메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 84, Issue 1, 2000, Pages 3-12

Role of staphylococcal superantigens in atopic dermatitis: From colonization to inflammation

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; BACTERIAL ANTIGEN; CHLORHEXIDINE; CLOXACILLIN; CYTOKINE; EMOLLIENT AGENT; ERYTHROMYCIN; FLUCLOXACILLIN; LYMPHOCYTE ANTIGEN; SUPERANTIGEN; T LYMPHOCYTE RECEPTOR; TRICLOSAN;

EID: 0033953345     PISSN: 10811206     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1081-1206(10)62731-7     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (59)

References (60)
  • 1
    • 0029099089 scopus 로고
    • Atopic dermatitis: The skin as a window into the pathogenesis of chronic allergic diseases
    • Leung DYM. Atopic dermatitis: the skin as a window into the pathogenesis of chronic allergic diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1995;96(3):302-318.
    • (1995) J Allergy Clin Immunol , vol.96 , Issue.3 , pp. 302-318
    • Leung, D.Y.M.1
  • 2
    • 0032490342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atopic dermatitis
    • Rudikoff D, Lebwohl M. Atopic dermatitis. Lancet 1998;351:1715-1721.
    • (1998) Lancet , vol.351 , pp. 1715-1721
    • Rudikoff, D.1    Lebwohl, M.2
  • 3
    • 0024576780 scopus 로고
    • Atopic dermatitis flare provoked by inhalant allergens
    • Wuthrich B. Atopic dermatitis flare provoked by inhalant allergens. Dermatologica 1989;178:51-53.
    • (1989) Dermatologica , vol.178 , pp. 51-53
    • Wuthrich, B.1
  • 4
    • 0031033578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atopic dermatitis may be a genetically determined dysmaturation of ectodermal tissue, resulting in disturbed T-lymphocyte maturation
    • Thestrup-Pedersen K, Ellingsen AR, Olesen AB, et al. Atopic dermatitis may be a genetically determined dysmaturation of ectodermal tissue, resulting in disturbed T-lymphocyte maturation. Acta Derm Venereol (Stockh) 1997;77:2021.
    • (1997) Acta Derm Venereol (Stockh) , vol.77 , pp. 2021
    • Thestrup-Pedersen, K.1    Ellingsen, A.R.2    Olesen, A.B.3
  • 5
    • 0031830978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental and other major provocation factors in atopic dermatitis
    • Werfel T, Kapp A. Environmental and other major provocation factors in atopic dermatitis. Allergy 1998;53: 731-739.
    • (1998) Allergy , vol.53 , pp. 731-739
    • Werfel, T.1    Kapp, A.2
  • 6
    • 0028201857 scopus 로고
    • Childhood eczema: Disease of the advantaged?
    • Williams HC, Strachan DP, Roderick JH. Childhood eczema: disease of the advantaged? Br Med J 1994;308: 1132-1135.
    • (1994) Br Med J , vol.308 , pp. 1132-1135
    • Williams, H.C.1    Strachan, D.P.2    Roderick, J.H.3
  • 7
    • 0029555199 scopus 로고
    • Atopik dermatit: Patogenez ve tedavide yeni yaklasimlar
    • Taskapan O, Ozanguc N. Atopik dermatit: patogenez ve tedavide yeni yaklasimlar. Deri Hast Frengi Ars (Turkderm) 1995;29(3-4):139-146.
    • (1995) Deri Hast Frengi Ars (Turkderm) , vol.29 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 139-146
    • Taskapan, O.1    Ozanguc, N.2
  • 8
    • 0002683021 scopus 로고
    • Atopic dermatitis
    • Fitzpatrick TB, Eisen AZ, Wolff K, Freedberg IM, Austen KF, eds, New York: McGraw-Hill, Inc.
    • Leung DYM, Rhodes AR, Geha RS, et al. Atopic dermatitis. In: Fitzpatrick TB, Eisen AZ, Wolff K, Freedberg IM, Austen KF, eds. Dermatology in general medicine. 4th edition, New York: McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1993:1543-1564.
    • (1993) Dermatology in General Medicine. 4th Edition , pp. 1543-1564
    • Leung, D.Y.M.1    Rhodes, A.R.2    Geha, R.S.3
  • 9
    • 0030851467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Substance P binding to peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes in atopic dermatitis
    • Ostlere LS, Gordon DJ, Ayliffe MJ, et al. Substance P binding to peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes in atopic dermatitis. Acta Derm Venereol (Stockh) 1997;77:260-263. Leung DYM. Atopic Dermatitis: The skin as a window into the pathogenesis of chronic allergic diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1995;96(3):302-318.
    • (1997) Acta Derm Venereol (Stockh) , vol.77 , pp. 260-263
    • Ostlere, L.S.1    Gordon, D.J.2    Ayliffe, M.J.3
  • 10
    • 0029099089 scopus 로고
    • Atopic dermatitis: The skin as a window into the pathogenesis of chronic allergic diseases
    • Ostlere LS, Gordon DJ, Ayliffe MJ, et al. Substance P binding to peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes in atopic dermatitis. Acta Derm Venereol (Stockh) 1997;77:260-263. Leung DYM. Atopic Dermatitis: The skin as a window into the pathogenesis of chronic allergic diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1995;96(3):302-318.
    • (1995) J Allergy Clin Immunol , vol.96 , Issue.3 , pp. 302-318
    • Leung, D.Y.M.1
  • 11
    • 9344234459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunoglobulin E response to human proteins in atopic patients
    • Valenta R, Maurer D, Steiner R, et al. Immunoglobulin E response to human proteins in atopic patients. J Invest Dermatol 1996;107:203-208.
    • (1996) J Invest Dermatol , vol.107 , pp. 203-208
    • Valenta, R.1    Maurer, D.2    Steiner, R.3
  • 13
    • 0032437217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of superantigens in human diseases: Therapeutic implications for the treatment of skin diseases
    • Leung DYM, Hauk P, Strickland I, et al. The role of superantigens in human diseases: therapeutic implications for the treatment of skin diseases. Br J Dermatol 1998;139:17-29.
    • (1998) Br J Dermatol , vol.139 , pp. 17-29
    • Leung, D.Y.M.1    Hauk, P.2    Strickland, I.3
  • 14
    • 0016213066 scopus 로고
    • Staphylococcus aureus in the lesions of atopic dermatitis
    • Leyden JJ, Marples RR, Kligman AM. Staphylococcus aureus in the lesions of atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol 1974;90:525-530.
    • (1974) Br J Dermatol , vol.90 , pp. 525-530
    • Leyden, J.J.1    Marples, R.R.2    Kligman, A.M.3
  • 15
    • 0023733903 scopus 로고
    • Staphylococcal colonization in atopic dermatitis and the effect of topical mupirocin therapy
    • Lever R, Hadley K, Downey D, MacKie R. Staphylococcal colonization in atopic dermatitis and the effect of topical mupirocin therapy. Br J Dermatol 1988;119:189-198.
    • (1988) Br J Dermatol , vol.119 , pp. 189-198
    • Lever, R.1    Hadley, K.2    Downey, D.3    MacKie, R.4
  • 16
    • 0030932202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Superantigens
    • Rosen H. Superantigens. Int J Dermatol 1997;36:14-16.
    • (1997) Int J Dermatol , vol.36 , pp. 14-16
    • Rosen, H.1
  • 17
    • 0029011365 scopus 로고
    • Superantigens: Do they have a role in skin diseases?
    • Skov L, Baadsgaard O. Superantigens: do they have a role in skin diseases? Arch Dermatol 1995;131:829-832.
    • (1995) Arch Dermatol , vol.131 , pp. 829-832
    • Skov, L.1    Baadsgaard, O.2
  • 18
    • 0024577093 scopus 로고
    • The Vβ-specific superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B: Stimulation of mature T cells and clonal deletion in neonatal mice
    • White J, Herman A, Pullen AM, et al. The Vβ-specific superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B: stimulation of mature T cells and clonal deletion in neonatal mice. Cell 1989;56:27-35.
    • (1989) Cell , vol.56 , pp. 27-35
    • White, J.1    Herman, A.2    Pullen, A.M.3
  • 19
    • 0028032982 scopus 로고
    • Superantigens and their role in disease
    • Kotzin BL. Superantigens and their role in disease. Hosp Pract 1994;Nov. 15:59-70.
    • (1994) Hosp Pract , vol.NOV. 15 , pp. 59-70
    • Kotzin, B.L.1
  • 20
    • 0031669859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxin-mediated streptococcal and staphylococcal disease
    • Manders SM. Toxin-mediated streptococcal and staphylococcal disease. J Am Acad Dermatol 1998;39: 383-398.
    • (1998) J Am Acad Dermatol , vol.39 , pp. 383-398
    • Manders, S.M.1
  • 21
    • 0027394682 scopus 로고
    • Role of superantigens in human disease
    • Schlievert PM. Role of superantigens in human disease. J Infect Dis 1993; 167:997-1002.
    • (1993) J Infect Dis , vol.167 , pp. 997-1002
    • Schlievert, P.M.1
  • 23
    • 0032437215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacteria and the skin: Clinical practice and therapy update
    • Thestrup-Pedersen K. Bacteria and the skin: clinical practice and therapy update. Br J Dermatol 1998;139:1-3.
    • (1998) Br J Dermatol , vol.139 , pp. 1-3
    • Thestrup-Pedersen, K.1
  • 24
    • 0016512817 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative microbiology of the scalp in non-dandruff, dandruff, and seborrheic dermatitis
    • McGinley KJ, Leyden JJ, Marples RR, Kligman AM. Quantitative microbiology of the scalp in non-dandruff, dandruff, and seborrheic dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 1975;64:401-405.
    • (1975) J Invest Dermatol , vol.64 , pp. 401-405
    • McGinley, K.J.1    Leyden, J.J.2    Marples, R.R.3    Kligman, A.M.4
  • 25
    • 0017597081 scopus 로고
    • The case for steroid-antibiotic combinations
    • Leyden JJ, Kligman AM. The case for steroid-antibiotic combinations. Br J Dermatol 1977;96:179-187.
    • (1977) Br J Dermatol , vol.96 , pp. 179-187
    • Leyden, J.J.1    Kligman, A.M.2
  • 26
    • 0025276707 scopus 로고
    • Mupirocin: A new: A new topical antibiotic
    • Leyden JJ. Mupirocin: A new: a new topical antibiotic. J Am Acad Dermatol 1990;22:879-883.
    • (1990) J Am Acad Dermatol , vol.22 , pp. 879-883
    • Leyden, J.J.1
  • 27
    • 0029131530 scopus 로고
    • Human immunodeficiency virus and the skin: Selected controversies
    • Duvic M. Human immunodeficiency virus and the skin: selected controversies. J Invest Dermatol 1995;105: 117S-121S.
    • (1995) J Invest Dermatol , vol.105
    • Duvic, M.1
  • 28
    • 0031855751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atopic dermatitis: A question of balance
    • Boguniewicz M, Leung DYM. Atopic dermatitis: a question of balance. Arch Dermatol 1998;134:870-871.
    • (1998) Arch Dermatol , vol.134 , pp. 870-871
    • Boguniewicz, M.1    Leung, D.Y.M.2
  • 29
    • 0029098122 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of the cytokine pattern expressed in situ in inhalant allergen patch test reactions of atopic dermatitis patients
    • Grewe M, Walther S, Gyufko K, et al. Analysis of the cytokine pattern expressed in situ in inhalant allergen patch test reactions of atopic dermatitis patients. J Invest Dermatol 1995;105: 407-410.
    • (1995) J Invest Dermatol , vol.105 , pp. 407-410
    • Grewe, M.1    Walther, S.2    Gyufko, K.3
  • 30
    • 0032410072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Skin bacteriology and the role of staphylococcus aureus in infection
    • Noble WC. Skin bacteriology and the role of staphylococcus aureus in infection. Br J Dermatol 1998;139:9-12.
    • (1998) Br J Dermatol , vol.139 , pp. 9-12
    • Noble, W.C.1
  • 31
    • 0020664177 scopus 로고
    • Production of staphylococcal pyrogenic exotoxin type C: Influence of physical and chemical factors
    • Schlievert PM, Blomster DA. Production of staphylococcal pyrogenic exotoxin type C: influence of physical and chemical factors. J Infect Dis 1983; 147:236-242.
    • (1983) J Infect Dis , vol.147 , pp. 236-242
    • Schlievert, P.M.1    Blomster, D.A.2
  • 32
    • 0030021670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Staphylococcal enterotoxin B applied on intact normal and intact atopic skin induces dermatitis
    • Strange P, Skov L, Lisby S, et al. Staphylococcal enterotoxin B applied on intact normal and intact atopic skin induces dermatitis. Arch Dermatol 1996;132:27-33.
    • (1996) Arch Dermatol , vol.132 , pp. 27-33
    • Strange, P.1    Skov, L.2    Lisby, S.3
  • 33
    • 0030052836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atopic dermatitis and staphylococcal superantigens
    • Michie CA, Davis T. Atopic Dermatitis and staphylococcal superantigens [letter]. Lancet 1996;347:324.
    • (1996) Lancet , vol.347 , pp. 324
    • Michie, C.A.1    Davis, T.2
  • 34
    • 0030844098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IgE binding components of staphylococcal enterotoxins in patients with atopic dermatitis
    • Nissen D, Pedersen LJ, Skov PS, et al. IgE binding components of staphylococcal enterotoxins in patients with atopic dermatitis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 1997;79:403-408.
    • (1997) Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol , vol.79 , pp. 403-408
    • Nissen, D.1    Pedersen, L.J.2    Skov, P.S.3
  • 35
    • 0028963377 scopus 로고
    • Bacterial superantigens induce T cell expression of the skin-selective homing receptor, the cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen, via stimulation of IL-12 production
    • Leung DYM, Gately M, Trumble A, et al. Bacterial superantigens induce T cell expression of the skin-selective homing receptor, the cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen, via stimulation of IL-12 production. J Exp Med 1995;181:747-753.
    • (1995) J Exp Med , vol.181 , pp. 747-753
    • Leung, D.Y.M.1    Gately, M.2    Trumble, A.3
  • 36
    • 0032410073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Staphylococcus aureus colonization in atopic dermatitis and its therapeutic implications
    • Abeck D, Mempel M. Staphylococcus aureus colonization in atopic dermatitis and its therapeutic implications. Br J Dermatol 1998;139:13-16.
    • (1998) Br J Dermatol , vol.139 , pp. 13-16
    • Abeck, D.1    Mempel, M.2
  • 37
    • 0029797332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Staphylococcal toxins and protein A differentially induce cytotoxicity and release of tumor necrosis factor-α from human keratinocytes
    • Ezepchuk YV, Leung DYM, Hiddleton MH, et al. Staphylococcal toxins and protein A differentially induce cytotoxicity and release of tumor necrosis factor-α from human keratinocytes. J Invest Dermatol 1996;107:603-609.
    • (1996) J Invest Dermatol , vol.107 , pp. 603-609
    • Ezepchuk, Y.V.1    Leung, D.Y.M.2    Hiddleton, M.H.3
  • 38
    • 0029560683 scopus 로고
    • Upregulation of IgE synthesis by staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with atopic dermatitis
    • Hofer MF, Lester MR, Schlievert PM, Leung DYM. Upregulation of IgE synthesis by staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with atopic dermatitis. Clin Exp Allergy 1995;25:1218-1227.
    • (1995) Clin Exp Allergy , vol.25 , pp. 1218-1227
    • Hofer, M.F.1    Lester, M.R.2    Schlievert, P.M.3    Leung, D.Y.M.4
  • 40
    • 0029942955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 on B cell apoptosis
    • Hofer MF, Newell K, Duke RC, Schlievert PM, et al. Differential effects of staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 on B cell apoptosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1996;93: 5425-5430.
    • (1996) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.93 , pp. 5425-5430
    • Hofer, M.F.1    Newell, K.2    Duke, R.C.3    Schlievert, P.M.4
  • 41
    • 0033033445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 reduces apoptosis of monocytes in atopic dermatitis
    • May KR, Leung DYM, Doherty DE, Bratton DL. Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 reduces apoptosis of monocytes in atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1999; 103(5 pt 1):895-900.
    • (1999) J Allergy Clin Immunol , vol.103 , Issue.5 PART 1 , pp. 895-900
    • May, K.R.1    Leung, D.Y.M.2    Doherty, D.E.3    Bratton, D.L.4
  • 42
    • 0029972102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cutaneous exposure to the superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B elicits a T cell-dependent inflammatory response
    • Saloga J, Leung DYM, Reardon C, et al. Cutaneous exposure to the superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B elicits a T cell-dependent inflammatory response. J Invest Dermatol 1996; 106:982-988.
    • (1996) J Invest Dermatol , vol.106 , pp. 982-988
    • Saloga, J.1    Leung, D.Y.M.2    Reardon, C.3
  • 43
    • 0028804437 scopus 로고
    • Milk-induced eczema is associated with the expansion of T cells expressing cutaneous lymphocyte antigen
    • Abernathy-Carver K, Sampson H, Pivker L, Leung DYM. Milk-induced eczema is associated with the expansion of T cells expressing cutaneous lymphocyte antigen. J Clin Invest 1995;95: 913-918.
    • (1995) J Clin Invest , vol.95 , pp. 913-918
    • Abernathy-Carver, K.1    Sampson, H.2    Pivker, L.3    Leung, D.Y.M.4
  • 44
    • 0025821997 scopus 로고
    • Expression of an endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule (ELAM-1) in elicited late phase allergic skin reactions
    • Leung DYM, Cotran RS, Pober JS. Expression of an endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule (ELAM-1) in elicited late phase allergic skin reactions. J Clin Invest 1991;87:1805-1810.
    • (1991) J Clin Invest , vol.87 , pp. 1805-1810
    • Leung, D.Y.M.1    Cotran, R.S.2    Pober, J.S.3
  • 45
    • 0027200566 scopus 로고
    • Presence of IgE antibodies to staphylococcal exotoxins on the skin of patients with atopic dermatitis: Evidence for a new group of allergens
    • Leung DYM, Harbeck R, Bina P, et al. Presence of IgE antibodies to staphylococcal exotoxins on the skin of patients with atopic dermatitis: Evidence for a new group of allergens. J Clin Invest 1993;92:1374-1380.
    • (1993) J Clin Invest , vol.92 , pp. 1374-1380
    • Leung, D.Y.M.1    Harbeck, R.2    Bina, P.3
  • 46
    • 0032893309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalance and role of serum IgE antibodies to the staphylococcus aureus-derived superantigens SEA and SEB in children with atopic dermatitis
    • Bunikowski R, Mielke M, Skarabis H, et al. Prevalance and role of serum IgE antibodies to the staphylococcus aureus-derived superantigens SEA and SEB in children with atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1999;103(1): 119-124.
    • (1999) J Allergy Clin Immunol , vol.103 , Issue.1 , pp. 119-124
    • Bunikowski, R.1    Mielke, M.2    Skarabis, H.3
  • 47
    • 0032828538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the staphylococcal exotoxins and their specific IgE in childhood atopic dermatitis
    • Nomura I, Tanaka K, Tomita H, et al. Evaluation of the staphylococcal exotoxins and their specific IgE in childhood atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1999;104(2 pt 1):441-446.
    • (1999) J Allergy Clin Immunol , vol.104 , Issue.2 PART 1 , pp. 441-446
    • Nomura, I.1    Tanaka, K.2    Tomita, H.3
  • 48
    • 0028897227 scopus 로고
    • Granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor inhibition of monocyte apoptosis contributes to the chronic monocyte activation in atopic dermatitis
    • Bratton DL, Hamid Q, Boguniewicz M, et al. Granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor inhibition of monocyte apoptosis contributes to the chronic monocyte activation in atopic dermatitis. J Clin Invest 1995;95: 211-218.
    • (1995) J Clin Invest , vol.95 , pp. 211-218
    • Bratton, D.L.1    Hamid, Q.2    Boguniewicz, M.3
  • 49
    • 0031946968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Superantigen production by staphylococcus aureus in atopic dermatitis: No more than a coincidence?
    • Jappe U, Heuck D, Witte W, Gollnick H. Superantigen production by staphylococcus aureus in atopic dermatitis: no more than a coincidence? J Invest Dermatol 1998;110(5):844-846.
    • (1998) J Invest Dermatol , vol.110 , Issue.5 , pp. 844-846
    • Jappe, U.1    Heuck, D.2    Witte, W.3    Gollnick, H.4
  • 50
    • 85119791974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Superantigens in T cell-mediated skin diseases - More than a coincidence!
    • Zollner TM, Kaufman R. Superantigens in T cell-mediated skin diseases - more than a coincidence! J Invst Dermatol 1999;112(1):118-119.
    • (1999) J Invst Dermatol , vol.112 , Issue.1 , pp. 118-119
    • Zollner, T.M.1    Kaufman, R.2
  • 51
    • 0026520242 scopus 로고
    • Staphylococcal skin colonization in children with atopic dermatitis: Prevalance, persistence, and transmission of toxigenic and nontoxigenic strains
    • Hoeger PH, Lenz W, Boutonnier A, Fournier JM. Staphylococcal skin colonization in children with atopic dermatitis: prevalance, persistence, and transmission of toxigenic and nontoxigenic strains. J Infec Dis 1992;165: 1064-1068.
    • (1992) J Infec Dis , vol.165 , pp. 1064-1068
    • Hoeger, P.H.1    Lenz, W.2    Boutonnier, A.3    Fournier, J.M.4
  • 52
    • 0027102649 scopus 로고
    • Role of bacterial flora in the pathogenesis & management of atopic dermatitis
    • Dhar S, Kanwar AJ, Kaur S, et al. Role of bacterial flora in the pathogenesis & management of atopic dermatitis. Indian J Med Res 1992;95:234-238.
    • (1992) Indian J Med Res , vol.95 , pp. 234-238
    • Dhar, S.1    Kanwar, A.J.2    Kaur, S.3
  • 53
    • 0022642290 scopus 로고
    • Bacterial infection and atopic eczema
    • David TJ, Cambridge GC. Bacterial infection and atopic eczema. Arch Dis Child 1986;61:20-23.
    • (1986) Arch Dis Child , vol.61 , pp. 20-23
    • David, T.J.1    Cambridge, G.C.2
  • 54
    • 0030011168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The therapeutic concept of patient management in atopic eczema
    • Ring J, Brockow K, Abeck D. The therapeutic concept of patient management in atopic eczema. Allergy 1996; 51:206-215.
    • (1996) Allergy , vol.51 , pp. 206-215
    • Ring, J.1    Brockow, K.2    Abeck, D.3
  • 55
    • 0002447727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infection in atopic dermatitis
    • Lever R. Infection in atopic dermatitis. Derm Ther 1997;1:32-37.
    • (1997) Derm Ther , vol.1 , pp. 32-37
    • Lever, R.1
  • 56
    • 0031779324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flucloxacillin in the treatment of atopic dermatitis
    • Lewing C, Ashcroft C, Gibbs ACC, et al. Flucloxacillin in the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol 1998; 138:1022-1029.
    • (1998) Br J Dermatol , vol.138 , pp. 1022-1029
    • Lewing, C.1    Ashcroft, C.2    Gibbs, A.C.C.3
  • 57
    • 0027021980 scopus 로고
    • Comparative effects of two topical antiseptics (chlorhexidine vs KMnO4) on bacterial skin flora in atopic dermatitis
    • Stalder JF, Fleury M, Sourisse M, et al. Comparative effects of two topical antiseptics (chlorhexidine vs KMnO4) on bacterial skin flora in atopic dermatitis. Acta Derm Venereol (Stockh) 1992(Suppl)176:132-134.
    • (1992) Acta Derm Venereol (Stockh) , vol.176 , Issue.SUPPL , pp. 132-134
    • Stalder, J.F.1    Fleury, M.2    Sourisse, M.3
  • 58
    • 0029871677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Die keimreduzierende wirkung von erythromycin und triclosan bei der atopischen dermatitis
    • Gehring W, Forssman TH, Jost G, Gloor M. Die keimreduzierende wirkung von erythromycin und triclosan bei der atopischen dermatitis. Akt Dermatol 1996;22:28-31.
    • (1996) Akt Dermatol , vol.22 , pp. 28-31
    • Gehring, W.1    Forssman, T.H.2    Jost, G.3    Gloor, M.4
  • 59
    • 0002109981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phototherapy for atopic dermatitis
    • Krutman J. Phototherapy for atopic dermatitis. Dermatol Ther 1996;1: 24-31.
    • (1996) Dermatol Ther , vol.1 , pp. 24-31
    • Krutman, J.1
  • 60
    • 0029798355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antimicrobial effects of phototherapy and photochemotherapy in vivo and in vitro
    • Yoshimura M, Namura S, Akamatsu H, Horio T. Antimicrobial effects of phototherapy and photochemotherapy in vivo and in vitro. Br J Dermatol 1996;135:528-532.
    • (1996) Br J Dermatol , vol.135 , pp. 528-532
    • Yoshimura, M.1    Namura, S.2    Akamatsu, H.3    Horio, T.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.