Effects of spaceflight on rhesus quadrupedal locomotion after return to 1G

Journal of Neurophysiology

Volumn 81, Issue 5, 1999, Pages 2451-2463

  Recktenwald, Matthew R ^a   Hodgson, John A ^a   Roy, Roland R ^a   Riazanski, Sergey ^b   McCall, Gary E ^a   Kozlovskaya, Inessa ^b   Washburn, David A ^c   Fanton, John W ^c   Edgerton, V Reggie ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b INSTITUTE OF BIOMEDICAL PROBLEMS   (Russian Federation)

^c OREGON HEALTH AND SCIENCE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ARTICLE; CLONUS; ELECTROMYOGRAM; FEEDBACK SYSTEM; GASTROCNEMIUS MUSCLE; GRAVITY; LOCOMOTION; MALE; MOTOR UNIT; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROPRIOCEPTION; REFLEX RECRUITMENT; RHESUS MONKEY; SOLEUS MUSCLE; SPACE FLIGHT; TENDON; TIBIALIS ANTERIOR MUSCLE; VASTUS LATERALIS MUSCLE;

EID: 0033058458     PISSN: 00223077     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1152/jn.1999.81.5.2451     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. ALFORD, E. K., ROY, R. R., HODGSON, J. A., AND EDGERTON, V. R. Electromyography of rat soleus, medial gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior during hindlimb suspension. Exp. Neurol. 96: 635-649, 1987.
2. BODINE-FOWLER, S. C., ROY, R. R., RUDOLPH, W., HAQUE, N., KOZLOVSKAYA, I. B., AND EDGERTON, V. R. Spaceflight and growth effects on muscle fibers in the Rhesus monkey. J. Appl. Physiol. 73, Suppl.: 82S-89S, 1992.
3. CLEMENT, G. AND LESTIENNE, F. Adaptive modifications of postural attitude in conditions of weightlessness. Exp. Brain Res. 72: 381-389, 1988.
4. DE GUZMAN, C. P., ROY, R. R., HODGSON, J. A., AND EDGERTON, V. R. Coordination of motor pools controlling the ankle musculature in adult spinal cats during treadmill walking. Brain Res. 555: 202-214, 1991.
5. DE LEON, R. D., HODGSON, J. A., ROY, R. R., AND EDGERTON, V. R. Locomotor capacity attributable to step training versus spontaneous recovery following spinalization in adult cats. J. Neurophysiol. 79: 1329-1340, 1998a.
6. DE LEON, R. D., HODGSON, J. A., ROY, R. R., AND EDGERTON, V. R. Full weight-bearing hindlimb standing following stand training in the adult spinal cat. J. Neurophysiol. 80: 83-91, 1998b.
7. EDGERTON, V. R. AND ROY, R. R. Neuromuscular adaptation to actual and simulated weightlessness. In: Advances in Space Biology and Medicine, edited by S. L. Bonting. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press, 1994, vol. 4, p. 33-67.
8. EDGERTON, V. R. AND ROY, R. R. Neuromuscular adaptations to actual and simulated spaceflight. In: Handbook of Physiology. Environmental Physiology. The Gravitational Environment. New York: Oxford, 1996, sect. 4, vol. III, chapt. 32, p. 721-763.
9. EDGERTON, V. R. AND ROY, R. R. Response of skeletal muscle to spaceflight. In: Fundamentals of Space Life Sciences, edited by S. E. Churchill. Malabar, FL: Krieger Publishing, 1997, chapt. 7, p. 105-120.
10. EDGERTON, V. R., ROY, R. R., DE LEON, R., TILLAKARATNE, N., AND HODGSON, J. A. Does motor learning occur in the spinal cord? Neuroscientist 3: 287-294, 1997.
11. EDGERTON, V. R., ROY, R. R., HODGSON, J. A., PROBER, R. J., DE GUZMAN, C. P., AND DE LEON, R. Potential of adult mammalian lumbosacral spinal cord to execute and acquire improved locomotion in the absence of supraspinal input. J. Neurotrauma 9: S119-128, 1992.
12. 2+ sensitivity of fast and slow monkey skeletal muscle fibers. J. Appl. Physiol. 84: 1776-1787, 1998.
13. HARKEMA, S. J., HURLEY, S. L., PATEL, U. K., REQUEJO, P. S., DOBKIN, B. H., AND EDGERTON, V. R. Human lumbosacral spinal cord interprets loading during stepping. J. Neurophysiol. 77: 797-811, 1997.
14. HODGSON, J. A. The relationship between soleus and gastrocnemius muscle activity in conscious cats - a model for motor unit recruitment? J. Physiol. (Lond.) 337: 553-562, 1983.
15. HODGSON, J. A., BODINE-FOWLER, S. C., ROY, R. R., DE LEON, R. D., DE GUZMAN, C. P., KOSLOVSKAYA, I., SIROTA, M., AND EDGERTON, V. R. Changes in recruitment of Rhesus soleus and gastrocnemius muscles following a 14 day spaceflight. Physiologist 34, Suppl.: S102-S103, 1991.
16. HODGSON, J. A., ROY, R. R., DE LEON, R., DOBKIN, B., AND EDGERTON, V. R. Can the mammalian lumbar spinal cord learn a motor task? Med. Sci. Sports Exercise 26: 1491-1497, 1994.
17. HUROV, J. R. Monkey locomotion during gait transitions: How do interlimb time intervals, step sequences, and kinematics change? Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 66: 417-427, 1985.
18. HUTCHISON, D. L., ROY, R. R., BODINE-FOWLER, S., HODGSON, J. A., AND EDGERTON, V. R. EMG amplitude in the proximal and distal compartments of the cat semitendinosus during various motor tasks. Brain Res. 479: 56-64, 1989.
19. ISHIDA, H., KUMAKURA, H., AND KONDO, S. Primate bipedalism and quadrupedalism: comparative electromyography. In: Primate Morphophysiology, Locomotor Analyses and Human Bipedalism, edited by S. Kondo. Tokyo, Jpn: University of Tokyo Press, 1985, p. 59-80.
20. ISHIHARA, A., OHIRA, Y., ROY, R. R., NAGAOKA, S., SEKIGUCHI, C., HINDS, W. E., AND EDGERTON, V. R. Influence of spaceflight on succinate dehydrogenase activity and soma size of rat ventral horn neurons. Acta Anat. 157: 303-308, 1996.
21. ISHIHARA, A., OHIRA, Y., ROY, R. R., NAGAOKA, S., SEKIGUCHI, C., HINDS, W. E., AND EDGERTON, V. R. Effects of 14 days of spaceflight and 9 days of recovery on cell body size and succinate dehydrogenase activity of rat dorsal root ganglion neurons. Neuroscience 81: 275-279, 1997.
22. IWAMOTO, M. Bipedalism of Japanese monkeys and carrying models of hominization. In: Primate Morphophysiohgy, Locomotor Analyses and Human Bipedalism, edited by S. Kondo. Tokyo, Jpn: University of Tokyo Press, 1985, p. 251-260.
23. KIMURA, T. Bipedal and quadrupedal walking of primates: Comparative dynamics. In: Primate Morphophysiology, Locomotor Analyses and Human Bipedalism, edited by S. Kondo. Tokyo, Jpn: University of Tokyo Press, 1985, p. 81-104.
24. KOMI, P. V., SALONEN, M., JARVINEN, M., AND KOKKO, O. In vivo registration of Achilles tendon forces in man. I. Methodological development. Int. J. Sports Med. 1: 3-8, 1987.
25. KOROLKOV, V., HELWIG, D., VISO, M., AND CONNOLLY, J. Cosmos 2229 mission: overview. J. Appl. Physiol. 81: 186-187, 1996.
26. KOZLOVSKAYA, I., DMITRIEVA, I., GRIGORIEVA, L., KIRENSKAYA, A., AND KREIDICH, Y. Gravitational mechanisms in the motor system, studies in real and simulated weightlessness. In: Stance and Motion, Facts and Concepts, edited by V. Gurfinkel, M. E. Ioffe, J. Massion, J. P. Roll. New York: Plenum, New York, 1988, p. 37-48.
27. KOZLOVSKAYA, I. B., KREIDICH, Y. V., OGANOV, V. S., AND KOSERENKO, O. P. Pathophysiology of motor functions in prolonged manned space flights. Acta Astronaut. 8: 1059-1072, 1981.
28. LAYNE, C. S., MCDONALD, P. V., AND BLOOMBERG, J. J. Neuromuscular activation patterns during treadmill walking after spaceflight. Exp. Brain Res. 113: 104-116, 1997.
29. LESTIENNE, F. G. AND GURFINKEL, V. S. Postural control in weightlessness: a dual process underlying adaptation to an unusual environment. Trends Neurosci. 11: 359-363, 1988.
30. LITTELL, R. C., MILLIKEN, G. A., STROUP, W. W., AND WOFINGER, R. D. SAS System for Mixed Models. Cary, NC: SAS Institute, 1996.
31. LOVELY, R. G., GREGOR, R. J., ROY, R. R., AND EDGERTON, V. R. Weight-bearing hindlimb stepping in treadmill-exercised adult spinal cats. Brain Res. 514: 206-218, 1990.
32. MENDELL, L., COLLINS, W., III, AND KOERBER, H. How are Ia synapses distributed on spinal motoneurons to permit orderly recruitment? In: The Segmental Motor System, edited by M. D. Binder. New York: Oxford, 1990, p. 308-327.
33. PEARSON, K. G. Proprioceptive regulation of locomotion. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 5: 786-791, 1995.
34. PIEROTTI, D. J., ROY, R. R., GREGOR, R. J., AND EDGERTON, V. R. Electromyographic activity of cat hindlimb flexors and extensors during locomotion at varying speeds and inclines. Brain Res. 481: 57-66, 1989.
35. REYNOLDS, T. R. Mechanics of increased support of weight by the hindlimbs in primates. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 67: 335-349, 1985.
36. ROLL, J. P., POPOV, K., GURFINKEL, V., LIPSHITS, M., ANDRE-DESHAYS, C., GILHODES, J. C., AND QUONIAM, C. Sensorimotor and perceptual function of muscle proprioception in microgravity. J. Vestibular Res. 3: 259-273, 1993.
37. ROY, R. R., BALDWIN, K. M., AND EDGERTON, V. R. The plasticity of skeletal muscle: effects of neuromuscular activity. Exercise Sports Sci. Rev. 19: 269-312, 1991a.
38. ROY, R. R., BALDWIN, K. M., AND EDGERTON, V. R. Response of the neuromuscular unit to spaceflight: what has been learned from the rat model? Exercise Sports Sci. Rev. 24: 399-425, 1996a.
39. ROY, R. R., HODGSON, J. A., ARAGON, J., DAY, M. K., KOZLOVSKAYA, I., AND EDGERTON, V. R. Recruitment of the rhesus soleus and medial gastrocnemius before, during and after spaceflight. J. Grav. Physiol. 3: 11-16, 1996b.
40. ROY, R. R., HUTCHISON, D. L., PIEROTTI, D. J., HODGSON, J. A., AND EDGERTON, V. R. EMG patterns of rat ankle extensors and flexors during treadmill locomotion and swimming. J. Appl. Physiol. 70: 2522-2529, 1991b.
41. SHERIF, M. H., GREGOR, R. J., LIU, L. M., ROY, R. R., AND HAGER, C. L. Correlation of myoelectric activity and muscle force during selected cat treadmill locomotion. J. Biomech. 16: 691-701, 1983.
42. SHERRINGTON, C. S. On the reciprocal innervation of antagonistic muscles-eighth note. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 76: 269-297, 1905.
43. SWETT, J. E. AND ELDRED, E. Distribution and numbers of stretch receptors in medial gastrocnemius and soleus muscles of the cat. Anat. Rec. 137: 453-560, 1960.
44. VILENSKY, J. A. Trot-gallop transition in a macaque. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 53: 347-348, 1980.
45. VILENSKY, J. A. Gait characteristics of two macaques, with emphasis on relationships with speed. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 61: 255-265, 1983.
46. WALMSLEY, B., HODGSON, J. A., AND BURKE, R. E. Forces produced by medial gastrocnemius and soleus muscles during locomotion in freely moving cats. J. Neurophysiol. 41: 1203-1216, 1978.