Fatty acids and endothelial cell function: Regulation of adhesion molecule and redox enzyme expression

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care

Volumn 2, Issue 2, 1999, Pages 109-115

  Wahle, Klaus W J ^a   Rotondo, Dino ^b  

^a ROWETT RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF STRATHCLYDE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CELL ADHESION MOLECULE; EDIBLE OIL; FATTY ACID; OMEGA 3 FATTY ACID; OMEGA 6 FATTY ACID; UNSATURATED FATTY ACID; VASCULAR CELL ADHESION MOLECULE 1;

ANIMAL; DRUG EFFECT; ENZYMOLOGY; HUMAN; METABOLISM; OXIDATION REDUCTION REACTION; PHYSIOLOGY; REVIEW; VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM;

ANIMALS; CELL ADHESION MOLECULES; DIETARY FATS, UNSATURATED; ENDOTHELIUM, VASCULAR; FATTY ACIDS; FATTY ACIDS, OMEGA-3; FATTY ACIDS, OMEGA-6; FATTY ACIDS, UNSATURATED; HUMANS; OXIDATION-REDUCTION; VASCULAR CELL ADHESION MOLECULE-1;

EID: 0033088151     PISSN: 13631950     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00075197-199903000-00003     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Dyerberg J, Bang HO, Stofferson E, Moncada S, Vane JR. Eicosa pentaenoic acid and prevention of thrombosis and atherosclerosis. Lancet 1978; 2:117-119.
2. Kromhout D, Bosschieter EB, De Lezenne Coulander C. The inverse relation between fish consumption and twenty year mortality from coronary heart disease. N Engl J Med 1985; 312:1205-1209.
3. Steinberg D, Parthasarathy S, Carew TE, Khoo JC, Witztum JL. Beyond cholesterol-modifications of low density lipoprotein that increases its atherogenicity. N Engl J Med 1989; 320:915-924.
4. Leaf A, Weber PC. Cardiovascular effects of n-3 fatty acids. N Engl J Med 1988; 318:549-557.
5. Ross R. The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis: a perspective for the 1990s. Nature 1993; 362:801-809.
6. Sen CK, Packer L. Antioxidant and redox regulation of gene transcription. FASEB J 1996; 10:709-720.
7. Springer TA. Adhesion receptors of the immune system. Nature 1990; 346:425-434.
8. McEver RP, Cummings RD. Cell adhesion in vascular biology [perspective series]. J Clin Invest 1997; 100:485-492. This review focuses on the structure and function of P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1, a sialomucin with a clearly defined function as a selectin ligand, in relation to cell-cell interactions. The regulated expression of the selectins and their ligands initiate and terminate immune-cell adhesion and immune-inflammatory responses.
9. Mackay CR. Imhof BA. Cell adhesion in the immune system. Immunol Today 1993; 14:99-102.
10. Gerritsen ME, Carley WW, Ranges GE, Shen C-P, Phan SA, Ligon GF, Perry CA. Flavonoids inhibit cytokine-induced endothelial cell adhesion protein gene expression. Am J Pathol 1995; 147:278-292.
11. Davies MJ, Gordon JL, Gearing AJH, Pigott R, Woolf N, Katz D, Kyriakopoulos A. The expression of the adhesion molecules ICAM-1, VCAM-1, PECAM and E-Selectin in human atherosclerosis. J Pathol 1993; 171:223-229.
12. Smith CW, Martin SD, Rothlein R, Toman C, Anderson DC. Cooperative interactions of LFA-1 and Mac-1 with intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in facilitating adherence and transendothelial migration of human neutrophils in vitro. J Clin Invest 1989; 83:2008-2017.
13. Lee TH, Hoover RL, Williams JD, Sperling RI, Ravalese J III, Spur B, et al. Effect of dietary enrichment with eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids on in vitro neutrophil and monocyte leukotriene generation and neutrophil function. N Engl J Med 1985; 312:1217-1224.
14. Sanderson P, Calder PC. Dietary fish oil diminishes lymphocyte adhesion to macrophage and endothelial cell monolayers. Immunology 1998; 94:79-87. This study showed that fish oil diets decreased the expression of various adhesion molecules on concanavalin A-stimulated lymphocytes. Olive oil diets also inhibited adhesion molecules, but to a lesser extent. This suggests that fish oils can protect against inflammatory disorders.
15. Hughes DA, Pinder AC, Piper Z, Johnston IT, Lund EK. Fish oil supplementation inhibits the expression of major histocompatibility complex class II molecules and adhesion molecules on human monocytes. Am J Clin Nutr 1996; 63:267-272.
16. De Caterina R, Libby P. Control of endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecules by fatty acids. Lipids 1996; 31:S57-S63.
17. Collie-Duguid ESR, Wahle KWJ. Inhibitory effect of fish oil n-3-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids on the expression of endothelial cell adhesion molecules. Biochem Biophys Res Comm 1996; 220:969-974.
18. Collie-Duguid ESR, Wahle KWJ. Cytokine induction of adhesion molecule surface proteins: effects of fatty acids. 4th International Congress of Society for the Study of Fats and Lipids (ISSFAL); July 1997; Edinburgh. Abstr P60.
19. Huang ZH, Bates EJ, Ferrante JV, Hii CST, Poulos A, Robinson BS, Ferrante A. Inhibition of stimulus-induced endothelial cell intercellular adhesion molecule-1, E-selectin and vascular cellular hydroperoxy derivatives. Circ Res 1997; 80:149-158. This study showed that TNF-induced upregulation of adhesion molecules was inhibited by ARA and its hydroperoxy and hydroxy metabolites. hydroperoxyeico-satetraenoic acid inhibited agonist-induced protein kinase C translocation.
20. Ohlsson BG, Englund MCO, Karlsson A-LK, Knutsen E, Erixon C, Skribek H, et al. Oxidised low density lipoprotein inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced binding of nuclear factor-κB to DNA and the subsequent expression of tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β in macrophages. J Clin Invest 1996; 98:78-89.
21. De Caterina R, Bernini W, Carluccio MA, Liao JK, Libby P. Structural requirements for inhibition of cytokine-induced endothelial activation by unsaturated fatty acids. J Lipid Res 1998; 39:1062-1070. The results of this study suggested that inhibition of adhesion molecule expression is a function of the double-bond content of fatty acids, irrespective of position and configuration.
22. Farquharson A, Wu H-C, Grant I, Graf B, Choung J-J, Eremin O, et al. Possible mechanisms for the putative anti-atherogenic and anti-tumoregenic effects of conjugated polyenoic fatty acids. Lipids 1998 (in press).
23. Seljeflot I, Amesen H, Brude IR, Nenseter MS, Drevon CA, Hjermann I. Effects of omega-3 fatty acids and/or antioxidants on endothelial markers. Eur J Clin Invest 1998; 28:629-635. The authors showed that levels of soluble E-selectin, P-selectin and VCAM-1 increased when healthy volunteers ingested n-3 PUFA. They suggest that this may be deleterious, but state that the role of soluble adhesion molecules needs clarifying.
24. Zouki C, Beauchamp M, Baron C, Filep JG. Prevention of in vitro neutrophil adhesion to endothelial cells through shedding of L-selectin by C-reactive protein and peptides derived from C-reactive protein. J Clin Invest 1997; 100:522-529. The authors show that C-reactive protein and certain peptides derived from it can prevent neutrophil adhesion by increasing the shedding of L-selectin from cell surfaces. They suggest that this is another physiological mechanism for adhesion regulation.
25. Belury MA. Conjugated dienoic linoleate: a polyunsaturated fatty acid with unique chemoprotective properties. Nutr Rev 1995; 53:83-89.
26. Wahle KWJ. Atherosclerosis: cell biology and lipoproteins. Curr Opin Lipidol 1998; 9:283-285. Short review on redox regulation of adhesion molecule expression.
27. Fruebis J, Gonzalez V, Silvestre M, Palinsky W. Effect of Probucol treatment on gene expression of VCAM-1, MCP-1 and M-CSF in the aortic wall of LDL receptor deficient rabbits during early atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1997; 17:1289-1302. In untreated WHHL rabbits, marked up-regulation of VCAM-1 expression occurred at 18 weeks, which showed a high correlation with the presence of intimai macrophages. This was reduced or prevented by probucol, a potent antioxidant, suggesting that the up-regulation involves oxidative stress signals.
28. Kaneko M, Hayashi J, Saito I, Miyasaka N. Probucol down regulates E-selectin expression on cultured human vascular endothelial cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1996; 16:1047-1051.
29. Yoshikawa T, Yoshida N, Manabe H, Terasawa Y, Takemura T, Kondo M. Alpha tocopherol protects against expression of adhesion molecules on neutrophils and endothelial cells. Biofactors 1998; 7:15-19. The authors showed that tocopherol inhibited surface expression of various adhesion molecules on endothelial cells and neutrophils. This suggests that tocopherol works as an anti-inflammatory agent.
30. Faruqi RM, De La Motte CA, Di Corleto PE. α-Tocopherol inhibits agonist-induced monocyte cell adhesion to cultured human endothelial cells. J Clin Invest 1994; 94:592-600.
31. Faruqi RM, Poptic EJ, Faruqi TR, De La Motte CA, Di Corleto PE. Distinct mechanisms for N-acetylcystein inhibition of cytokine-induced E-selectin and VCAM-1 expression. Am J Physiol 1997; 273:H817-H826. The authors describe the enhancement of glutathione by N-acetylcysteine supplementation in vascular endothelial cells, and how the increased reduced:oxidized glutathione ratio inhibited interleukin-1β-induced mRNA and protein expression of the adhesion molecules E-selectin and VCAM-1. They showed that NF-κB binding to its consensus regions in the promoters of the respective adhesion molecules differed; binding to the VCAM-1 region was reduced but that to the E-selectin region was not changed.
32. Bowie AG, Moynagh PN, O'Neill LAJ. Lipid peroxidation is involved in the activation of NF-κB by tumour necrosis factor but not interleukin-1 in the human endothelial cell line ECV304. J Biol Chem 1997; 272:25941-25950. The authors of this study argue against a role for H2O2 in NF-κB activation by cytokines. In addition, they show that TNF and interleukin-1 activate NF-κB through different mechanisms in an endothelial cell line with TNF utilising iron-catalysed lipid peroxidation as a signal.
33. Toborek M, Hennig B. Fatty acid-mediated effects on the glutathione redox cycle in cultured endothelial cells. Am J Clin Nutr 1994; 59:60-65.
34. Calzada C, Vericel E, Lagarde M. Lower levels of lipid peroxide in human platelets incubated with eicosapentaenoic acid. Biochim Biophys Acta 1992; 1172:147-152.
35. Crosby AJ, Wahle KWJ, Duthie GG. Modulation of glutathione peroxidase activity in human vascular endothelial cells by fatty acids and the cytokine interleukin-1β. Biochim Biophys Acta 1996; 1303:187-192.
36. D'Allessio P, Moutet M, Coudrier E, Darquenne S, Chaudiere J. ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression induced by TNF-α are inhibited by a glutathione peroxidase mimic. Free Radic Biol Med 1998; 24:979-987. Glutathione peroxidase mimic BXT-51072 strongly inhibited TNF-induced and cycloheximide-sensitive ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression. This implicates endogenous hydroperoxides in adhesion molecule regulation.
37. Kretz-Remy C, Mehlen P, Mirault M-E, Arrigo A-P. Inhibition of IκB-α phosphorylation and degradation and subsequent NF-κB activation by glutathione peroxidase overexpression. J Cell Biol 1996; 133:1083-1093.
38. Brigelius-Flohe R, Friederichs B, Maurer S, Schultz M, Streicher R. Interleukin-2 induced nuclear factor κB activation is inhibited by overexpression of phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase in a human endothelial cell line. Biochem J 1997; 328:199-203. This study showed that over-expression of phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase inhibited NF-κB activation and that its activation by interleukin-1 is mediated by a fatty acid hydroperoxide rather than hydrogen peroxide.
39. Camandola S, Leonarduzzi G, Musso T, Varesio L, Carini R, Scavazza A, et al. Nuclear factor κB activation by arachidonic but not by eicosapentaenoic acid. Biochem Biophys Res Comm 1996; 229:643-647.
40. Rossi A, Elia G, Santoro MG. Inhibition of nuclear factor κB by prostaglandin: an effect associated with heat shock transcription factor activation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997; 94:746-750. This study showed that prostaglandin-1 inhibits NF-κB activation by inhibiting phosphorylation of the IκE and preventing its degradation; this is associated with increased heat shock factor activation.
41. Robinson DR, Urakaze M, Huang RY, Taki H, Sugiyama E, Knoell CT, et al. Dietary marine lipids suppress continuous expression of interleukin-1β gene transcription. Lipids 1996; 31:S23-S31.
42. Endres S, Ghorbani R, Kelley VE, Georgilis K, Lonnemann G, van der Meer JWM, el al. The effect of dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on the synthesis of interleukin-1 and tumour necrosis factor by mononuclear cells. New Engl J Med 1989; 320:265-271.
43. Kelly DS, Nelson GJ, Branch LB, Taylor PC, Rivera YM, Schmidt PC. Salmon diet and human immune status. Eur J Clin Nutr 1992; 46:397-404.
44. Ertel W, Morrison MH, Ayala A, Chaudry IH. Modulation of macrophage membrane phopholipids by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids increases interleukin-1 release and prevents suppression of cellular immunity following hemorrhagic shock. Arch Surg 1993; 128:15-21.
45. Baldie G, Kaimakamis D, Rotondo D. Fatty acid modulation of cytokine release from human monocytic cells. Biochim Biophys Acta 1993; 1179:125-133.
46. Rothman D, Allen H, Herzog L, Pilapil A, Seiler CM, Zurier RB. Effects of unsaturated fatty acids on interleukin-1 beta production by human monocytes. Cytokine 1997; 9:1008-1012.
47. Davidson J, Bonner SA, Rotondo D. Eicosapentaenoic acid attenuates the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in human blood. Br J Pharmacol 1997; 122:P355.
48. Rotondo D, Kerr A, Davidspn J. Prostaglandin EP-receptor regulation of E. Coli O157 phagocytosis by human blood monocytes [abstract]. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 1998; 358 (suppl 2):P2032.
49. Ohish S, Utsunomiya I, Yamamoto T, Komuro Y, Hara Y. Effects of prostaglandins and cyclic AMP on cytokine production in rat leukocytes. Eur J Pharmacol 1996; 300:255-259.