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6744244941
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note
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Titration of vesicles incorporating 0.16 mol % of biotin-X DHPE with fluorescent BODIPY-labeled avidin or streptavidin (Molecular Probes, Eugene, OR) showed that the fluorescence intensity increased linearly up to a streptavidin to total biotin-lipid mole ratio between 1:8 and 1:9 at which point the fluorescence saturated. As streptavidin has four binding sites per molecule, this shows that roughly one-half of the total biotin-lipids were exposed on the outside of the vesicle. This is consistent with the expected complete miscibility of the biotin-X DHPE with the vesicle phospholipids, leading to a statistical distribution of the biotin-lipid between the inside and outside of the vesicles.
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6744253743
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note
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B is Boltzman's constant, T is absolute temperature, and η is the solvent viscosity. For ligand-receptor induced aggregation, a much lower rate constant than the diffusion limited one is expected due to the steric requirements of the ligand-receptor bond; the effective rate constant is sometimes written as k = Kσ, in which σ is the probability that a collision will result in binding. σ increases with the biotin-lipid fraction in the vesicle membrane. More complex models have been used to explain the details of the size distributions obtained in diffusion and reaction-limited aggregation (See Lin et al., refs 14 and 15). However, for this model, only the early stages of aggregation are important which are dominated by the reaction limited kinetics, and we assume the simple form of the equations.
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22
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6744270420
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note
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j are set equal (in the same level of approximation as the original Smolukowski equation), the equations are greatly simplified and an analytical solution is possible.
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23
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6744275646
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note
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1, δ decreases relative to R and θ → 1 faster (eq 6).
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24
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6744234121
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note
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β must start out equal to 1, then decrease to a lower value that likely depends on the streptavidin/biotin ratio. However, good agreement with the fluorescence data (Figure 5) is obtained with δ treated as a fitting parameter, suggesting that β approaches a steady state value.
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