GAP-43 (B-50) and C-Jun are up-regulated in axotomized neurons of Clarke's nucleus after spinal cord injury in the adult rat

Neurobiology of Disease

Volumn 6, Issue 2, 1999, Pages 122-130

  Schmitt, A B ^a   Breuer, S ^a   Voell, M ^a   Schwaiger, F W ^b   Spitzer, Ch ^a,b   Pech, K ^a   Brook, G A ^a   Noth, J ^a   Kreutzberg, G W ^b   Nacimiento, W ^a  

^a RWTH AACHEN UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

^b MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE OF NEUROBIOLOGY   (Germany)

Author keywords

AP 1 complex; Phospho C Jun; Signal transduction; Spinal cord injury

Indexed keywords

NEUROMODULIN; ONCOPROTEIN;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENZYME PHOSPHORYLATION; ENZYME REGULATION; FEMALE; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION; NERVE FIBER TRANSECTION; NEUROPATHOLOGY; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RAT; SPINAL CORD INJURY;

EID: 0032957767     PISSN: 09699961     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1006/nbdi.1998.0231     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Barron K. D. Neuronal response to axotomy: Consequences and possibilities for rescue from permanent atrophy or cell death. Neural Regeneration and Transplantation. 1989;. p. 79-99.
2. Brook G. A., Spitzer Ch., Nacimiento W., Woodhams P. L., Noth J. A novel early component of the cell body response in axotomised Clarke's nucleus neurons revealed by monoclonal antibody Py. Exp. Neurol. 149:1998a;64-72.
3. Brook G. A., Schmitt A. B., Nacimiento W., Weis J., Schröder J. M., Noth J. Distribution of B-50 (GAP-43) mRNA and protein in the normal adult human spinal cord. Acta Neuropathol. 95:1998b;378-386.
4. Broude E., McAtee M., Kelley M. S., Bregman B. S. C-Jun expression in adult root dorsal ganglion neurons: Differential response after central or peripheral axotomy. Exp. Neurol. 148:1997;387-377.
5. Chong M. S., Woolf C. J., Turmaine M., Emson P. C., Anderson. Intrinsic versus extrinsic factors in determining the regeneration of the central processes of rat dorsal root ganglion neurons: The influence of a peripheral nerve graft. J. Comp. Neurol. 370:1996;97-104.
6. Egan D. A., Flumerfeld B. A., Gwyn D. G. Axon reaction in the red nucleus of the rat. Perikaryal volume changes and the time course of chromatolysis following cervical and thoracic lesions. Acta Neuropathol. 37:1977;13-19.
7. Estus S., Zaks W. J., Freeman R. S., Gruda M., Bravo R., Johnson E. M. Altered gene expression in neurons during programmed cell death: Identification of C-Jun as necessary for neuronal apoptosis. J. Cell Biol. 127:1994;1717-1727.
8. Feringa E. R., Pruitt B. S. 2nd, McBride R. L., Vahlsing M. S. Changes in number and size of Clarke's colomn neurons after cord transection. J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 46:1987;695-702.
9. Haas C. A., Donath C., Kreutzberg G. W. Differential expression of immediate early genes after transection of the facial nerve. Neuroscience. 53:1993;91-99.
10. Herdegen T., Kummer W., Fiallos C. E., Leah J., Bravo R. Expression of c-jun, jun B, jun D proteins in rat nervous system following transection of vagus nerve and cervical sympathetic trunk. Neuroscience. 45:1991;413-422.
11. Herdegen T., Fiallos-Estrada C. E., Bravo R., Zimmerman M. Colocalisation and covariation of c-Jun transcription factor with galanin in primary afferent neurons and with CGRP in spinal motoneurons following transection of rat sciatic nerve. Mol. Brain Res. 17:1993;147-154.
12. Herdegen T., Skene P., Bähr M. The C-Jun transcription factor-bipotential mediator of neuronal death, survival and regeneration. Trends in Neurosci. 20:1997;227-231.
13. Herdegen T., Claret F.-X., Kallunki T., Martin-Villalba A., Winter C., Hunter T., Karin M. Lasting N-terminal phosphorylation of C-Jun and activation of C-Jun N-terminal kinases after neuronal injury. J. Neurosci. 18:1998;5124-5135.
14. Herzog K. H., Morgan J. I. Cellular immediate-early genes and cell death in the nervous system. Neuropathol. appl. Neurobiol. 22:1996;482-503.
15. Himes B. T., Goldberger M. E., Tessler A. Grafts of fetal central nervous system tissue rescue axotomized Clarke's nucleus neurons in adult and neonatal operates. J. Comp. Neurol. 339:1994;117-131.
16. Jaarsma D., Holstege J. C., Troost D., Davis M., Kennis J., Haasdijk E. D., De Yong Y. J. Induction of C-Jun immunoreactivity in spinal cord and brainstem neurons in a transgenic mouse model for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neurosci. Lett. 219:1996;179-182.
17. Jenkins R., Tetzlaff W., Hunt S. P. Differential expression of immediate early genes in rubrospinal neurons following axotomy in rat. Eur. J. Neurosci. 5:1993;203-209.
18. Kenney A. M., Kocsis J. Peripheral axotomy induces long-term amino-terminal kinase-1 activator protein-1 binding activity by C-Jun and JunD in adult rat dorsal root ganglia in vivo. J. Neurosci. 18:1998;1318-1328.
19. Leah J. D., Herdegen T., Bravo R. Selective expression of Jun proteins following axotomy and axonal transport block in peripheral nerves in the rat: Evidence for a role in the regeneration process. Brain Res. 566:1991;198-207.
20. Leah J. D., Herdegen T., Murashov A., Dragunow M., Bravo R. Expression of immediate early gene proteins following axotomy and inhibition of axonal transport in the rat central nervous system. Neuroscience. 57:1993;53-66.
21. Linda H., Piehl F., Dagerlind A., Verge V. M. K., Arvidsson U., Cullheim S., Risling M., Ulfhake B., Hökfelt T. Expression of GAP-43 mRNA in the adult mammalian spinal cord under normal conditions and after different types of lesions, with special reference to motoneurons. Exp. Brain Res. 91:1992;284-295.
22. Low J. S. T., Mantle-St. John L. A., Tracey D. J. Nucleus Z in the rat: Spinal afferents from collaterals of dorsal spinocerebellar tract neurons. J. Comp. Neurol. 243:1986;510-526.
23. McBride R. L., Feringa E. R., Smith B. The fate of Clarke's colomn neurons after axotomy. Exp. Neurol. 102:1988;236-243.
24. Mitchell P. J., Tjian R. Transcriptional regulation in mammalian cells by sequence-specific DNA binding proteins. Science. 245:1989;371-378.
25. Perrone-Bizzozero N. I., Cansino V. V., Kohn D. T. Posttranscriptional regulation of GAP-43 gene expression in PC12 cells through protein kinase C-dependent stabilization of the mRNA. J. Cell Biol. 120:1993;1263-1270.
26. Richardson P. M., Issa V. M. K., Aguayo A. J. Regeneration of long spinal axons in the rat. J. Neurocytol. 13:1984;165-182.
27. Sanner C. A., Murray M., Goldberger M. E. Removal of dorsal root afferents prevents retrograde death of axotomized Clarke's nucleus neurons in the cat. Exp. Neurol. 123:1993;81-90.
28. Sanner C. A., Cunningham T. J., Goldberger M. E. NMDA receptot blockade resues Clarke's nucleus neurons after spinal hemisection. J. Neurosci. 14:1994;6472-6480.
29. Schaden H., Stuermer C. A., Bahr M. GAP-43 immunoreactivity and axon regeneration in retinal ganglion cells of the rat. J. Neurobiol. 25:1994;1570-1578.
30. Shibayama M., Hattori S., Himes B. T., Murray M., Tessler A. Neurotrophin-3 prevents death of axotomized Clarke's nucleus neurons in adult rat. J. Comp. Neurol. 390:1998;102-111.
31. Skene J. N. P. Growth-associated proteins and the curious dichotomies of nerve regeneration. Cell. 37:1984;697-700.
32. Skene J. N. P. Axonal growth-associated proteins. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 12:1989;127-156.
33. Tetzlaff W., Alexander S. W., Bisby M. A. Response of facial and rubrospinal neurons to axotomy: Changes in mRNA expression for cytoskeletal proteins and GAP-43. J. Neurosci. 11:1991;2528-2544.
34. Tetzlaff W., Kobayashi N. R., Giehl K. M. G., Tsui B. J., Cassar S. I., Bedard A. M. Response of rubrospinal and corticospinal neurons to injury and neurotrophins. Prog. Brain Res. 103:1994;272-286.
35. Virgo L., De Belleroche J. Induction of the immediate early gene C-Jun in human spinal cord in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with concomitant loss of NMDA receptor-1 and glycine transporter mRNA. Brain Res. 676:1995;196-204.
36. Whitmarsh A. J., Davis R. J. Transcription factor AP-1 regulation by mitogen-activated protein kinase signal transduction pathways. J. Mol. Med. 74:1996;589-607.
37. Woolf C. J., Reynolds M. L., Molander C., O'Brian C., Lindsay R. M., Benowitz L. I. The growth-associated protein GAP-43 appears in dorsal root ganglion cells and in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord following peripheral nerve injury. Neuroscience. 34:1990;465-478.