On the relationship between seasonal occurrence of northern hemispheric polar mesosphere summer echoes and mean mesopause temperatures

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres

Volumn 102, Issue 2, 1997, Pages 2021-2024

  Balsley, Ben B ^a   Huaman, Mercedes ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0001159482     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/96jd01243     Document Type: Article

References (18)

1. Balsley, B. B., W. L. Ecklund, and D. C. Fritts, VHF echoes from the high-latitude mesosphere and lower thermosphere: Observations and interpretations, J. Atmos. Sci., 40, 2451-2466, 1983.
2. Balsley, B., R. F. Woodman, M. Sarango, R. Rodriguez, J. Urbina, E. Ragaini, J. Carey, M. Huaman, and A. Giraldez, On the lack of southern hemispheric polar mesospheric summer echoes, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 11,685-11,693, 1995.
3. Cho, J. Y. N., and M. C. Kelley, Polar mesosphere summer radar echoes: Observations and current theories, Rev. Geophys., 31, 243-265, 1993.
4. Cho, J. Y. N., and R. L. Morley, PMSE dependence on long-period vertical motions, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 1197-1200, 1995.
5. Cole, A. E., and A. J. Kantor, Air Force reference atmospheres, in Air Force Surveys in Geophysics, 382,AFGL-TR-78-0051, Air Force Geophys. Lab., Bedford, Mass., 1978.
6. Ecklund, W. L., and B. B. Balsley, Long-term observations of the Arctic mesosphere with the MST radar at Poker Flat, Alaska, J. Geophys. Res., 86, 7775-7780, 1981.
7. Garcia, R., Dynamics, radiation, and photochemistry in the mesosphere: Implications for the formation of noctilucent clouds, J. Geophys. Res., 94, 14,605-14,615, 1989.
8. Groves, G. V., Modeling of atmospheric structure, 70-130 km, in Air Force Surveys in Geophysics, 449, AFGL-TR-87-0226, 1987.
9. Hall, C. M., On the occurrence of polar mesosphere summer echoes, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22(24), 3469, 1995.
10. Hedin, A. E., Extension of the MSIS thermospheric model into the middle and lower atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 1159-1172, 1991.
11. Hoppe, U.-P., T. A. Blix, E. V. Thrane, F.-J. Lübken, J. Y. N. Cho, and W. E. Swartz, Studies of the polar mesosphere summer echoes by VHF radar and rocket probes. Adv. Space Res., 14, (9)139-(9)148, 1994.
12. Lübken, F.-J., and U. von Zahn, Thermal structure of the mesopause region at polar latitudes, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 20,841-20,857, 1991.
13. Lübken, F.-J., K.-H. Fricke, M. Langer, P. Huffman, W. Singer, B. Inhester, and G. Witt, Simultaneous measurements of noctilucent clouds, polar mesosphere summer echoes, and temperature near the mesopause, paper presented at the 12th ESA Symposium on European Rockets and Balloon Programmes and Related Research, Europ. Space Agency, 29 May-1 June, 1995.
14. Röttger, J., Middle atmosphere and lower thermosphere processes at high latitudes studies with the EISCAT radars, J. Atmos. Space Phys., 56, 1173-1195, 1994.
15. Theon, J., W. S. Smith, J. F. Casey, and B. R. Kirkwood The mean observed meteorological structure and circulation of the stratosphere and mesosphere, NASA Tech. Rep., NASA TR R-375, 1972.
16. Thomas, G. E., Mesospheric clouds and the physics of the mesopause, Rev. Geophys., 29, 553-575, 1991.
17. Thomas, G. E., and J. J. Olivero, Climatology of polar mesospheric clouds, 2, Further analysis of solar mesospheric explorer data, J. Geophys. Res, 94, 14,673-14,681, 1989.
18. von Zahn, U., Temperature and altitude of the polar summer mesopause in summer, in Middle Atmosphere Models, vol. 10, chap. 11, pp. 223-231, Pergamon, New York, 1990.