메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 24, Issue 6, 2000, Pages 581-604

The eyes have it: The neuroethology, function and evolution of social gaze

Author keywords

Amygdala; Autism; Emotion; Evolution; Eye contact; Eye gaze; Face; Gaze following; Joint attention; Neurophysiology; Social cognition; Temporal cortex; Theory of mind

Indexed keywords

AMYGDALOID NUCLEUS; EMOTION; ENVIRONMENT; ETHOLOGY; EVOLUTION; EYE MOVEMENT; FACIAL EXPRESSION; GAZE; HUMAN; NEUROBIOLOGY; NONHUMAN; ORBITAL CORTEX; PRIMATE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SOCIAL INTERACTION;

EID: 0033886370     PISSN: 01497634     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0149-7634(00)00025-7     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (1538)

References (160)
  • 2
    • 0008585657 scopus 로고
    • What is a face? Electrophysiological responsiveness of human extrastriate visual cortex to human faces, face components and animal faces
    • Allison T., McCarthy G., Belger A., Puce A., Luby M., Spencer D.D., Bentin S. What is a face? Electrophysiological responsiveness of human extrastriate visual cortex to human faces, face components and animal faces. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 20:1994;316.
    • (1994) Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. , vol.20 , pp. 316
    • Allison, T.1    McCarthy, G.2    Belger, A.3    Puce, A.4    Luby, M.5    Spencer, D.D.6    Bentin, S.7
  • 3
    • 0029980849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rhesus monkeys fail to use gaze direction as an experimenter-given cue in an object-choice task
    • Anderson J.R., Montant M., Schmitt D. Rhesus monkeys fail to use gaze direction as an experimenter-given cue in an object-choice task. Behav. Proc. 37:1996;47-55.
    • (1996) Behav. Proc. , vol.37 , pp. 47-55
    • Anderson, J.R.1    Montant, M.2    Schmitt, D.3
  • 4
    • 0000276960 scopus 로고
    • Use of experimenter-given cues during object-choice tasks by capuchin monkeys
    • Anderson J.R., Sallaberry P., Barbier H. Use of experimenter-given cues during object-choice tasks by capuchin monkeys. Anim. Behav. 49:1995;201-208.
    • (1995) Anim. Behav. , vol.49 , pp. 201-208
    • Anderson, J.R.1    Sallaberry, P.2    Barbier, H.3
  • 5
    • 0033023060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Macaques, but not lemurs co-orient visually with humans
    • Anderson J.R., Mitchell R.W. Macaques, but not lemurs co-orient visually with humans. Folia primatol. 70:1999;17-22.
    • (1999) Folia Primatol. , vol.70 , pp. 17-22
    • Anderson, J.R.1    Mitchell, R.W.2
  • 6
    • 0001604553 scopus 로고
    • Evolution of facial expression
    • Andrew R.J. Evolution of facial expression. Science. 142:1963;1034-1041.
    • (1963) Science , vol.142 , pp. 1034-1041
    • Andrew, R.J.1
  • 7
    • 0002103533 scopus 로고
    • The origin and evolution of the calls and facial expressions of the primates
    • Andrew R.J. The origin and evolution of the calls and facial expressions of the primates. Behaviour. 20:1963;1-109.
    • (1963) Behaviour , vol.20 , pp. 1-109
    • Andrew, R.J.1
  • 8
    • 0028342512 scopus 로고
    • Medial temporal lobe structures and autism: A review of clinical and experimental findings
    • Bachevalier J. Medial temporal lobe structures and autism: a review of clinical and experimental findings. Neuropsychologia. 32:1994;627-648.
    • (1994) Neuropsychologia , vol.32 , pp. 627-648
    • Bachevalier, J.1
  • 9
    • 0000805322 scopus 로고
    • How to build a baby that can read minds: Cognitive mechanisms in mindreading
    • Baron-Cohen S. How to build a baby that can read minds: Cognitive mechanisms in mindreading. Cahiers de Psychol. Cog. 13:1994;513-552.
    • (1994) Cahiers de Psychol. Cog. , vol.13 , pp. 513-552
    • Baron-Cohen, S.1
  • 13
    • 0028109872 scopus 로고
    • Recognition of mental state terms: Clinical findings in children with autism, and a functional imaging study of normal adults
    • Baron-Cohen S., Ring H., Moriarty J., Schmitz B., Costa D., Ell P. Recognition of mental state terms: clinical findings in children with autism, and a functional imaging study of normal adults. Br. J. Psychiatry. 165:1995;640-649.
    • (1995) Br. J. Psychiatry , vol.165 , pp. 640-649
    • Baron-Cohen, S.1    Ring, H.2    Moriarty, J.3    Schmitz, B.4    Costa, D.5    Ell, P.6
  • 15
    • 0001271295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is there a "language of the eyes"? Evidence from normal adults, and adults with autism or Asperger's syndrome
    • Baron-Cohen S., Wheelwright S., Jolliffe T. Is there a "language of the eyes"? Evidence from normal adults, and adults with autism or Asperger's syndrome. Visual Cognition. 4:1997;311-331.
    • (1997) Visual Cognition , vol.4 , pp. 311-331
    • Baron-Cohen, S.1    Wheelwright, S.2    Jolliffe, T.3
  • 16
    • 0021838287 scopus 로고
    • Histoanatomic observations of the brain in early infantile autism
    • Bauman M., Kemper T.L. Histoanatomic observations of the brain in early infantile autism. Neurology. 35:1985;866-874.
    • (1985) Neurology , vol.35 , pp. 866-874
    • Bauman, M.1    Kemper, T.L.2
  • 18
    • 0344363819 scopus 로고
    • The behavioural repertoire of the stumptail macaque: A descriptive and comparative study
    • Bertrand M. The behavioural repertoire of the stumptail macaque: a descriptive and comparative study. Biblio. Primatol. 11:1969;1-273.
    • (1969) Biblio. Primatol. , vol.11 , pp. 1-273
    • Bertrand, M.1
  • 20
    • 0027376129 scopus 로고
    • Medial temporal neurons in the macaque monkey with responses selective for aspects of social stimuli
    • Brothers L., Ring B. Medial temporal neurons in the macaque monkey with responses selective for aspects of social stimuli. Behav. Brain Res. 57:1993;53-61.
    • (1993) Behav. Brain Res. , vol.57 , pp. 53-61
    • Brothers, L.1    Ring, B.2
  • 21
    • 0025652045 scopus 로고
    • Response of neurons in the macaque amygdala to complex social stimuli
    • Brothers L., Ring B., Kling A. Response of neurons in the macaque amygdala to complex social stimuli. Behav. Brain Res. 41:1990;199-213.
    • (1990) Behav. Brain Res. , vol.41 , pp. 199-213
    • Brothers, L.1    Ring, B.2    Kling, A.3
  • 22
    • 0019404931 scopus 로고
    • Visual properties of neurons in a polysensory area in superior temporal sulcus of the macaque
    • Bruce C., Desimone R., Gross C.G. Visual properties of neurons in a polysensory area in superior temporal sulcus of the macaque. J. Neurophysiol. 46:1981;369-384.
    • (1981) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.46 , pp. 369-384
    • Bruce, C.1    Desimone, R.2    Gross, C.G.3
  • 23
    • 0026266744 scopus 로고
    • Role of predator eye size in risk perception by basking black iguanas (Ctenosaura similis)
    • Burger J., Gochfield M., Murray B.G. Role of predator eye size in risk perception by basking black iguanas (Ctenosaura similis). Anim. Behav. 42:1991;471-476.
    • (1991) Anim. Behav. , vol.42 , pp. 471-476
    • Burger, J.1    Gochfield, M.2    Murray, B.G.3
  • 24
    • 0002954949 scopus 로고
    • Risk discrimination of eye contact and directness of approach in black iguanas (Ctenosaura similis)
    • Burger J., Gochfeld M., Murray B.G. Risk discrimination of eye contact and directness of approach in black iguanas (Ctenosaura similis). J. Comp. Psych. 106:1992;97-101.
    • (1992) J. Comp. Psych. , vol.106 , pp. 97-101
    • Burger, J.1    Gochfeld, M.2    Murray, B.G.3
  • 25
    • 0002133872 scopus 로고
    • Cognitive ethology and critical anthropomorphism: A snake with two heads and hog-nosed snakes that play dead
    • C.A. Ristau. Hillside, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum
    • Burghardt G.M. Cognitive ethology and critical anthropomorphism: a snake with two heads and hog-nosed snakes that play dead. Ristau C.A. Cognitive Ethology: The minds of other animals. 1990;Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillside, NJ.
    • (1990) Cognitive Ethology: The Minds of Other Animals
    • Burghardt, G.M.1
  • 26
    • 0000756539 scopus 로고
    • Predator simulation and duration of death feigning in neonate hognose snakes
    • Burghardt G.M., Greene H.W. Predator simulation and duration of death feigning in neonate hognose snakes. Anim. Behav. 36:1990;1842-1844.
    • (1990) Anim. Behav. , vol.36 , pp. 1842-1844
    • Burghardt, G.M.1    Greene, H.W.2
  • 27
    • 0001605571 scopus 로고
    • The ontogeny and phylogeny of joint visual attention
    • A. Whiten. Oxford: Blackwell
    • Butterworth G. The ontogeny and phylogeny of joint visual attention. Whiten A. Natural Theories of Mind. 1991;223-232 Blackwell, Oxford.
    • (1991) Natural Theories of Mind , pp. 223-232
    • Butterworth, G.1
  • 28
    • 84970399722 scopus 로고
    • Towards a mechanism of joint visual attention in human infancy
    • Butterworth G., Cochran E. Towards a mechanism of joint visual attention in human infancy. Int. J. Behav. Develop. 3:1980;253-272.
    • (1980) Int. J. Behav. Develop. , vol.3 , pp. 253-272
    • Butterworth, G.1    Cochran, E.2
  • 29
    • 0001428467 scopus 로고
    • Joint visual attention, manual pointing and preverbal communication in human infancy
    • M. Jeannerod. Hillside, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum
    • Butterworth G., Grover L. Joint visual attention, manual pointing and preverbal communication in human infancy. Jeannerod M. Attention and Performance XIII. 1989;605-624 Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillside, NJ.
    • (1989) Attention and Performance XIII , pp. 605-624
    • Butterworth, G.1    Grover, L.2
  • 30
    • 0000988111 scopus 로고
    • What minds have in common is space: Spatial mechanisms serving joint visual attention in infancy
    • Butterworth G., Jarrett N. What minds have in common is space: spatial mechanisms serving joint visual attention in infancy. Br. J. Develop. Psychol. 9:1991;55-72.
    • (1991) Br. J. Develop. Psychol. , vol.9 , pp. 55-72
    • Butterworth, G.1    Jarrett, N.2
  • 31
    • 0029372122 scopus 로고
    • The use of social information in the problem-solving of orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus) and human children (Homo sapiens)
    • Call J., Tomasello M. The use of social information in the problem-solving of orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus) and human children (Homo sapiens). J. Comp. Psychol. 109:1995;308-320.
    • (1995) J. Comp. Psychol. , vol.109 , pp. 308-320
    • Call, J.1    Tomasello, M.2
  • 32
    • 0032085836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distinguishing intentional from accidental actions in orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus), chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and human children (Homo sapiens)
    • Call J., Tomasello M. Distinguishing intentional from accidental actions in orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus), chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and human children (Homo sapiens). J. Comp. Psychol. 112:1998;192-196.
    • (1998) J. Comp. Psychol. , vol.112 , pp. 192-196
    • Call, J.1    Tomasello, M.2
  • 33
    • 0001975053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chimpanzee gaze following in an object-choice task
    • Call J., Hare B.A., Tomasello M. Chimpanzee gaze following in an object-choice task. Anim. Cog. 1:1998;89-99.
    • (1998) Anim. Cog. , vol.1 , pp. 89-99
    • Call, J.1    Hare, B.A.2    Tomasello, M.3
  • 34
    • 0025610039 scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity to eye gaze in prosopagnosic patients and monkeys with superior temporal sulcus ablation
    • Campbell R., Heywood C.A., Cowey A., Regard M., Landis T. Sensitivity to eye gaze in prosopagnosic patients and monkeys with superior temporal sulcus ablation. Neuropsychologia. 28:1990;1123-1142.
    • (1990) Neuropsychologia , vol.28 , pp. 1123-1142
    • Campbell, R.1    Heywood, C.A.2    Cowey, A.3    Regard, M.4    Landis, T.5
  • 35
    • 84987214903 scopus 로고
    • Joint attention and imitative learning in children, chimpanzees and encultured chimpanzees
    • Carpenter M., Tomasello M., Savage-Rumbaugh S. Joint attention and imitative learning in children, chimpanzees and encultured chimpanzees. Social Develop. 4:1995;217-237.
    • (1995) Social Develop. , vol.4 , pp. 217-237
    • Carpenter, M.1    Tomasello, M.2    Savage-Rumbaugh, S.3
  • 36
    • 85050370183 scopus 로고
    • Attention structure as a basis of primate rank orders
    • Chance M.R.A. Attention structure as a basis of primate rank orders. Man. 2:1967;503-518.
    • (1967) Man , vol.2 , pp. 503-518
    • Chance, M.R.A.1
  • 37
    • 0031227684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infants with autism: An investigation of empathy, pretend play, joint attention, and imitation
    • Charman T., Swettenham J., Baron-Cohen S., Cox A., Baird G., Drew A. Infants with autism: An investigation of empathy, pretend play, joint attention, and imitation. Develop. Psychol. 33:1997;781-789.
    • (1997) Develop. Psychol. , vol.33 , pp. 781-789
    • Charman, T.1    Swettenham, J.2    Baron-Cohen, S.3    Cox, A.4    Baird, G.5    Drew, A.6
  • 39
    • 0002388401 scopus 로고
    • The development of joint attention in infants
    • C. Moore, & P.J. Dunham. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum
    • Corkum V., Moore C. The development of joint attention in infants. Moore C., Dunham P.J. Joint Attention: Its origins and role in development. 1995;61-83 Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ.
    • (1995) Joint Attention: Its Origins and Role in Development , pp. 61-83
    • Corkum, V.1    Moore, C.2
  • 40
    • 84966030932 scopus 로고
    • Perceptual determinants of gaze aversion by the lesser mouse lemur (Microcerbus murinus). The role of two facing eyes
    • Coss R.G. Perceptual determinants of gaze aversion by the lesser mouse lemur (Microcerbus murinus). The role of two facing eyes. Behaviour. 64:1978;248-267.
    • (1978) Behaviour , vol.64 , pp. 248-267
    • Coss, R.G.1
  • 41
    • 0018364349 scopus 로고
    • Delayed plasticity of an instinct: Recognition and avoidance of 2 facing eyes by the jewel fish
    • Coss R.G. Delayed plasticity of an instinct: recognition and avoidance of 2 facing eyes by the jewel fish. Develop. Psychobiol. 12:1979;335-345.
    • (1979) Develop. Psychobiol. , vol.12 , pp. 335-345
    • Coss, R.G.1
  • 42
    • 0342412461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal recognition of isolated newborn physical features in the early post-partum period
    • de Roiste A., Bonnet G. Maternal recognition of isolated newborn physical features in the early post-partum period. J. Reprod. Infant Psychol. 14:1996;293-298.
    • (1996) J. Reprod. Infant Psychol. , vol.14 , pp. 293-298
    • De Roiste, A.1    Bonnet, G.2
  • 46
    • 0021182724 scopus 로고
    • Stimulus-selective properties of inferior temporal neurons in the macaque
    • Desimone R., Albright T.D., Gross C.G., Bruce C. Stimulus-selective properties of inferior temporal neurons in the macaque. J. Neurosci. 4:1984;2051-2062.
    • (1984) J. Neurosci. , vol.4 , pp. 2051-2062
    • Desimone, R.1    Albright, T.D.2    Gross, C.G.3    Bruce, C.4
  • 47
    • 21144473601 scopus 로고
    • Joint attentional states and lexical acquisition at 18 months
    • Dunham P.J., Dunham F., Curwin A. Joint attentional states and lexical acquisition at 18 months. Develop. Psychol. 29:1993;927-931.
    • (1993) Develop. Psychol. , vol.29 , pp. 927-931
    • Dunham, P.J.1    Dunham, F.2    Curwin, A.3
  • 48
    • 0027326071 scopus 로고
    • Visual discrimination impairments following lesions of the superior temporal sulcus are not specific for facial stimuli
    • Eacott M.J., Heywood C.A., Gross C.G., Cowey A. Visual discrimination impairments following lesions of the superior temporal sulcus are not specific for facial stimuli. Neuropsychologia. 31:1993;609-619.
    • (1993) Neuropsychologia , vol.31 , pp. 609-619
    • Eacott, M.J.1    Heywood, C.A.2    Gross, C.G.3    Cowey, A.4
  • 50
    • 0032517145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does the face-specific N170 component reflect the activity of a specialized eye processor?
    • Eimer M. Does the face-specific N170 component reflect the activity of a specialized eye processor? NeuroReport. 9:1998;2945-2948.
    • (1998) NeuroReport , vol.9 , pp. 2945-2948
    • Eimer, M.1
  • 52
    • 0002111637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of the primate amygdala in social cognition
    • R.D. Lane, & L. Nadel. New York: Oxford University Press
    • Emery N.J., Amaral D.G. The role of the primate amygdala in social cognition. Lane R.D., Nadel L. Cognitive Neuroscience of Emotion. 1999;156-191 Oxford University Press, New York.
    • (1999) Cognitive Neuroscience of Emotion , pp. 156-191
    • Emery, N.J.1    Amaral, D.G.2
  • 54
    • 0042052714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How can studies of the monkey brain help us understand "theory of mind" and autism in humans?
    • S. Baron-Cohen, H. Tager-Flausberg, & D.J. Cohen. Oxford: Oxford University Press
    • Emery N.J., Perrett D.I. How can studies of the monkey brain help us understand "theory of mind" and autism in humans? Baron-Cohen S., Tager-Flausberg H., Cohen D.J. Understanding Other Minds 2: Perspectives from developmental cognitive neuroscience. 1999;279-310 Oxford University Press, Oxford.
    • (1999) Understanding Other Minds 2: Perspectives from Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience , pp. 279-310
    • Emery, N.J.1    Perrett, D.I.2
  • 55
    • 0025718412 scopus 로고
    • Distributed hierarchical processing in the primate cerebral cortex
    • Felleman D.J., Van Essen D.C. Distributed hierarchical processing in the primate cerebral cortex. Cerebral Cortex. 1:1991;1-47.
    • (1991) Cerebral Cortex , vol.1 , pp. 1-47
    • Felleman, D.J.1    Van Essen, D.C.2
  • 59
    • 0015295872 scopus 로고
    • The experimenter as an independent variable in studies of animal hypnosis in chickens (Gallus gallus)
    • Gallup G.G., Cummings W.H., Nash R.F. The experimenter as an independent variable in studies of animal hypnosis in chickens (Gallus gallus). Anim. Behav. 20:1972;166-169.
    • (1972) Anim. Behav. , vol.20 , pp. 166-169
    • Gallup, G.G.1    Cummings, W.H.2    Nash, R.F.3
  • 60
    • 0002845768 scopus 로고
    • Communication in Old World monkeys
    • T.A. Sebeok. Bloomington: Indiana University Press
    • Gautier J.-P., Gautier A. Communication in Old World monkeys. Sebeok T.A. How Animals Communicate. 1977;890-964 Indiana University Press, Bloomington.
    • (1977) How Animals Communicate , pp. 890-964
    • Gautier, J.-P.1    Gautier, A.2
  • 61
    • 0040791411 scopus 로고
    • The emergence of intentional communication as a problem-solving strategy in the gorilla
    • S.T. Parker, & K.R. Gibson. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Gomez J.C. The emergence of intentional communication as a problem-solving strategy in the gorilla. Parker S.T., Gibson K.R. 'Language' and Intelligence in Monkeys and Apes: Comparative developmental approaches. 1990;333-355 Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
    • (1990) 'Language' and Intelligence in Monkeys and Apes: Comparative Developmental Approaches , pp. 333-355
    • Gomez, J.C.1
  • 62
    • 0000163770 scopus 로고
    • Visual behavior as a window for reading the mind of others in primates
    • A. Whiten. Oxford: Blackwell
    • Gomez J.C. Visual behavior as a window for reading the mind of others in primates. Whiten A. Natural Theories of Mind. 1991;195-208 Blackwell, Oxford.
    • (1991) Natural Theories of Mind , pp. 195-208
    • Gomez, J.C.1
  • 63
    • 0002226816 scopus 로고
    • Grammatical combination in Pan paniscus: Processes of learning and invention in the evolution and development of language
    • S.T. Parker, & K.R. Gibson. New York & Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Greenfield P.M., Savage-Rumbaugh E.S. Grammatical combination in Pan paniscus: processes of learning and invention in the evolution and development of language. Parker S.T., Gibson K.R. 'Language' and Intelligence in Monkeys and Apes: Comparative development perspectives. 1990;540-578 Cambridge University Press, New York & Cambridge.
    • (1990) 'Language' and Intelligence in Monkeys and Apes: Comparative Development Perspectives , pp. 540-578
    • Greenfield, P.M.1    Savage-Rumbaugh, E.S.2
  • 64
    • 0017717611 scopus 로고
    • Eye contact and face scanning in early infancy
    • Haith M.M., Bergman T., Moore M.J. Eye contact and face scanning in early infancy. Science. 198:1977;853-855.
    • (1977) Science , vol.198 , pp. 853-855
    • Haith, M.M.1    Bergman, T.2    Moore, M.J.3
  • 65
    • 21844522638 scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity to information specifying the line of gaze of humans in sparrows (Passer domesticus)
    • Hampton R.R. Sensitivity to information specifying the line of gaze of humans in sparrows (Passer domesticus). Behaviour. 130:1994;41-51.
    • (1994) Behaviour , vol.130 , pp. 41-51
    • Hampton, R.R.1
  • 66
    • 38349189477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) use human and conspecific social cues to locate hidden food
    • Hare B., Tomasello M. Domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) use human and conspecific social cues to locate hidden food. J. Comp. Psychol. 113:1999;173-177.
    • (1999) J. Comp. Psychol. , vol.113 , pp. 173-177
    • Hare, B.1    Tomasello, M.2
  • 67
    • 0026081879 scopus 로고
    • Visual processing of faces in temporal cortex: Physiological evidence for a modular organization and possible anatomical correlates
    • Harries M.H., Perrett D.I. Visual processing of faces in temporal cortex: physiological evidence for a modular organization and possible anatomical correlates. J. Cog. Neurosci. 3:1991;9-24.
    • (1991) J. Cog. Neurosci. , vol.3 , pp. 9-24
    • Harries, M.H.1    Perrett, D.I.2
  • 68
    • 0012729195 scopus 로고
    • Effect of simulated predation on tonic immobility in Anolis carolinensis: The role of eye contact
    • Hennig C.W. Effect of simulated predation on tonic immobility in Anolis carolinensis: The role of eye contact. Bull. Psychon. Soc. 9:1977;239-242.
    • (1977) Bull. Psychon. Soc. , vol.9 , pp. 239-242
    • Hennig, C.W.1
  • 69
    • 0031748359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Theory of mind in nonhuman primates
    • Heyes C.M. Theory of mind in nonhuman primates. Behav. Brain Sci. 21:1998;101-148.
    • (1998) Behav. Brain Sci. , vol.21 , pp. 101-148
    • Heyes, C.M.1
  • 70
    • 0027128582 scopus 로고
    • The role of the "face-cell" area in the discrimination and recognition of faces by monkeys
    • Heywood C.A., Cowey A. The role of the "face-cell" area in the discrimination and recognition of faces by monkeys. Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. Lond.: Biol. Sci. 335:1992;31-38.
    • (1992) Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. Lond.: Biol. Sci. , vol.335 , pp. 31-38
    • Heywood, C.A.1    Cowey, A.2
  • 71
    • 0002036454 scopus 로고
    • Communication by postures and facial expression in the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta)
    • Hinde R.A., Rowell T.E. Communication by postures and facial expression in the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta). Symp. Zool. Soc. Lond. 8:1961;1-21.
    • (1961) Symp. Zool. Soc. Lond. , vol.8 , pp. 1-21
    • Hinde, R.A.1    Rowell, T.E.2
  • 72
    • 0034004509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distinct representations of eye gaze and identity in the distributed human neural system for face perception
    • Hoffman E.A., Haxby J.V. Distinct representations of eye gaze and identity in the distributed human neural system for face perception. Nature Neurosci. 3:2000;80-84.
    • (2000) Nature Neurosci. , vol.3 , pp. 80-84
    • Hoffman, E.A.1    Haxby, J.V.2
  • 74
    • 0006633945 scopus 로고
    • The facial musculature and its innervation
    • C.G. Hartman, & W.L. Straus. New York: Hafner
    • Huber E. The facial musculature and its innervation. Hartman C.G., Straus W.L. Anatomy of the Rhesus Monkey (Macaca mulatta). 1961;176-188 Hafner, New York.
    • (1961) Anatomy of the Rhesus Monkey (Macaca Mulatta) , pp. 176-188
    • Huber, E.1
  • 75
    • 0030311166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An exploratory study of gaze-monitoring in non-human primates
    • Itakura S. An exploratory study of gaze-monitoring in non-human primates. Jap. Psychol. Res. 38:1996;174-180.
    • (1996) Jap. Psychol. Res. , vol.38 , pp. 174-180
    • Itakura, S.1
  • 76
    • 0000903536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learning to use experimenter-given cues during an object-choice task by a capuchin monkey
    • Itakura S., Anderson J.R. Learning to use experimenter-given cues during an object-choice task by a capuchin monkey. Cahiers de Psychol. Cog. 15:1996;103-112.
    • (1996) Cahiers de Psychol. Cog. , vol.15 , pp. 103-112
    • Itakura, S.1    Anderson, J.R.2
  • 77
    • 0032087778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of experimenter-given cues during object-choice tasks by chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), an orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus), and human infants (Homo sapiens)
    • Itakura S., Tanaka M. Use of experimenter-given cues during object-choice tasks by chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), an orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus), and human infants (Homo sapiens). J. Comp. Psych. 112:1998;119-126.
    • (1998) J. Comp. Psych. , vol.112 , pp. 119-126
    • Itakura, S.1    Tanaka, M.2
  • 79
    • 0010542891 scopus 로고
    • Reactions of male domestic chicks to two-dimensional eye-like shapes
    • Jones R.B. Reactions of male domestic chicks to two-dimensional eye-like shapes. Anim. Behav. 28:1980;212-218.
    • (1980) Anim. Behav. , vol.28 , pp. 212-218
    • Jones, R.B.1
  • 80
    • 0032458132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for a GABAergic projection from the central nucleus of the amygdala to the brainstem of the macaque monkey: A combined retrograde tracing and in situ hybridization study
    • Jongen-Relo A.L., Amaral D.G. Evidence for a GABAergic projection from the central nucleus of the amygdala to the brainstem of the macaque monkey: a combined retrograde tracing and in situ hybridization study. Eur. J. Neurosci. 10:1998;2924-2933.
    • (1998) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.10 , pp. 2924-2933
    • Jongen-Relo, A.L.1    Amaral, D.G.2
  • 81
    • 0000984981 scopus 로고
    • Autistic disturbances of affective contact
    • Kanner L. Autistic disturbances of affective contact. Nervous Child. 2:1943;217-250.
    • (1943) Nervous Child , vol.2 , pp. 217-250
    • Kanner, L.1
  • 83
    • 0020383516 scopus 로고
    • Visual scan patterns of rhesus monkeys viewing faces
    • Keating C.F., Keating E.G. Visual scan patterns of rhesus monkeys viewing faces. Perception. 11:1982;211-219.
    • (1982) Perception , vol.11 , pp. 211-219
    • Keating, C.F.1    Keating, E.G.2
  • 84
    • 84985337171 scopus 로고
    • The role of visual signals and face patterns in African forest monkeys (guenons) of the genus Cercopithecus
    • Kingdon J.S. The role of visual signals and face patterns in African forest monkeys (guenons) of the genus Cercopithecus. Trans. Zool. Soc. Lond. 35:1980;425-475.
    • (1980) Trans. Zool. Soc. Lond. , vol.35 , pp. 425-475
    • Kingdon, J.S.1
  • 85
    • 0030912874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morphological uniqueness of human eyes and its adaptive meaning
    • Kobayashi H., Kohshima S. Morphological uniqueness of human eyes and its adaptive meaning. Nature. 387:1997;767-768.
    • (1997) Nature , vol.387 , pp. 767-768
    • Kobayashi, H.1    Kohshima, S.2
  • 87
    • 0003105226 scopus 로고
    • Tripartite relations in hamadryas baboons
    • S. Altmann. Chicago: University of Chicago Press
    • Kummer H. Tripartite relations in hamadryas baboons. Altmann S. Social Communication Among Primates. 1967;63-71 University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
    • (1967) Social Communication among Primates , pp. 63-71
    • Kummer, H.1
  • 88
    • 0030093316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hiding and perspective-taking in long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis)
    • Kummer H., Anzenberger G., Hemlrijk C.K. Hiding and perspective-taking in long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis). J. Comp. Psychol. 110:1996;97-102.
    • (1996) J. Comp. Psychol. , vol.110 , pp. 97-102
    • Kummer, H.1    Anzenberger, G.2    Hemlrijk, C.K.3
  • 89
    • 0023460850 scopus 로고
    • Baboon (Papio hamadryas) visual preferences for regions of the face
    • Kyes R.C., Candland D.K. Baboon (Papio hamadryas) visual preferences for regions of the face. J. Comp. Psychol. 101:1987;345-348.
    • (1987) J. Comp. Psychol. , vol.101 , pp. 345-348
    • Kyes, R.C.1    Candland, D.K.2
  • 90
    • 0033962747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do the eyes have it? Cues to the direction of social attention
    • Langton S.R.H., Watt R.J., Bruce V. Do the eyes have it? Cues to the direction of social attention. Trends Cog. Sci. 4:2000;50-59.
    • (2000) Trends Cog. Sci. , vol.4 , pp. 50-59
    • Langton, S.R.H.1    Watt, R.J.2    Bruce, V.3
  • 91
    • 0030329377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indexical and referential pointing in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)
    • Leavens D.A., Hopkins W.D., Bard K.A. Indexical and referential pointing in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). J. Comp. Psychol. 110:1996;346-353.
    • (1996) J. Comp. Psychol. , vol.110 , pp. 346-353
    • Leavens, D.A.1    Hopkins, W.D.2    Bard, K.A.3
  • 93
    • 0009763206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eye-direction detection: A dissociation between geometric and joint attention skills in autism
    • Leekam S., Baron-Cohen S., Perrett D.I., Milders M., Brown S. Eye-direction detection: a dissociation between geometric and joint attention skills in autism. Br. J. Develop. Psychol. 15:1997;77-95.
    • (1997) Br. J. Develop. Psychol. , vol.15 , pp. 77-95
    • Leekam, S.1    Baron-Cohen, S.2    Perrett, D.I.3    Milders, M.4    Brown, S.5
  • 95
    • 0027346015 scopus 로고
    • Eye contact as a trigger of male sexual arousal in stump-tailed macaques (Macaca arctoides)
    • Linannkoski I., Gronroos M., Pertovaara A. Eye contact as a trigger of male sexual arousal in stump-tailed macaques (Macaca arctoides). Folia primatol. 60:1993;181-184.
    • (1993) Folia Primatol. , vol.60 , pp. 181-184
    • Linannkoski, I.1    Gronroos, M.2    Pertovaara, A.3
  • 97
    • 0010826674 scopus 로고
    • The role of eyes and mouth in the memory of a face
    • McKelvie S.J. The role of eyes and mouth in the memory of a face. Am. J. Psychol. 89:1976;311-323.
    • (1976) Am. J. Psychol. , vol.89 , pp. 311-323
    • McKelvie, S.J.1
  • 98
    • 0343282061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social monitoring in a primate group: The relationship between visual attention and hierarchical ranks
    • McNelis N.L., Boatright-Horowitz S.L. Social monitoring in a primate group: the relationship between visual attention and hierarchical ranks. Anim. Cog. 1:1998;65-69.
    • (1998) Anim. Cog. , vol.1 , pp. 65-69
    • McNelis, N.L.1    Boatright-Horowitz, S.L.2
  • 99
    • 0000767588 scopus 로고
    • Face scanning and responsiveness to social cues in infant rhesus monkeys
    • Mendelson M.J., Haith M.M., Goldman-Rakic P.S. Face scanning and responsiveness to social cues in infant rhesus monkeys. Develop. Psychol. 18:1982;222-228.
    • (1982) Develop. Psychol. , vol.18 , pp. 222-228
    • Mendelson, M.J.1    Haith, M.M.2    Goldman-Rakic, P.S.3
  • 101
    • 0021530259 scopus 로고
    • Observational conditioning of snake fear in rhesus monkeys
    • Mineka S., Davidson M., Cook M., Keir R. Observational conditioning of snake fear in rhesus monkeys. J. Abnorm. Psych. 93:1984;355-372.
    • (1984) J. Abnorm. Psych. , vol.93 , pp. 355-372
    • Mineka, S.1    Davidson, M.2    Cook, M.3    Keir, R.4
  • 103
    • 21844510101 scopus 로고
    • Joint visual attention and pointing in infancy: A longitudinal study of comprehension
    • Morissette P., Ricard M., Decarie T.G. Joint visual attention and pointing in infancy: a longitudinal study of comprehension. Br. J. Develop. Psychol. 13:1995;163-175.
    • (1995) Br. J. Develop. Psychol. , vol.13 , pp. 163-175
    • Morissette, P.1    Ricard, M.2    Decarie, T.G.3
  • 104
    • 0003771642 scopus 로고
    • London: Triad Grafton Book
    • Morris D. The Naked Ape. 1967;Triad Grafton Book, London.
    • (1967) The Naked Ape
    • Morris, D.1
  • 105
    • 0022532910 scopus 로고
    • Defining the social deficits of autism: The contribution of non-verbal communication measures
    • Mundy P., Sigman M., Ungerer J., Sherman T. Defining the social deficits of autism: the contribution of non-verbal communication measures. J. Child Psych. Psychiatry. 27:1986;657-669.
    • (1986) J. Child Psych. Psychiatry , vol.27 , pp. 657-669
    • Mundy, P.1    Sigman, M.2    Ungerer, J.3    Sherman, T.4
  • 106
    • 0002977365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Individual differences in joint attention skill development in the second year
    • Mundy P., Gomes A. Individual differences in joint attention skill development in the second year. Infant Behav. Develop. 21:1998;469-482.
    • (1998) Infant Behav. Develop. , vol.21 , pp. 469-482
    • Mundy, P.1    Gomes, A.2
  • 109
    • 0017597093 scopus 로고
    • Reciprocal altruism in Papio anubis
    • Packer C. Reciprocal altruism in Papio anubis. Nature. 265:1977;441-443.
    • (1977) Nature , vol.265 , pp. 441-443
    • Packer, C.1
  • 110
    • 38349173575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of experimenter-given manual and facial cues by gorillas (Gorilla gorilla) in an object-choice task
    • Peignot P., Anderson J.R. Use of experimenter-given manual and facial cues by gorillas (Gorilla gorilla) in an object-choice task. J. Comp. Psychol. 113:1999;253-260.
    • (1999) J. Comp. Psychol. , vol.113 , pp. 253-260
    • Peignot, P.1    Anderson, J.R.2
  • 111
    • 0030239088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of avian-human joint attention in allospecific vocal learning by grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus)
    • Pepperberg I.M., McLaughlin M.A. Effect of avian-human joint attention in allospecific vocal learning by grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus). J. Comp. Psychol. 110:1996;286-297.
    • (1996) J. Comp. Psychol. , vol.110 , pp. 286-297
    • Pepperberg, I.M.1    McLaughlin, M.A.2
  • 112
    • 0001494254 scopus 로고
    • Understanding the intentions of others from visual signals: Neurophysiological evidence
    • Perrett D.I., Emery N.J. Understanding the intentions of others from visual signals: neurophysiological evidence. Cahiers de Psychol. Cog. 13:1994;683-694.
    • (1994) Cahiers de Psychol. Cog. , vol.13 , pp. 683-694
    • Perrett, D.I.1    Emery, N.J.2
  • 115
    • 0001029214 scopus 로고
    • Perception of facial characteristics by monkeys
    • W.C. Stebbins, & M.A. Berkley. New York: John Wiley
    • Perrett D.I., Mistlin A.J. Perception of facial characteristics by monkeys. Stebbins W.C., Berkley M.A. Comparative Perception. 1991;187-215 John Wiley, New York.
    • (1991) Comparative Perception , pp. 187-215
    • Perrett, D.I.1    Mistlin, A.J.2
  • 117
    • 0019977982 scopus 로고
    • Visual neurons responsive to faces in the monkey temporal cortex
    • Perrett D.I., Rolls E.T., Caan W. Visual neurons responsive to faces in the monkey temporal cortex. Exp. Brain Res. 47:1982;329-342.
    • (1982) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.47 , pp. 329-342
    • Perrett, D.I.1    Rolls, E.T.2    Caan, W.3
  • 121
    • 0006940753 scopus 로고
    • The eyes as a window: What young chimpanzees see on the other side
    • Povinelli D.J., Eddy T.J. The eyes as a window: what young chimpanzees see on the other side. Cahiers de Psychol. Cog. 13:1994;695-705.
    • (1994) Cahiers de Psychol. Cog. , vol.13 , pp. 695-705
    • Povinelli, D.J.1    Eddy, T.J.2
  • 122
    • 0030345905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors influencing young chimpanzees' (Pan troglodytes) recognition of attention
    • Povinelli D.J., Eddy T.J. Factors influencing young chimpanzees' (Pan troglodytes) recognition of attention. J. Comp. Psychol. 110:1996;336-345.
    • (1996) J. Comp. Psychol. , vol.110 , pp. 336-345
    • Povinelli, D.J.1    Eddy, T.J.2
  • 123
    • 0009119107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chimpanzees: Joint visual attention
    • Povinelli D.J., Eddy T.J. Chimpanzees: joint visual attention. Psychol. Sci. 7:1996;129-135.
    • (1996) Psychol. Sci. , vol.7 , pp. 129-135
    • Povinelli, D.J.1    Eddy, T.J.2
  • 125
    • 0031485937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Specificity of gaze-following in young chimpanzees
    • Povinelli D.J., Eddy T.J. Specificity of gaze-following in young chimpanzees. Br. J. Develop. Psychol. 15:1997;213-222.
    • (1997) Br. J. Develop. Psychol. , vol.15 , pp. 213-222
    • Povinelli, D.J.1    Eddy, T.J.2
  • 126
    • 0029038112 scopus 로고
    • Face-sensitive regions in human extrastriate cortex studied by functional MRI
    • Puce A., Allison T., Gore J.C., McCarthy G. Face-sensitive regions in human extrastriate cortex studied by functional MRI. J. Neurophysiol. 74:1995;1192-1199.
    • (1995) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.74 , pp. 1192-1199
    • Puce, A.1    Allison, T.2    Gore, J.C.3    McCarthy, G.4
  • 127
    • 0032521104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temporal cortex activation in humans viewing eye and mouth movements
    • Puce A., Allison T., Bentin S., Gore J.C., McCarthy G. Temporal cortex activation in humans viewing eye and mouth movements. J. Neurosci. 18:1998;2188-2199.
    • (1998) J. Neurosci. , vol.18 , pp. 2188-2199
    • Puce, A.1    Allison, T.2    Bentin, S.3    Gore, J.C.4    McCarthy, G.5
  • 128
    • 0033415795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A longitudinal investigation of chimpanzee's understanding of visual perception
    • Reaux J.E., Theall L.A., Povinelli D.J. A longitudinal investigation of chimpanzee's understanding of visual perception. Child Develop. 70:1999;275-290.
    • (1999) Child Develop. , vol.70 , pp. 275-290
    • Reaux, J.E.1    Theall, L.A.2    Povinelli, D.J.3
  • 130
    • 0002790774 scopus 로고
    • Before mindreading: Attention, purposes and deception in birds?
    • A. Whiten. Oxford: Blackwell
    • Ristau C.A. Before mindreading: attention, purposes and deception in birds? Whiten A. Natural Theories of Mind. 1991;209-222 Blackwell, Oxford.
    • (1991) Natural Theories of Mind , pp. 209-222
    • Ristau, C.A.1
  • 132
    • 39049162307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How monkeys see the eyes: Cotton-top tamarins' reaction to changes in visual attention and action
    • Santos L.R., Hauser M.D. How monkeys see the eyes: cotton-top tamarins' reaction to changes in visual attention and action. Anim. Cog. 2:1999;131-139.
    • (1999) Anim. Cog. , vol.2 , pp. 131-139
    • Santos, L.R.1    Hauser, M.D.2
  • 133
    • 0017264599 scopus 로고
    • The response to eye-like shapes by birds. I: The effect of context: A predator and a strange bird
    • Scaife M. The response to eye-like shapes by birds. I: the effect of context: a predator and a strange bird. Anim. Behav. 24:1976;195-199.
    • (1976) Anim. Behav. , vol.24 , pp. 195-199
    • Scaife, M.1
  • 134
    • 0017262457 scopus 로고
    • The response to eye-like shapes by birds. II: The importance of staring, pairedness and shape
    • Scaife M. The response to eye-like shapes by birds. II: the importance of staring, pairedness and shape. Anim. Behav. 24:1976;200-206.
    • (1976) Anim. Behav. , vol.24 , pp. 200-206
    • Scaife, M.1
  • 135
    • 0016658021 scopus 로고
    • The capacity for joint visual attention in the infant
    • Scaife M., Bruner J.S. The capacity for joint visual attention in the infant. Nature. 253:1975;265-266.
    • (1975) Nature , vol.253 , pp. 265-266
    • Scaife, M.1    Bruner, J.S.2
  • 136
    • 0010505602 scopus 로고
    • Home range and daily march in a Hamadryas baboon troop
    • Sigg H., Stolba A. Home range and daily march in a Hamadryas baboon troop. Folia primatol. 36:1981;40-75.
    • (1981) Folia Primatol. , vol.36 , pp. 40-75
    • Sigg, H.1    Stolba, A.2
  • 139
    • 0000208619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Look at me: Five-month-old infants' sensitivity to very small deviations in eye-gaze during social interactions
    • Symons L.A., Hains S.M.J., Muir D.W. Look at me: Five-month-old infants' sensitivity to very small deviations in eye-gaze during social interactions. Infant Behav. Develop. 21:1998;531-536.
    • (1998) Infant Behav. Develop. , vol.21 , pp. 531-536
    • Symons, L.A.1    Hains, S.M.J.2    Muir, D.W.3
  • 140
    • 0000377623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do chimpanzees tailor their gestural signals to fit the attentional states of others?
    • Theall L.A., Povinelli D.J. Do chimpanzees tailor their gestural signals to fit the attentional states of others? Anim. Cog. 2:1999;207-214.
    • (1999) Anim. Cog. , vol.2 , pp. 207-214
    • Theall, L.A.1    Povinelli, D.J.2
  • 141
    • 0016200206 scopus 로고
    • Eye contact by non-human primates toward a human observer
    • Thomsen C.E. Eye contact by non-human primates toward a human observer. Anim. Behav. 22:1974;144-149.
    • (1974) Anim. Behav. , vol.22 , pp. 144-149
    • Thomsen, C.E.1
  • 143
    • 0032052673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Five primate species follow the visual gaze of conspecifics
    • Tomasello M., Call J., Hare B. Five primate species follow the visual gaze of conspecifics. Anim. Behav. 55:1997;1063-1069.
    • (1997) Anim. Behav. , vol.55 , pp. 1063-1069
    • Tomasello, M.1    Call, J.2    Hare, B.3
  • 144
    • 0022989687 scopus 로고
    • Joint attention and early language
    • Tomasello M., Farrar M.Y. Joint attention and early language. Child Develop. 57:1986;1454-1463.
    • (1986) Child Develop. , vol.57 , pp. 1454-1463
    • Tomasello, M.1    Farrar, M.Y.2
  • 145
    • 0032881435 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chimpanzees, Pan troglodytes, follow gaze direction geometrically
    • Tomasello M., Hare B., Agnetta B. Chimpanzees, Pan troglodytes, follow gaze direction geometrically. Anim. Behav. 58:1999;769-777.
    • (1999) Anim. Behav. , vol.58 , pp. 769-777
    • Tomasello, M.1    Hare, B.2    Agnetta, B.3
  • 146
    • 0028069539 scopus 로고
    • The effect of eye-like schema on shuttling activity of wild house mice (Mus musculus domesticus): Context-dependent threatening aspects of the eyespot patterns
    • Topal J., Csanyi V. The effect of eye-like schema on shuttling activity of wild house mice (Mus musculus domesticus): Context-dependent threatening aspects of the eyespot patterns. Anim. Learn. Behav. 22:1994;96-102.
    • (1994) Anim. Learn. Behav. , vol.22 , pp. 96-102
    • Topal, J.1    Csanyi, V.2
  • 147
    • 85068421316 scopus 로고
    • The facial displays of the catarrhine monkeys and apes
    • D. Morris. London: Weidenfeld & Nicholson
    • van Hoof JARAM. The facial displays of the catarrhine monkeys and apes. Morris D. Primate Ethology. 1967;7-68 Weidenfeld & Nicholson, London.
    • (1967) Primate Ethology , pp. 7-68
    • Van Hoof, Jaram.1
  • 148
    • 0027980942 scopus 로고
    • Recognition of objects and their component parts: Responses of single units in the temporal cortex of the macaque
    • Wachsmuth E., Oram M.W., Perrett D.I. Recognition of objects and their component parts: responses of single units in the temporal cortex of the macaque. Cerebral Cortex. 5:1994;509-522.
    • (1994) Cerebral Cortex , vol.5 , pp. 509-522
    • Wachsmuth, E.1    Oram, M.W.2    Perrett, D.I.3
  • 149
    • 0008999691 scopus 로고
    • Modification of cortically induced responses in brain stem of shift of attention in monkeys
    • Wada J.A. Modification of cortically induced responses in brain stem of shift of attention in monkeys. Science. 133:1961;40-42.
    • (1961) Science , vol.133 , pp. 40-42
    • Wada, J.A.1
  • 150
    • 0002658771 scopus 로고
    • Conflict and co-operation
    • B.B. Smuts, D.L. Cheney, R.M. Seyfarth, R.W. Wrangham, & T.T. Struhsaker. Chicago: University of Chicago Press
    • Walters J.R., Seyfarth R.M. Conflict and co-operation. Smuts B.B., Cheney D.L., Seyfarth R.M., Wrangham R.W., Struhsaker T.T. Primate Societies. 1987;306-317 University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
    • (1987) Primate Societies , pp. 306-317
    • Walters, J.R.1    Seyfarth, R.M.2
  • 151
    • 0000669838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When does smart behavior-reading become mind-reading?
    • P. Carruthers, & P.K. Smith. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Whiten A. When does smart behavior-reading become mind-reading? Carruthers P., Smith P.K. Theories of Theories of Mind. 1996;277-292 Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
    • (1996) Theories of Theories of Mind , pp. 277-292
    • Whiten, A.1
  • 152
    • 0001868683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Imitation, pretence and mindreading: Secondary representation in comparative primatology and developmental psychology?
    • A.E. Russon, S.T. Parker, & K.A. Bard. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Whiten A. Imitation, pretence and mindreading: secondary representation in comparative primatology and developmental psychology? Russon A.E., Parker S.T., Bard K.A. Reaching Into Thought. 1996;300-324 Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
    • (1996) Reaching into Thought , pp. 300-324
    • Whiten, A.1
  • 154
    • 0002251194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolutionary and developmental origins of the mindreading system
    • J. Langer, & M. Killen. London: Lawrence Erlbaum
    • Whiten A. Evolutionary and developmental origins of the mindreading system. Langer J., Killen M. Piaget, Evolution and Development. 1997;Lawrence Erlbaum, London.
    • (1997) Piaget, Evolution and Development
    • Whiten, A.1
  • 156
    • 84974047626 scopus 로고
    • Tactical deception in primates
    • Whiten A., Byrne R.W. Tactical deception in primates. Behav. Brain Sci. 11:1988;233-273.
    • (1988) Behav. Brain Sci. , vol.11 , pp. 233-273
    • Whiten, A.1    Byrne, R.W.2
  • 157
    • 0031657324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain regions involved in the perception of gaze: A PET study
    • Wicker B., Michel F., Henaff M., Decety J. Brain regions involved in the perception of gaze: A PET study. Neuroimage. 8:1998;221-227.
    • (1998) Neuroimage , vol.8 , pp. 221-227
    • Wicker, B.1    Michel, F.2    Henaff, M.3    Decety, J.4
  • 158
    • 0023816447 scopus 로고
    • What facial features activate face neurons in the inferotemporal cortex of the monkey?
    • Yamane S., Kaji S., Kawano K. What facial features activate face neurons in the inferotemporal cortex of the monkey? Exp. Brain Res. 73:1988;209-214.
    • (1988) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.73 , pp. 209-214
    • Yamane, S.1    Kaji, S.2    Kawano, K.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.