Phase segregation in polymer thin films: Elucidations by X-ray and scanning force microscopy

Europhysics Letters

Volumn 45, Issue 4, 1999, Pages 526-532

  Ade, H ^a   Winesett, D A ^a   Smith, A P ^b   Qu, S ^c   Ge, S ^c   Sokolov, J ^c   Rafailovich, M ^c  

^a NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b North Carolina State University   (United States)

^c STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0033556982     PISSN: 02955075     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1209/epl/i1999-00198-7     Document Type: Article

References (27)

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19. It should be noted that the differences in surface friction and viscoelastic response are dependent on the driving frequency and hence cannot be used as absolute determinations of chemical composition.
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23. From STXM imaging of the washed regions we were able to determine that even a small (approximately 20%) PMMA component prevents dissolution.
24. A DI3000 AFM was used to create this image with an external modulation unit designed especially for these measurements. Since the polymer film is much larger in the lateral than in the normal direction, there is much less damping of a lateral alternating force field which enhances the image contrast.
25. The actual angle of these features is rather shallow. Their appearance gets exaggerated by the display of the SFM data.
26. The spikes right at the rim might be swelling artifacts of spikes that are right inside the rim or swollen encapsulated PS domains that have not yet merged with the large PS domains, and hence did not dissolve in the cyclohexane rinse. We have no real evidence from the NEXAFS data for PMMA spikes outside the PS domains. The amplitude of all features appear larger on the AFM scans than the STXM due to swelling of the PMMA in the cyclohexane washing process. The frequency of these spikes is less in the NEXAFS images than in the SFM images shown due to the longer annealing times for the sample imaged with NEXAFS.
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