The Azotobacter vinelandii response regulator AlgR is essential for cyst formation

Journal of Bacteriology

Volumn 181, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 141-148

  Núñez, Cinthia ^a   Moreno, Soledad ^a   Soberón Chávez, Gloria ^a   Espín, Guadalupe ^a  

^a INSTITUTO DE BIOTECNOLOGÍA   (Mexico)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALGINIC ACID; REGULATOR PROTEIN;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; ARTICLE; AZOTOBACTER VINELANDII; BIOSYNTHESIS; DNA SEQUENCE; GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION; MOLECULAR CLONING; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SEQUENCE HOMOLOGY; TRANSCRIPTION REGULATION;

AZOTOBACTER VINELANDII; NEGIBACTERIA; PSEUDOMONAS; PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA;

EID: 0032943516     PISSN: 00219193     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/jb.181.1.141-148.1999     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Bali, A., G. Blanco, S. Hill, and C. Kennedy. 1992. Excretion of ammonium by a nifL mutant of Azotobacter vinelandii fixing nitrogen. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 58: 1711-1718.
2. Campos, M.-E., J. M. Martínez-Salazar, L. Lloret, S. Moreno, C. Núñez, G. Espin, and G. Soberón-Chávez. 1996. Characlerizatiun of the gene coding for GDP-mannose dehydrogenase (algD) from Autobacter vinelandii. J. Bacteriol. 178:1793-1799.
3. Chitnis, C. E., and D. E. Ohman. 1993. Genetic analysis of the alginate biosynthetic gene cluster of Pseudomonas aeruginosa shows evidence of an operonic structure. Mol. Microbiol. 8:583-590.
4. Darzins, A., and A. M. Chakrabarty. 1984. Cloning of genes controlling alginate biosynthesis from a mucoid cystic fibrosis isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J. Bacteriol. 159:9-19.
5. Deretic, V., R. Dikshit, W. M. Konyecsni, A. M. Chakrabarty, and T. K. Misra. 1989. The algR gene, which regulates mucoidy in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, belongs to a class of environmentally responsive genes. J. Bacteriol. 171:1278-1283.
6. Deretic, V., and W. M. Konyecsni. 1989. Control of mucoidy in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: transcriptional regulation of algR and identification of the second regulatory gene. algQ. J. Bacteriol. 171:3680-3688.
7. Deretic, V., M. J. Schurr, J. C. Boucher, and D. W. Martin. 1994. Conversion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to mucoidy in cystic fibrosis: environmental stress and regulation of bacterial virulence by alternative sigma factors. J. Bacteriol. 176:2773-2780.
8. Fellay, R., J. Frey, and H. Krisch. 1987. Interposon mutagenesis of soil and water bacteria: a family of DNA fragments designed for in vitro insertional mutagenesis of Gram-negative bacteria. Gene 52:147-154.
9. Fialho, A. M., N. A. Zielinski, W. F. Fett, A. M. Chakrabarty, and A. Berry. 1990. Distribution of alginate gene sequences in the Pseudomonas rRNA homology group I-Azomonas-Azotobacter lineage of superfamily B procaryotes. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 56:436-443.
10. Gacesa, P. 1998. Bacterial alginate biosynthesis, recent progress and future prospects. Microbiology 144:1133-1143.
11. Govan, J. R. W. 1988. Alginate biosynthesis and other unusual characteristics associated with the pathogenesis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis. p. 67-96. In E. Griffiths, W. Donachic, and J. Stephen (ed.), Bacterial infections of respiratory and gastrointestinal mucosae. IRL Press, Oxford, England.
12. Hanahan, D. 1983. Studies on transformation of E. coli. J. Mol. Biol. 166: 557-580.
13. E). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92:7941-7945.
14. Holloway, B. W. 1955. Genetic recombination in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J. Gen. Microbiol. 13:572-581.
15. Kennedy, C., K. Gamal, R. Hummprey, J. Ramos, K. Brigle, and D. Dean. 1986. The nifH, nifM, and nifN genes of Azotobacter vinelandii: characterization by Tn5 mutagenesis and isolation from pLARF1 gene banks. Mol. Gen. Genet. 205:318-325.
16. Lloret, L., R. Barreto, R. León, S. Moreno, J. Martínez-Salazar, G. Espín, and G. Soberón-Chávez. 1996. Genetic analysis of the transcriptional arrangement of Azotobacter vinelandii alginate biosynthetic genes: identification of two independent promoters. Mol. Microbiol. 21:449-457.
17. Lowry, O. H., N. J. Rosebrough, A. L. Farr, and R. J. Randall. 1951. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J. Biol. Chem. 193:265-275.
18. Ma, S., L. Selvaraj, D. E. Ohman, R. Quarless, D. J. Hassett, and D. J. Wozniak. 1998. Phosphorylation-independent activity of the response regulators AlgB and AlgR in promoting alginate biosynthesis in mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J. Bacteriol. 180:956-968.
19. E and stress response. J. Bacteriol. 176:6688-6696.
20. Martínez-Salazar, J. M., S. Moreno, R. Nájera, J. C. Boucher, G. Espín, G. Soberón-Chávez, and V. Deretic. 1996. Characterization of the genes coding for the putative sigma factor AIgU and its negative regulators MucA, MucB, MucC, and MucD in Azotobacter vinelandii and evaluation of their roles in alginate biosynthesis. J. Bacteriol. 178:1800-1808.
21. May, T., and A. M. Chakrabarty. 1994. Pseudomonas aeruginosa: genes and enzymes of alginate synthesis. Trends Microbiol. 2:151-157.
22. Mejía-Ruíz, H., J. Guzmán, S. Moreno, G. Soberón-Chávez, and G. Espín. 1997. The Azotobacter vinelandii alg8 and alg44 genes are essential for alginate synthesis and can be transcribed from an algD-independent promoter. Gene 199:271-277.
23. Mejía-Ruíz, H., S. Moreno, J. Guzmán, R. Nájera, R. León, G. Soberón-Chávez, and G. Espín. 1997. Isolation and characterization of an Azotobacter vinelandii algK mutant. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 156:101-106.
24. Miller, J. H. 1972. Experiments in molecular genetics, p. 431-435. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. Cold Spring Harbor. N.Y.
25. Mohr, C. D., N. S. Hibler, and V. Deretic. 1991. AlgR, a response regulator controlling mucoidy in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, binds to the FUS sites of the algD promoter located unusually far upstream from the mRNA start site. J. Bacteriol. 173:5136-5143.
26. Mohr, C. D., J. H. J. Leveau, D. P. Krieg, N. S. Hibler, and V. Deretic. 1992. AIgR binding sites within the algD promoter make up a set of inverted repeats separated by a large intervening segment of DNA. J. Bacteriol. 174:6624-6633.
27. Mohr, C. D., D. W. Martin, W. N. Konyecsni, J. R. W. Govan, S. Lory, and V. Deretic. 1990. Role of the far-upstream sites of the algD promoter and the algR and rpoN genes in environmental modulation of mucoidy in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J. Mol. Biol. 172:6576-6580.
28. Mohr, C. D., S. K. Sonsteby, and V. Deretic. 1994. The Pseudomonas aeruginosa homologs of hemC and hemD are linked to the gene encoding the regulator of mucoidy algR. Mol. Gen. Genet. 242:177-184.
29. E factor AIgU in encystment of Azotobacter vinelandii. J. Bacteriol. 180:2766-2769.
30. Msadek, T., F. Kunst, and G. Rapoport. 1995. A signal transduction network in Bacillus subtilis includes the DegS/DegU and ComP/ComA two-component systems, p. 447-471. In J. A. Hoch and T. J. Silhavy (ed.). Two-component signal transduction. ASM Press. Washington, D.C.
31. Page, W. J., and H. L. Sadoff. 1975. Relationship between calcium and uronic acids in the encystment of Azotobacter vinelandii. J. Bacteriol. 122:145-151.
32. Pindar, D. F., and C. Bucke. 1975. The biosynthesis of alginic acid by Azotobacter vinelandii. Biochem. J. 152:617-622.
33. Rehm, H. A., H. Ertesvag, and S. Valla. 1996. A new Azotobacter vinelandii mannuronan C-5 epimerase gene (algG) is part of an alg gene cluster physically organized in a manner similar to that in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J. Bacteriol. 178:5884-5889.
34. Sadoff, H. L. 1975. Encystment and germination in Azotobacter vinelandii. Bacteriol. Rev. 39:516-539.
35. Sambrook, J., E. F. Fritsch, and T. Maniatis. 1989. Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual. 2nd ed. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor. N.Y.
36. Schurr, M. J., D. W. Martin, M. H. Mudd. and V. Deretic. 1994. Gene cluster controlling conversion to alginate-overproducing phenotype in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: functional analysis in a heterologous host and role in the instability of mucoidy. J. Bacteriol. 176:3375-3382.
37. E-like family of stress sigma factors, by the negative regulators MucA and MucB and Pseudomonas aeruginosa conversion to mucoidy in cystic fibrosis. J. Bacteriol. 178:4997-5004.
38. Strom, M. S., and S. Lory. 1993. Structure-function and biogenesis of the type IV pili. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 47:565-596.
39. Whitchurch, C. B., R. A. Aim, and J. S. Mattick. 1996. The alginate regulator AlgR and an associated sensor FimS are required for twitching motility in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93:9839-9843.
40. Wozniak, D. J., and D. E. Ohman. 1991. Pseudomonas aeruginosa AlgB, a two-component response regulator of the NtrC family, is required for algD transcription. J. Bacteriold 173:1406-1413.
41. Wozniak, D. J., and D. E. Ohman. 1994. Transcriptional analysis of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa genes algR, algB, and algD reveals a hierarchy of alginate gene expression which is modulated by algT. J. Bacteriol. 176:6007-6014.
42. Wyss, O., M. G. Newmann, and M. D. Socolofsky. 1961. Development and germination of the Azotobacter cyst. J. Biophys. Biochem. Cytol. 10:555-565.
43. Xie, Z.-D., C. D. Hershberger, S. Shankar, R. W. Ye, and A. M. Chakrabarty. 1996. Sigma factor-anti-sigma factor interaction in alginate synthesis: inhibition of AlgT by MucA. J. Bacteriol. 178:4990-4996.
44. Yu, H., M. Mudd, J. C. Boucher, M. J. Sthurr, and V. Deretic. 1997. Identification of the algZ gene upstream of the response regulator algR and its participation in control of dlginate production in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J. Bacteriol. 179:187-193.