Thermal structure of the Arctic summer mesosphere

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres

Volumn 104, Issue D8, 1999, Pages 9135-9149

  Lubken F J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BONN   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC STRUCTURE; MESOSPHERE; SUMMER; THERMAL STRUCTURE;

ARCTIC;

EID: 0033608943     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. Alpers, M., T. Blix, S. Kirkwood, D. Krankowsky, F.-J. Lübken, S. Lutz, and U. von Zahn, First simultaneous measurements of neutral and ionized iron densities in the upper mesosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 275-283, 1993.
2. Balsley, B. B., and M. Huaman, On the relationship between seasonal occurrence of northern hemispheric polar mesosphere summer echoes and mean mesopause temperatures, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 2021-2024, 1997.
3. Bremer, J., P. Hoffmann, A. H. Manson, C. Meek, R. Rüster, and W. Singer, PMSE observations at three different frequencies in northern Europe during summer 1994, Ann. Geophys., 14, 1317-1327, 1996.
4. Cho, J. Y. N., and J. Röttger, An updated review of polar mesosphere summer echoes: Observation, theory, and their relationship to noctilucent clouds and subvisible aerosols, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 2001-2020, 1997.
5. Fleming, E. L., S. Chandra, J. J. Barnett, and M. Corney, Zonal mean temperature, pressure, zonal wind, and geopotential height as functions of latitude, Adv. Space Res., 10(12), 11-59, 1990.
6. Forbes, J. M., Atmospheric tides, 2, The solar and lunar semidiurnal components, J. Geophys. Res., 87, 5241-5252, 1982.
7. Gadsden, M., and W. Schröder, Noctilucent Clouds, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1989.
8. Garcia, R. R., and S. Solomon, A new numerical model of the middle atmosphere, 2, Ozone and related species, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 12,937-12,951, 1994.
9. Goldberg, R., E. Kopp, G. Witt, and W. Swartz, An overview of NLC-91: A rocket/radar study of the polar summer mesosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 20, 2443-2446, 1993.
10. Hall, C. M., Spatiotemporal predictions of polar mesospheric summer echoes, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 23,491-23,498, 1996.
11. Hedin, A. E., Extension of the MSIS thermosphere model into the middle and lower atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 1159-1172, 1991.
12. Hoffmann, P., W. Singer, D. Keuer, J. Bremer, and R. Rüster, Mean diurnal variations of PMSE as measured with the ALOMAR SOUSY radar during summer 1996, in Proceedings of the 13th ESA Symposium on European Rocket and Balloon Programmes and Related Research, Öland, Sweden, Eur. Space Agency, Spec. Publ., ESA SP-397, 471-475, 1997.
13. Lübken, F.-J., Aerodynamical effects in number density measurements in the lower thermosphere with the CONE instrument, Adv. Space Res., 19(1), 139-144, 1997a.
14. Lübken, F.-J., Seasonal variation of turbulent energy dissipation rates at high latitudes as determined by in situ measurements of neutral density fluctuations, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 13,441-13,456, 1997b.
15. Lùbken, F.-J., and U. von Zahn, Thermal structure of the mesopause region at polar latitudes, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 20,841-20,857, 1991.
16. Lübken, F.-J., et al., Intercomparison of density and temperature profiles obtained by lidar, ionization gauges, falling spheres, datasondes, and radiosondes during the DYANA campaign, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 56, 1969-1984, 1994.
17. Lübken, F.-J., K.-H. Fricke, and M. Langer, Noctilucent clouds and the thermal structure near the Arctic mesopause, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 9489-9508, 1996.
18. Marti, J., and K. Mauersberger, A survey and new measurements of ice vapor pressure at temperatures between 170 and 250 K, Geophys. Res. Lett., 20, 363-366, 1993.
19. Schmidlin, F. J., The inflatable sphere: A technique for the accurate measurement of middle atmosphere temperatures, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 22,673-22,682, 1991.
20. Theon, J., W. Nordberg, L. Katchen, and J. Horvath, Some observations on the thermal behavior of the mesosphere, J. Atmos. Sci., 24, 428-438, 1967.
21. von Zahn, U., Achievements of ALOMAR, in Proceedings of the 13th ESA Symposium on European Rocket and Balloon Programmes and Related Research, Öland, Sweden, Eur. Space Agency, Spec. Publ., ESA SP-397, 141-159, 1997.
22. von Zahn, U., and W. Meyer, Mesopause temperatures in polar summer, J. Geophys. Res., 94, 14,647-14,651, 1989.
23. von Zahn, U., G. von Cossart, J. Fiedler, and D. Rees, Tidal variations of noctilucent clouds measured at 69° latitude by ground-based lidar, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 1289-1292, 1998.
24. Williams, P. J. S., G. O. Jones, J. R. Palmer, and H. Rishbeth, The association of polar mesosphere summer echo layers with tidal modes, Ann. Geophys., 13, 454-457, 1996.