; Dennis, W. M.; Blau, W. Chem. Phys. 1988, 121, 21-39.
8. Kaltbeitzel, A.; Neher, D.; Bubeck, C.; Sauer, T.; Wegner, G.; Caseri, W. In Electronic Properties of Conjugated Polymers III; Kuzmany, H., Mehring, M. Roth, S., Eds.; Springer Series in Solid-State Sciences; Springer: Berlin, 1989; Vol. 91, pp 220-224.
9. Casstevens, M. K.; Samoc, M.; Pfleger, J.; Prasad, P. N. J. Chem. Phys. 1990, 92, 2019-2024.
10. Wang, N. Q.; Cai, Y. M.; Heflin, J. R.; Garito, A. F. Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 1990, 189, 39-48.
11. Wang, N. Q.; Cai, Y. M.; Heflin, J. R.; Wu, J. W.; Rodenberger, D. C.; Garito, A. F. Polymer 1991, 32, 1752-1755.
12. Grund, A.; Kaltbeitzel, A.; Mathy, A.; Schwarz, R.; Bubeck, C.; Vermehren, P.; Hanack, M. J. Phys. Chem. 1992, 96, 7450-7454.
13. Norwood, R. A.; Sounik, J. R. Appl. Phys. Lett. 1992, 60, 295-297.
14. Guha, S.; Kang, K.; Porter, P.; Roach, J. R.; Remy, D. E.; Aranda, F. J.; Rao, D. V. G. L. N. Opt. Lett. 1992, 17, 264-266.
15. Reeves, R. J.; Powell, R. C.; Ford, W. T.; Chang, Y. H.; Zhu, W. In Electrical, Optical, and Magnetic Properties of Organic Solid State Materials; Chiang, L. Y., Garito, A. F., Sandman, D. J., Eds.; Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings; Material Research Society: Pittsburgh, 1992; Vol. 247, pp 203-208.
16. Suslick, K. S.; Chen, C.-T.; Meredith, G. R.; Cheng, L.-T. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 6928-6930.
17. Garito, A. F.; Wu, J. W. Proc. Soc. Photo-Opt. Instrum. Eng. 1989, 1147, 2-11.
18. Anderson, H. L.; Martin, S. J.; Bradley, D. D. C. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1994, 33, 655-657.
19. Beljonne, D.; O'Keefe, G. E.; Hamer, P. J.; Friend, R. H.; Anderson, H. L.; Brédas, J. L. J. Chem. Phys. 1997, 106, 9439-9460.
20. Martin, S. J.; Anderson, H. L.; Bradley, D. D. C. Adv. Mater. Opt. Electron. 1994, 4, 277-283.
21. Anderson, H. L. Adv. Mater. 1994, 6, 834-836.
22. Pichler, K.; Anderson, H. L.; Bradley, D. D. C.; Friend, R. H.; Hamer, P. J.; Harrison, M. G.; Jarrett, C. P.; Martin, S. J.; Stephens, J. A. Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 1994, 256, 415-422.
23. O'Keefe, G. E.; Denton, G. J.; Harvey, E. J.; Phillips, R. T.; Friend, R. H.; Anderson, H. L. J. Chem. Phys. 1996, 104, 805-811.
24. O'Keefe, G. E.; Halls, J. J. M.; Walsh, C. A.; Denton, G. J.; Friend, R. H.; Anderson, H. L. Chem. Phys. Lett. 1997, 276, 78-83.
25. Piet, J. J.; Warman, J. M.; Anderson, H. L. Chem. Phys. Lett. 1997, 266, 70-74.
26. Qureshi, F. M.; Martin, S. J.; Long, X.; Bradley, D. D. C.; Henari, F. Z.; Blau, W. J.; Smith, E. C.; Wang, C. H.; Kar, A. K.; Anderson, H. L. Chem. Phys. 1998, 231, 87-94.
27. Anderson, H. L. Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 972-981.
28. Wasielewski, M. R. Chem. Rev. 1992, 92, 435-461.
29. Bao, Z. N.; Yu, L. P. Trends Polym. Sci. 1995, 3, 159-164.
30. Sauer, T.; Caseri, W.; Wegner, C. Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 1990, 183, 387-402.
31. Bao, Z. N.; Chen, Y. M.; Yu, L. P. Macromolecules 1994, 27, 4629-4631.
32. Terazima, M.; Hitoshi, S.; Osuka, A. J. Appl. Phys. 1997, 81, 2946-2951.
33. Sinha, A. K.; Bihari, B.; Mandal, B. K.; Chen, L. Macromolecules 1995, 28, 5681-5683.
34. Arnold, D. P.; Heath, G. A.; James, D. A. New J. Chem. 1998, 1377-1387.
35. Arnold, D. P.; James, D. A. J. Org. Chem. 1997, 3460-3469.
36. Kumble, R.; Palese, S.; Lin, V. S.-Y.; Therien, M. J.; Hochstrasser, R. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 11489-11498.
37. LeCours, S. M.; DiMagno, S. G.; Therien, M. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 11854-11864.
38. Lin, V. S.-Y.; DiMagno, S. G.; Therien, M. J. Science 1994, 264, 1105-1111.
39. Angiolillo, P. J.; Lin, V. S.-Y.; Vanderkooi, J. M.; Therien, M. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 12514-12527.
40. Reimers, J. R.; Lu, T. X.; Crossley, M. J.; Hush, N. S. Chem. Phys. Lett. 1996, 256, 353-359.
41. (41 ) Jaquinod, L.; Senge, M. O.; Pandey, R. K.; Forsyth, T. P.; Smith, K. M. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 1840-1842.
42. Jaquinod, L.; Siri, O.; Khoury, R. G.; Smith, K. M. Chem. Commun. 1998, 1261-1262.
43. Johnson, C. K.; Dolphin, D. Tetrahedron Lett. 1998, 39, 4753-4756.
44. Anderson, H. L. Chem. Commun. 1999, 2323-2330.
45. Jiang, B.; Yang, S.-W.; Barbini, D. C.; Jones, W. E., Jr. Chem. Commun. 1998, 213-214.
46. Karki, L.; Vance, F. W.; Hupp, J. T.; LeCours, S. M.; Therien, M. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 2606-2611.
47. Yeung, M.; Ng, A. C. H.; Drew, M. G. B.; Vorpagel, E.; Brietung, E. M.; McMahon, R. J.; Ng, D. K. P. J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 7143-7150.
48. Brédas, J.-L.; Silbey, R., Eds.; Conjugated Polymers: The Novel Science and Technology of Highly Conducting and Nonlinear Optically Active Materials; Kluwer Academic Publishers: Dordrecht, 1991.
49. Caro, R. G.; Gower, M. C. IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 1982, 18, 1376-1380.
50. Kuebler, S. M. Studies of the third-order nonlinear optical properties of some materials by degenerate four-wave mixing. D. Phil. Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997.
51. Shirley, J. A.; Hall, R. J.; Eckbreth, A. C. Opt. Lett. 1980, 5, 380-382.
52. Beddard, G. S.; McFadyen, G. G.; Reid, G. D.; Thorne, J. R. G. Chem. Phys. 1993, 172, 363-376.
53. Carter, G. M. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 1987, 4, 1018-1024.
54. Eichler, H. J.; Günter, P.; Pohl, D. W. Laser-Induced Dynamic Gratings, Springer Series in Optical Sciences; Springer: Berlin, 1986; Vol. 50.
55. Vauthey, E.; Henseler, A. J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 8652-8660.
56. Zel'dovich, B. Y.; Pilipetsky, N. F.; Shkunov, V. V. Principles of Phase Conjugation, Springer Series in Optical Sciences; Springer: Berlin, 1985; Vol. 42.
57. Gower, M. C. Prog. Quantum Electron. 1984, 9, 101-147.
58. Shen, Y. R. The Principles of Nonlinear Optics; Wiley: New York, 1984.
59. Miller, R. J. D.; Casalegno, R.; Nelson, K. A.; Fayer, M. D. Chem. Phys. 1982, 72, 371.
60. Fayer, M. D. Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 1982, 22, 63-87.
61. McEwan, K. J.; Harrison, K. J.; Madden, P. A. Mol. Phys. 1990, 69, 1025-1042.
62. Trebino, R.; Barker, C. E.; Siegman, A. E. IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 1986, 22, 1413-1430.
63. Lessing, H. E.; von Jena, A. In Laser Handbook; Stitch, M. L., Ed.; North-Holland: Amsterdam, 1979; Vol. 3, pp 753-846.
64. von Jena, A.; Lessing, H. E. Opt. Quantum Electron. 1979, 11, 419-439.
65. Maloney, C.; Blau, W. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 1987, 4, 1035-1039.
66. Carter, G. M.; Hryniewicz, J. V.; Thakur, M. K.; Chen, Y. J.; Meyler, S. E. Appl. Phys. Lett. 1986, 49, 998-1000.
67. Butcher, P. N.; Cotter, D. The Elements of Nonlinear Optics; Cambridge Studies in Modern Optics; Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 1990; Vol. 9.
68. Martin, S. J., personal communication, 1995.
69. Xuan, N. P.; Ferrier, J. L.; Gazengel, J.; Rivoire, G. Opt. Commun. 1984, 51, 433-437.
70. Etchepare, J.; Grillon, G.; Astier, R.; Martin, J. L.; Bruneau, C.; Antonetti, A. In Picosecond Phenomena III; Eisenthal, K. B., Hochstrasser, R. M., Kaiser, W. Laubereau, A., Eds.; Springer Series in Optical Sciences; Springer: Berlin, 1982; Vol. 23, pp 217-220.
71. O'Keefe, G. E. Ultrafast optical spectroscopy of the excited-states of conjugated organic molecules. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1996.
72. Bergman, A.; Levine, M.; Jortner, J. Phys. Rev. Lett. 1967, 18, 593-596.
73. Kobayashi, T.; Nagakura, S. Mol. Phys. 1972, 24, 695-704.
74. Greene, B. I.; Millard, R. R. Phys. Rev. Lett. 1985, 55, 1331-1334.
75. Ho, Z. Z.; Peyghambarian, N. Chem. Phys. Lett. 1988, 148, 107-111.
76. Qureshi, F. M.; Thorne, J. R. G.; Bradley, D. D. C.; Anderson, H. L. Ultrafast relaxations in conjugated porphyrin polymers; Report: Rutherford-Appelton Laboratory, Central Laser Facility, 1995.
77. Qureshi, F. M. Nonlinear optical properties of conjugated molecular materials. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Sheffield, UK, 1997.
78. Samoc, M.; Prasad, P. N. J. Chem. Phys. 1989, 91, 6643-6649.
79. Deeg, F. W.; Fayer, M. D. J. Chem. Phys. 1989, 91, 2269-2279.
80. Bourdin, J. P.; Nguyen, P. X.; Rivoire, G.; Nunzi, J. M. Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. Sci. Technol., Sec. B Nonlinear Opt. 1994, 7, 1-6.
81. Myers, A. B.; Hochstrasser, R. M. IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 1986, 22, 1482.
82. Kajzar, F.; Messier, J. In Conjugated Polymers: The Novel Science and Technology of Highly Conducting and Nonlinear Optically Active Materials; Brédas, J.-L., Silbey, R., Eds.; Kluwer Academic Publishers: Dordrecht, 1991; pp 509-554.
83. Nalwa, H. S. In Nonlinear Optics of Organic Molecules and Polymers; Nalwa, H. S., Miyata, S., Eds.; CRC Press: New York, 1997; pp 611-797.
84. Etemad, S.; Baker, G. L. Synth. Met. 1989, 28, D159-D166.
85. Schmid, W.; Vogtmann, T.; Schwoerer, M. Chem. Phys. 1996, 204, 147-155.
86. Stegeman, G. I. In Contemporary Nonlinear Optics; Agrawal, G. P., Boyd, R. W., Eds.; Academic: Boston, 1992; pp 1-40.
87. Thorne, J. R. G.; Kuebler, S. M.; Denning, R. G.; Blake, I. M.; Taylor, P. N.; Anderson, H. L. Chem. Phys. 1999, 248, 181-193.
88. Jenekhe, S. A. Appl. Phys. Lett. 1989, 54, 2524-2526.
89. Singh, B. P.; Prasad, P. N.; Karasz, F. E. Polymer 1988, 29, 1940-1942.
90. Dorsinville, R.; Yang, L.; Alfano, R. R.; Tubino, R.; Destri, S. Solid State Commun. 1988, 68, 875-877.
91. Carter, G. M.; Thakur, M. K.; Chen, Y. J.; Hryniewicz, J. V. Appl. Phys. Lett. 1985, 47, 457-459.
92. Rao, D. N.; Swiatkiewicz, J.; Chopra, P.; Ghoshal, S. K.; Prasad, P. N. Appl. Phys. Lett. 1986, 48, 1187-1189.
93. Bubeck, C.; Kaltbeitzel, A.; Neher, D.; Stenger-Smith, J. D.; Wegner, G.; Wolf, A. In Electronic Properties of Conjugated Polymers III; Kuzmany, H., Mehring, M., Roth, S., Eds.; Springer Series in Solid-State Sciences; Springer: Berlin, 1989; Vol. 91, pp 214-219.
94. Nunzi, J. M.; Grec, D. J. Appl. Phys. 1987, 62, 2198-2202.
95. Ghoshal, S. K. Chem. Phys. Lett. 1989, 158, 65-69.
96. Dennis, W. M.; Blau, W.; Bradley, D. J. Appl. Phys. Lett. 1985, 47, 200-202.