The bacA gene, which determines bacitracin susceptibility in Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus, is also required for virulence

Microbiology

Volumn 146, Issue 7, 2000, Pages 1547-1553

  Chalker, Alison F ^a   Ingraham, Karen A ^a   Lunsford, R Dwayne ^a   Bryant, Alexander P ^a   Bryant, Joanna ^a   Wallis, Nicola G ^a   Broskey, John P ^a   Pearson, Stewart C ^a   Holmes, David J ^a  

^a GLAXOSMITHKLINE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

BacA; Bacitracin; Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Undecaprenol kinase

Indexed keywords

BACITRACIN;

ALLELE; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ANIMAL TISSUE; ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY; ARTICLE; ATTENUATION; BACTERIAL GENE; BACTERIAL GROWTH; BACTERIUM MUTANT; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; GROWTH RATE; IN VITRO STUDY; MORPHOLOGY; MOUSE; MUTAGENESIS; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS; STAPHYLOCOCCUS INFECTION; STREPTOCOCCUS INFECTION; STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE; VIRULENCE;

STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS; STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE;

EID: 0033939587     PISSN: 13500872     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1099/00221287-146-7-1547     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Altschul, S. F., Madden, T. L., Schaffer, A. A., Zhang, J., Zhang, Z., Miller, W. & Lipman, D. J. (1997). Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs. Nucleic Acids Res 25, 3389-3402.
2. Anderson, R. G., Hussey, H. & Baddiley, J. (1972). The mechanism of wall synthesis in bacteria. The organization of enzymes and isoprenoid phosphates in the membrane. Biochem J 127, 11-25.
3. Apfel, C. M., Takacs, B., Fountoulakis, M., Stieger, M. & Keck, W. (1999). Use of genomics to identify bacterial undecaprenyl pyrophosphate synthetase: cloning, expression, and characterization of the essential uppS gene. J Bacteriol 181, 483-492.
4. Baddiley, J. (1973). Lipid intermediates in the biosynthesis of bacterial cell-wall components. Biochem Soc Trans 1, 1026-1028.
5. Butaye, P., Devriese, L. A. & Haesebrouck, F. (1998). Effects of different test conditions on MICs of food animal growth-promoting antibacterial agents for enterococci. J Clin Microbiol 36, 1907-1911.
6. Cain, B. D., Norton, P. J., Eubanks, W., Nick, H. S. & Allen, C. M. (1993). Amplification of the bacA gene confers bacitracin resistance to Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol 175, 3784-3789.
7. Chapman, G. H. (1945). The significance of sodium chloride in studies of staphylococci. J Bacteriol 50, 201-203.
8. Cole, S. T., Brosch, R., Parkhill, J. & 39 other authors (1998). Deciphering the biology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from the complete genome sequence. Nature 393, 537-544.
9. Cornelissen, F. & Van den Bossche, H. (1983). Synergism of the antimicrobial agents miconazole, bacitracin and polymyxin B. Chemotherapy 29, 419-427.
10. Deckert, G., Warren, P. V., Gaasterland, T. & 12 other authors (1998). The complete genome of the hyperthermophilic bacterium Aquifex aeolicus. Nature 392, 353-358.
11. Drablos, F., Nicholson, D. G. & Ronning, M. (1999). EXAFS study of zinc coordination in bacitracin A. Biochim Biophys Acta 1431, 433-442.
12. Fraser, C. M., Casjens, S., Huang, W. M. & 35 other authors (1997). Genomic sequence of a Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi. Nature 390, 580-586.
13. Gold, L., Pribnow, D., Schneider, T., Shinedling, S., Singer, S. B. & Stormo, G. (1981). Translation initiation in prokaryotes. Annu Rev Microbiol 25, 365-403.
14. 55-isoprenol pyrophosphate phosphatase from Micrococcus lysodeikticus. J Biol Chem 247, 5116-5122.
15. Havarstein, L. S., Coomaraswamy, G. & Morrison, D. A. (1995). An unmodified heptadecapeptide pheromone induces competence for genetic transformation in Streptococcus pneumoniae. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92, 11140-11144.
16. Higashi, Y., Siewert, G. & Strominger, J. L. (1970a). Biosynthesis of the peptidoglycan of bacterial cell walls. J Biol Chem 245, 3683-3690.
17. 55-isoprenoid alcohol and of lipid intermediates in peptidoglycan synthesis from Staphylococcus aureus. J Biol Chem 245, 3697-3702.
18. Horinouchi, S. & Weisblum, B. (1982). Nucleotide sequence and functional map of pE194, a plasmid that specifies inducible resistance to macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin type B antibiotics. J Bacteriol 150, 804-814.
19. Kanof, N. B. (1970). Bacitracin and tyrothricin. Med Clin N Am 54, 1291-1293.
20. Khan, S. & Novick, R. P. (1983). Complete nucleotide sequence of pT181, a tetracycline-resistance plasmid from Staphylococcus aureus. Plasmid 10, 251-259.
21. Kreiswirth, B. N., Lofdahl, S., Belley, M. J., O'Reilly, M., Shlievert, P. M., Bergdoll, M. S. & Novick, R. P. (1983). The toxic shock syndrome exotoxin structural gene is not detectably transmitted by a prophage. Nature 305, 709-712.
22. Kunst, F., Ogasawara, N., Moszer, I. & 148 other authors (1997). The complete genome sequence of the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis. Nature 390, 249-256.
23. Lacks, S. (1966). Integration efficiency and genetic recombination in pneumococcal transformation. Genetics 53, 207-235.
24. Marrie, T. J. (1999). Pneumococcal pneumonia : epidemiology and clinical features. Semin Respir Infect 14, 227-236.
25. Martin, B., Alloing, G., Mejean, V. & Claverys, J. P. (1987). Constitutive expression of erythromycin resistance mediated by the ermAM determinant of plasmid pAMβ1 results from deletion of 5′ leader peptide sequences. Plasmid 18, 250-253.
26. Martin, B., Humbert, O., Camara, M. & 10 other authors (1992). A highly conserved repeated DNA element located in the chromosome of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Nucleic Acids Res 20, 3479-3483.
27. Moszer, I., Glaser, P. & Danchin, A. (1995). Subtilist: a relational database for the Bacillus subtilis genome. Microbiology 141, 261-268.
28. Navarre, W. W. & Schneewind, O. (1999). Surface proteins of Gram-positive bacteria and mechanisms of their targeting to the cell wall envelope. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 63, 174-229.
29. Novick, R. P. (1991). Genetic systems in Staphylococci. Methods Enzymol 204, 587-637.
30. Paton, J. C. (1996). The contribution of pneumolysin to the pathogenicity of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Trends Microbiol 4, 103-106.
31. Reusch, V. M., Jr (1984). Lipopolymers, isoprenoids, and the assembly of the gram-positive cell wall. Crit Rev Microbiol 11, 129-155.
32. Reusch, V. M., Jr & Panos, A. (1976). Defective synthesis of lipid intermediates for peptidoglycan formation in a stabilised L-form of Streptococcus pyogenes. J Bacteriol 126, 300-311.
33. Sabelnikov, A. G., Greenberg, B. & Lacks, S. A. (1995). An extended - 10 promoter alone directs transcription of the DpnII operon of Streptococcus pneumoniae. J Mol Biol 250, 144-155.
34. 55-isoprenoid alcohol phosphokinase: an extremely hydrophobic protein from the bacterial membrane. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 68, 2441-2443.
35. 55-isoprenoid alcohol phosphokinase from Staphylococcus aureus. J Biol Chem 247, 5123-5131.
36. Shimizu, N., Koyama, T. & Ogura, K. (1998). Molecular cloning, expression, and purification of undecaprenyl diphosphate synthase: no sequence similarity between E- and Z-prenyl diphosphate synthases. J Biol Chem 273, 19476-19481.
37. 55-isoprenyl pyrophosphate. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 68, 3223-3227.
38. Stone, K. J. & Strominger, J. L. (1972). Inhibition of sterol biosynthesis by bacitracin. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 69, 1287-1289.
39. Storm, D. R. & Strominger, J. L. (1973). Complex formation between bacitracin peptides and isoprenyl pyrophosphates. J Biol Chem 248, 3940-3945.
40. Thorne, K. J. I. (1973). Identification of prenol intermediates of wall biosynthesis in growing cells of Lactobacillus plantarum. J Bacteriol 116, 235-244.
41. Toscano, W. A. & Storm, D. R. (1982). Bacitracin. Pharmacol Ther 16, 199-210.
42. Umbreit, J. N., Stone, K. J. & Strominger, J. L. (1972). Isolation of polyisoprenyl alcohols from Streptococcus faeciilis. J Bacteriol 112, 1302-1305.
43. Vijaranakul, U., Nadakavukaren, M. J., Bayles, D. O., Wilkinson, B. J. & Jayaswal, R. K. (1997). Characterization of an NaCl-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus mutant and rescue of the NaCl-sensitive phenotype by glycine betaine but not by other compatible solutes. Apppl Environ Microbiol 63, 1889-1897.