메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 12, Issue 4, 1999, Pages 241-257

Esophageal pharmacology and treatment of primary motility disorders

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT; BENZODIAZEPINE DERIVATIVE; BOTULINUM TOXIN; CALCIUM ANTAGONIST; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; CHOLINERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; NITRIC ACID DERIVATIVE;

EID: 0033511796     PISSN: 11208694     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1442-2050.1999.00059.x     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (53)

References (133)
  • 1
    • 0023256434 scopus 로고
    • Esophageal testing of patients with noncardiac chest pain or dysphagia. Results of three years' experience with 1161 patients
    • Katz P O, Dalton C B, Richter J E, Wu W C, Castell D O. Esophageal testing of patients with noncardiac chest pain or dysphagia. Results of three years' experience with 1161 patients. Ann Intern Med 1987; 106: 593-597.
    • (1987) Ann Intern Med , vol.106 , pp. 593-597
    • Katz, P.O.1    Dalton, C.B.2    Richter, J.E.3    Wu, W.C.4    Castell, D.O.5
  • 2
    • 0029156982 scopus 로고
    • Esophageal motility disorders and their coexistence with pathologic acid reflux in patients with noncardiac chest pain
    • Adamek R J, Wegener M, Wienbeck M, Pulte T. Esophageal motility disorders and their coexistence with pathologic acid reflux in patients with noncardiac chest pain. Scand J Gastroenterol 1995; 30: 833-838.
    • (1995) Scand J Gastroenterol , vol.30 , pp. 833-838
    • Adamek, R.J.1    Wegener, M.2    Wienbeck, M.3    Pulte, T.4
  • 3
    • 0027508931 scopus 로고
    • Chest pain associated with nutcracker esophagus: A preliminary study of the role of gastroesophageal reflux
    • Achem S R, Kolts B E, Wears R, Burton L, Richter J E . Chest pain associated with nutcracker esophagus: a preliminary study of the role of gastroesophageal reflux [see comments]. Am J Gastroenterol 1993; 88: 187-192.
    • (1993) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.88 , pp. 187-192
    • Achem, S.R.1    Kolts, B.E.2    Wears, R.3    Burton, L.4    Richter, J.E..5
  • 4
    • 0028153595 scopus 로고
    • Role of nitric oxide in esophageal peristalsis
    • Anand N, Paterson W G. Role of nitric oxide in esophageal peristalsis. Am J Physiol 1994; 266: G123-G131.
    • (1994) Am J Physiol , vol.266
    • Anand, N.1    Paterson, W.G.2
  • 5
    • 0027294776 scopus 로고
    • Medical treatment of esophageal motility disorders
    • Allescher H D, Ravich W J. Medical treatment of esophageal motility disorders. Dysphagia 1993; 8: 125-134.
    • (1993) Dysphagia , vol.8 , pp. 125-134
    • Allescher, H.D.1    Ravich, W.J.2
  • 6
    • 0027931077 scopus 로고
    • Effect of molsidomine on esophageal motility in patients with non-cardiac thoracic pain
    • Korda P, Barnert J, Schmidbaur W, Wienbeck M. Effect of molsidomine on esophageal motility in patients with non-cardiac thoracic pain. Med Klin 1994; 89(suppl. 2): 73-74.
    • (1994) Med Klin , vol.89 , Issue.2 SUPPL. , pp. 73-74
    • Korda, P.1    Barnert, J.2    Schmidbaur, W.3    Wienbeck, M.4
  • 7
    • 0015853243 scopus 로고
    • Stimulation of the incompetent lower esophageal sphincter. A possible advance in therapy of heartburn
    • Farrell R L, Roling G T, Castell D O. Stimulation of the incompetent lower esophageal sphincter. A possible advance in therapy of heartburn. Am J Dig Dis 1973; 18: 646-650.
    • (1973) Am J Dig Dis , vol.18 , pp. 646-650
    • Farrell, R.L.1    Roling, G.T.2    Castell, D.O.3
  • 8
    • 0016821677 scopus 로고
    • Comparative effects of metoclopramide and bethanechol on LESP in reflux patients
    • McCallum R W, Kline M M, Curry N. Comparative effects of metoclopramide and bethanechol on LESP in reflux patients. Gastroenterology 1975; 68: 1114-1118.
    • (1975) Gastroenterology , vol.68 , pp. 1114-1118
    • McCallum, R.W.1    Kline, M.M.2    Curry, N.3
  • 9
    • 0016195452 scopus 로고
    • Cholinergic therapy of chronic heartburn. A controlled trial
    • Farrell R L, Roling G T, Castell D O. Cholinergic therapy of chronic heartburn. A controlled trial. Ann Intern Med 1974; 80: 573-576.
    • (1974) Ann Intern Med , vol.80 , pp. 573-576
    • Farrell, R.L.1    Roling, G.T.2    Castell, D.O.3
  • 10
    • 0025845607 scopus 로고
    • Effect of intraesophageal location and muscarinic blockade on balloon distension-induced chest pain
    • Paterson W G, Selucky M, Hynna L T. Effect of intraesophageal location and muscarinic blockade on balloon distension-induced chest pain. Dig Dis Sci 1991; 36: 282-288.
    • (1991) Dig Dis Sci , vol.36 , pp. 282-288
    • Paterson, W.G.1    Selucky, M.2    Hynna, L.T.3
  • 11
    • 0022619240 scopus 로고
    • Oral pirenzepine does not affect esophageal pressures in man
    • Blackwell J N, Dalton C B, Castell D O. Oral pirenzepine does not affect esophageal pressures in man. Dig Dis Sci 1986; 31: 230-235.
    • (1986) Dig Dis Sci , vol.31 , pp. 230-235
    • Blackwell, J.N.1    Dalton, C.B.2    Castell, D.O.3
  • 13
    • 0022448840 scopus 로고
    • Pirenzepine and propantheline effects on esophageal pressure responses to bethanechol
    • Hassan M, Dalton C B, Castell J A, Castell D O. Pirenzepine and propantheline effects on esophageal pressure responses to bethanechol. Am J Gastroenterol 1986; 81: 334-338.
    • (1986) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.81 , pp. 334-338
    • Hassan, M.1    Dalton, C.B.2    Castell, J.A.3    Castell, D.O.4
  • 14
    • 0021273065 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of effects of nifedipine, propantheline bromide, and the combination on esophageal motor function in normal volunteers
    • Kongo M, Traube M, McCallum R W. Comparison of effects of nifedipine, propantheline bromide, and the combination on esophageal motor function in normal volunteers. Dig Dis Sci 1984; 29: 300-304.
    • (1984) Dig Dis Sci , vol.29 , pp. 300-304
    • Kongo, M.1    Traube, M.2    McCallum, R.W.3
  • 15
    • 0024799257 scopus 로고
    • Comparative study of the effects of cimetropium bromide and atropine on human esophageal motor functions
    • Marzio L, Pieramico O, Neri M. et al. Comparative study of the effects of cimetropium bromide and atropine on human esophageal motor functions. Digestion 1989; 44: 117-123.
    • (1989) Digestion , vol.44 , pp. 117-123
    • Marzio, L.1    Pieramico, O.2    Neri, M.3
  • 16
    • 0024160852 scopus 로고
    • Manometric evaluation of cimetropium bromide activity in patients with the nutcracker oesophagus
    • Bassotti G, Gaburri M, Imbimbo B P. et al. Manometric evaluation of cimetropium bromide activity in patients with the nutcracker oesophagus. Scand J Gastroenterol 1988; 23: 1079-1084.
    • (1988) Scand J Gastroenterol , vol.23 , pp. 1079-1084
    • Bassotti, G.1    Gaburri, M.2    Imbimbo, B.P.3
  • 17
    • 0028094846 scopus 로고
    • Effect of cimetropium bromide on esophageal motility and transit in patients affected by primary achalasia
    • Marzio L, Grossi L, DeLaurentiis M F, Cennamo L, Lapenna D, Cuccurullo F. Effect of cimetropium bromide on esophageal motility and transit in patients affected by primary achalasia. Dig Dis Sci 1994; 39: 1389-1394.
    • (1994) Dig Dis Sci , vol.39 , pp. 1389-1394
    • Marzio, L.1    Grossi, L.2    DeLaurentiis, M.F.3    Cennamo, L.4    Lapenna, D.5    Cuccurullo, F.6
  • 19
    • 0020333370 scopus 로고
    • Effect of an oral beta2-adrenergic agonist on lower esophageal sphincter pressure in normals and in patients with achalasia
    • DiMarino-AJ J, Cohen S. Effect of an oral beta2-adrenergic agonist on lower esophageal sphincter pressure in normals and in patients with achalasia. Dig Dis Sci 1982; 27: 1063-1062.
    • (1982) Dig Dis Sci , vol.27 , pp. 1063-11062
    • DiMarino-Aj, J.1    Cohen, S.2
  • 20
    • 0022591967 scopus 로고
    • Beta-adrenergic influence on oesophageal peristalsis in man
    • Lyrenas E, Abrahamsson H. Beta-adrenergic influence on oesophageal peristalsis in man. Gut 1986; 27: 260-266.
    • (1986) Gut , vol.27 , pp. 260-266
    • Lyrenas, E.1    Abrahamsson, H.2
  • 21
    • 0027435181 scopus 로고
    • Inhibitory effects of terbutaline on human esophageal peristalsis and development of tolerance
    • Lyrenas E, Sand C, Abrahamsson H. Inhibitory effects of terbutaline on human esophageal peristalsis and development of tolerance. Scand J Gastroenterol 1993; 28: 907-910.
    • (1993) Scand J Gastroenterol , vol.28 , pp. 907-910
    • Lyrenas, E.1    Sand, C.2    Abrahamsson, H.3
  • 22
    • 0018075412 scopus 로고
    • The effect of fenoterol on the tonus of the esophageal sphincter in achalasia
    • Weihrauch T R, Waldeck F, Forster C F, Ewe K. The effect of fenoterol on the tonus of the esophageal sphincter in achalasia. Verh Dtsch Ges Inn Med 1978; 84: 979-982.
    • (1978) Verh Dtsch Ges Inn Med , vol.84 , pp. 979-982
    • Weihrauch, T.R.1    Waldeck, F.2    Forster, C.F.3    Ewe, K.4
  • 23
    • 0015352762 scopus 로고
    • Ethanol-induced acute esophageal motor dysfunction
    • Hogan W J, Viegas-de A S, Winship D H. Ethanol-induced acute esophageal motor dysfunction. J Appl Physiol 1972; 32: 755-760.
    • (1972) J Appl Physiol , vol.32 , pp. 755-760
    • Hogan, W.J.1    Viegas-de, A.S.2    Winship, D.H.3
  • 24
    • 0018137882 scopus 로고
    • Effects of graded doses of alcohol upon esophageal motor function
    • Mayer E M, Grabowski C J, Fisher R S. Effects of graded doses of alcohol upon esophageal motor function. Gastroenterology 1978; 75: 1133-1136.
    • (1978) Gastroenterology , vol.75 , pp. 1133-1136
    • Mayer, E.M.1    Grabowski, C.J.2    Fisher, R.S.3
  • 25
    • 0020505484 scopus 로고
    • The effect of alcohol on the human alimentary tract: A review
    • Nazer H, Wright R A. The effect of alcohol on the human alimentary tract: a review. J Clin Gastroenterol 1983; 5: 361-365.
    • (1983) J Clin Gastroenterol , vol.5 , pp. 361-365
    • Nazer, H.1    Wright, R.A.2
  • 26
    • 0030816063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of red wine on 24-hour esophageal pH and pressures in healthy volunteers
    • Grande L, Manterola C, Ros E, Lacima G, Pera C. Effects of red wine on 24-hour esophageal pH and pressures in healthy volunteers. Dig Dis Sci 1997; 42: 1189-1193.
    • (1997) Dig Dis Sci , vol.42 , pp. 1189-1193
    • Grande, L.1    Manterola, C.2    Ros, E.3    Lacima, G.4    Pera, C.5
  • 27
    • 85046112097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperperistalsis in the middle third of the esophagus: A manometric marker of chronic alcoholism?
    • Grande L, Monteforte R, Ros E, Toledo V, Estruch R, Lacima G, Urbano A, Pera C. Hyperperistalsis in the middle third of the esophagus: A manometric marker of chronic alcoholism? Gut 1996; 38: 662.
    • (1996) Gut , vol.38 , pp. 662
    • Grande, L.1    Monteforte, R.2    Ros, E.3    Toledo, V.4    Estruch, R.5    Lacima, G.6    Urbano, A.7    Pera, C.8
  • 28
    • 0024993271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Esophageal motility disorders in alcoholics: Result of alcoholism or withdrawl?
    • Keshavarzian A, Polepalle C, Iber F, Dushi M. Esophageal motility disorders in alcoholics: result of alcoholism or withdrawl? Alcohol Clin Exp Res 1996; 14: 561-567.
    • (1996) Alcohol Clin Exp Res , vol.14 , pp. 561-567
    • Keshavarzian, A.1    Polepalle, C.2    Iber, F.3    Dushi, M.4
  • 30
    • 0026600941 scopus 로고
    • Chronic ethanol feeding produces a muscarinic receptor upregulation but not a muscarinic supersensitivity in lower esophageal sphincter muscle
    • Keshavarzian A, Gordon J H, Willson C, Urban G, Fields J Z. Chronic ethanol feeding produces a muscarinic receptor upregulation but not a muscarinic supersensitivity in lower esophageal sphincter muscle. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1992; 260: 601-607.
    • (1992) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.260 , pp. 601-607
    • Keshavarzian, A.1    Gordon, J.H.2    Willson, C.3    Urban, G.4    Fields, J.Z.5
  • 31
    • 0022638869 scopus 로고
    • Radiologic amyl nitrite test for distinguishing pseudoachalasia from idiopathic achalasia
    • Dodds W. J, Stewart E T, Kishk S M, Kahrilas P J, Hogan W J. Radiologic amyl nitrite test for distinguishing pseudoachalasia from idiopathic achalasia. Am J Roentgenol 1986; 146: 21-23.
    • (1986) Am J Roentgenol , vol.146 , pp. 21-23
    • Dodds, W.J.1    Stewart, E.T.2    Kishk, S.M.3    Kahrilas, P.J.4    Hogan, W.J.5
  • 32
    • 0028203516 scopus 로고
    • Nitric oxide mediates inhibitory nerve effects in human esophagus and lower esophageal sphincter
    • Preiksaitis H, Tremblay L, Diamant N. Nitric oxide mediates inhibitory nerve effects in human esophagus and lower esophageal sphincter. Dig Dis Sci 1994; 39: 770-775.
    • (1994) Dig Dis Sci , vol.39 , pp. 770-775
    • Preiksaitis, H.1    Tremblay, L.2    Diamant, N.3
  • 33
    • 0031911248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NO: A mediator of esophageal motor function
    • Conklin J. NO: A mediator of esophageal motor function. J Lab Clin Med 1998; 10-20.
    • (1998) J Lab Clin Med , pp. 10-20
    • Conklin, J.1
  • 34
    • 0025848943 scopus 로고
    • Nitric oxide mediating NANC inhibition in opossum lower esophageal sphincter
    • Tottrup A, Svane D, Forman A. Nitric oxide mediating NANC inhibition in opossum lower esophageal sphincter. Am J Physiol 1991; 260: G385-G389.
    • (1991) Am J Physiol , vol.260
    • Tottrup, A.1    Svane, D.2    Forman, A.3
  • 35
    • 0026474402 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological characterisation of lower esophageal sphincter relaxation induced by swallowing, vagal efferent nerve stimulation and esophageal distetion
    • Paterson W G, Anderson M, Anand N. Pharmacological characterisation of lower esophageal sphincter relaxation induced by swallowing, vagal efferent nerve stimulation and esophageal distetion. Can J Phsiol Pharmacol 1992; 70: 1011-1015.
    • (1992) Can J Phsiol Pharmacol , vol.70 , pp. 1011-1015
    • Paterson, W.G.1    Anderson, M.2    Anand, N.3
  • 36
    • 0026748628 scopus 로고
    • Role of nitric oxide in esophageal peristalsis in the opossum
    • Yamato S, Spechler S, Goyal R K. Role of nitric oxide in esophageal peristalsis in the opossum. Gastroenterology 1992; 103: 197-204.
    • (1992) Gastroenterology , vol.103 , pp. 197-204
    • Yamato, S.1    Spechler, S.2    Goyal, R.K.3
  • 38
    • 0019949833 scopus 로고
    • Isosorbide dinitrate and nifedipine treatment of achalasia: A clinical, manometric and radionuclide evaluation
    • Gelfond M, Rozen P, Gilat T. Isosorbide dinitrate and nifedipine treatment of achalasia: a clinical, manometric and radionuclide evaluation. Gastroenterology 1982; 83: 963-969.
    • (1982) Gastroenterology , vol.83 , pp. 963-969
    • Gelfond, M.1    Rozen, P.2    Gilat, T.3
  • 39
    • 0015915194 scopus 로고
    • Clinical and manometric effects of nitroglycerin in diffuse esophageal spasm
    • Orlando R C, Bozymski E M. Clinical and manometric effects of nitroglycerin in diffuse esophageal spasm. N Engl J Med 1973; 289: 23-25.
    • (1973) N Engl J Med , vol.289 , pp. 23-25
    • Orlando, R.C.1    Bozymski, E.M.2
  • 40
    • 0018928967 scopus 로고
    • Effect of sublingual nitroglycerin and long-acting nitrate preparations on esophageal motility
    • Kikendall J W, Mellow M H. Effect of sublingual nitroglycerin and long-acting nitrate preparations on esophageal motility. Gastroenterology 1980; 79: 703-706.
    • (1980) Gastroenterology , vol.79 , pp. 703-706
    • Kikendall, J.W.1    Mellow, M.H.2
  • 41
    • 0019942440 scopus 로고
    • Effect of isosorbide and hydralazine in painful primary esophageal motility disorders
    • Mellow M H. Effect of isosorbide and hydralazine in painful primary esophageal motility disorders. Gastroenterology 1982; 83: 364-370.
    • (1982) Gastroenterology , vol.83 , pp. 364-370
    • Mellow, M.H.1
  • 42
    • 0028567479 scopus 로고
    • Isosorbide dinitrate or nifedipine: Which is preferable in the medical therapy of achalasia?
    • Bortolotti, M., Coccia G, Brunelli F. et al. Isosorbide dinitrate or nifedipine: which is preferable in the medical therapy of achalasia? Ital J Gastroenterol 1994; 26: 379-382.
    • (1994) Ital J Gastroenterol , vol.26 , pp. 379-382
    • Bortolotti, M.1    Coccia, G.2    Brunelli, F.3
  • 44
    • 0028003912 scopus 로고
    • Double blind placebo controlled study on the effect of the nitric oxide donor molsidomin and the 5-HT3 antagonist ondansetron on human esophageal motility
    • Willis S, Allescher H D, Stoschus B, Schusdziarra V, Classen M, Schumpelick V. Double blind placebo controlled study on the effect of the nitric oxide donor molsidomin and the 5-HT3 antagonist ondansetron on human esophageal motility. Z Gastroenterol 1994; 32: 632-636.
    • (1994) Z Gastroenterol , vol.32 , pp. 632-636
    • Willis, S.1    Allescher, H.D.2    Stoschus, B.3    Schusdziarra, V.4    Classen, M.5    Schumpelick, V.6
  • 45
    • 0031444468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical and manometric effects of L-arginine in patients with chest pain and oesophageal motor disorders
    • Bortolotti M, Brunelli F, Sarti P, Miglioli M. Clinical and manometric effects of L-arginine in patients with chest pain and oesophageal motor disorders. Ital J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1997; 29: 320-324.
    • (1997) Ital J Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.29 , pp. 320-324
    • Bortolotti, M.1    Brunelli, F.2    Sarti, P.3    Miglioli, M.4
  • 46
    • 0028791946 scopus 로고
    • Diffuse esophageal spasm, a malfunction that involves nitric oxide?
    • Konturek J, Gillessen A, Domschke W. Diffuse esophageal spasm, a malfunction that involves nitric oxide? Scand J Gastroenterol 1995; 1041-1045.
    • (1995) Scand J Gastroenterol , pp. 1041-1045
    • Konturek, J.1    Gillessen, A.2    Domschke, W.3
  • 47
    • 0031744877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of long-term oral L-arginin on esophageal motility and gallbladder dynamics in healthy humans
    • Luiking Y, Weusten B, Portincasa P, Van Der Meer R, Smout A, Akkermans L. Effects of long-term oral L-arginin on esophageal motility and gallbladder dynamics in healthy humans. Am J Physiol 1998; 274: G984-G991.
    • (1998) Am J Physiol , vol.274
    • Luiking, Y.1    Weusten, B.2    Portincasa, P.3    Van Der Meer, R.4    Smout, A.5    Akkermans, L.6
  • 48
    • 0025764982 scopus 로고
    • Diltiazem therapy for symptoms associated with nutcracker esophagus
    • Cattau-El J, Castell D O, Johnson D A. et al. Diltiazem therapy for symptoms associated with nutcracker esophagus. Am J Gastroenterol 1991; 86: 272-276.
    • (1991) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.86 , pp. 272-276
    • Cattau-El, J.1    Castell, D.O.2    Johnson, D.A.3
  • 49
    • 0026040475 scopus 로고
    • Effect of the calcium antagonists nifedipine, nitrendipine, nimodipine and nisoldipine on oesophageal motility in man
    • Konrad D I, Baunack A R, Ramsch K D. et al. Effect of the calcium antagonists nifedipine, nitrendipine, nimodipine and nisoldipine on oesophageal motility in man. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1991; 41: 313-316.
    • (1991) Eur J Clin Pharmacol , vol.41 , pp. 313-316
    • Konrad, D.I.1    Baunack, A.R.2    Ramsch, K.D.3
  • 50
    • 0020475049 scopus 로고
    • Nifedipine in the treatment of diffuse oesophageal spasm
    • Nasrallah S M. Nifedipine in the treatment of diffuse oesophageal spasm. Lancet 1982; 2: 1285.
    • (1982) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 1285
    • Nasrallah, S.M.1
  • 51
    • 0021275661 scopus 로고
    • Effects of oral calcium blocker diltiazem, on esophageal contractions. Studies in volunteers and patients with nutcracker esophagus
    • Richter J E, Spurling T J, Cordova C M, Castell D O. Effects of oral calcium blocker diltiazem, on esophageal contractions. Studies in volunteers and patients with nutcracker esophagus. Dig Dis Sci 1984; 29: 649-656.
    • (1984) Dig Dis Sci , vol.29 , pp. 649-656
    • Richter, J.E.1    Spurling, T.J.2    Cordova, C.M.3    Castell, D.O.4
  • 52
    • 0024341974 scopus 로고
    • The role of nifedipine therapy in achalasia: Results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
    • Traube M, Dubovik S, Lange R C, McCallum R W. The role of nifedipine therapy in achalasia: results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Am J Gastroenterol 1989; 84: 1259-1262.
    • (1989) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.84 , pp. 1259-1262
    • Traube, M.1    Dubovik, S.2    Lange, R.C.3    McCallum, R.W.4
  • 53
    • 0017741595 scopus 로고
    • Clinical and experimental studies on the efficiency of nifedipine on smooth muscle strips of the esophagus
    • Weiser H F, Lepsien G, Golenhofen K, Schattenmann G, Siewert R. Clinical and experimental studies on the efficiency of nifedipine on smooth muscle strips of the esophagus. Z Gastroenterol 1977; 15: 691-698.
    • (1977) Z Gastroenterol , vol.15 , pp. 691-698
    • Weiser, H.F.1    Lepsien, G.2    Golenhofen, K.3    Schattenmann, G.4    Siewert, R.5
  • 54
    • 0021079169 scopus 로고
    • The effect of verapamil on the lower esophageal sphincter pressure in normal subjects and in achalasia
    • Becker B S, Burakoff R. The effect of verapamil on the lower esophageal sphincter pressure in normal subjects and in achalasia. Am J Gastroenterol 1983; 78: 773-775.
    • (1983) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.78 , pp. 773-775
    • Becker, B.S.1    Burakoff, R.2
  • 55
    • 0029820781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of gastrointestinal motility disorders. A practical guide to drug selection and appropriate ancillary measures
    • Malagelada J R, Distrutti E. Management of gastrointestinal motility disorders. A practical guide to drug selection and appropriate ancillary measures. Drugs 1996; 52: 494-506.
    • (1996) Drugs , vol.52 , pp. 494-506
    • Malagelada, J.R.1    Distrutti, E.2
  • 56
    • 0020687971 scopus 로고
    • Metoclopramide: Pharmacology and clinical application
    • Albibi R, McCallum R W. Metoclopramide: pharmacology and clinical application. Ann Intern Med 1983; 98: 86-95.
    • (1983) Ann Intern Med , vol.98 , pp. 86-95
    • Albibi, R.1    McCallum, R.W.2
  • 57
  • 58
  • 59
    • 0018365085 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the effect of domperidone on human oesophageal and gastroduodenal motility by intraluminal manometry
    • Weihrauch T R, Forster C F, Krieglstein J. Evaluation of the effect of domperidone on human oesophageal and gastroduodenal motility by intraluminal manometry. Postgrad Med J 1979; 55(suppl. 1): 7-10.
    • (1979) Postgrad Med J , vol.55 , Issue.1 SUPPL. , pp. 7-10
    • Weihrauch, T.R.1    Forster, C.F.2    Krieglstein, J.3
  • 60
    • 84907122799 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of reflux esophagitis with H2-blockers, antacids and prokinetic drugs. An analysis of randomized clinical trials
    • Koelz H R. Treatment of reflux esophagitis with H2-blockers, antacids and prokinetic drugs. An analysis of randomized clinical trials. Scand J Gastroenterol 1989; 156 (suppl.): 25-36.
    • (1989) Scand J Gastroenterol , vol.156 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 25-36
    • Koelz, H.R.1
  • 62
    • 0023612987 scopus 로고
    • Effect of cisapride, a new prokinetic agent, on esophageal motor function
    • Gilbert R J, Dodds W J, Kahrilas P J, Hogan W J, Lipman S. Effect of cisapride, a new prokinetic agent, on esophageal motor function. Dig Dis Sci 1987; 32: 1331-1336.
    • (1987) Dig Dis Sci , vol.32 , pp. 1331-1336
    • Gilbert, R.J.1    Dodds, W.J.2    Kahrilas, P.J.3    Hogan, W.J.4    Lipman, S.5
  • 63
    • 0023269116 scopus 로고
    • Effect of cisapride on the gastro-oesophageal function in normal human subjects
    • Wallin L, Kruse A S, Madsen T, Boesby S. Effect of cisapride on the gastro-oesophageal function in normal human subjects. Digestion 1987; 37: 160-165.
    • (1987) Digestion , vol.37 , pp. 160-165
    • Wallin, L.1    Kruse, A.S.2    Madsen, T.3    Boesby, S.4
  • 64
    • 0024378432 scopus 로고
    • Effects of cisapride on distal esophageal motility in humans
    • Corazziari E, Bontempo I, Anzini F. Effects of cisapride on distal esophageal motility in humans. Dig Dis Sci 1989; 34: 1600-1605.
    • (1989) Dig Dis Sci , vol.34 , pp. 1600-1605
    • Corazziari, E.1    Bontempo, I.2    Anzini, F.3
  • 66
    • 0024024542 scopus 로고
    • Cisapride versus ranitidine in the treatment of reflux esophagitis
    • Janisch H D, Huttemann W, Bouzo M H. Cisapride versus ranitidine in the treatment of reflux esophagitis. Hepatogastroenterology 1988; 35: 125-127.
    • (1988) Hepatogastroenterology , vol.35 , pp. 125-127
    • Janisch, H.D.1    Huttemann, W.2    Bouzo, M.H.3
  • 67
    • 84990094859 scopus 로고
    • The effect of cisapride on gastric and esophageal emptying in 10 patients with dystrophia myotonica
    • Horowitz M, Maddox A, Wishart J, Corazziari E. The effect of cisapride on gastric and esophageal emptying in 10 patients with dystrophia myotonica. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1987; 285-293.
    • (1987) J Gastroenterol Hepatol , pp. 285-293
    • Horowitz, M.1    Maddox, A.2    Wishart, J.3    Corazziari, E.4
  • 69
    • 0025911573 scopus 로고
    • The effect of cisapride on gastro-oesophageal dysfunction in systemic sclerosis: A controlled manometric study
    • Kahan A, Chaussade S, Gaudric M. et al. The effect of cisapride on gastro-oesophageal dysfunction in systemic sclerosis: a controlled manometric study. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1991; 31: 683-687.
    • (1991) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.31 , pp. 683-687
    • Kahan, A.1    Chaussade, S.2    Gaudric, M.3
  • 70
    • 0025821810 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of gastroesophageal reflux in cystic fibrosis
    • Cucchiara S, Santamaria F, Andreotti M. et al. Mechanisms of gastroesophageal reflux in cystic fibrosis. Arch Dis Child 1991; 617-622.
    • (1991) Arch Dis Child , pp. 617-622
    • Cucchiara, S.1    Santamaria, F.2    Andreotti, M.3
  • 71
    • 0023212658 scopus 로고
    • Effect of cisapride on gastric and esophageal emptying in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
    • Horowitz M, Maddox A, Harding P E. et al. Effect of cisapride on gastric and esophageal emptying in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Gastroenterology 1987; 92: 1899-1907.
    • (1987) Gastroenterology , vol.92 , pp. 1899-1907
    • Horowitz, M.1    Maddox, A.2    Harding, P.E.3
  • 72
    • 0030785773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Double-blind placebo-controlled study of cisapride in patients with nonspecific esophageal motility disorder accompanied by delayed esophageal transit
    • Song C W, UM S H, Kim C D,. Ryu H S, Hyun J H, Choe J G. Double-blind placebo-controlled study of cisapride in patients with nonspecific esophageal motility disorder accompanied by delayed esophageal transit. Scand J Gastroenterol 1997; 32: 541-546.
    • (1997) Scand J Gastroenterol , vol.32 , pp. 541-546
    • Song, C.W.1    Um, S.H.2    Kim, C.D.3    Ryu, H.S.4    Hyun, J.H.5    Choe, J.G.6
  • 73
    • 0024313688 scopus 로고
    • Cisapride in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: Effects on oesophageal motility and intra-oesophageal pH
    • Wienbeck M, Li Q. Cisapride in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: effects on oesophageal motility and intra-oesophageal pH. Scand J Gastroenterol 1989; 165(suppl.): 13-18.
    • (1989) Scand J Gastroenterol , vol.165 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 13-18
    • Wienbeck, M.1    Li, Q.2
  • 74
    • 0031457583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of effect of mosapride citrate and existing 5HT4 receptor agonists on gastrointestinal motility in vivo and in vitro
    • Mine Y, Yoshikawa T, Oku S, Nagai R, Yoshida N, Hosoki K. Comparison of effect of mosapride citrate and existing 5HT4 receptor agonists on gastrointestinal motility in vivo and in vitro. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1997; 283: 1000-1008.
    • (1997) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.283 , pp. 1000-1008
    • Mine, Y.1    Yoshikawa, T.2    Oku, S.3    Nagai, R.4    Yoshida, N.5    Hosoki, K.6
  • 75
    • 0027508263 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological effects of the new gastroprokinetic agent mosapride citrate and its metabolites in experimental animals
    • Yoshida N, Omoya H, Kato S, Ito T. Pharmacological effects of the new gastroprokinetic agent mosapride citrate and its metabolites in experimental animals. Arzneim Forsch Drug Res 1993; 43: 1078-1083.
    • (1993) Arzneim Forsch Drug Res , vol.43 , pp. 1078-1083
    • Yoshida, N.1    Omoya, H.2    Kato, S.3    Ito, T.4
  • 77
    • 0030431051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • LY35344, a potent, orally effective, long acting 5HT4 receptor antagonist: Comparison to cisapride and RS23597-190
    • Cohen M, Bloomquist W, Schaus J, Thompson T, Susemichel A. LY35344, a potent, orally effective, long acting 5HT4 receptor antagonist: comparison to cisapride and RS23597-190. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1996; 277: 97-104.
    • (1996) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.277 , pp. 97-104
    • Cohen, M.1    Bloomquist, W.2    Schaus, J.3    Thompson, T.4    Susemichel, A.5
  • 78
    • 0029865416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of intravenous erythromycin on esophageal motility in healthy subjects
    • Tzovaras G, Xynos E, Chrysos E, Mantides A, Vassilakis J S. The effect of intravenous erythromycin on esophageal motility in healthy subjects. Am J Surg 1996; 171: 316-319.
    • (1996) Am J Surg , vol.171 , pp. 316-319
    • Tzovaras, G.1    Xynos, E.2    Chrysos, E.3    Mantides, A.4    Vassilakis, J.S.5
  • 79
    • 0031057198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of erythromycin on postprandial gastroesophageal reflux in reflux esophagitis
    • Pehl C, Pfeiffer A, Wendl B, Stellwag B, Kaess H. Effect of erythromycin on postprandial gastroesophageal reflux in reflux esophagitis. Dis Esoph 1997; 10: 34-37.
    • (1997) Dis Esoph , vol.10 , pp. 34-37
    • Pehl, C.1    Pfeiffer, A.2    Wendl, B.3    Stellwag, B.4    Kaess, H.5
  • 80
    • 0027999148 scopus 로고
    • Erythromycin strengthens the defective lower esophageal sphincter in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease
    • Pennathur A, Tran A, Cioppi M, Fayad J, Sieren G L, Little A G. Erythromycin strengthens the defective lower esophageal sphincter in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Am J Surg 1994; 167: 169-172.
    • (1994) Am J Surg , vol.167 , pp. 169-172
    • Pennathur, A.1    Tran, A.2    Cioppi, M.3    Fayad, J.4    Sieren, G.L.5    Little, A.G.6
  • 81
    • 0028047317 scopus 로고
    • Effects of oral erythromycin on esophageal pH and pressure profiles in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease
    • Champion G, Richter J E, Singh S, Schan C, Nellans H. Effects of oral erythromycin on esophageal pH and pressure profiles in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Dig Dis Sci 1994; 39: 129-137.
    • (1994) Dig Dis Sci , vol.39 , pp. 129-137
    • Champion, G.1    Richter, J.E.2    Singh, S.3    Schan, C.4    Nellans, H.5
  • 82
    • 0029103340 scopus 로고
    • Effects of oral erythromycin on upper gastrointestinal motility in patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
    • Kao C H, Wang S J, Pang D Y. Effects of oral erythromycin on upper gastrointestinal motility in patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Nucl Med Commun 1995; 16: 790-793.
    • (1995) Nucl Med Commun , vol.16 , pp. 790-793
    • Kao, C.H.1    Wang, S.J.2    Pang, D.Y.3
  • 83
    • 0029162084 scopus 로고
    • Effects of oral erythromycin on esophageal motility in patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
    • Tsai S C, Kao C H, Pan D Y, ChangLai S P, Wang S J. Effects of oral erythromycin on esophageal motility in patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Kao Hsiung I Hsueh Ko Hsueh Tsa Chih 1995; 11: 430-435.
    • (1995) Kao Hsiung I Hsueh Ko Hsueh Tsa Chih , vol.11 , pp. 430-435
    • Tsai, S.C.1    Kao, C.H.2    Pan, D.Y.3    Changlai, S.P.4    Wang, S.J.5
  • 84
    • 0027976498 scopus 로고
    • Effects of LY267108, an erythromycin analogue derivative, on lower esophageal sphincter function in the cat
    • Greenwood B, Dieckman D, Kirst H A, Gidda J S. Effects of LY267108, an erythromycin analogue derivative, on lower esophageal sphincter function in the cat. Gastroenterology 1994; 106: 624-628.
    • (1994) Gastroenterology , vol.106 , pp. 624-628
    • Greenwood, B.1    Dieckman, D.2    Kirst, H.A.3    Gidda, J.S.4
  • 85
    • 0030753734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of morphine on gestroesophageal reflux and transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation
    • Penagini R, Bianchi P A. Effect of morphine on gestroesophageal reflux and transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation. Gastroenterology 1997; 113: 409-414.
    • (1997) Gastroenterology , vol.113 , pp. 409-414
    • Penagini, R.1    Bianchi, P.A.2
  • 86
    • 0029862131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of morphine and naloxone on motor response of the human esophagus to swallowing and distension
    • Penagini R, Picone A, Bianchi P A. Effect of morphine and naloxone on motor response of the human esophagus to swallowing and distension. Am J Physiol 1996; 271: G675-G680.
    • (1996) Am J Physiol , vol.271
    • Penagini, R.1    Picone, A.2    Bianchi, P.A.3
  • 87
    • 0028043921 scopus 로고
    • Effect of loperamide on lower oesophageal sphincter pressure in idiopathic achalasia
    • Penagini, Bartesaghi B, Negri G, Bianchi P A. Effect of loperamide on lower oesophageal sphincter pressure in idiopathic achalasia. Scand J Gastroenterol 1994; 29: 1057-1060.
    • (1994) Scand J Gastroenterol , vol.29 , pp. 1057-1060
    • Penagini1    Bartesaghi, B.2    Negri, G.3    Bianchi, P.A.4
  • 88
    • 0030976433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gastrointestinal uses of botulinum toxin
    • Bhutani M S. Gastrointestinal uses of botulinum toxin. Am J Gastroenterol 1997; 92: 929-933.
    • (1997) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.92 , pp. 929-933
    • Bhutani, M.S.1
  • 89
    • 0032508750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Einsatz von Botulinum Toxin in der Gastroenterologie
    • Allescher H D. Einsatz von Botulinum Toxin in der Gastroenterologie. Münch Med Wschr 1998; 140: 486-489.
    • (1998) Münch Med Wschr , vol.140 , pp. 486-489
    • Allescher, H.D.1
  • 90
    • 0029804226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Controlled trial of botulinum toxin injection versus placebo and pneumatic dilation in achalasia
    • Annese V, Basciani M, Perri F. et al. Controlled trial of botulinum toxin injection versus placebo and pneumatic dilation in achalasia. Gastroenterology 1996; 111: 1418-1424.
    • (1996) Gastroenterology , vol.111 , pp. 1418-1424
    • Annese, V.1    Basciani, M.2    Perri, F.3
  • 93
    • 0004969660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinumtoxin Injektion versus pneumatische Ballondilatation in der Behandlung der Achalasie
    • Allescher H D, Seige M, Gonzales R. et al. Botulinumtoxin Injektion versus pneumatische Ballondilatation in der Behandlung der Achalasie. Z Gastroenterol 1998; 36: 684.
    • (1998) Z Gastroenterol , vol.36 , pp. 684
    • Allescher, H.D.1    Seige, M.2    Gonzales, R.3
  • 94
    • 0029882756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum toxin in hypertensive lower esophageal sphincter
    • Jones M P. Botulinum toxin in hypertensive lower esophageal sphincter [letter]. Am J Gastroenterol 1996; 91: 1283-1284.
    • (1996) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.91 , pp. 1283-1284
    • Jones, M.P.1
  • 95
    • 0021086396 scopus 로고
    • Psychiatric illness and contraction abnormalities of the esophagus
    • Clouse R E, Lustman P J. Psychiatric illness and contraction abnormalities of the esophagus. N Engl J Med 1983; 309: 1337-1342.
    • (1983) N Engl J Med , vol.309 , pp. 1337-1342
    • Clouse, R.E.1    Lustman, P.J.2
  • 96
    • 0024501235 scopus 로고
    • Stress induces alteration of esophageal pressures in healthy volunteers and non-cardiac chest pain patients
    • Anderson K O, Dalton C B, Bradley L A, Richter J E. Stress induces alteration of esophageal pressures in healthy volunteers and non-cardiac chest pain patients. Dig Dis Sci 1989; 34: 83-91.
    • (1989) Dig Dis Sci , vol.34 , pp. 83-91
    • Anderson, K.O.1    Dalton, C.B.2    Bradley, L.A.3    Richter, J.E.4
  • 97
    • 0023261918 scopus 로고
    • Measurement of upper esophageal sphincter pressure: Effect of acute emotional stress
    • Cooc I, Dent J, Shannon S, Collins S. Measurement of upper esophageal sphincter pressure: effect of acute emotional stress. Gastroenterology 1987; 526-532.
    • (1987) Gastroenterology , pp. 526-532
    • Cooc, I.1    Dent, J.2    Shannon, S.3    Collins, S.4
  • 98
    • 0022640231 scopus 로고
    • Psychological comparison of patients with nutcracker esophagus and irritable bowel syndrome
    • Richter J E, Obrecht W F, Bradley L A, Young L D, Anderson K O. Psychological comparison of patients with nutcracker esophagus and irritable bowel syndrome. Dig Dis Sci 1986; 31: 131-138.
    • (1986) Dig Dis Sci , vol.31 , pp. 131-138
    • Richter, J.E.1    Obrecht, W.F.2    Bradley, L.A.3    Young, L.D.4    Anderson, K.O.5
  • 99
    • 0023143225 scopus 로고
    • Low-dose trazodone for symptomatic patients with esophageal contraction abnormalities. A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    • Clouse R E, Lustman P J, Eckert T C, Ferney D M, Griffith L S. Low-dose trazodone for symptomatic patients with esophageal contraction abnormalities. A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Gastroenterology 1987; 92: 1027-1036.
    • (1987) Gastroenterology , vol.92 , pp. 1027-1036
    • Clouse, R.E.1    Lustman, P.J.2    Eckert, T.C.3    Ferney, D.M.4    Griffith, L.S.5
  • 100
    • 0028348491 scopus 로고
    • Imipramine in patients with chest pain despite normal coronary angiograms
    • Cannon R O, Quyyumi A A, Mincemoyer R. et al. Imipramine in patients with chest pain despite normal coronary angiograms. N Engl J Med 1994; 330: 1411-1417.
    • (1994) N Engl J Med , vol.330 , pp. 1411-1417
    • Cannon, R.O.1    Quyyumi, A.A.2    Mincemoyer, R.3
  • 101
    • 0031862833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Imipramine decreases oesophageal pain perception in human male volunteers
    • Peghini P L, Katz P O, Castell D O. Imipramine decreases oesophageal pain perception in human male volunteers. Gut 1998; 42: 807-813.
    • (1998) Gut , vol.42 , pp. 807-813
    • Peghini, P.L.1    Katz, P.O.2    Castell, D.O.3
  • 102
    • 0031657157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of amitriptyline on perception of somatic and visceral stimulation in healthy humans
    • Gorelick A B, Koshy S S, Hooper F G, Bennett T C, Chey W D, Hasler W L. Differential effects of amitriptyline on perception of somatic and visceral stimulation in healthy humans. Am J Physiol 1998; 275: G460-G466.
    • (1998) Am J Physiol , vol.275
    • Gorelick, A.B.1    Koshy, S.S.2    Hooper, F.G.3    Bennett, T.C.4    Chey, W.D.5    Hasler, W.L.6
  • 103
    • 0018403372 scopus 로고
    • Effect of intravenous diazepam on human lower oesophageal sphincter pressure under controlled double blind crossover conditions
    • Weihrauch T R, Forster C F, Kohler H, Ewe K, Krieglstein J. Effect of intravenous diazepam on human lower oesophageal sphincter pressure under controlled double blind crossover conditions. Gut 1979; 20: 64-67.
    • (1979) Gut , vol.20 , pp. 64-67
    • Weihrauch, T.R.1    Forster, C.F.2    Kohler, H.3    Ewe, K.4    Krieglstein, J.5
  • 104
    • 0025824284 scopus 로고
    • The effect of intravenous diazepam on esophageal motility in normal subjects
    • Reveille R M, Goff J S, Hollstrom T K. The effect of intravenous diazepam on esophageal motility in normal subjects. Dig Dis Sci 1991; 36: 1046-1049.
    • (1991) Dig Dis Sci , vol.36 , pp. 1046-1049
    • Reveille, R.M.1    Goff, J.S.2    Hollstrom, T.K.3
  • 105
    • 0023880837 scopus 로고
    • Alprazolam in the treatment of cardiology patients with atypical chest pain and panic disorder
    • Beitman B D, Basha I M, Trombka L H. et al. Alprazolam in the treatment of cardiology patients with atypical chest pain and panic disorder. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1988; 8: 127-130.
    • (1988) J Clin Psychopharmacol , vol.8 , pp. 127-130
    • Beitman, B.D.1    Basha, I.M.2    Trombka, L.H.3
  • 106
    • 0019413899 scopus 로고
    • Biofeedback and self-regulation in the treatment of diffuse esophageal spasm: A single-case study
    • Latimer P R. Biofeedback and self-regulation in the treatment of diffuse esophageal spasm: a single-case study. Biofeedback Self Regul 1981; 6: 181-189.
    • (1981) Biofeedback Self Regul , vol.6 , pp. 181-189
    • Latimer, P.R.1
  • 107
    • 0028799228 scopus 로고
    • Influence of breathing pattern on the esophagogastric junction pressure and esophageal transit
    • Mittal R, Shaffer H, Parollisi S, Baggett L. Influence of breathing pattern on the esophagogastric junction pressure and esophageal transit. Am J Physiol 1995; 269: G577-G583.
    • (1995) Am J Physiol , vol.269
    • Mittal, R.1    Shaffer, H.2    Parollisi, S.3    Baggett, L.4
  • 108
    • 0025971860 scopus 로고
    • Power of esophageal peristalsis can be controlled voluntarily
    • Valori R, Hallisey M, Dunn J. Power of esophageal peristalsis can be controlled voluntarily. Gut 1991; 32: 236-239.
    • (1991) Gut , vol.32 , pp. 236-239
    • Valori, R.1    Hallisey, M.2    Dunn, J.3
  • 109
    • 0025773915 scopus 로고
    • Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation decreases lower esophageal sphincter pressure in patients with achalasia
    • Guelrud M, Rossiter A, Souney P F, Sulbaran M. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation decreases lower esophageal sphincter pressure in patients with achalasia. Dig Dis Sci 1991; 36: 1029-1033.
    • (1991) Dig Dis Sci , vol.36 , pp. 1029-1033
    • Guelrud, M.1    Rossiter, A.2    Souney, P.F.3    Sulbaran, M.4
  • 110
    • 0023627912 scopus 로고
    • Successful treatment of esophageal dysmotility and Raynaud's phenomenon in systemic sclerosis and achalasia by transcutaneous nerve stimulation. Increase in plasma VIP concentration
    • Kaada B. Successful treatment of esophageal dysmotility and Raynaud's phenomenon in systemic sclerosis and achalasia by transcutaneous nerve stimulation. Increase in plasma VIP concentration. Scand J Gastroenterol 1987; 22: 1137-1146.
    • (1987) Scand J Gastroenterol , vol.22 , pp. 1137-1146
    • Kaada, B.1
  • 111
    • 0031857313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Esophageal visceral pain sensitivity: Effects of TENS and correlation with manometric findings
    • Borjesson M, Pilhall M, Eliasson T, Norssell H, Mannheimer C, Rolny P. Esophageal visceral pain sensitivity: effects of TENS and correlation with manometric findings. Dig Dis Sci 1998; 43: 1621-1628.
    • (1998) Dig Dis Sci , vol.43 , pp. 1621-1628
    • Borjesson, M.1    Pilhall, M.2    Eliasson, T.3    Norssell, H.4    Mannheimer, C.5    Rolny, P.6
  • 112
    • 0029002316 scopus 로고
    • Effect of naproxen on gastroesophageal reflux and esophageal function: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
    • Scheiman J, Patel P, Henson E, Nostrant T. Effect of naproxen on gastroesophageal reflux and esophageal function: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Am J Gastroenterol 1995; 90: 754-757.
    • (1995) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.90 , pp. 754-757
    • Scheiman, J.1    Patel, P.2    Henson, E.3    Nostrant, T.4
  • 113
    • 0026092883 scopus 로고
    • Tachykinins in the canine gastroesophageal junction
    • Sandler A, Maher J W, Weinstock J. et al. Tachykinins in the canine gastroesophageal junction. Am J Surg 1991; 165-170.
    • (1991) Am J Surg , pp. 165-170
    • Sandler, A.1    Maher, J.W.2    Weinstock, J.3
  • 114
    • 0030753737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide on opossum esophageal smooth muscle
    • Uc A, Murray J, Conklin J. Effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide on opossum esophageal smooth muscle. Gastroenterology 1997; 113: 514-520.
    • (1997) Gastroenterology , vol.113 , pp. 514-520
    • Uc, A.1    Murray, J.2    Conklin, J.3
  • 115
    • 0030996542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of intraduodenal fat on lower esophageal sphincter function and gastroesophageal reflux
    • Holloway R, Lyrenas E, Ireland A, Dent J. Effect of intraduodenal fat on lower esophageal sphincter function and gastroesophageal reflux. Gut 1997; 40: 449-453.
    • (1997) Gut , vol.40 , pp. 449-453
    • Holloway, R.1    Lyrenas, E.2    Ireland, A.3    Dent, J.4
  • 116
    • 0028965538 scopus 로고
    • Interplay of VIP and nitric oxide in the regulation of neuromuscular activity in gut
    • Murthy K S, Grider J R, Jin J G, Makhlouf G M. Interplay of VIP and nitric oxide in the regulation of neuromuscular activity in gut. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther 1995; 329: 27-38.
    • (1995) Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther , vol.329 , pp. 27-38
    • Murthy, K.S.1    Grider, J.R.2    Jin, J.G.3    Makhlouf, G.M.4
  • 117
    • 0019524401 scopus 로고
    • Effect of nifedipine on oesophageal motility and gastric emptying
    • Blackwell J N, Holt S, Heading R C. Effect of nifedipine on oesophageal motility and gastric emptying. Digestion 1981; 21: 50-56.
    • (1981) Digestion , vol.21 , pp. 50-56
    • Blackwell, J.N.1    Holt, S.2    Heading, R.C.3
  • 118
    • 0019353185 scopus 로고
    • Clinical and manometric effects of nifedipine in patients with esophageal achalasia
    • Bortolotti M, Labo G. Clinical and manometric effects of nifedipine in patients with esophageal achalasia. Gastroenterology 1981; 80: 39-44.
    • (1981) Gastroenterology , vol.80 , pp. 39-44
    • Bortolotti, M.1    Labo, G.2
  • 119
    • 0026469067 scopus 로고
    • Return of esophageal peristalsis after nifedipine therapy in patients with idiopathic esophageal achalasia
    • Coccia G, Bortolotti M, Michetti P, Dodero M. Return of esophageal peristalsis after nifedipine therapy in patients with idiopathic esophageal achalasia. Am J Gastroenterol 1992; 87: 1705-1708.
    • (1992) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.87 , pp. 1705-1708
    • Coccia, G.1    Bortolotti, M.2    Michetti, P.3    Dodero, M.4
  • 120
    • 0025865249 scopus 로고
    • Medical treatment of esophageal achalasia. Double-blind crossover study with oral nifedipine, verapamil, and placebo
    • Triadafilopoulos G, Aaronson M, Sackel S, Burakoff R. Medical treatment of esophageal achalasia. Double-blind crossover study with oral nifedipine, verapamil, and placebo [see comments]. Dig Dis Sci 1991; 36: 260-267.
    • (1991) Dig Dis Sci , vol.36 , pp. 260-267
    • Triadafilopoulos, G.1    Aaronson, M.2    Sackel, S.3    Burakoff, R.4
  • 121
    • 18144439781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum toxin in long-term therapy for achalasia
    • Annese V, D'Onofrio V, Andriulli A. Botulinum toxin in long-term therapy for achalasia. Ann Intern Med 1998; 128: 696.
    • (1998) Ann Intern Med , vol.128 , pp. 696
    • Annese, V.1    D'Onofrio, V.2    Andriulli, A.3
  • 123
    • 0029963293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum toxin for achalasia: Long-term outcome and predictors of response
    • Pasricha P J, Rai R, Ravich W J, Hendrix T R, Kalloo A N. Botulinum toxin for achalasia: long-term outcome and predictors of response. Gastroenterology 1996; 110: 1410-1415.
    • (1996) Gastroenterology , vol.110 , pp. 1410-1415
    • Pasricha, P.J.1    Rai, R.2    Ravich, W.J.3    Hendrix, T.R.4    Kalloo, A.N.5
  • 124
    • 0029951267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endoscopic injection of ethanolamine as a treatment for achalasia: A first report
    • Moreto M, Ojembarrena E, Rodriguez M L. Endoscopic injection of ethanolamine as a treatment for achalasia: a first report. Endoscopy 1996; 28: 539-545.
    • (1996) Endoscopy , vol.28 , pp. 539-545
    • Moreto, M.1    Ojembarrena, E.2    Rodriguez, M.L.3
  • 125
    • 0029795027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Olfactory stimuli provoke diffuse esophageal spasm: Reversal by ipratropium bromide
    • Triadafilopoulos G, Tsang H P. Olfactory stimuli provoke diffuse esophageal spasm: reversal by ipratropium bromide. Am J Gastroenterol 1996; 91: 2224-2227.
    • (1996) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.91 , pp. 2224-2227
    • Triadafilopoulos, G.1    Tsang, H.P.2
  • 126
    • 0029860537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of symptomatic nonachalasia esophageal motor disorders with botulinum toxin injection at the lower esophageal sphincter
    • Miller L S, Parkman H P, Schiano T D. et al. Treatment of symptomatic nonachalasia esophageal motor disorders with botulinum toxin injection at the lower esophageal sphincter. Dig Dis Sci 1996; 41: 2025-2031.
    • (1996) Dig Dis Sci , vol.41 , pp. 2025-2031
    • Miller, L.S.1    Parkman, H.P.2    Schiano, T.D.3
  • 127
  • 128
    • 0025107995 scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of diltiazem in the treatment of diffuse oesophageal spasm
    • Drenth J P, Bos L P, Engels L G. Efficacy of diltiazem in the treatment of diffuse oesophageal spasm. Alimentary Pharmacol Ther 1990; 4: 411-416.
    • (1990) Alimentary Pharmacol Ther , vol.4 , pp. 411-416
    • Drenth, J.P.1    Bos, L.P.2    Engels, L.G.3
  • 129
    • 0023188201 scopus 로고
    • Oral nifedipine in the treatment of noncardiac chest pain in patients with the nutcracker esophagus
    • Richter J E, Dalton C B, Bradley L A, Castell D O. Oral nifedipine in the treatment of noncardiac chest pain in patients with the nutcracker esophagus. Gastroenterology 1987; 93: 21-28.
    • (1987) Gastroenterology , vol.93 , pp. 21-28
    • Richter, J.E.1    Dalton, C.B.2    Bradley, L.A.3    Castell, D.O.4
  • 130
    • 0031798792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hot water swallows improve symptoms and accelerate esophageal clearance in esophageal motility disorders
    • Triadafilopoulos G, Tsang H P, Segall G M. Hot water swallows improve symptoms and accelerate esophageal clearance in esophageal motility disorders. J Clin Gastroenterol 1998; 26: 239-244.
    • (1998) J Clin Gastroenterol , vol.26 , pp. 239-244
    • Triadafilopoulos, G.1    Tsang, H.P.2    Segall, G.M.3
  • 131
    • 0021238402 scopus 로고
    • Esophageal bougienage in symptomatic patients with the nutcracker esophagus. A primary esophageal motility disorder
    • Winters C, Artnak E J, Benjamin S B, Castell D O. Esophageal bougienage in symptomatic patients with the nutcracker esophagus. A primary esophageal motility disorder. JAMA 1984; 252: 363-366.
    • (1984) JAMA , vol.252 , pp. 363-366
    • Winters, C.1    Artnak, E.J.2    Benjamin, S.B.3    Castell, D.O.4
  • 132
    • 13644256948 scopus 로고
    • Current medical therapy for esophageal motility disorders
    • Achem S R, Kolts B E. Current medical therapy for esophageal motility disorders. Am J Med 1992; 92: 98S-105S.
    • (1992) Am J Med , vol.92
    • Achem, S.R.1    Kolts, B.E.2
  • 133
    • 0030798739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ineffective esophageal motility (IME): The primary finding in patients with nonspecific esophageal motility disorder
    • Leite L, Johnston B, Barrett J, Castell J, Castell D O. Ineffective esophageal motility (IME): the primary finding in patients with nonspecific esophageal motility disorder. Dig Dis Sci 1997; 42: 1859-1865.
    • (1997) Dig Dis Sci , vol.42 , pp. 1859-1865
    • Leite, L.1    Johnston, B.2    Barrett, J.3    Castell, J.4    Castell, D.O.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.