메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 15, Issue 4, 2000, Pages 293-303

Update on recent clinical trials in congestive heart failure

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALDOSTERONE ANTAGONIST; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; BISOPROLOL; BUCINDOLOL; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; CANDESARTAN; CAPTOPRIL; CARVEDILOL; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; DOBUTAMINE; ENALAPRIL; HYDRALAZINE; IBOPAMINE; ISOSORBIDE DINITRATE; LEVOSIMENDAN; LISINOPRIL; LOSARTAN; METOPROLOL; MILRINONE; MOXONIDINE; PIPERANOMETOZINE; PRACTOLOL; PRAZOSIN; RAMIPRIL; SPIRONOLACTONE; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA ANTIBODY; UNINDEXED DRUG; VALSARTAN; VASOPRESSIN ANTAGONIST; XAMOTEROL;

EID: 0033916169     PISSN: 02684705     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00001573-200007000-00015     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (13)

References (85)
  • 1
    • 0033621141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms and models in heart failure: A combinatorial approach
    • 1 Mann DL: Mechanisms and models in heart failure: a combinatorial approach. Circulation 1999, 100:999-1008. Excellent in-depth review of heart failure pathophysiology and strategies for new therapies.
    • (1999) Circulation , vol.100 , pp. 999-1008
    • Mann, D.L.1
  • 2
    • 0028955321 scopus 로고
    • Overview of randomized trials of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors on mortality and morbidity in patients with heart failure
    • 2 Garg R, Yusuf S, for the Collaborative Group on ACE Inhibitor Trials: Overview of randomized trials of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors on mortality and morbidity in patients with heart failure. JAMA 1995, 273:1450-1456.
    • (1995) JAMA , vol.273 , pp. 1450-1456
    • Garg, R.1    Yusuf, S.2
  • 3
    • 0023266532 scopus 로고
    • Effects of enalapril on mortality in severe congestive heart failure: Results of the cooperative north Scandinavian enalapril survival study (CONSENSUS)
    • 3 CONSENSUS Trial Study Group: Effects of enalapril on mortality in severe congestive heart failure: results of the Cooperative North Scandinavian Enalapril Survival Study (CONSENSUS). N Engl J Med 1987, 316:1429-1435.
    • (1987) N Engl J Med , vol.316 , pp. 1429-1435
  • 4
    • 0025913812 scopus 로고
    • Effects of enalapril on survival in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction and congestive heart failure
    • 4 SOLVD Investigators. Effects of enalapril on survival in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction and congestive heart failure. N Engl J Med 1991, 325:293-302.
    • (1991) N Engl J Med , vol.325 , pp. 293-302
  • 5
    • 0026786643 scopus 로고
    • Effect of captopril on mortality and morbidity in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction. The results of the survival and ventricular enlargement (SAVE) trial
    • 5 Pfeffer MA, Braunwald E, Moye LA, et al.: Effect of captopril on mortality and morbidity in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction. The results of the Survival and Ventricular Enlargement (SAVE) trial. N Engl J Med 1992, 327:669-677.
    • (1992) N Engl J Med , vol.327 , pp. 669-677
    • Pfeffer, M.A.1    Braunwald, E.2    Moye, L.A.3
  • 6
    • 0027423378 scopus 로고
    • Effect of ramipril on mortality and morbidity of survivors of acute myocardial infarction with clinical evidence of heart failure
    • 6 AIRE (Acute Infarction Ramipril Efficacy) Study Investigators: Effect of ramipril on mortality and morbidity of survivors of acute myocardial infarction with clinical evidence of heart failure. Lancet 1993, 342:821-828.
    • (1993) Lancet , vol.342 , pp. 821-828
  • 7
    • 0033590646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consensus recommendations for the management of chronic heart failure
    • 7 Packer M, Cohn J, for the Steering Committee and Membership of the Advisory Council to Improve Outcomes Nationwide in Heart Failure: Consensus recommendations for the management of chronic heart failure. Am J Cardiol 1999, 83(2A):1A-38A.
    • (1999) Am J Cardiol , vol.83 , Issue.2 A
    • Packer, M.1    Cohn, J.2
  • 8
    • 0033534085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative effects of low and high doses of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, lisinopril, on morbidity and mortality in chronic heart failure
    • 8 Packer M, Poole-Wilson P, Armstrong P, et al., on behalf of the ATLAS Study Group: Comparative effects of low and high doses of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, lisinopril, on morbidity and mortality in chronic heart failure. Circulation 1999, 100:2312-2318. New data indicating benefits of a high dose ACE inhibitor over a low dose therapy in heart failure patients.
    • (1999) Circulation , vol.100 , pp. 2312-2318
    • Packer, M.1    Poole-Wilson, P.2    Armstrong, P.3
  • 9
    • 0034688194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of an angiotensin-converting-enzyme, ramipril, on cardiovascular events in high-risk patients
    • 9 The Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators: Effects of an angiotensin-converting-enzyme, ramipril, on cardiovascular events in high-risk patients. N Engl J Med 2000, 342:145-153. New data showing effectiveness of ACE inhibitor therapy on reducing cardiovascular events in high-risk patients without known low ejection fraction or heart failure.
    • (2000) N Engl J Med , vol.342 , pp. 145-153
  • 10
    • 0027457072 scopus 로고
    • Aldosterone and anti-aldosterone therapy in congestive heart failure
    • 10 Weber KT, Villareal D: Aldosterone and anti-aldosterone therapy in congestive heart failure. Am J Cardiol 1993, 71:3A-11A.
    • (1993) Am J Cardiol , vol.71
    • Weber, K.T.1    Villareal, D.2
  • 11
    • 0030096265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aldosterone escape during angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor therapy in chronic heart failure
    • 11 Struthers AD: Aldosterone escape during angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor therapy In chronic heart failure. J Cardiac Fail 1996, 2:47-54.
    • (1996) J Cardiac Fail , vol.2 , pp. 47-54
    • Struthers, A.D.1
  • 12
    • 0028860490 scopus 로고
    • Effects of adding spironolactone to an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor in chronic congestive heart failure secondary to coronary artery disease
    • 12 Barr CS, Lang CC, Hanson J, et al.: Effects of adding spironolactone to an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor in chronic congestive heart failure secondary to coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol 1995, 76:1259-1265.
    • (1995) Am J Cardiol , vol.76 , pp. 1259-1265
    • Barr, C.S.1    Lang, C.C.2    Hanson, J.3
  • 13
    • 0033517302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of spironolactone on morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure
    • 13 Pitt B, Zannad F, Remme WJ, et al., for the Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study Investigators: The effect of spironolactone on morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure. N Engl J Med 1999, 341:709-717. New data demonstrating effectiveness of spironolactone in reducing mortality and morbidity in patients with severe heart failure receiving standard triple therapy.
    • (1999) N Engl J Med , vol.341 , pp. 709-717
    • Pitt, B.1    Zannad, F.2    Remme, W.J.3
  • 14
    • 0033517358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aldosterone and spironolactone in heart failure
    • 14 Weber KT: Aldosterone and spironolactone in heart failure [editorial]. N Eng J Med 1999, 341:753-755.
    • (1999) N Eng J Med , vol.341 , pp. 753-755
    • Weber, K.T.1
  • 15
    • 4243407063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Survival benefits if spironolactone therapy may be explained by the limitation of the excessive extracellular matrix turnover in patients with CHF: Insights from the RALES Trial
    • 15 Zannad F, Alla F, Dousset B, Pitt B: Survival benefits if spironolactone therapy may be explained by the limitation of the excessive extracellular matrix turnover in patients with CHF: insights from the RALES Trial [abstract]. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000, 35(suppl. A): 203A.
    • (2000) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.35 , Issue.SUPPL. A
    • Zannad, F.1    Alla, F.2    Dousset, B.3    Pitt, B.4
  • 16
    • 0008608029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Jan. 26
    • 16 Searle healthNet/Press Releases. Jan. 26, 2000 http:www.searlehealth-net.com/pr/pr012600.html.
    • (2000)
  • 17
    • 0033989542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical implications of increased plasma angiotensin II despite ACE inhibitor therapy in patients with congestive heart failure
    • 17 Roig E, Perez-Villa F, Morales M, et al.: Clinical implications of increased plasma angiotensin II despite ACE inhibitor therapy in patients with congestive heart failure. Eur Heart J 2000, 21:53-57.
    • (2000) Eur Heart J , vol.21 , pp. 53-57
    • Roig, E.1    Perez-Villa, F.2    Morales, M.3
  • 18
    • 0023190820 scopus 로고
    • Cough associated with captopril and enalapril
    • 18 Coulter DM, Edwards IR: Cough associated with captopril and enalapril. Br Med J 1987, 294:1521-1523.
    • (1987) Br Med J , vol.294 , pp. 1521-1523
    • Coulter, D.M.1    Edwards, I.R.2
  • 19
    • 0031824536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Angiotensin II receptor antagonists for heart failure
    • 19 Struthers AD: Angiotensin II receptor antagonists for heart failure. Heart 1998, 80:5-6.
    • (1998) Heart , vol.80 , pp. 5-6
    • Struthers, A.D.1
  • 20
    • 0030902115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized trial of losartan versus captopril in patients over 65 with heart failure
    • 20 Pitt B, Segal R, Martinez FA, et al., on behalf of ELITE Study Investigators: Randomized trial of losartan versus captopril in patients over 65 with heart failure. Lancet 1997, 349:747-752.
    • (1997) Lancet , vol.349 , pp. 747-752
    • Pitt, B.1    Segal, R.2    Martinez, F.A.3
  • 21
    • 0008607412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Late breaking clinical trials
    • Atlanta, Georgia
    • 21 ELITE II Investigators: Late breaking clinical trials. American Heart Association Scientific Session. 1999 Atlanta, Georgia.
    • (1999) American Heart Association Scientific Session
  • 23
    • 6844252262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combination neurohormonal blockade with ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II antagonists and beta-blockers in patients with congestive heart failure: Design of the randomized evaluation of strategies for left ventricular dysfunction (RESOLVD) pilot study
    • 23 Tsuyuki RT, Yusuf S, Rouleau JL, et al., for the RESOLVD Pilot Study Investigators: Combination neurohormonal blockade with ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II antagonists and beta-blockers in patients with congestive heart failure: Design of the Randomized Evaluation of Strategies for Left Ventricular Dysfunction (RESOLVD) Pilot Study. Can J Cardiol 1997, 13(12):1166-1174.
    • (1997) Can J Cardiol , vol.13 , Issue.12 , pp. 1166-1174
    • Tsuyuki, R.T.1    Yusuf, S.2    Rouleau, J.L.3
  • 24
    • 0008545304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized evaluation of strategies for the left ventricular dysfunction results: Late breaking clinical trials
    • Orlando, Florida
    • 24 Yusuf S: Randomized Evaluation of Strategies for the Left Ventricular Dysfunction Results: Late breaking clinical trials. American Heart Association Scientific Session, 1997 Orlando, Florida.
    • (1997) American Heart Association Scientific Session
    • Yusuf, S.1
  • 25
    • 4243264815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Val-HeFT-valsartan in heart failure trial: Population characteristics
    • 25 Cohn JN, Tognoni G: Val-HeFT-Valsartan in heart failure trial: population characteristics [abstract]. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000, 35(Suppl. A):211A.
    • (2000) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.35 , Issue.SUPPL. A
    • Cohn, J.N.1    Tognoni, G.2
  • 26
    • 0032995724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rationale and design of the Valsartan Heart Failure Trial: A large multinational trial to assess the effects of valsartan, an angiotensin-receptor blocker, on morbidity and mortality in chronic congestive heart failure
    • 26 Cohn JN, Tognoni G, Glazer RD, et al.: Rationale and design of the Valsartan Heart Failure Trial: a large multinational trial to assess the effects of valsartan, an angiotensin-receptor blocker, on morbidity and mortality in chronic congestive heart failure. J Card Fail 1999, 5:155-160.
    • (1999) J Card Fail , vol.5 , pp. 155-160
    • Cohn, J.N.1    Tognoni, G.2    Glazer, R.D.3
  • 27
    • 0033989031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiac protection: Evolving role of angiotensin receptor blockers
    • 27 Califf RM, Cohn JN: Cardiac protection: evolving role of angiotensin receptor blockers. Am Heart J 2000, 139:S15-S22.
    • (2000) Am Heart J , vol.139
    • Califf, R.M.1    Cohn, J.N.2
  • 28
    • 0008542710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the effects of losartan and captopril on mortality in patients following acute myocardial infarction: The OPTIMAAL trial design. Optimal trial in myocardial infarction with the Angiotensin II antagonist Losartan
    • 28 Dickstein K, Kjeshus J, for the OPTIMAAL study group: Comparison of the effects of losartan and captopril on mortality in patients following acute myocardial infarction: the OPTIMAAL trial design. Optimal Trial In Myocardial infarction with the Angiotensin II Antagonist Losartan. Am J Cardiol 1999, 83:825-881.
    • (1999) Am J Cardiol , vol.83 , pp. 825-881
    • Dickstein, K.1    Kjeshus, J.2
  • 29
    • 0033987657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhancing cardiac protection after myocardial infarction: Rationale for newer clinical trials of angiotensin receptor blockers
    • 29 Pfeffer MA: Enhancing cardiac protection after myocardial infarction: rationale for newer clinical trials of angiotensin receptor blockers. Am Heart J 2000, 139:S23-S28.
    • (2000) Am Heart J , vol.139
    • Pfeffer, M.A.1
  • 30
    • 0016701034 scopus 로고
    • Effect of chronic beta-adrenergic receptor blockade in congestive cardiomyopathy
    • 30 Waagstein F, Hjalmarson A, Varnauskas E, Wallentin I: Effect of chronic beta-adrenergic receptor blockade in congestive cardiomyopathy. Br Heart J 1975, 37:1022-1036.
    • (1975) Br Heart J , vol.37 , pp. 1022-1036
    • Waagstein, F.1    Hjalmarson, A.2    Varnauskas, E.3    Wallentin, I.4
  • 31
    • 0021194420 scopus 로고
    • Plasma norepinephrine as a guide to prognosis in patients with chronic congestive heart failure
    • 31 Cohn JN, Levine B, Olivari MT, et al.: Plasma norepinephrine as a guide to prognosis in patients with chronic congestive heart failure. N Eng J Med 1984, 311:819-823.
    • (1984) N Eng J Med , vol.311 , pp. 819-823
    • Cohn, J.N.1    Levine, B.2    Olivari, M.T.3
  • 32
    • 0022980843 scopus 로고
    • Beta 1 and beta 2-adrenergic subpopulations in nonfailing and failing human myocardium: Coupling of both receptor subtypes to muscle contraction and selective beta-1 receptor downregulation in heart failure
    • 32 Bristow MR, Ginsburg R, Umans V, et al.: Beta 1 and beta 2-adrenergic subpopulations in nonfailing and failing human myocardium: coupling of both receptor subtypes to muscle contraction and selective beta-1 receptor downregulation in heart failure. Cir Res 1989, 59:297-309.
    • (1989) Cir Res , vol.59 , pp. 297-309
    • Bristow, M.R.1    Ginsburg, R.2    Umans, V.3
  • 33
    • 0030738423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of beta-blockade on mortality in patients with heart failure: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
    • 33 Heidenreich PA, Lee TT, Massie BM: Effect of beta-blockade on mortality in patients with heart failure: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. J Am Coll Cardiol 1997, 30:27-34.
    • (1997) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.30 , pp. 27-34
    • Heidenreich, P.A.1    Lee, T.T.2    Massie, B.M.3
  • 34
    • 0032558449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical effects of beta-adrenergic blockade in chronic heart failure: A meta-analysis of double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trials
    • 34 Lechat P, Packer M, Chalon S, et al.: Clinical effects of beta-adrenergic blockade in chronic heart failure: a meta-analysis of double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trials. Circulation 1998, 98:1184-1191.
    • (1998) Circulation , vol.98 , pp. 1184-1191
    • Lechat, P.1    Packer, M.2    Chalon, S.3
  • 35
    • 0029937949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of carvedilol on morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic heart failure
    • 35 Packer M, Bristow MR, Cohn JN, et al., for the U.S. Carvedilol Heart Failure Study Group: The effect of carvedilol on morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic heart failure. N Engl J Med 1996, 334:1349-1355. Data from studies indicating significant benefits of carvedilol on mortality, morbidity, and ejection fraction.
    • (1996) N Engl J Med , vol.334 , pp. 1349-1355
    • Packer, M.1    Bristow, M.R.2    Cohn, J.N.3
  • 36
    • 0027135308 scopus 로고
    • Beneficial effects of metoprolol in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy
    • 36 Waagstein F, Bristow MR, Swedberg K, et al., for the Metoprolol in Dilated Cardiomyopathy (MDC) Trial Study Group: Beneficial effects of metoprolol in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Lancet 1993, 342:1441-46.
    • (1993) Lancet , vol.342 , pp. 1441-1446
    • Waagstein, F.1    Bristow, M.R.2    Swedberg, K.3
  • 37
    • 0028092116 scopus 로고
    • A randomized trial of beta-blockade in heart failure: The Cardiac Insufficiency Bisoprolol Study
    • 37 CIBIS Investigators and Committees: A randomized trial of beta-blockade in heart failure: the Cardiac Insufficiency Bisoprolol Study. Circulation 1994, 90:1765-1773.
    • (1994) Circulation , vol.90 , pp. 1765-1773
  • 38
    • 10544231452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carvedilol inhibits clinical progression in patients with mild symptoms of heart failure
    • 996
    • 38 Colucci WS, Packer M, Bristow MR, et al., for the US Heart Failure Study Group: Carvedilol inhibits clinical progression in patients with mild symptoms of Heart Failure. Circulation 996, 94:2800-2806.
    • Circulation , vol.94 , pp. 2800-2806
    • Colucci, W.S.1    Packer, M.2    Bristow, M.R.3
  • 39
    • 10544251442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the effects of carvedilol in patients with moderate to severe heart failure. The PRECISE Trial
    • 39 Packer M, Colucci WS, Sackner-Bernstein JD, et al., for the PRECISE Study Group: Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the effects of carvedilol in patients with moderate to severe heart failure. The PRECISE Trial. Circulation 1996, 94:2793-2799.
    • (1996) Circulation , vol.94 , pp. 2793-2799
    • Packer, M.1    Colucci, W.S.2    Sackner-Bernstein, J.D.3
  • 40
    • 0000987062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of carvedilol in severe chronic heart failure
    • 40 Cohn JN, Fowler MB, Bristow MR, et al., for the Carvedilol Heart Failure Study Group: effect of carvedilol in severe chronic heart failure [abstract], J Am J Cardiol 1996, 27:169A.
    • (1996) J Am J Cardiol , vol.27
    • Cohn, J.N.1    Fowler, M.B.2    Bristow, M.R.3
  • 41
    • 10544223267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carvedilol produces dose-related improvements in left ventricular function and survival in subjects with chronic heart failure
    • 41 Bristow MR, Gilbert EM, Abraham WT, et al., for the MOCHA Investigators: Carvedilol produces dose-related improvements in left ventricular function and survival in subjects with chronic heart failure. Circulation 1996, 94:2807-2816.
    • (1996) Circulation , vol.94 , pp. 2807-2816
    • Bristow, M.R.1    Gilbert, E.M.2    Abraham, W.T.3
  • 42
    • 0031050642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized, placebo controlled trial of carvedilol in patients with congestive heart failure due to ischemic heart disease
    • 42 Australia/New Zealand Heart Failure Research Collaborative Group: Randomized, placebo controlled trial of carvedilol in patients with congestive heart failure due to ischemic heart disease. Lancet 1997, 349:375-380.
    • (1997) Lancet , vol.349 , pp. 375-380
  • 43
    • 0032939391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurohumoral prediction of benefit from carvedilol in ischemic left ventricular dysfunction
    • 43 Richards AM, Doughty R, Nicholls MG, et al., for the Australia-New Zealand Heart Failure Group: Neurohumoral prediction of benefit from carvedilol in ischemic left ventricular dysfunction. Circulation 1999, 99:786-792.
    • (1999) Circulation , vol.99 , pp. 786-792
    • Richards, A.M.1    Doughty, R.2    Nicholls, M.G.3
  • 44
    • 0033549290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of metoprolol CR/XL in chronic heart failure: metoprolol CR/XL randomized intervention trial in congestive heart failure (MERIT-HF)
    • 44 MERIT-HF Study Group: Effect of metoprolol CR/XL in chronic heart failure: metoprolol CR/XL Randomized Intervention Trial in Congestive Heart Failure (MERIT-HF). Lancet 1999, 353:2001-2007. Data from the study demonstrating benefits of metoprolol CR/XL on survival and morbidity in patients with heart failure.
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.353 , pp. 2001-2007
  • 45
    • 0033514046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized trial
    • 45 CIBIS-II Investigators and Committees: The cardiac insufficiency Study II (CIBIS-II): a randomized trial. Lancet 1999, 353:9-13. Data from the study showing benefits of bisoprolol on mortality and morbidity in heart failure patients.
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.353 , pp. 9-13
  • 46
    • 0008579103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BEST (beta blocker evaluation of survival trial)
    • 46 Progress in Clinical Trials: BEST (Beta blocker Evaluation of Survival Trial). Clin Cardiol 2000, 23:56-58.
    • (2000) Clin Cardiol , vol.23 , pp. 56-58
  • 47
    • 0034620523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta-adrenergic receptor blockade in chronic heart failure
    • 47 Bristow MR: Beta-adrenergic receptor blockade in chronic heart failure. Circulation 2000, 101:558-569. Excellent in-depth review of the role of beta-adrenergic blockade in heart failure.
    • (2000) Circulation , vol.101 , pp. 558-569
    • Bristow, M.R.1
  • 49
    • 0022623381 scopus 로고
    • Effects of vasodilator therapy on mortality in chronic congestive heart failure
    • 49 Cohn JN, Archibald DG, Ziesche S, et al.: Effects of vasodilator therapy on mortality in chronic congestive heart failure. N Engl J Med 1986, 314:1547-1552.
    • (1986) N Engl J Med , vol.314 , pp. 1547-1552
    • Cohn, J.N.1    Archibald, D.G.2    Ziesche, S.3
  • 50
    • 0026770613 scopus 로고
    • Digitalis and neurohormonal abnormalities in heart failure and implications for therapy
    • 50 Ferguson DW: Digitalis and neurohormonal abnormalities in heart failure and implications for therapy. Am J Cardiol 1992, 69(suppl):24G-32G.
    • (1992) Am J Cardiol , vol.69 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Ferguson, D.W.1
  • 51
    • 0031051347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of digoxin on mortality and morbidity in patients with heart failure
    • 51 The Digitalis Investigation Group: The effect of digoxin on mortality and morbidity in patients with heart failure. N Engl J Med 1997, 336:525-533. Data from the large study showing neutral effect of digoxin on mortality but beneficial effect on morbidity.
    • (1997) N Engl J Med , vol.336 , pp. 525-533
  • 52
    • 0003112061 scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of end-stage heart disease
    • Edited by Hogness JR, Van Antwerp M. Washington, D.C.: National Academic Press
    • 52 Funk M: Epidemiology of end-stage heart disease. In: The Artificial Heart: Prototypes, Policies, and Patients. Edited by Hogness JR, Van Antwerp M. Washington, D.C.: National Academic Press, 1991:251-261.
    • (1991) The Artificial Heart: Prototypes, Policies, and Patients , pp. 251-261
    • Funk, M.1
  • 53
    • 0002807086 scopus 로고
    • Intermittent dobutamine in ambulatory outpatients with chronic cardiac failure
    • 53 Dies F, Krell MJ, Whitlow P, et al.: Intermittent dobutamine in ambulatory outpatients with chronic cardiac failure [abstract]. Circulation 1986, 74(suppl 11):11-38.
    • (1986) Circulation , vol.74 , Issue.SUPPL. 11 , pp. 11-38
    • Dies, F.1    Krell, M.J.2    Whitlow, P.3
  • 54
    • 0025279763 scopus 로고
    • Xamoterol in severe heart failure
    • 54 The Xamoterol in Severe Heart Failure Study Group: Xamoterol in severe heart failure. Lancet 1990, 336:1-6.
    • (1990) Lancet , vol.336 , pp. 1-6
  • 55
    • 8244241095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized study of effect of ibopamine on survival in patients with advanced severe heart failure
    • 55 Hampton JR, van Veldhuisen DJ, Kleber FX, et al., for the Second Prospective Randomized Study of Ibopamine on Mortality and Efficacy (PRIME II) Investigators: Randomized study of effect of ibopamine on survival in patients with advanced severe heart failure. Lancet 1997, 349:971-977.
    • (1997) Lancet , vol.349 , pp. 971-977
    • Hampton, J.R.1    Van Veldhuisen, D.J.2    Kleber, F.X.3
  • 56
    • 0026072848 scopus 로고
    • Effects of oral milrinone on mortality in severe chronic heart failure
    • 56 Packer M, Carver JR, Rodeheffer RJ, et al., for the PROMISE Study Research Group: Effects of oral milrinone on mortality in severe chronic heart failure. N Engl J Med 1991, 325:1468-1475.
    • (1991) N Engl J Med , vol.325 , pp. 1468-1475
    • Packer, M.1    Carver, J.R.2    Rodeheffer, R.J.3
  • 57
    • 0032542385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A dose-dependant increase in mortality with vesnarinone among patients with severe heart failure
    • 57 Cohn JN, Goldstein SO, Greenberg BH, et al., for the Vesnarinone Trial Investigators: A dose-dependant increase in mortality with vesnarinone among patients with severe heart failure. N Engl J Med 1998, 339:1810-1816.
    • (1998) N Engl J Med , vol.339 , pp. 1810-1816
    • Cohn, J.N.1    Goldstein, S.O.2    Greenberg, B.H.3
  • 58
    • 0000476075 scopus 로고
    • Effects of flosequinan on survival in chronic heart failure: Preliminary results of the PROFILE study
    • 58 Packer M, Rouleau JL, Swedberg K, et al., for the PROFILE Investigators and Coordinators: Effects of flosequinan on survival in chronic heart failure: preliminary results of the PROFILE study [abstract]. Circulation 1993, 88(suppl 1):1-301.
    • (1993) Circulation , vol.88 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 1-301
    • Packer, M.1    Rouleau, J.L.2    Swedberg, K.3
  • 59
    • 0010451483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outcomes of a prospective trial of intravenous milrinone for exacerbations of chronic heart failure: OPTIME-CHF. Late-breaking clinical trial results
    • Anaheim, CA
    • 59 Gheorghiade M: Outcomes of a prospective trial of intravenous milrinone for exacerbations of chronic heart failure: OPTIME-CHF. Late-Breaking Clinical Trial Results. American College of Cardiology Scientific Session 2000, Anaheim, CA.
    • (2000) American College of Cardiology Scientific Session
    • Gheorghiade, M.1
  • 60
    • 0033600169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Positive inotropy by calcium sensitization: An evolving approach for the treatment of end-stage heart failure
    • 60 Papp JG: Positive inotropy by calcium sensitization: an evolving approach for the treatment of end-stage heart failure. Am J Cardiol 1999; 83(12B):11-13.
    • (1999) Am J Cardiol , vol.83 , Issue.12 B , pp. 11-13
    • Papp, J.G.1
  • 61
    • 0002527221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of intravenous levosimendan in severe low out-put heart failure: A randomized, double-blind comparison to dobutamine (the LIDO Study)
    • 61 Follath F, Cleland JFG, Just H, et al.: Efficacy and safety of intravenous levosimendan in severe low out-put heart failure: a randomized, double-blind comparison to dobutamine (the LIDO Study) [abstract]. J Card Fail 1999, 5(suppl 1):57.
    • (1999) J Card Fail , vol.5 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 57
    • Follath, F.1    Cleland, J.F.G.2    Just, H.3
  • 63
    • 0008577604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized study on safety and effectiveness of levosimendan in patients with left ventricular failure after an acute myocardial infarction
    • 63 Moiseyev VS, Andrejevs N, Lehtonen LA, et al.: The RUSSLAN Study Group: randomized study on safety and effectiveness of levosimendan in patients with left ventricular failure after an acute myocardial infarction [abstract] J Card Fail 1999, 5(suppl 1):43.
    • (1999) J Card Fail , vol.5 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 43
    • Moiseyev, V.S.1    Andrejevs, N.2    Lehtonen, L.A.3
  • 64
    • 0029790650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diltiazem improves cardiac function and exercise capacity in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy: Results of the Diltiazem in Dilated Cardiomyopathy Trial
    • 64 Figulla HR, Gietzen F, Zeymer U, et al., for the DiDi Study Group: Diltiazem improves cardiac function and exercise capacity in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy: results of the Diltiazem in Dilated Cardiomyopathy Trial. Circulation 1996, 94:3467-3352.
    • (1996) Circulation , vol.94 , pp. 3467-13352
    • Figulla, H.R.1    Gietzen, F.2    Zeymer, U.3
  • 65
    • 0007410805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of amlodipine on morbidity and mortality in severe chronic heart failure
    • 65 Packer M, O'Connor CM, Ghali JK, et al., for the Prospective Randomized Amlodipine Survival Study Group: Effect of amlodipine on morbidity and mortality in severe chronic heart failure. N Engl J Med 1996, 335:1107-1114.
    • (1996) N Engl J Med , vol.335 , pp. 1107-1114
    • Packer, M.1    O'Connor, C.M.2    Ghali, J.K.3
  • 66
    • 0030835847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of the calcium antagonist felodipine as supplementary vasodilator therapy in patients with chronic heart failure treated with enalapril. V-HEFT III
    • 66 Cohn JN, Ziesche S, Smith R, et al., for the Vasodilator-Heart Failure (V-HeFT) Study Group. Effects of the calcium antagonist felodipine as supplementary vasodilator therapy in patients with chronic heart failure treated with enalapril. V-HEFT III. Circulation 1997;96: 856-863
    • (1997) Circulation , vol.96 , pp. 856-863
    • Cohn, J.N.1    Ziesche, S.2    Smith, R.3
  • 67
    • 0034700973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of mibefradil, a T-type calcium channel blocker on morbidity and mortality in moderate to severe congestive heart failure. The MACH-1 Study
    • 67 Levine TB, Bernink PJLM, Caspi A, et al.: Effect of mibefradil, a T-type calcium channel blocker on morbidity and mortality in moderate to severe congestive heart failure. The MACH-1 Study. Circulation 2000, 101:758-764.
    • (2000) Circulation , vol.101 , pp. 758-764
    • Levine, T.B.1    Pjlm, B.2    Caspi, A.3
  • 68
    • 0008572411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective Randomized Amlodipine Survival Study-2. Late-breaking clinical trial results
    • Anaheim, CA
    • 68 Packer M: Prospective Randomized Amlodipine Survival Study-2. Late-breaking clinical trial results. American College of Cardiology Scientific Session, 2000, Anaheim, CA.
    • (2000) American College of Cardiology Scientific Session
    • Packer, M.1
  • 69
    • 0002322925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beneficial effects of vasopeptidase inhibition on mortality and morbidity in heart failure: Evidence from the Omapatrilat Heart Failure Program
    • 69 Kostis JB, Rouleau JL, Pfeffer MA, et al., for the Omapatrilat Heart Failure Investigators: Beneficial effects of vasopeptidase inhibition on mortality and morbidity in heart failure: evidence from the Omapatrilat Heart Failure Program [abstract]. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000, 35(suppl A):240A.
    • (2000) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.35 , Issue.SUPPL. A
    • Kostis, J.B.1    Rouleau, J.L.2    Pfeffer, M.A.3
  • 70
    • 0000944579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and efficacy of ENBREL (Etanercept) in the treatment of chronic heart failure
    • 70 Bozkurt B, Torre-Amione G, Soran OZ, et al.: Safety and efficacy of ENBREL (Etanercept) in the treatment of chronic heart failure [abstract]. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000, 35(suppl A):240A.
    • (2000) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.35 , Issue.SUPPL. A
    • Bozkurt, B.1    Torre-Amione, G.2    Soran, O.Z.3
  • 71
    • 0033081764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytokine network in congestive heart failure secondary to ischemic or idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy
    • 71 Aukrust P, Ueland T, Lien E, et al.: Cytokine network in congestive heart failure secondary to ischemic or idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol 1999, 83:376-382.
    • (1999) Am J Cardiol , vol.83 , pp. 376-382
    • Aukrust, P.1    Ueland, T.2    Lien, E.3
  • 72
    • 0033584460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormones and hemodynamics in heart failure
    • 72 Schrier RW, Abraham WT: Hormones and hemodynamics in heart failure. N Engl J Med 1999, 341:577-585. Comprehensive review of neurohumoral changes in heart failure.
    • (1999) N Engl J Med , vol.341 , pp. 577-585
    • Schrier, R.W.1    Abraham, W.T.2
  • 73
    • 0031746435 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systemic, neurohormonal, and renal effects of a steady-state infusion of human brain natriuretic peptide in patients with hemodynamically decompensated heart failure
    • 73 Abraham WT, Lowes BD, Ferguson DA, et al.: Systemic, neurohormonal, and renal effects of a steady-state infusion of human brain natriuretic peptide in patients with hemodynamically decompensated heart failure. J Card Fail 1998, 4:37-44.
    • (1998) J Card Fail , vol.4 , pp. 37-44
    • Abraham, W.T.1    Lowes, B.D.2    Ferguson, D.A.3
  • 74
    • 0019861237 scopus 로고
    • Radio immunoassay of plasma arginine vasopressin in hyponatremic patients with congestive heart failure
    • 74 Szatalowicz VL, Arnold PE, Chaimovitz C, et al.: Radio immunoassay of plasma arginine vasopressin in hyponatremic patients with congestive heart failure. N Engl J Med 1981, 305:263-266.
    • (1981) N Engl J Med , vol.305 , pp. 263-266
    • Szatalowicz, V.L.1    Arnold, P.E.2    Chaimovitz, C.3
  • 75
    • 0000024085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of an oral, nonpeptide, selective V2 receptor antagonist in patients with chronic heart failure
    • 75 Abraham WT, Oren RM, Crisman TS, et al.: Effects of an oral, nonpeptide, selective V2 receptor antagonist in patients with chronic heart failure [abstract]. J Am Coll Cardiol 1997, 29(suppl A):169A.
    • (1997) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.29 , Issue.SUPPL. A
    • Abraham, W.T.1    Oren, R.M.2    Crisman, T.S.3
  • 76
    • 0033537345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endothelin antagonists
    • 76 Benigni A, Remuzzi G: Endothelin antagonists. Lancet 1999, 353:133-138.
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.353 , pp. 133-138
    • Benigni, A.1    Remuzzi, G.2
  • 78
    • 4243261494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of immunomodulating therapy with intravenous immunoglobulin in chronic heart failure
    • 78 Gullestad L, Aass H, Fjeld J, et al.: Effect of immunomodulating therapy with intravenous immunoglobulin in chronic heart failure [abstract]. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000, 35(suppl A):240A.
    • (2000) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.35 , Issue.SUPPL. A
    • Gullestad, L.1    Aass, H.2    Fjeld, J.3
  • 79
    • 0027294783 scopus 로고
    • Incidence of thromboembolic events in congestive heart failure
    • 79 Dunkman WB, Johnson GR, Carson PE, et al.: Incidence of thromboembolic events in congestive heart failure. Circulation 1993, 87:VI94-VI101.
    • (1993) Circulation , vol.87
    • Dunkman, W.B.1    Johnson, G.R.2    Carson, P.E.3
  • 80
    • 1842295207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ventricular dysfunction and the risk of stroke after myocardial infarction
    • 997
    • 80 Loh E, Sutton MS, Wun CC, et al.: Ventricular dysfunction and the risk of stroke after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 997, 336:251-257.
    • N Engl J Med , vol.336 , pp. 251-257
    • Loh, E.1    Sutton, M.S.2    Wun, C.C.3
  • 81
    • 0031007187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy in heart failure
    • 81 Cleland JGF: Anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy in heart failure. Curr Opin Cardiol 1997, 12:276-287.
    • (1997) Curr Opin Cardiol , vol.12 , pp. 276-287
    • Cleland, J.G.F.1
  • 82
    • 0002109681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Warfarin and antiplatelet therapy study in chronic heart failure (WATCH): Trial design
    • 82 Massie B, Armstrong P, Cleland JGF, et al.: Warfarin and antiplatelet therapy study in chronic heart failure (WATCH): trial design [abstract]. J Card Fail 1999, 5(suppl 1):48.
    • (1999) J Card Fail , vol.5 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 48
    • Massie, B.1    Armstrong, P.2    Cleland, J.G.F.3
  • 83
    • 0033086883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The WASH Study (Warfarin/Aspirin Study in Heart Failure) rationale, design and end-points
    • 83 The WASH Study Committee and Investigators: The WASH Study (Warfarin/Aspirin Study in Heart Failure) rationale, design and end-points. Eur J Heart Failure 1999, 1:95-99.
    • (1999) Eur J Heart Failure , vol.1 , pp. 95-99
  • 84
    • 0001553408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sudden cardiac death in heart failure trial pilot study
    • 84 Brady GH, Kerry LL, Mark DB, et al., and the SCD-HeFT Pilot Investigators: Sudden Cardiac Death in Heart Failure trial pilot study [abstract]. PACE 1997, 20(II):1148.
    • (1997) PACE , vol.20 , Issue.2 , pp. 1148
    • Brady, G.H.1    Kerry, L.L.2    Mark, D.B.3
  • 85
    • 18544408580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heart failure treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in hospitalized Medicare patients in 10 large states
    • 85 The Large State Peer Review Organization Consortium: Heart failure treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in hospitalized Medicare patients in 10 large states. Arch Intern Med 1997, 157:1103-1108.
    • (1997) Arch Intern Med , vol.157 , pp. 1103-1108


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.