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0342393794
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manuscript in preparation
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Complete details of the reduction of (±)-5 will be presented elsewhere: Njoroge et al., manuscript in preparation.
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Njoroge1
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John Wiley and Sons: New York
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0342393792
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note
-
The moderate selectivity of TFEOBOC suggested the enzymatic introduction of the Cbz group followed by catalytic hydrogenation to remove the Cbz group and reduce the olefin to yield (R)-(+)-5 directly. However transfer hydrogenation of (±)-4 with cyclohexane/10% Pd/C in refluxing EtOH resulted in complete removal of the 3-Br substituent, with the olefin remaining intact.
-
-
-
-
33
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0030831509
-
-
U.S. Patent 5,756,830, 1998
-
Increasing the size of the acylating agent from vinyl acetate to isobutyric anhydride resulted in a dramatic increase in the selectivity of a Novozyme 435 catalyzed desymmetrization of a prochiral 1,3-diol. See: (a) Nielsen, C. M.; Sudhakar, A. U.S. Patent 5,756,830, 1998. (b) Morgan, B.; Dodds, D. R.; Zaks, A.; Andrews, D. R.; Klesse, R. J. Org. Chem. 1997, 62, 7736-7743.
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-
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Nielsen, C.M.1
Sudhakar, A.2
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34
-
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0030831509
-
-
Increasing the size of the acylating agent from vinyl acetate to isobutyric anhydride resulted in a dramatic increase in the selectivity of a Novozyme 435 catalyzed desymmetrization of a prochiral 1,3-diol. See: (a) Nielsen, C. M.; Sudhakar, A. U.S. Patent 5,756,830, 1998. (b) Morgan, B.; Dodds, D. R.; Zaks, A.; Andrews, D. R.; Klesse, R. J. Org. Chem. 1997, 62, 7736-7743.
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Morgan, B.1
Dodds, D.R.2
Zaks, A.3
Andrews, D.R.4
Klesse, R.5
-
35
-
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0009580464
-
-
Toyobo LIP-300 is a lipoprotein lipase (P. aeruginosa) immobilized on Hyflo Supercel. The commercial catalyst contains ∼1% enzyme. See: Nakatani, T.; Hiratake, J.; Yoshikawa, K.; Nishioka, T.; Oda, J. Biosci. Biotech. Biochem. 1992, 56, 1118-1123.
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Biosci. Biotech. Biochem.
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Nakatani, T.1
Hiratake, J.2
Yoshikawa, K.3
Nishioka, T.4
Oda, J.5
-
36
-
-
0343263376
-
-
note
-
Vinyl isobutyrate resulted in decomposition of starting material, whereas acetone oxime isobutyrate and isobutyric anhydride showed little or no selectivity at low temperature.
-
-
-
-
37
-
-
0342828527
-
-
note
-
Sawa is a supplier of the Toyobo enzymes. LIP-300 and LIP-301 are the same enzyme; the different designations are for different pricing schedules.
-
-
-
-
39
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51249163381
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Halling, P. J. Biotech. Tech. 1992, 6, 271-276. Hogberg, H.-E.; Edlund, H.; Berglund, P.; Hedenstrom, E. Tetrahedron: Asymm. 1993, 4, 2123-2126.
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Halling, P.J.1
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40
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0027527221
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Halling, P. J. Biotech. Tech. 1992, 6, 271-276. Hogberg, H.-E.; Edlund, H.; Berglund, P.; Hedenstrom, E. Tetrahedron: Asymm. 1993, 4, 2123-2126.
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, vol.4
, pp. 2123-2126
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Hogberg, H.-E.1
Edlund, H.2
Berglund, P.3
Hedenstrom, E.4
-
41
-
-
0342393790
-
-
note
-
Azeotropic distillation of the substrate solution in the presence of the enzyme resulted in ∼10% lowered conversion, but without diminution of enzyme selectivity.
-
-
-
-
42
-
-
0000477801
-
-
For the effect of acids on the enantioselectivity of C. cylindracea catalyzed acylations with anhydride. See: Berger, B.; Rabiller, C. G.; Konigsberger, K.; Faber, K.; Griengl, H. Tetrahedron: Asymm. 1990, 1, 541-546.
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Tetrahedron: Asymm.
, vol.1
, pp. 541-546
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Berger, B.1
Rabiller, C.G.2
Konigsberger, K.3
Faber, K.4
Griengl, H.5
-
43
-
-
0342828526
-
-
note
-
At the concentrations shown in Figure 5, to produce 0.5 equiv of isobutyric acid by hydrolysis of TFEOiBu would require 486 ppm water.
-
-
-
-
44
-
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0028137707
-
-
(a) Rakels, J. L. L.; Straathof, A. J. J.; Heijnen, J. J. Tetrahedron: Asymm. 1994, 5, 93-100.
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Tetrahedron: Asymm.
, vol.5
, pp. 93-100
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Rakels, J.L.L.1
Straathof, A.J.J.2
Heijnen, J.J.3
-
46
-
-
0030220432
-
-
(c) Stead, P.; Marley, H.; Mahmoudian, M.; Webb, G.; Noble, D.; Ip, Y. T.; Piga, E.; Rossi, T.; Roberts, S.; Dawson, M. J. Tetrahedron: Asymm. 1996, 7, 2247-2250.
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Tetrahedron: Asymm.
, vol.7
, pp. 2247-2250
-
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Stead, P.1
Marley, H.2
Mahmoudian, M.3
Webb, G.4
Noble, D.5
Ip, Y.T.6
Piga, E.7
Rossi, T.8
Roberts, S.9
Dawson, M.J.10
-
47
-
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0002662732
-
-
(d) Parker, M.; Brown, S. A.; Robertson, L.; Turner, N. J. Chem. Commun. 1998, 2247-2248.
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Chem. Commun.
, pp. 2247-2248
-
-
Parker, M.1
Brown, S.A.2
Robertson, L.3
Turner, N.J.4
-
48
-
-
0343263374
-
-
note
-
A 5:1 solvent/(-)-4 mixture was maintained at reflux, or else heated to 240 °C over a period of 2.5 h, maintained at 240 °C for 2 h, then cooled, and subjected to a standard workup. Solvents (bp, °C) were Decalin (189-191), diethylbenzene (180-182), di(ethyleneglycol) dibutyl ether (256), heptamethylnonane (240), hexadecane (287), N-methylacetamide (204-206), phenyl ether (259).
-
-
-
-
49
-
-
0343263375
-
-
note
-
Conditions: (±)-5, 5 mg; isopropenyl acetate, 10 equiv; EtOAc or TBME, 2 mL; room temperature; 250 rpm.
-
-
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