NMR relaxation times in the human brain at 3.0 Tesla

Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Volumn 9, Issue 4, 1999, Pages 531-538

  Wansapura, Janaka P ^a   Holland, Scott K ^b   Dunn, R Scott ^b   Ball Jr , William S ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI   (United States)

^b CINCINNATI CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

3.0 T; Brain; Relaxation times; T1; T2

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; BRAIN; FEMALE; FRONTAL CORTEX; GRAY MATTER; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; LEFT HEMISPHERE; MALE; NORMAL HUMAN; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; OCCIPITAL CORTEX; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RIGHT HEMISPHERE; SEX DIFFERENCE; WHITE MATTER;

ADULT; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ARTIFACTS; BRAIN; FEMALE; HUMANS; MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PHANTOMS, IMAGING; REFERENCE VALUES; SEX CHARACTERISTICS; TIME FACTORS;

EID: 0032914675     PISSN: 10531807     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1522-2586(199904)9:4<531::AID-JMRI4>3.0.CO;2-L     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Kim SG, Hu X, Gdriany G, Ugurbil K. Fast interleaved echo-planar imaging with navigator: high resolution anatomic and functional images at 4 Tesla. Magn Reson Med 1996;35:895-902.
2. 13C editing of glutamate in human brain using J-refocused coherence transfer spectroscopy at 4.1 T. Magn Reson Med 1997;37:355-358.
3. Yang QX, Dardzinski BJ, Li S, Eslinger PJ, Smith MB. Multigradient echo with susceptibility inhomogeneity compensation (MGESIC): demonstration of fMRI in the olfactory cortex at 3.0 T. Magn Reson Med 1997;37:331-335.
4. Thulborn KR, Boada FE, Davis D, et al. Sodium imaging as a measure of tissue viability in stroke. In: Proceedings of the ISMRM 5th Annual Meeting, Vancouver, 1997;1:603.
5. Bottomley PA, Foster TH, Argsersinger RE, Pfeifer LM. A review of normal tissue hydrogen NMR relaxation times and relaxation mechanisms from 1-100 MHz: dependence on tissue type, NMR frequency, temperature, species, excision, and age. Med Phys 1984;11:425-448.
6. 2 diagnostic? Med Phys 1987;14:1-37.
7. Koenig SH, Brown RDI. Determinants of proton relaxation in tissues. Magn Reson Med 1984;1:437-449.
8. 1H spectroscopy in human brain at 4 Tesla. Magn Reson Med 1995;33:246-252.
9. Helpern JA, Ordidge RJ, Gorell JM, Deniau JC, Welch KM. Preliminary observations of transverse relaxation rates obtained at 3T from substantial nigra of adult normal human brain. NMR Biomed 1995;8:25-27.
10. Pan JW, Vaughan JT, Kuzniecky RI, Pohost GM, Hetherington HP. High resolution neuroimaging at 4.1T. Magn Reson Med 1995;33: 915-921.
11. Kroeker RM, Henkelman RM. Analysis of biological NMR relaxation data with continuous distributions of relaxation times. J Magn Reson 1986;69:218-235.
12. 2 estimation using multiple-echo imaging. Magn Reson Med 1987;4:34-47.
13. 2 quantitation for clinical applications. J Magn Reson Imaging 1992;2:541-553.
14. 2 distributions and water contents in normal human brain. Magn Reson Med 1997;37:34-43.
15. Kim SG, Hu X, Ugurbil K. Accurate T1 determinations from inversion recovery images: application to human brain at 4 Tesla. Magn Reson Imaging 1994;31:445-449.
16. Garber HJ, Anath JV, Chiu LC, Grisworld VJ, Oldendorf WH. Nuclear magnetic resonance study of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Am J Psychiatry 1989;146:1001-1005.
17. 1 variance in normal human white matter. Magn Reson Imaging 1991;9:53-59.
18. Fischer HW, Rinck PA, Haverbeke YV, Muller RN. Nuclear relaxation of human gray and white matter: analysis of field dependence and implications for MRI. Magn Reson Med 1990;16:317-334.
19. Johnson G, Ormerod IE, Barnes D, Tofts PS, McManus D. Accuracy and precision in the measurement of relaxation times in NMR images. Br J Radiol 1987;60:143-153.
20. Larsson EM, Englund E, Gyorffy-Wagner Z, Brun A, Cronqvist S, Parsson B. Regional differences in proton magnetic resonance relaxation times T1 and T2 within the normal human brain. Acta Radiol Diagn 1986;27:231-234.
21. Ye FQ, Martin WRW, Allen PS. Estimation of the iron concentration in excised gray matter by means of proton relaxation measurements. Magn Reson Med 1996;35:285-289.
22. Vymazal J, Hajek M, Patronas N, et al. The quantitative relation between T1-weighted and T2-weighted MRI of normal gray matter and iron concentration. J Magn Reson Imaging 1995;5:554-560.
23. Vymazal J, Brooks RA, Baumgarner C, et al. The relation between brain iron and NMR relaxation times: an in vitro study. Magn Reson Med 1996;35:56-61.
24. Drayer B, Burger P, Darwin R, Riederer S, Herfkens R, Jhonson GA. MRI of brain iron. AJR 1986;147:103-110.
25. Malmivuo J, Plonsey R. Bioelectromagnetism. New York: Oxford University Press; 1995.
26. LeDoussal P, Sen P. Decay of nuclear magnetization by diffusion in a parabolic magnetic field: an exactly solvable model. Phys Rev B 1992;46:3465-3485.
27. Haug H. Brain sizes, surfaces, and neuronal sizes of the cortex cerebri: a sterological investigation of man and his variability and a comparison with some mammals (primates, whales, marsupials, insectivores and an elephant). Am J Anat 1987;180:126-142.
28. Collins DW, Kimura D. A large sex difference on a two-dimensional mental rotation task. Behav Neurol 1997;111:845-849.
29. Nicholson KG, Kimura D. Sex differences for speech and manual skill. Perceptual and motor skills. 1996;82:3-13.
30. Bloembergen N, Purcell EM, Pound RV. Relaxation effects in nuclear magnetic resonance absorption. Phys Rev 1947;73:679-712.
31. 2H magnetic relaxation Biochemistry 1976;15:4255-4264.
32. Koenig SH, Brown RD, Adams D, Emerson D, Harrison CG. Magnetic field dependence of 1/T1 of protons in tissue. Invest Radiol 1984;2:77.
33. Crooks LE, Arakawa M, Hoenninger J, McCarten B, Watts J, Kaufman L. Magnetic resonance imaging: effects of field strength. Radiology 1984;151:127-133.
34. Berger RK, Rimm AA, Fischer ME, Papke RA, Houghton VM. T1 and T2 measurements on a 1.5T commercial MR imager. Radiology 1989;171:273-276.
35. Ogawa S, Lee TM, Nayak AS, Glynn P. Oxygenation-sensitive contrast in magnetic resonance image of rodent brain at high magnetic fields. Magn Reson Med 1990;14:68-78.
36. Gati JS, Menon RS, Ugurbil K, Rutt BK. Experimental determination of the BOLD field strength dependence in vessels and tissue. Magn Reson Med 1997;38:296-302.