메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 25, Issue 4, 1999, Pages 459-470

Disparity and constraint in olenelloid trilobites and the Cambrian Radiation

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADAPTIVE RADIATION; CAMBRIAN; EVOLUTION;

EID: 0033502115     PISSN: 00948373     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0094837300020327     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (34)

References (83)
  • 3
    • 12044258073 scopus 로고
    • Four permutation tests for the presence of phylogenetic structure
    • Alroy, J. 1994. Four permutation tests for the presence of phylogenetic structure. Systematic Biology 43:430-437.
    • (1994) Systematic Biology , vol.43 , pp. 430-437
    • Alroy, J.1
  • 6
    • 0006066730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative evolutionary palaeoecology: Assessing the changing ecology of the past
    • M. B. Hart, ed. Geological Society of Special Publication 102, London
    • Bottjer, D. J., J. K. Schubert, and M. L. Droser. 1996. Comparative evolutionary palaeoecology: assessing the changing ecology of the past. Pp. 1-13 in M. B. Hart, ed. Biotic recovery from mass extinction events. Geological Society of Special Publication 102, London.
    • (1996) Biotic Recovery from Mass Extinction Events , pp. 1-13
    • Bottjer, D.J.1    Schubert, J.K.2    Droser, M.L.3
  • 8
    • 0030464245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrated chemo- and biostratigraphic calibration of early animal evolution: Neoproterozoic-Early Cambrian of southwest Mongolia
    • Brasier, M. D., G. Shields, V. N. Kuleshov, and E. A. Zhegallo. 1996. Integrated chemo- and biostratigraphic calibration of early animal evolution: Neoproterozoic-Early Cambrian of southwest Mongolia. Geological Magazine 133:445-485.
    • (1996) Geological Magazine , vol.133 , pp. 445-485
    • Brasier, M.D.1    Shields, G.2    Kuleshov, V.N.3    Zhegallo, E.A.4
  • 9
    • 0024910831 scopus 로고
    • The early radiation and relationships of the major arthropod groups
    • Briggs, D. E. G., and R. A. Fortey. 1989. The early radiation and relationships of the major arthropod groups. Science 246:241-243.
    • (1989) Science , vol.246 , pp. 241-243
    • Briggs, D.E.G.1    Fortey, R.A.2
  • 10
    • 0026491984 scopus 로고
    • Morphological disparity in the Cambrian
    • Briggs, D. E. G., R. A. Fortey, and M. A. Wills. 1992. Morphological disparity in the Cambrian. Science 256:1670-1673.
    • (1992) Science , vol.256 , pp. 1670-1673
    • Briggs, D.E.G.1    Fortey, R.A.2    Wills, M.A.3
  • 12
    • 0027386375 scopus 로고
    • The fossil record and the early evolution of the Metazoa
    • Conway Morris, S. 1993. The fossil record and the early evolution of the Metazoa. Nature 361:219-225.
    • (1993) Nature , vol.361 , pp. 219-225
    • Conway Morris, S.1
  • 13
    • 0025247511 scopus 로고
    • Articulated halkeriids from the Lower Cambrian of north Greenland
    • Conway Morris, S., and J. S. Peel. 1990. Articulated halkeriids from the Lower Cambrian of north Greenland. Nature 345: 802-805.
    • (1990) Nature , vol.345 , pp. 802-805
    • Conway Morris, S.1    Peel, J.S.2
  • 14
    • 84879882245 scopus 로고
    • Ordovician increase in extent and depth of bioturbation: Implications for understanding early Paleozoic ecospace utilization
    • Droser, M. L., and D. J. Bottjer. 1989. Ordovician increase in extent and depth of bioturbation: implications for understanding early Paleozoic ecospace utilization. Geology 17:850-852.
    • (1989) Geology , vol.17 , pp. 850-852
    • Droser, M.L.1    Bottjer, D.J.2
  • 16
    • 0002224909 scopus 로고
    • Punctuated equilibria: An alternative to phyletic gradualism
    • T. J. M. Schopf, ed. Freeman, Cooper, San Francisco
    • Eldredge, N., and S. J. Gould. 1972. Punctuated equilibria: an alternative to phyletic gradualism. Pp. 82-115 in T. J. M. Schopf, ed. Models in paleobiology. Freeman, Cooper, San Francisco.
    • (1972) Models in Paleobiology , pp. 82-115
    • Eldredge, N.1    Gould, S.J.2
  • 17
    • 0001800339 scopus 로고
    • The place of ancestor-descendant relationships in phylogeny reconstruction
    • Engelmann, G. F., and E. O. Wiley. 1977. The place of ancestor-descendant relationships in phylogeny reconstruction. Systematic Zoology 26:1-11.
    • (1977) Systematic Zoology , vol.26 , pp. 1-11
    • Engelmann, G.F.1    Wiley, E.O.2
  • 18
    • 0027141156 scopus 로고
    • The origin of metazoan development: A palaeobiological perspective
    • Erwin, D. H. 1993. The origin of metazoan development: a palaeobiological perspective. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 50:255-274.
    • (1993) Biological Journal of the Linnean Society , vol.50 , pp. 255-274
    • Erwin, D.H.1
  • 21
    • 0023641357 scopus 로고
    • A comparative study of diversification events: The early Paleozoic versus the Mesozoic
    • Erwin, D. H., J. W. Valentine, and J. J. Sepkoski, Jr. 1987. A comparative study of diversification events: the early Paleozoic versus the Mesozoic. Evolution 41:1177-1186.
    • (1987) Evolution , vol.41 , pp. 1177-1186
    • Erwin, D.H.1    Valentine, J.W.2    Sepkoski J.J., Jr.3
  • 23
    • 0000911746 scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetic analysis and its implications in evolutionary paleobiology
    • N. L. Gilinsky and P. W. Signor, eds. Palaeontological Society, Knoxville, Tenn
    • Fisher, D. C., 1991. Phylogenetic analysis and its implications in evolutionary paleobiology. In N. L. Gilinsky and P. W. Signor, eds. Analytical paleobiology. Short Courses in Paleobiology 4:103-122. Palaeontological Society, Knoxville, Tenn.
    • (1991) Analytical Paleobiology. Short Courses in Paleobiology , vol.4 , pp. 103-122
    • Fisher, D.C.1
  • 24
    • 0002603603 scopus 로고
    • Stratocladistics: Morphological and temporal patterns and their relation to phylogenetic process
    • L. Grande and O. Rieppel, eds. Academic Press, Orlando, Fla
    • _. 1994. Stratocladistics: morphological and temporal patterns and their relation to phylogenetic process. Pp. 133-171 in L. Grande and O. Rieppel, eds. Interpreting the hierarchy of nature - from systematic patterns to evolutionary process theories. Academic Press, Orlando, Fla.
    • (1994) Interpreting the Hierarchy of Nature - from Systematic Patterns to Evolutionary Process Theories , pp. 133-171
  • 25
    • 0024910972 scopus 로고
    • Perimeter-based fourier analysis: A new morphometric method applied to the trilobite cranidium
    • Foote, M. 1989. Perimeter-based Fourier analysis: a new morphometric method applied to the trilobite cranidium. Journal of Paleontology 63:880-385.
    • (1989) Journal of Paleontology , vol.63 , pp. 880-1385
    • Foote, M.1
  • 26
    • 0000138415 scopus 로고
    • Nearest-neighbor analysis of trilobite morphospace
    • _. 1990. Nearest-neighbor analysis of trilobite morphospace. Systematic Zoology 39:371-382.
    • (1990) Systematic Zoology , vol.39 , pp. 371-382
  • 27
    • 0026306681 scopus 로고
    • Morphologic patterns of diversification: Examples from trilobites
    • _. 1991a. Morphologic patterns of diversification: examples from trilobites Palaeontology 34:461-485.
    • (1991) Palaeontology , vol.34 , pp. 461-485
  • 28
    • 0000235369 scopus 로고
    • Morphological and taxonomic diversity in a clade's history: The blastoid record and stochastic simulations
    • University of Michigan
    • _. 1991b. Morphological and taxonomic diversity in a clade's history: the blastoid record and stochastic simulations. Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 28:101-140.
    • (1991) Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology , vol.28 , pp. 101-140
  • 29
    • 0026447486 scopus 로고
    • Rarefaction analysis of morphological and taxonomic diversity
    • _. 1992. Rarefaction analysis of morphological and taxonomic diversity. Paleobiology 18:1-16.
    • (1992) Paleobiology , vol.18 , pp. 1-16
  • 30
    • 0027383095 scopus 로고
    • Discordance and concordance between morphological and taxonomic diversity
    • _. 1993. Discordance and concordance between morphological and taxonomic diversity. Paleobiology 19:185-204.
    • (1993) Paleobiology , vol.19 , pp. 185-204
  • 31
    • 0028595225 scopus 로고
    • Morphological disparity in Ordovician-Devonian crinoids and the early saturation of morphological space
    • _. 1994. Morphological disparity in Ordovician-Devonian crinoids and the early saturation of morphological space. Paleobiology 20:320-344.
    • (1994) Paleobiology , vol.20 , pp. 320-344
  • 32
    • 0028982725 scopus 로고
    • Morphological diversification of Paleozoic crinoids
    • _. 1995. Morphological diversification of Paleozoic crinoids. Paleobiology 21:273-299.
    • (1995) Paleobiology , vol.21 , pp. 273-299
  • 33
    • 0029659559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecological controls on the evolutionary recovery of post-paleozoic crinoids
    • _. 1996a. Ecological controls on the evolutionary recovery of post-Paleozoic crinoids. Science 274:1492-1495.
    • (1996) Science , vol.274 , pp. 1492-1495
  • 34
    • 0002692351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Models of morphological diversification
    • D. Jablonski, D. H. Erwin, and J. H. Lipps, eds. University of Chicago Press, Chicago
    • _. 1996b. Models of morphological diversification. Pp. 62-86 in D. Jablonski, D. H. Erwin, and J. H. Lipps, eds. Evolutionary paleobiology. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
    • (1996) Evolutionary Paleobiology , pp. 62-86
  • 35
    • 0031450565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evolution of morphological diversity
    • _. 1997. The evolution of morphological diversity. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 28:129-152.
    • (1997) Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics , vol.28 , pp. 129-152
  • 36
    • 4243344109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Cambrian evolutionary 'explosion': Decoupling cladogenesis from morphological disparity
    • Fortey, R. A., D. E. G. Briggs, and M. A. Wills. 1996. The Cambrian evolutionary 'explosion': decoupling cladogenesis from morphological disparity. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 57:13-33.
    • (1996) Biological Journal of the Linnean Society , vol.57 , pp. 13-33
    • Fortey, R.A.1    Briggs, D.E.G.2    Wills, M.A.3
  • 38
    • 0026269216 scopus 로고
    • The disparity of the Burgess Shale arthropod fauna and the limits of cladistic analysis. Why we must strive to quantify morphospace
    • _. 1991. The disparity of the Burgess Shale arthropod fauna and the limits of cladistic analysis. Why we must strive to quantify morphospace. Paleobiology 17:411-423.
    • (1991) Paleobiology , vol.17 , pp. 411-423
  • 39
    • 0023528724 scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetic studies of co-adaptation: Preferred temperatures versus optimal performance temperatures of lizards
    • Huey, R. B., and A. F. Bennett. 1987. Phylogenetic studies of co-adaptation: preferred temperatures versus optimal performance temperatures of lizards. Evolution 41:1098-1115.
    • (1987) Evolution , vol.41 , pp. 1098-1115
    • Huey, R.B.1    Bennett, A.F.2
  • 40
    • 84874997650 scopus 로고
    • Morphological plasticity and genetic flexibility in a Cambrian trilobite
    • Hughes, N. C. 1991. Morphological plasticity and genetic flexibility in a Cambrian trilobite. Geology 19:913-916.
    • (1991) Geology , vol.19 , pp. 913-916
    • Hughes, N.C.1
  • 41
    • 0002767368 scopus 로고
    • Ontogeny, intraspecific variation, and systematics of the Late Cambrian trilobite Dikelocephalus
    • _. 1994. Ontogeny, intraspecific variation, and systematics of the Late Cambrian trilobite Dikelocephalus. Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 79:1-89.
    • (1994) Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology , vol.79 , pp. 1-89
  • 42
    • 0029500738 scopus 로고
    • Growth and variation in the Silurian proetide trilobite Aulacopleura konincki and its implications for trilobite paleobiology
    • Hughes, N. C., and R. E. Chapman. 1995. Growth and variation in the Silurian proetide trilobite Aulacopleura konincki and its implications for trilobite paleobiology. Lethaia 28:333-353.
    • (1995) Lethaia , vol.28 , pp. 333-353
    • Hughes, N.C.1    Chapman, R.E.2
  • 43
  • 44
    • 0030450112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrated chronostratigraphy of Proterozoic-Cambrian boundary beds in the western Anabar region, northern Siberia
    • Kaufman, A. J., A. H. Knoll, M. A. Semikhatov, J. P. Grotzinger, S. B. Jacobsen, and W. Adams. 1996. Integrated chronostratigraphy of Proterozoic-Cambrian boundary beds in the western Anabar region, northern Siberia. Geological Magazine 133: 509-533.
    • (1996) Geological Magazine , vol.133 , pp. 509-533
    • Kaufman, A.J.1    Knoll, A.H.2    Semikhatov, M.A.3    Grotzinger, J.P.4    Jacobsen, S.B.5    Adams, W.6
  • 45
    • 0025957970 scopus 로고
    • The Precambrian/Cambrian boundary: Magneto-stratigraphy and carbon isotopes resolve correlation problems between Siberia, Morocco, and South China
    • Kirschvink, J. L., M. Margaritz, R. L. Ripperdan, and A. Y. Zhuralev. 1991. The Precambrian/Cambrian boundary: magneto-stratigraphy and carbon isotopes resolve correlation problems between Siberia, Morocco, and South China. GSA Today 1:70-91.
    • (1991) GSA Today , vol.1 , pp. 70-91
    • Kirschvink, J.L.1    Margaritz, M.2    Ripperdan, R.L.3    Zhuralev, A.Y.4
  • 46
    • 0030323937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Daughter of time
    • Knoll, A. H. 1996. Daughter of time. Paleobiology 22:1-7.
    • (1996) Paleobiology , vol.22 , pp. 1-7
    • Knoll, A.H.1
  • 48
    • 0031907644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cladistic analysis of the Early Cambrian olenelloid trilobites
    • Lieberman, B. S. 1998a. Cladistic analysis of the Early Cambrian olenelloid trilobites. Journal of Paleontology 72:59-78.
    • (1998) Journal of Paleontology , vol.72 , pp. 59-78
    • Lieberman, B.S.1
  • 49
    • 85038040568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A probabilistic analysis of rates of evolution during the Cambrian radiation
    • _. 1998b. A probabilistic analysis of rates of evolution during the Cambrian radiation. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs 30:A233.
    • (1998) Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs , vol.30
  • 50
    • 0001890861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic revision of the Olenelloidea and patterns of evolution in trilobites during the Cambrian radiation
    • in press
    • _. 1999. Systematic revision of the Olenelloidea and patterns of evolution in trilobites during the Cambrian radiation. Bulletin of the Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History (in press).
    • (1999) Bulletin of the Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History
  • 51
    • 84960578999 scopus 로고
    • Squared-change parsimony reconstructions of ancestral states for continuous-valued characters on a phylogenetic tree
    • Maddison, W. P. 1991. Squared-change parsimony reconstructions of ancestral states for continuous-valued characters on a phylogenetic tree. Systematic Zoology 40:304-314.
    • (1991) Systematic Zoology , vol.40 , pp. 304-314
    • Maddison, W.P.1
  • 54
    • 0030619995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogenies and the comparative method: A general approach to incorporating phylogenetic information into the analysis of interspecific data
    • Martins, E. P., and T. F. Hansen. 1997. Phylogenies and the comparative method: a general approach to incorporating phylogenetic information into the analysis of interspecific data. American Naturalist 149:646-667.
    • (1997) American Naturalist , vol.149 , pp. 646-667
    • Martins, E.P.1    Hansen, T.F.2
  • 55
    • 0002243237 scopus 로고
    • The role of heterochrony in the evolution of Cambrian trilobites
    • McNamara, K. J., 1986. The role of heterochrony in the evolution of Cambrian trilobites. Biological Reviews 61:121-156.
    • (1986) Biological Reviews , vol.61 , pp. 121-156
    • McNamara, K.J.1
  • 56
    • 0000242221 scopus 로고
    • The recognition of ancestors
    • Paul, C. R. C. 1992. The recognition of ancestors. Historical Biology 5:239-250.
    • (1992) Historical Biology , vol.5 , pp. 239-250
    • Paul, C.R.C.1
  • 57
    • 0000625869 scopus 로고
    • Analyzing tables of statistical tests
    • Rice, W. R. 1989. Analyzing tables of statistical tests. Evolution 43:223-225.
    • (1989) Evolution , vol.43 , pp. 223-225
    • Rice, W.R.1
  • 59
    • 84860428591 scopus 로고
    • Extensions of the Procrustes method for the optimal superimposition of landmarks
    • Rohlf, F. J., and D. Slice. 1990. Extensions of the Procrustes method for the optimal superimposition of landmarks. Systematic Zoology 39:40-59.
    • (1990) Systematic Zoology , vol.39 , pp. 40-59
    • Rohlf, F.J.1    Slice, D.2
  • 60
    • 0030313254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morphometric analysis of Old World Talpidae (Mammalia, Insectivora) using partial-warp scores
    • Rohlf, F. J., A. Loy, and M. Corti. 1996. Morphometric analysis of Old World Talpidae (Mammalia, Insectivora) using partial-warp scores. Systematic Biology 45:344-362.
    • (1996) Systematic Biology , vol.45 , pp. 344-362
    • Rohlf, F.J.1    Loy, A.2    Corti, M.3
  • 61
    • 0026492086 scopus 로고
    • Some problems concerning the Precambrian-Cambrian transition and the Cambrian faunal radiation
    • London
    • Rozanov, A. Y. 1992. Some problems concerning the Precambrian-Cambrian transition and the Cambrian faunal radiation. Journal of the Geological Society, London 149:593-598.
    • (1992) Journal of the Geological Society , vol.149 , pp. 593-598
    • Rozanov, A.Y.1
  • 62
    • 0031417707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Likelihood of ancestor states in adaptive radiation
    • Schluter, D., T. Price, A. Ø. Mooers, and D. Ludwig. 1997. Likelihood of ancestor states in adaptive radiation. Evolution 51: 1699-1711.
    • (1997) Evolution , vol.51 , pp. 1699-1711
    • Schluter, D.1    Price, T.2    Mooers, A.Ø.3    Ludwig, D.4
  • 63
    • 0000335620 scopus 로고
    • Developmental correlates of genome size in plethodontid salamanders and their implications for genome evolution
    • Sessions, S. K., and A. Larson. 1987. Developmental correlates of genome size in plethodontid salamanders and their implications for genome evolution. Evolution 41:1239-1251.
    • (1987) Evolution , vol.41 , pp. 1239-1251
    • Sessions, S.K.1    Larson, A.2
  • 66
    • 0031814551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Species level phenotypic variation in lower Paleozoic trilobites
    • _. 1998a. Species level phenotypic variation in lower Paleozoic trilobites. Paleobiology 24:17-36.
    • (1998) Paleobiology , vol.24 , pp. 17-36
  • 67
    • 0031668640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Asymmetry of early Paleozoic trilobites
    • _. 1998b. Asymmetry of early Paleozoic trilobites. Lethaia 31:99-112.
    • (1998) Lethaia , vol.31 , pp. 99-112
  • 68
    • 0033403955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morphometric analysis of inarticulate brachiopods through the Phanerozoic
    • Smith, L. H., and P. M. Bunje. 1999. Morphometric analysis of inarticulate brachiopods through the Phanerozoic. Paleobiology 25:396-408.
    • (1999) Paleobiology , vol.25 , pp. 396-408
    • Smith, L.H.1    Bunje, P.M.2
  • 72
    • 0029751144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morphological diversification of Ptychopariida (Trilobita) from the Marjumiid biomere (Middle and upper Cambrian)
    • Sundberg, F. A. 1996. Morphological diversification of Ptychopariida (Trilobita) from the Marjumiid biomere (Middle and Upper Cambrian). Paleobiology 22:49-65.
    • (1996) Paleobiology , vol.22 , pp. 49-65
    • Sundberg, F.A.1
  • 73
    • 0027137535 scopus 로고
    • Morphological evolution of the scapula in tree squirrels, chipmunks, and ground squirrels (Sciuridae): An analysis using thin-plate splines
    • Swiderski, D. L. 1993. Morphological evolution of the scapula in tree squirrels, chipmunks, and ground squirrels (Sciuridae): an analysis using thin-plate splines. Evolution 47:1854-1873.
    • (1993) Evolution , vol.47 , pp. 1854-1873
    • Swiderski, D.L.1
  • 74
    • 0000142497 scopus 로고
    • Reconstructing ancestral character states under Wagner parsimony
    • Swofford, D. L., and W. P. Maddison. 1987. Reconstructing ancestral character states under Wagner parsimony. Mathematical Biosciences 87:199-229.
    • (1987) Mathematical Biosciences , vol.87 , pp. 199-229
    • Swofford, D.L.1    Maddison, W.P.2
  • 75
    • 0028163267 scopus 로고
    • Morphological complexity increase in metazoans
    • Valentine, J. W., A. G. Collins, and C. P. Meyer. 1994. Morphological complexity increase in metazoans. Paleobiology 20: 131-142.
    • (1994) Paleobiology , vol.20 , pp. 131-142
    • Valentine, J.W.1    Collins, A.G.2    Meyer, C.P.3
  • 76
    • 0031459947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biodiversity, speciation, and extinction trends of Proterozoic and Cambrian phytoplankton
    • Vidal, G., and M. Moczydlowska-Vidal. 1997. Biodiversity, speciation, and extinction trends of Proterozoic and Cambrian phytoplankton. Paleobiology 23:230-246.
    • (1997) Paleobiology , vol.23 , pp. 230-246
    • Vidal, G.1    Moczydlowska-Vidal, M.2
  • 77
    • 0002919121 scopus 로고
    • Evolution, species and fossils: How does life evolve?
    • Vrba, E. S. 1980. Evolution, species and fossils: how does life evolve? South African Journal of Science 76:61-84.
    • (1980) South African Journal of Science , vol.76 , pp. 61-84
    • Vrba, E.S.1
  • 78
    • 0028982724 scopus 로고
    • Testing evolutionary constraint hypotheses with early Paleozoic gastropods
    • Wagner, P. J. 1995. Testing evolutionary constraint hypotheses with early Paleozoic gastropods. Paleobiology 21:248-272.
    • (1995) Paleobiology , vol.21 , pp. 248-272
    • Wagner, P.J.1
  • 79
    • 0030843902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patterns of morphologic diversification among the Rostroconchia
    • _. 1997. Patterns of morphologic diversification among the Rostroconchia. Paleobiology 23:115-150.
    • (1997) Paleobiology , vol.23 , pp. 115-150
  • 81
    • 0028163272 scopus 로고
    • Disparity as an evolutionary index: A comparison of Cambrian and Recent arthropods
    • Wills, M. A., D. E. G. Briggs, and R. A. Fortey. 1994. Disparity as an evolutionary index: a comparison of Cambrian and Recent arthropods. Paleobiology 20:93-130.
    • (1994) Paleobiology , vol.20 , pp. 93-130
    • Wills, M.A.1    Briggs, D.E.G.2    Fortey, R.A.3
  • 82
    • 0030425648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular evidence for deep Precambrian divergences among Metazoan phyla
    • Wray, G. A., J. S. Levinton, and L. H. Shapiro. 1996. Molecular evidence for deep Precambrian divergences among Metazoan phyla. Science 274:568-573.
    • (1996) Science , vol.274 , pp. 568-573
    • Wray, G.A.1    Levinton, J.S.2    Shapiro, L.H.3
  • 83
    • 0032484945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three-dimensional preservation of algae and animal embryos in a Neoproterozoic phosphorite
    • Xiao, S., Y. Zhang, and A. H. Knoll. 1998. Three-dimensional preservation of algae and animal embryos in a Neoproterozoic phosphorite. Nature 351:553-558.
    • (1998) Nature , vol.351 , pp. 553-558
    • Xiao, S.1    Zhang, Y.2    Knoll, A.H.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.