Mitochondrial transport of cations: Channels, exchangers, and permeability transition

Physiological Reviews

Volumn 79, Issue 4, 1999, Pages 1127-1155

  Bernardi, Paolo ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PADOVA   (Italy)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CALCIUM BINDING PROTEIN; CALCIUM ION; CATION CHANNEL; MAGNESIUM ION; MONOVALENT CATION; POTASSIUM ION; SODIUM ION;

BIOENERGY; CALCIUM HOMEOSTASIS; CALCIUM TRANSPORT; CATION EXCHANGE; CATION TRANSPORT; CELL FUNCTION; ENERGY CONSERVATION; MITOCHONDRION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW;

EID: 0032827410     PISSN: 00319333     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1152/physrev.1999.79.4.1127     Document Type: Review

References (373)

1. ABRAHAMS, J. P., A. G. LESLIE, R. LUTTER, AND J. E. WALKER. Structure at 2.8 A resolution of F1-ATPase from bovine heart mitochondria. Nature 370: 621-628, 1994.
2. 2 fixation by glucagon, epinephrine, and cortisol. J. Biol. Chem. 244: 6444-6450, 1969.
3. + antiporter of heart mitochondria operates electroneutrally. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 95: 193-196, 1980.
4. AGUILAR, B. L., C. G. NICHOLS, S. W. WECHSLER, J. P. CLEMENT, A. E. BOYD, G. GONZALEZ, S. H. HERRERA, K. NGUY, J. BRYAN, AND D. A. NELSON. Cloning of the beta cell high-affinity sulfonylurea receptor a regulator of insulin secretion. Science 268: 423-426, 1995.
5. ÅKERMAN, K. E. Changes in membrane potential during calcium ion influx and efflux across the mitochondrial membrane. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 502: 359-366, 1978.
6. ÅKERMAN, K. E., M. K. WIKSTRÖM, AND N. E. SARIS. Effect of inhibitors on the sigmoidicity of the calcium ion transport kinetics in rat liver mitochondria. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 464: 287-294, 1977.
7. ALLSHIRE, A., P. BERNARDI, AND N. E. SARIS. Manganese stimulates calcium flux through the mitochondrial uniporter. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 807: 202-209, 1985.
8. 2+ by mitochondrial preparations from skeletal muscle. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 228: 353-363, 1984.
9. AL SHAIKHALY, M. H., J. NEDERGAARD, AND B. CANNON. Sodium-induced calcium release from mitochondria in brown adipose tissue. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 76: 2350-2353, 1979.
10. 2+ from intact cardiac myocytes. Am. J. Physiol. 266 (Heart Circ. Physiol. 35): H1103-H1111, 1994.
11. AMBUDKAR, I. S., P. E. KIMA, AND A. E. SHAMOO. Characterization of calciphorin, the low molecular weight calcium ionophore, from rat liver mitochondria. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 771: 165-170, 1984.
12. 2+. Enzymol. Biol. Clin. Basel 7: 25-37, 1966.
13. AZZONE, G. F., AND A. AZZI. Volume changes in liver mitochondria. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 53: 1084-1089, 1965.
14. + in rat liver mitochondria. FEBS Lett. 96: 135-140, 1978.
15. AZZONE, G. F., M. BRAGADIN, T. POZZAN, AND P. DELL'ANTONE. Proton electrochemical potential in steady state rat liver mitochondria. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 459: 96-109, 1977.
16. AZZONE, G. F., AND S. MASSARI. Thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of the interconversion of chemical and osmotic energies in mitochondria. Eur. J. Biochem. 19: 97-107, 1971.
17. AZZONE, G. F., S. MASSARI, AND T. POZZAN. Mechanism of active shrinkage in mitochondria. H. Coupling between strong electrolyte fluxes. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 423: 27-41, 1976.
18. AZZONE, G. F., D. PIETROBON, AND M. ZORATTI. Determination of the proton electrochemical gradient across biological membranes. Curr. Top. Bioenerg. 13: 1-77, 1984.
19. AZZONE, G. F., T. POZZAN, S. MASSARI, M. BRAGADIN, AND P. DELL'ANTONE. HVsite ratio and steady state distribution of divalent cations in mitochondria. FEBS Lett. 78: 21-24, 1977.
20. +, divalent and organic cations in rat liver mitochondria. FEBS Lett. 96: 141-147, 1978.
21. 2+ network. J. Cell Biol. 136: 833-844, 1997.
22. 2+ antiport by matrix pH. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 291: 383-389, 1991.
23. + exchanger. Am. J. Physiol. 266 (Cell Physiol. 35): C800-C808, 1994.
24. BEAL, M. F. Mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1366: 211-223, 1998.
25. 2+ by mitochondria. J. Biol. Chem. 255: 8663-8671, 1980.
26. 2+ release induced by t-butyl hydroperoxide or oxalacetate. The effect of ruthenium red. J. Biol. Chem. 257: 7161-7171, 1982.
27. BEAVIS, A. D., R. D. BRANNAN, AND K. D. GARLID. Swelling and contraction of the mitochondrial matrix. I. A structural interpretation of the relationship between light scattering and matrix volume. J. Biol. Chem. 260: 13424-13433, 1985.
28. + antiporter by matrix protons. J. Biol. Chem. 265: 2538-2545, 1990.
29. + uniport in intact mitochondria by adenine nucleotides and nucleotide analogs. J. Biol. Chem. 268: 997-1004, 1993.
30. 2+ cycling and membrane damage during tert-butyl hydroperoxide metabolism by rat-liver mitochondria. Eur. J. Biochem. 140: 1-6, 1984.
31. + fluxes in rat liver mitochondria. Biochem. Mol. Biol. Int. 31: 493-500, 1993.
32. 2+ and ATP. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 850: 41-48, 1986.
33. BERNARDI, P. Modulation of the mitochondrial cyclosporin A-sensitive permeability transition pore by the proton electrochemical gradient. Evidence that the pore can be opened by membrane depolarization. J. Biol. Chem. 267: 8834-8839, 1992.
34. BERNARDI, P. The permeability transition pore. Control points of a cyclosporin A-sensitive mitochondrial channel involved in cell death. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1275: 5-9, 1996.
35. BERNARDI, P. Mitochondria in cell death (preface). Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1366: 1-2, 1998.
36. + uniport in mitochondria treated with the ionophore A23187. J. Biol. Chem. 264: 18902-18906, 1989.
37. 2+. Eur. J. Biochem. 188: 91-97, 1990.
38. BERNARDI, P., AND G. F. AZZONE. ΔpH induced calcium fluxes in rat liver mitochondria. Eur. J. Biochem. 102: 555-562, 1979.
39. 2+ efflux in rat liver mitochondria. FEBS Lett. 139: 13-16, 1982.
40. + exchange in liver mitochondria. Regulation by membrane potential. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 724: 212-223, 1983.
41. 2+ efflux in rat liver mitochondria. Role of membrane potential. Eur. J. Biochem. 134: 377-383, 1983.
42. BERNARDI, P., K. M. BROEKEMEIER, AND D. R. PFEIFFER. Recent progress on regulation of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore: a cyclosporin-sensitive pore in the inner mitochondrial membrane. J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. 26: 509-517, 1994.
43. BERNARDI, P., V. PARADISI, T. POZZAN, AND G. F. AZZONE. Pathway for uncoupler-induced calcium efflux in rat liver mitochondria inhibition by ruthenium red. Biochemistry 23: 1645-1651, 1984.
44. BERNARDI, P., AND V. PETRONILLI. The permeability transition pore as a mitochondrial calcium release channel: a critical appraisal. J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. 28: 131-138, 1996.
45. 2+ release in rat liver mitochondria. FEBS Lett. 139: 9-12, 1982.
46. +/cation exchange. J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. 14: 387-403, 1982.
47. 46a. BERNARDI, P., L. SCORRANO, R. COLONNA, V. PETRONILLI, AND F. DI LISA. Mitochondria and cell death. Mechanistic aspects and methodological issues. Eur. J. Biochem. In press.
48. BERNARDI, P., S. VASSANELLI, P. VERONESE, R. COLONNA, I. SZABÓ, AND M. ZORATTI. Modulation of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Effect of protons and divalent cations. J. Biol. Chem. 267: 2934-2939, 1992.
49. 2+ binding sites with opposing effects on the pore open probability. J. Biol. Chem. 268: 1005-1010, 1993.
50. BLONDIN, G. A., W. J. VAIL, AND D. E. GREEN. The mechanism of mitochondrial swelling. II. Pseudoenergized swelling in the presence of alkali metal salts. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 129: 158-172, 1969.
51. + glycohydrolase. Implications for the role of pyridine nucleotide hydrolysis in mitochondrial calcium fluxes. J. Biol. Chem. 268: 4016-4020, 1993.
52. 2+ carrier in rat liver mitochondria. Biochemistry 18: 5972-5978, 1979.
53. BRAND, M. D. The stoichiometry of the exchange catalysed by the mitochondrial calcium/sodium antiporter. Biochem. J. 229: 161-166, 1985.
54. + uniports and exchangers. J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. 26: 519-526, 1994.
55. + antiport of heart mitochondria. Biochemistry 28: 4347-4354, 1989.
56. BRIERLEY, G. P., M. JURKOWITZ, AND D. W. JUNG. Osmotic swelling of heart mitochondria in acetate and chloride salts. Evidence for two pathways for cation uptake. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 190: 181-192, 1978.
57. BRIERLEY, G. P., M. JURKOWITZ, K. M. SCOTT, AND A. J. MEROLA. Ion transport by heart mitochondria. XX. Factors affecting passive osmotic swelling of isolated mitochondria. J. Biol. Chem. 245: 5404-5411, 1970.
58. + antiport activity by hydrogen ions. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 288: 358-367, 1991.
59. BRIERLEY, G. P., AND C. D. STONER. Swelling and contraction of heart mitochondria suspended in ammonium chloride. Biochemistry 9: 708-713, 1970.
60. BROEKEMEIER, K. M., M. E. DEMPSEY, AND D. R. PFEIFFER. Cyclosporin A is a potent inhibitor of the inner membrane permeability transition in liver mitochondria. J. Biol. Chem. 264: 7826-7830, 1989.
61. 2+ uniporter by pure and impure ruthenium red. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 139: 33-40, 1994.
62. BROEKEMEIER, K. M., AND D. R. PFEIFFER. Inhibition of the mitochondrial permeability transition by cyclosporin A during long time frame experiments: relationship between pore opening and the activity of mitochondrial phospholipases. Biochemistry 34: 16440-16449, 1995.
63. 2+ release from mitochondria. J. Biol. Chem. 260: 105-113, 1985.
64. 2+. Biochemistry 35: 8483-8488, 1996.
65. 2+ homeostasis. J. Neurochem. 66: 403-411, 1996.
66. BYGRAVE, F. L. Mitochondrial calcium transport. Curr. Top. Bioenerg. 6: 259-318, 1977.
67. CAI, J., J. YANG, AND D. P. JONES. Mitochondrial control of apoptosis: the role of cytochrome c. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1366: 139-149, 1998.
68. 2+. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 97: 99-106, 1965.
69. CARAFOLI, E. Intracellular calcium homeostasis. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 56: 395-433, 1987.
70. CARAFOLI, E., R. TIOZZO, G. LUGLI, F. CROVETTI, AND C. KRATZING. The release of calcium from heart mitochondria by sodium. J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. 6: 361-371, 1974.
71. 2+ uptake and release in liver mitochondria. FEBS Lett. 96: 339-342, 1978.
72. CHANCE, B. The energy-linked reaction of calcium with mitochondria. J. Biol. Chem. 240: 2729-2748, 1965.
73. CHAPPELL, J. B., AND S. F. PERRY. Biochemical and osmotic properties of skeletal muscle mitochondria. Nature 173: 1094-1095, 1954.
74. CHERNYAK, B. V., AND P. BERNARDI. The mitochondrial permeability transition pore is modulated by oxidative agents through both pyridine nucleotides and glutathione at two separate sites. Eur. J. Biochem. 238: 623-630, 1996.
75. CHIESI, M., H. ROGG, K. EICHENBERGER, P. GAZZOTTI, AND E. CARAFOLI. Stereospecific action of diltiazem on the mitochondrial Na-Ca exchange system and on sarcolemmal Ca-channels. Biochem. Pharmacol. 36: 2735-2740, 1987.
76. 2+ exchanger. Biochem. Pharmacol. 37: 4399-4403, 1988.
77. COCKRELL, R. S. Energy-linked ion translocation in submitochondrial particles. 3. Transport of monovalent cations by submitochondrial particles. J. Biol. Chem. 248: 6828-6833, 1973.
78. COLOMBINI, M., E. BLACHLY-DYSON, AND M. FORTE. VDAC, a channel in the outer mitochondrial membrane. Ion Channels 4: 169-202, 1996.
79. CONNERN, C. P., AND A. P. HALESTRAP. Purification and N-terminal sequencing of peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans-isomerase from rat liver mitochondrial matrix reveals the existence of a distinct mitochondrial cyclophilin. Biochem. J. 284: 381-385, 1992.
80. 2+]. Biochemistry 35: 8172-8180, 1996.
81. COSTANTINI, P., B. V. CHERNYAK, V. PETRONILLI, AND P. BERNARDI. Selective inhibition of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore at the oxidation-reduction sensitive dithiol by monobromobimane. FEBS Lett. 362: 239-242, 1995.
82. COSTANTINI, P., B. V. CHERNYAK, V. PETRONILLI, AND P. BERNARDI. Modulation of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore by pyridine nucleotides and dithiol oxidation at two separate sites. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 6746-6751, 1996.
83. COSTANTINI, P., R. COLONNA, AND P. BERNARDI. Induction of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore by N-ethylmaleimide depends on secondary oxidation of critical thiol groups. Potentiation by copper-ortho-phenanthroline without dimerization of the adenine nucleotide translocase. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1365: 385-392, 1998.
84. COSTANTINI, P., V. PETRONILLI, R. COLONNA, AND P. BERNARDI. On the effects of paraquat on isolated mitochondria. Evidence that paraquat causes opening of the cyclosporin A-sensitive permeability transition pore synergistically with nitric oxide. Toxicology 99: 77-88, 1995.
85. CROMPTON, M. The regulation of mitochondrial calcium transport in heart. Curr. Top. Membr. Transp. 25: 231-276, 1985.
86. CROMPTON, M., M. CAPANO, AND E. CARAFOLI. The sodium-induced efflux of calcium from heart mitochondria. A possible mechanism for the regulation of mitochondrial calcium. Eur. J. Biochem. 69: 453-462, 1976.
87. 2+ overload. Eur. J. Biochem. 178: 489-501, 1988.
88. 2+-dependent pore of possible relevance to reperfusion-induced injury. Evidence that ADP facilitates pore interconversion between the closed and open states. Biochem. J. 266: 33-39, 1990.
89. 2+-dependent pore in heart mitochondria activated by inorganic phosphate and oxidative stress. Biochem. J. 255: 357-360, 1988.
90. CROMPTON, M., AND I. HEID. The cycling of calcium, sodium, and protons across the inner membrane of cardiac mitochondria. Eur. J. Biochem. 91: 599-608, 1978.
91. CROMPTON, M., M. KÜNZI, AND E. CARAFOLI. The calcium-induced and sodium-induced effluxes of calcium from heart mitochondria. Evidence for a sodium-calcium carrier. Eur. J. Biochem. 79: 549-558, 1977.
92. CROMPTON, M., R. MOSER, H. LÜDI, AND E. CARAFOLI. The interrelations between the transport of sodium and calcium in mitochondria of various mammalian tissues. Eur. J. Biochem. 82: 25-31, 1978.
93. CZYZ, A., A. SZEWCZYK, M. J. NALECZ, AND L. WOJTCZAK. The role of mitochondrial potassium fluxes in controlling the proton-motive force in energized mitochondria. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 210: 98-104, 1995.
94. 2+ antiport of heart mitochondria by diethylpyrocarbonate. J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. 19: 515-524, 1987.
95. DEL ARCO, A., AND J. SATRUSTEGUI. Molecular cloning of Aralar, a new member of the mitochondrial carrier superfamily that binds calcium and is present in human muscle and brain. J. Biol. Chem. 273: 23327-23334, 1998.
96. DELUCA, H. F., AND G. W. ENGSTROM. Calcium uptake by rat kidney mitochondria. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 47: 1744-1750, 1961.
97. 2+ transport by mammalian mitochondria and its role in hormone action. Am. J. Physiol. 249 (Endocrinol. Metab. 12): E543-E554, 1985.
98. DENTON, R. M., P. J. RANDLE, AND B. R. MARTIN. Stimulation by calcium ions of pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphate phosphatase. Biochem. J. 128: 161-163, 1972.
99. +-linked isocitrate dehydrogenase from the mitochondria of rat heart and other tissues. Biochem. J. 176: 899-906, 1978.
100. DI LISA, F., AND P. BERNARDI. Mitochondrial function as a determinant of recovery or death in cell response to injury. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 184: 379-591, 1998.
101. 2+ in hearts of cardiomyopathic hamsters. Am. J. Physiol. 264 (Heart Circ. Physiol. 33): H2188-H2197, 1993.
102. DI LISA, F., G. GAMBASSI, H. SPURGEON, AND R. G. HANSFORD. Intramitochondrial free calcium in cardiac myocytes in relation to dehydrogenase activation. Cardiovasc. Res. 27: 1840-1844, 1993.
103. DI LISA F., R. MENABÓ, M. CANTON, AND V. PETRONILLI. The role of mitochondria in the salvage and the injury of the ischemic myocardium. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1366: 69-78, 1998.
104. DI MAURO, S., E. BONILLA, M. DAVIDSON, M. HIRANO, AND E. A. SCHON. Mitochondria in neuromuscular disorders. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1366: 199-210, 1998.
105. 2+. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 895: 155-165, 1987.
106. + fluxes and the mitochondrial membrane potential. FEBS Lett. 60: 176-179, 1975.
107. DORDICK, R. S., G. P. BRIERLEY, AND K. D. GARLID. On the mechanism of A23187-induced potassium efflux in rat liver mitochondria. J. Biol. Chem. 255: 10299-10305, 1980.
108. DOUGLAS, M. G., AND R. S. COCKRELL. Mitochondrial cation-hydrogen ion exchange. Sodium selective transport by mitochondria and submitochondrial particles. J. Biol. Chem. 249: 5464-5471, 1974.
109. 2+ in rat liver mitochondria. J. Biol. Chem. 240: 2712-2720, 1965.
110. DRAHOTA, Z., P. GAZZOTTI, E. CARAFOLI, AND C. S. ROSSI. A comparison of the effects of different divalent cations on a number of mitochondrial reactions linked to ion translocation. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 130: 267-273, 1969.
111. DUCHEN, M. R., AND T. J. BISCOE. Mitochondrial function in type I cells isolated from rabbit arterial chemoreceptors. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 460: 13-31, 1992.
112. DUCHEN, M. R., O. McGUINNESS, L. A. BROWN, AND M. CROMPTON. On the involvement of a cyclosporin A sensitive mitochondrial pore in myocardial reperfusion injury. Cardiovasc. Res. 27: 1790-1794, 1993.
113. + permeability. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 74: 417-424, 1977.
114. + channel openers. Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 11: 417-422, 1990.
115. ERIKSSON, O., E. FONTAINE, AND P. BERNARDI. Chemical modification of arginines by 2,3-butanedione and phenylglyoxal causes closure of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. J. Biol. Chem. 273: 12669-12674, 1998.
116. ERNSTER, L., AND G. DALLNER. Biochemical, physiological and medical aspects of ubiquinone function. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1271: 195-204, 1995.
117. 2+-induced mitochondrial oscillations. A study on permeabilised Ehrlich ascites tumour cells. Cell Calcium 15: 143-152, 1994.
118. FARBER, J. L. The role of calcium in lethal cell injury. Chem. Res. Toxicol. 3: 503-508, 1990.
119. FEIN, A., AND M. TSACOPOULOS. Activation of mitochondrial oxidative metabolism by calcium ions in Limulus ventral photoreceptor. Nature 331: 437-440, 1988.
120. FISKUM, G., AND R. S. COCKRELL. Ruthenium red sensitive and insensitive calcium transport in rat liver and Ehrlich ascites tumor cell mitochondria. FEBS Lett. 92: 125-128, 1978.
121. + antiport. J. Biol. Chem. 254: 6236-6239, 1979.
122. FONTAINE, E., O. ERIKSSON, F. ICHAS, AND P. BERNARDI. Regulation of the permeability transition pore in skeletal muscle mitochondria. Modulation by electron flow through the respiratory chain complex I. J. Biol. Chem. 273: 12662-12668, 1998.
123. FONTAINE, E., F. ICHAS, AND P. BERNARDI. A ubiquinone-binding site regulates the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. J. Biol. Chem. 273: 25734-25740, 1998.
124. FOURNIER, N., G. DUCET, AND A. CREVAT. Action of cyclosporine on mitochondrial calcium fluxes. J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. 19: 297-303, 1987.
125. +-loss. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 83: 1450-1455, 1978.
126. + loss. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 87: 842-847, 1979.
127. + exchanger. J. Biol. Chem. 255: 11273-11279, 1980.
128. GARLID, K. D. Mitochondrial volume control. In: Integration of Mitochondrial Function, edited by J. J. Lemasters, C. R. Hackenbrock, R. G. Thurman, and H. V. Westerhoff. New York: Plenum, 1988, p. 257-276.
129. GARLID, K. D. Mitochondrial cation transport: a progress report. J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. 26: 537-542, 1994.
130. GARLID, K. D. Cation transport in mitochondria - the potassium cycle. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1275: 123-126, 1996.
131. GARLID, K. D., AND A. D. BEAVIS. Swelling and contraction of the mitochondrial matrix. II. Quantitative application of the light scattering technique to solute transport across the inner membrane. J. Biol. Chem. 260: 13434-13441, 1985.
132. + transport in rat liver mitochondria. J. Biol. Chem. 261: 1529-1535, 1986.
133. + channels. Circ. Res. 81: 1072-1082, 1997.
134. ATP channel as a receptor for potassium channel openers. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 8796-8799, 1996.
135. + antiporter of beef heart mitochondria. J. Biol. Chem. 266: 6518-6523, 1991.
136. GAVIN, C. E., K. K. GUNTER, AND T. E. GUNTER. Manganese and calcium efflux kinetics in brain mitochondria. Relevance to manganese toxicity. Biochem. J. 266: 329-334, 1990.
137. 2+ from liver mitochondria by glucagon and beta-adrenergic agonists. Biochem. J. 210: 463-472, 1983.
138. GORES, G. J., H. MIYOSHI, R. BOTLA, H. I. AGUILAR, AND S. F. BRONK. Induction of the mitochondrial permeability transition as a mechanism of liver injury during cholestasis: a potential role for mitochondrial proteases. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1366: 167-175, 1998.
139. + channel blocker: comparison with rat insulinoma cells. Mol. Pharmacol. 46: 139-145, 1994.
140. GUNTER, K. K., AND T. E. GUNTER. Transport of calcium by mitochondria. J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. 26: 471-485, 1994.
141. + exchanger. J. Biol. Chem. 266: 21640-21648, 1991.
142. 2+ transients. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1399: 5-15, 1998.
143. GUNTER, T. E., J. H. CHACE, J. S. PUSKIN, AND K. K. GUNTER. Mechanism of sodium independent calcium efflux from rat liver mitochondria. Biochemistry 22: 6341-6351, 1983.
144. 2+ from rat liver mitochondria. Biochemistry 17: 339-345, 1978.
145. GUNTER, T. E., K. K. GUNTER, S. S. SHEU, AND C. E. GAVIN. Mitochondrial calcium transport: physiological and pathological relevance. Am. J. Physiol. 267 (Cell Physiol. 36): C313-C339, 1994.
146. GUNTER, T. E., AND D. R. PFEIFFER. Mechanisms by which mitochondria transport calcium. Am. J. Physiol. 258 (Cell Physiol. 27): C755-C786, 1990.
147. GUNTER, T. E., AND J. S. PUSKIN. Manganous ion as a spin label in studies of mitochondrial uptake of manganese. Biophys. J. 12: 625-635, 1972.
148. 2+-sensitive forms by mitochondria. Am. J. Physiol. 255 (Cell Physiol. 24): C304-C310, 1988.
149. HAJNOCZKY, G., L. D. ROBB-GASPERS, M. B. SEITZ, AND A. P. THOMAS. Decoding of cytosolic calcium oscillations in the mitochondria. Cell 82: 415-424, 1995.
150. HALESTRAP, A. P. The regulation of the matrix volume of mammalian mitochondria in vivo and in vitro and its role in the control of mitochondrial metabolism. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 973: 355-382, 1989.
151. HALESTRAP, A. P., AND A. E. ARMSTON. A re-evaluation of the role of mitochondrial pyruvate transport in the hormonal control of rat liver mitochondrial pyruvate metabolism. Biochem. J. 223: 677-685, 1984.
152. 2+-induced large-amplitude swelling of liver and heart mitochondria by cyclosporin is probably caused by the inhibitor binding to mitochondrial-matrix peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase and preventing it interacting with the adenine nucleotide translocase. Biochem. J. 268: 153-160, 1990.
153. HALESTRAP, A. P., P. M. KERR, S. JAVADOV, AND K. Y. WOODFIELD. Elucidating the molecular mechanism of the permeability transition pore and its role in reperfusion injury. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1366: 79-94, 1998.
154. HALESTRAP, A. P., P. T. QUINLAN, D. E. WHIPPS, AND A. E. ARMSTON. Regulation of the mitochondrial matrix volume in vivo and in vitro. The role of calcium. Biochem. J. 236: 779-787, 1986.
155. HALESTRAP, A. P., K. Y. WOODFIELD, AND C. P. CONNERN. Oxidative stress, thiol reagents, and membrane potential modulate the mitochondrial permeability transition by affecting nucleotide binding to the adenine nucleotide translocase. J. Biol. Chem. 272: 3346-3354, 1997.
156. 2+ transport. J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. 26: 495-508, 1994.
157. HARRIS, E. J., M. AL SHAIKHALY, AND H. BAUM. Stimulation of mitochondrial calcium ion efflux by thiol-specific reagents and by thyroxine. The relationship to adenosine diphosphate retention and to mitochondrial permeability. Biochem. J. 182: 455-464, 1979.
158. 2+ trigger site. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 195: 460-467, 1979.
159. 2+-activated hydrophilic channel of the mitochondrial inner membrane by nucleotides. J. Membr. Biol. 54: 231-236, 1980.
160. 2+ from liver, kidney and lung mitochondria. FEBS Lett. 110: 216-218, 1980.
161. 2+ carrier in mitoplasts derived from heart mitochondria. FEBS Lett. 182: 281-286, 1985.
162. 2+. A study using arsenazo III-loaded mitochondria. Biochem. J. 244: 533-538, 1987.
163. HAYNES, R. C. J., J. C. GARRISON, AND R. K. YAMAZAKI. Comparison of effects of glucagon and valinomycin on rat liver mitochondria and cells. Mol. Pharmacol. 10: 381-388, 1974.
164. HEATON, G. M., AND D. G. NICHOLLS. The calcium conductance of the inner membrane of rat liver mitochondria and the determination of the calcium electrochemical gradient. Biochem. J. 156: 635-646, 1976.
165. HEFFRON, J. J., AND E. J. HARRIS. Stimulation of calcium ion efflux from liver mitochondria by sodium ions and its response to ADP and energy state. Biochem. J. 194: 925-929, 1981.
166. 2+ loads from rat adrenal chromaffin cells. Neuron 16: 219-228, 1996.
167. HUGHES, B. P., AND J. H. EXTON. Effect of micromolar concentrations of manganese ions on calcium ion cycling in rat liver mitochondria. Biochem. J. 212: 773-782, 1983.
168. 2+-induced membrane transition in mitochondria. I. The protective mechanisms. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 195: 453-459, 1979.
169. 2+ release. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 195: 468-477, 1979.
170. HÜSER, J., C. E. RECHENMACHER, AND L. A. BLATTER. Imaging the permeability pore transition in single mitochondria. Biophys. J. 74: 2129-2137, 1998.
171. ICHAS, F., L. S. JOUAVILLE, AND J.-P. MAZAT. Mitochondria are excitable organelles capable of generating and conveying electrical and calcium signals. Cell 89: 1145-1153, 1997.
172. ICHAS, F., L. S. JOUAVILLE, S. S. SIDASH, J.-P. MAZAT, AND E. L. HOLMUHAMEDOV. Mitochondrial calcium spiking: a transduction mechanism based on calcium-induced permeability transition involved in cell calcium signalling. FEBS Lett. 348: 211-215, 1994.
173. ICHAS, F., AND J.-P. MAZAT. From calcium signalling to cell death: two conformations for the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1366: 33-50, 1998.
174. 2+ binding site on the cytoplasmic side of the inner membrane. J. Biol. Chem. 263: 1405-1412, 1988.
175. IMBERTI, R., A. L. NIEMINEN, B. HERMAN, AND J. J. LEMASTERS. Mitochondrial and glycolytic dysfunction in lethal injury to hepatocytes by t-butylhydroperoxide: protection by fructose, cyclosporin A and trifluoperazine. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 265: 392-400, 1993.
176. INAGAKI, N., T. GONOI, J. P. CLEMENT, N. NAMBA, J. INAZAWA, G. GONZALEZ, B. L. AGUILAR, S. SEINO, AND J. BRYAN. Reconstitution of IKATP: an inward rectifier subunit plus the sulfonylurea receptor. Science 270: 1166-1170, 1995.
177. + channel in the mitochondrial inner membrane. Nature 352: 244-247, 1991.
178. ISENBERG, G., S. HAN, A. SCHIEFER, AND M. F. WENDT-GALLITELLI. Changes in mitochondrial calcium concentration during the cardiac contraction cycle. Cardiovasc. Res. 27: 1800-1809, 1993.
179. ATP channel by glyburide and 5-hydroxydecanoate. J. Biol. Chem. 273: 13578-13582, 1998.
180. JOUAVILLE, L. S., F. ICHAS, E. L. HOLMUHAMEDOV, P. CAMACHO, AND J. D. LECHLEITER. Synchronization of calcium waves by mitochondrial substrates in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Nature 377: 438-441, 1995.
181. JUNG, D. W., K. BAYSAL, AND G. P. BRIERLEY. The sodium-calcium antiport of heart mitochondria is not electroneutral. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 672-678, 1995.
182. JUNG, D. W., AND G. P. BRIERLEY. Magnesium transport by mitochondria. J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. 26: 527-535, 1994.
183. 2+ efflux from heart mitochondria by amiloride analogues. FEBS Lett. 162: 262-265, 1983.
184. 2+ from uncoupled heart mitochondria. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 223: 120-128, 1983.
185. + uniports induced by magnesium removal. J. Biol. Chem. 265: 18063-18066, 1990.
186. 2+ uniporter a voltage-modulated transport pathway? FEBS Lett. 282: 61-64, 1991.
187. KINNALLY, K. W., M. L. CAMPO, AND H. TEDESCHI. Mitochondrial channel activity studied by patch-clamping mitoplasts. J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. 21: 497-506, 1989.
188. KLINGENBERG, M., AND D. R. NELSON. Structure-function relationships of the ADP/ATP carrier. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1187: 241-244, 1994.
189. 2+-induced mitochondrial membrane permeabilization: role of coenzyme Q redox state. Am. J. Physiol. 269 (Cell Physiol. 38): C141-C147, 1995.
190. 2+: correlation with mitochondrial permeability transition. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1318: 395-402, 1997.
191. 2+ ions, an allosteric activator of calcium uptake in rat liver mitochondria. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 251: 525-535, 1986.
192. KRÖNER, H. Spermine, another specific allosteric activator of calcium uptake in rat liver mitochondria. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 267: 205-210, 1988.
193. LAPIDUS, R. G., AND P. M. SOKOLOVE. Spermine inhibition of the permeability transition of isolated rat liver mitochondria: an investigation of mechanism. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 306: 246-253, 1993.
194. LAPIDUS, R. G., AND P. M. SOKOLOVE. The mitochondrial permeability transition. Interactions of spermine, ADP, and inorganic phosphate. J. Biol. Chem. 269: 18931-18936, 1994.
195. LEHNINGER, A. L., E. CARAFOLI, AND C. S. ROSSI. Energy-linked ion movements in mitochondrial systems. Adv. Enzymol. Relat. Areas Mol. Biol. 29: 259-320, 1967.
196. 2+ release from mitochondria by the oxidation-reduction state of pyridine nucleotides. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 75: 1690-1694, 1978.
197. LEMASTERS, J. J., A. L. NIEMINEN, T. QIAN, L. TROST, S. P. ELMORE, Y. NISHIMURA, R. A. CROWE, W. E. CASCIO, C. A. BRADHAM, D. A. BRENNER, AND B. HERMAN. The mitochondrial permeability transition in cell death: a common mechanism in necrosis, apoptosis and autophagy. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1366: 177-196, 1998.
198. LENAZ, G. Role of mitochondria in oxidative stress and aging. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1366: 53-67, 1998.
199. LE QUÔC, K., AND D. LE QUÔC. Involvement of the ADP/ATP carrier in calcium-induced perturbations of the mitochondrial inner membrane permeability: importance of the orientation of the nucleotide binding site. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 265: 249-257, 1988.
200. 2+ antiporter from beef heart mitochondria. J. Biol. Chem. 267: 17983-17989, 1992.
201. + antiporter from rat liver mitochondria. J. Biol. Chem. 265: 15316-15322, 1990.
202. 2+ uniporter by external adenine nucleotides: the uniporter behaves like a gated channel which is regulated by nucleotides and divalent cations. Biochemistry 36: 7071-7080, 1997.
203. LIU, X., C. N. KIM, J. YANG, R. JEMMERSON, AND X. WANG. Induction of apoptotic program in cell-free extracts: requirement for dATP and cytochrome c. Cell 86: 147-157, 1996.
204. 2+ transients evoke concurrent mitochondrial depolarizations. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91: 12579-12583, 1994.
205. LOEW, L. M., R. A. TUFT, W. CARRINGTON, AND F. S. FAY. Imaging in five dimensions: time-dependent membrane potentials in individual mitochondria. Biophys. J. 65: 2396-2407, 1993.
206. LÖTSCHER, H. R., K. H. WINTERHALTER, E. CARAFOLI, AND C. RICHTER. Hydroperoxides can modulate the redox state of pyridine nucleotides and the calcium balance in rat liver mitochondria. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 76: 4340-4344, 1979.
207. LÖTSCHER, H. R., K. H. WINTERHALTER, E. CARAFOLI, AND C. RICHTER. Hydroperoxide-induced loss of pyridine nucleotides and release of calcium from rat liver mitochondria. J. Biol. Chem. 255: 9325-9330, 1980.
208. 2+ ions from rat liver mitochondria. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 809: 160-166, 1985.
209. 2+ efflux in heart mitochondria: the site of inhibitory action. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 858: 125-134, 1986.
210. LUO, Y., I. BUDIHARDJO, H. ZOU, C. SLAUGHTER, AND X. WANG. Bid, a Bcl2 interacting protein, mediates cytochrome c release from mitochondria in response to activation of cell surface death receptors. Cell 94: 481-490, 1998.
211. MAJIMA, E., K. IKAWA, M. TAKEDA, M. HASHIMOTO, Y. SHINOHARA, AND H. TERADA. Translocation of loops regulates transport activity of mitochondrial ADP/ATP carrier deduced from formation of a specific intermolecular disulfide bridge catalyzed by copper-o-phenanthroline. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 29548-29554, 1995.
212. MANNELLA, C. A. Mitochondrial channels revisited. J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. 28: 89-91, 1996.
213. MANNELLA, C. A., M. MARKO, AND K. BUTTLE. Reconsidering mitochondrial structure: new views of an old organelle. Trends Biochem. Sci. 22: 37-38, 1997.
214. MASSARI, S. Kinetic analysis of the mitochondrial permeability transition. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 31942-31948, 1996.
215. MASSARI, S., AND G. F. AZZONE. The equivalent pore radius of intact and damaged mitochondria and the mechanism of active shrinkage. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 283: 23-29, 1972.
216. MASSARI, S., E. BALBONI, AND G. F. AZZONE. Distribution of permeant cations in rat liver mitochondria under steady-state conditions. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 283: 16-22, 1972.
217. MASSARI, S., L. FRIGERI, AND G. F. AZZONE. A quantitative correlation between the kinetics of solutes and water translocation in liver mitochondria. J. Membr. Biol. 9: 71-82, 1972.
218. MASSARI, S., L. FRIGERI, AND G. F. AZZONE. Permeability to water, dimension of surface, and structural changes during swelling in rat liver mitochondria. J. Membr. Biol. 9: 57-70, 1972.
219. 2+ using fura-2-loaded rat heart mitochondria. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 973: 420-427, 1989.
220. McCORMACK, J. G., AND R. M. DENTON. The effects of calcium ions and adenine nucleotides on the activity of pig heart 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. Biochem. J. 180: 533-544, 1979.
221. 2+ release channel of sarcoplasmic reticulum. J. Biol. Chem. 261: 6300-6306, 1986.
222. MELA, L. Inhibition and activation of calcium transport in mitochondria. Effect of lanthanides and local anesthetic drugs. Biochemistry 8: 2481-2486, 1969.
223. MIRONOVA, G. D., M. BAUMANN, O. KOLOMYTKIN, Z. KRASICHKOVA, A. BERDIMURATOV, T. SIROTA, I. VIRTANEN, AND N. E. SARIS. Purification of the channel component of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter and its reconstitution into planar lipid bilayers. J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. 26: 231-238, 1994.
224. MITCHELL, P. Coupling of phosphorylation to electron and hydrogen transfer by a chemio-osmotic type of mechanism. Nature 191: 144-148, 1961.
225. MITCHELL, P. Chemiosmotic coupling in oxidative and photosynthetic phosphorylation. Biol. Rev. Camb. Philos. Soc. 41: 445-502, 1966.
226. MITCHELL, P. Chemiosmotic Coupling in Oxidative and Photosynthetic Phosphorylation. Bodmin, UK: Glynn Research, 1966.
227. MITCHELL, P. Keilin's respiratory chain concept and its chemiosmotic consequences. Science 206: 1148-1159, 1979.
228. MITCHELL, P., AND J. MOYLE. Translocation of some anions cations and acids in rat liver mitochondria. Eur. J. Biochem. 9: 149-155, 1969.
229. 2+ concentration in living single rat cardiac myocytes. Am. J. Physiol. 261 (Heart Circ. Physiol. 30): H1123-H1134, 1991.
230. MONTAL, M. Mitochondria, glutamate neurotoxicity and the death cascade. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1366: 113-126, 1998.
231. 2+ transport by ruthenium red. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 42: 298-305, 1971.
232. 2+ concentration. Biochem. J. 256: 403-412, 1988.
233. MOYLE, J., AND P. MITCHELL. Electric charge stoichiometry of calcium translocation in rat liver mitochondria. FEBS Lett. 73: 131-136, 1977.
234. + exchanger of rat liver mitochondria. J. Biol. Chem. 257: 12540-12545, 1982.
235. + exchangers in rat liver mitochondria. J. Biol. Chem. 257: 9252-9254, 1982.
236. +-ATPase. Insights into mechanisms of sodium tolerance. J. Biol. Chem. 272: 26145-26152, 1997.
237. + exchanger in a late endosomal compartment of yeast: implications for vacuole biogenesis. J. Biol. Chem. 273: 21054-21060, 1998.
238. 2+ transport in mitochondria: a comparison between brown fat and liver mitochondria from rat. Acta Chem. Scand. Ser. B Org. Chem. Biochem. 34: 149-151, 1980.
239. NEUPERT, W. Protein import into mitochondria. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 66: 863-917, 1997.
240. NICCHITTA, C. V., AND J. R. WILLIAMSON. Spermine. A regulator of mitochondrial calcium cycling. J. Biol. Chem. 259: 12978-12983, 1984.
241. NICHOLLS, D. G. The regulation of extramitochondrial free calcium ion concentration by rat liver mitochondria. Biochem. J. 176: 463-474, 1978.
242. NICHOLLS, D. G., AND K. E. ÅKERMAN. Mitochondrial calcium transport. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 683: 57-88, 1982.
243. NICHOLLS, D. G., AND M. D. BRAND. The nature of the calcium ion efflux induced in rat liver mitochondria by the oxidation of endogenous nicotinamide nucleotides. Biochem. J. 188: 113-118, 1980.
244. NICHOLLS, D. G., AND S. L. BUDD. Mitochondria and glutamate neurotoxicity. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1366: 97-112, 1998.
245. NICHOLLS, D. G., AND M. CROMPTON. Mitochondrial calcium transport. FEBS Lett. 111: 261-268, 1980.
246. NICHOLLS, D. G., AND I. D. SCOTT. The regulation of brain mitochondrial calcium-ion transport. The role of ATP in the discrimination between kinetic and membrane-potential-dependent calcium-ion efflux mechanisms. Biochem. J. 186: 833-839, 1980.
247. NICOLLI, A., E. BASSO, V. PETRONILLI, R. M. WENGER, AND P. BERNARDI. Interactions of cyclophilin with the mitochondrial inner membrane and regulation of the permeability transition pore, a cyclosporin A-sensitive channel. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 2185-2192, 1996.
248. NICOLLI, A., V. PETRONILLI, AND P. BERNARDI. Modulation of the mitochondrial cyclosporin A-sensitive permeability transition pore by matrix pH. Evidence that the pore open-closed probability is regulated by reversible histidine protonation. Biochemistry 32: 4461-4465, 1993.
249. + conductance of the inner mitochondrial membrane. A study of the inducible uniport for monovalent cations. J. Biol. Chem. 266: 9465-9470, 1991.
250. NOVGORODOV, S. A., AND T. I. GUDZ. Permeability transition pore of the inner mitochondrial membrane can operate in two open states with different selectivities. J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. 28: 139-146, 1996.
251. NOVGORODOV, S. A., T. I. GUDZ, G. P. BRIERLEY, AND D. R. PFEIFFER. Magnesium ion modulates the sensitivity of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore to cyclosporin A and ADP. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 311: 219-228, 1994.
252. NOVGORODOV, S. A., T. I. GUDZ, Y. M. MILGROM, AND G. P. BRIERLEY. The permeability transition in heart mitochondria is regulated synergistically by ADP and cyclosporin A. J. Biol. Chem. 267: 16274-16282, 1992.
253. + exchanger. J. Biol. Chem. 273: 6951-6959, 1998.
254. 2+-dependent mechanisms of cytotoxicity and programmed cell death. Toxicol. Lett. 64-65: 357-364, 1992.
255. 2+ release from heart mitochondria. J. Biol. Chem. 256: 6742-6750, 1981.
256. PALMIERI, F., F. BISACCIA, L. CAPOBIANCO, V. DOLCE, G. FIERMONTE, V. IACOBAZZI, C. INDIVERI, AND L. PALMIERI. Mitochondrial metabolite transporters. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1275: 127-132, 1996.
257. PAPA, S., F. GUERRIERI, S. SIMONE, M. LORUSSO, AND D. LAROSA. Mechanism of respiration-driven proton translocation in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 292: 20-38, 1973.
258. PASTORINO, J. G., J. W. SNYDER, A. SERRONI, J. B. HOEK, AND J. L. FARBER. Cyclosporin and carnitine prevent the anoxic death of cultured hepatocytes by inhibiting the mitochondrial permeability transition. J. Biol. Chem. 268: 13791-13798, 1993.
259. + channel from rat liver and beef heart mitochondria. J. Biol. Chem. 267: 26062-26069, 1992.
260. ATP channel by long-chain acyl-CoA esters and activation by guanine nucleotides. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 32084-32088, 1996.
261. 2+. J. Biol. Chem. 268: 1011-1016, 1993.
262. PETRONILLI, V., C. COLA, S. MASSARI, R. COLONNA, AND P. BERNARDI. Physiological effectors modify voltage sensing by the cyclosporin A-sensitive permeability transition pore of mitochondria. J. Biol. Chem. 268: 21939-21945, 1993.
263. PETRONILLI, V., P. COSTANTINI, L. SCORRANO, R. COLONNA, S. PASSAMONTI, AND P. BERNARDI. The voltage sensor of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore is tuned by the oxidation-reduction state of vicinal thiols. Increase of the gating potential by oxidants and its reversal by reducing agents. J. Biol. Chem. 269: 16638-16642, 1994.
264. PETRONILLI, V., G. MIOTTO, M. CANTON, R. COLONNA, P. BERNARDI, AND F. DI LISA. Imaging the mitochondrial permeability transition in intact cells. Biofactors 8: 263-272, 1998.
265. PETRONILLI, V., G. MIOTTO, M. CANTON, R. COLONNA, P. BERNARDI, AND F. DI LISA. Transient and long-lasting openings of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore can be monitored directly in intact cells by changes of mitochondrial calcein fluorescence. Biophys. J. 76: 725-734, 1999.
266. PETRONILLI, V., A. NICOLLI, P. COSTANTINI, R. COLONNA, AND P. BERNARDI. Regulation of the permeability transition pore, a voltage-dependent mitochondrial channel inhibited by cyclosporin A. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1187: 255-259, 1994.
267. PETRONILLI, V., I. SZABÓ, AND M. ZORATTI. The inner mitochondrial membrane contains ion-conducting channels similar to those found in bacteria. FEBS Lett. 259: 137-143, 1989.
268. PFEIFFER, D. R., T. I. GUDZ, S. A. NOVGORODOV, AND W. L. ERDAHL. The peptide mastoparan is a potent facilitator of the mitochondrial permeability transition. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 4923-4932, 1995.
269. + transport in mitochondria mediated by A23187. Biochemistry 15: 935-943, 1976.
270. 2+ plus N-ethylmaleimide on mitochondrial function. J. Biol. Chem. 254: 11485-11494, 1979.
271. 2+ efflux. Biochemistry 16: 5618-5625, 1977.
272. POZZAN, T., R. RIZZUTO, P. VOLPE, AND J. MELDOLESI. Molecular and cellular physiology of intracellular calcium stores. Physiol. Rev. 74: 595-636, 1994.
273. PRESSMAN, B. C. Biological applications of ionophores. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 45: 501-530, 1976.
274. PRPIC, V., AND F. L. BYGRAVE. On the inter-relationship between glucagon action, the oxidation-reduction state of pyridine nucleotides, and calcium retention by rat liver mitochondria. J. Biol. Chem. 255: 6193-6199, 1980.
275. 2+ transport mechanism in mitochondria. Biochemistry 15: 3834-3842, 1976.
276. RAMACHANDRAN, C., AND F. L. BYGRAVE. Calcium ion cycling in rat liver mitochondria. Biochem. J. 174: 613-620, 1978.
277. REED, J. C., J. JURGENSMEIER, AND S. MATSUYAMA. Bcl-2 family proteins and mitochondria. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1366: 127-137, 1998.
278. REED, K. C., AND F. L. BYGRAVE. The inhibition of mitochondrial calcium transport by lanthanides and ruthenium red. Biochem. J. 140: 143-155, 1974.
279. REED, K. C., AND F. L. BYGRAVE. A kinetic study of mitochondrial calcium transport. Eur. J. Biochem. 55: 497-504, 1975.
280. RICQUIER, D., AND F. BOUILLAUD. The mitochondrial uncoupling protein: structural and genetic studies. Prog. Nucleic Acid Res. Mol. Biol. 56: 83-108, 1997.
281. RIGOBELLO, M. P., E. BARZON, O. MARIN, AND A. BINDOLI. Effect of polycation peptides on mitochondrial permeability transition. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 217: 144-149, 1995.
282. RIGONI, F., Y. MATHIEN-SHIRE, AND R. DEANA. Effect of ruthenium red on calcium efflux from rat liver mitochondria. FEBS Lett. 120: 255-258, 1980.
283. 2+-mediated permeability changes in mitochondria. J. Biol. Chem. 260: 12416-12425, 1985.
284. 2+ efflux in heart and liver mitochondria. Biochem. J. 246: 271-277, 1987.
285. 3-sensitive channels that are sensed by neighboring mitochondria. Science 262: 744-747, 1993.
286. 2+, peroxides, SH reagents, phosphate and aging on the permeability of mitochondrial membranes. Eur. J. Biochem. 162: 239-249, 1987.
287. 2+ revealed by specifically targeted recombinant aequorin. Nature 358: 325-327, 1992.
288. ROBB-GASPERS, L. D., G. A. RUTTER, P. BURNETT, G. HAJNOCZKY, R. M. DENTON, AND A. P. THOMAS. Coupling between cytosolic and mitochondrial calcium oscillations: role in the regulation of hepatic metabolism. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1366: 17-32, 1998.
289. 2+ release from rat liver hepatocytes, permeabilized hepatocytes, and isolated mitochondria. J. Biol. Chem. 266: 24376-24384, 1991.
290. 2+ homeostasis in heart and liver cells. Magnes. Res. 5: 131-137, 1992.
291. ROMANI, A., AND A. SCARPA. Regulation of cell magnesium. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 298: 1-12, 1992.
292. ROMASHKO, D. N., E. MARBAN, AND B. O'ROURKE. Subcellular metabolic transients and mitochondrial redox waves in heart cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95: 1618-1623, 1998.
293. ROSE, B., AND W. R. LOEWENSTEIN. Calcium ion distribution in cytoplasm visualised by aequorin: diffusion in cytosol restricted by energized sequestering. Science 190: 1204-1206, 1975.
294. 2+ transport against its electrochemical gradient in cytochrome oxidase vesicles reconstituted with mitochondrial hydrophobic proteins. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 210: 549-564, 1981.
295. 2+ and phosphate, and oxidative phosphorylation in rat liver mitochondria. J. Biol. Chem. 239: 3971-3980, 1964.
296. + exchange system. FEBS Lett. 274: 65-68, 1990.
297. 2+ transport in brain mitochondria. Cell Calcium 13: 41-47, 1992.
298. ROTTENBERG, H., AND A. SCARPA. Calcium uptake and membrane potential in mitochondria. Biochemistry 13: 4811-4817, 1974.
299. RÜCK, A., M. DOLDER, T. WALLIMANN, AND D. BRDICZKA. Reconstituted adenine nucleotide translocase forms a channel for small molecules comparable to the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. FEBS Lett. 426: 97-101, 1998.
300. 2+ with recombinant targeted aequorin: significance for the regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase activity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93: 5489-5494, 1996.
301. 2+ to supramicromolar levels in a pancreatic beta-cell line. Possible role in glucose and agonist-induced insulin secretion. J. Biol. Chem. 268: 22385-22390, 1993.
302. + antiporter. Acta Chem. Scand. Ser. B Org. Chem. Biochem. 41: 79-82, 1987.
303. SARIS, N. E., AND A. ALLSHIRE. Calcium ion transport in mitochondria. Methods Enzymol. 174: 68-85, 1989.
304. 2+-efflux pathways. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 725: 19-24, 1983.
305. SATHER, W. A., J. YANG, AND R. W. TSIEN. Structural basis of ion channel permeation and selectivity. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 4: 313-323, 1994.
306. 2+ uptake. Eur. J. Biochem. 12: 328-335, 1970.
307. SCARPA, A., AND J. G. LINDSAY. Maintenance of energy-linked functions in rat liver mitochondria aged in the presence of nupercaine. Eur. J. Biochem. 27: 401-407, 1972.
308. SCHAPIRA, A. H. V. Mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodegenerative disorders. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1366: 225-233, 1998.
309. 2+ transport by amiloride analogues. Cell Calcium 6: 431-447, 1985.
310. SCHENDEL, S., M. MONTAL, AND J. C. REED. Bcl-2 family proteins as ion channels. Cell Death Differ. 5: 372-380, 1998.
311. SCHULTHEISS, H. P., AND M. KLINGENBERG. Immunochemical characterization of the adenine nucleotide translocator. Organ specificity and conformation specificity. Eur. J. Biochem. 143: 599-605, 1984.
312. SCORRANO, L., A. NICOLLI, E. BASSO, V. PETRONILLI, AND P. BERNARDI. Two modes of activation of the permeability transition pore: the role of mitochondrial cyclophilin. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 174: 181-184, 1997.
313. SCORRANO, L., V. PETRONILLI, AND P. BERNARDI. On the voltage dependence of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. A critical appraisal. J. Biol. Chem. 272: 12295-12299, 1997.
314. SELWYN, M. J., A. P. DAWSON, AND S. J. DUNNETT. Calcium transport in mitochondria. FEBS Lett. 10: 1-5, 1970.
315. SETTLEMIRE, C. T., G. R. HUNTER, AND G. P. BRIERLEY. Ion transport in heart mitochondria. 8. The effect of ethylenediaminetetraacetate on monovalent ion uptake. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 162: 487-499, 1968.
316. + from heart mitochondria by depletion of endogenous divalent cations. J. Biol. Chem. 255: 10306-10311, 1980.
317. SILIPRANDI, D., N. SILIPRANDI, AND A. TONINELLO. On the relationship between calcium and phosphate transport, transmembrane potential and acetoacetate-induced oxidation of pyridine nucleotides in rat liver mitochondria. Eur. J. Biochem. 130: 173-175, 1983.
318. SMITH, J. S., T. IMAGAWA, J. MA, M. FILL, K. P. CAMPBELL, AND R. CORONADO. Purified ryanodine receptor from rabbit skeletal muscle is the calcium-release channel of sarcoplasmic reticulum. J. Gen. Physiol. 92: 1-26, 1988.
319. 2+ transport. Am. J. Physiol. 246 (Cell Physiol. 15): C172-C176, 1984.
320. SORGATO, M. C., B. U. KELLER, AND W. STÜHMER. Patch-clamping of the inner mitochondrial membrane reveals a voltage-dependent ion channel. Nature 330: 498-500, 1987.
321. SORGATO, M. C., AND O. MORAN. Channels in mitochondrial membranes: knowns, unknowns, and prospects for the future. Crit. Rev. Biochem. Mol. Biol. 28: 127-171, 1993.
322. 2+ binding glycoprotein from ox liver mitochondria. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 47: 808-813, 1972.
323. SPARAGNA, G. C., K. K. GUNTER, AND T. E. GUNTER. A system for producing and monitoring in vitro calcium pulses similar to those observed in vivo. Anal. Biochem. 219: 96-103, 1994.
324. SPARAGNA, G. C., K. K. GUNTER, S. S. SHEU, AND T. E. GUNTER. Mitochondrial calcium uptake from physiological-type pulses of calcium. A description of the rapid uptake mode. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 27510-27515, 1995.
325. SRIVASTAVA, M., G. GOPING, H. CAOHUY, P. McPHIE, AND H. B. POLLARD. Detection and localization of synexin (Annexin VII) in Xenopus adult and embryonic tissues using an antibody to the Xenopus N-terminal PGQM repeat domain. Exp. Cell Res. 229: 14-19, 1996.
326. SUSIN, S. A., H. K. LORENZO, N. ZAMZAMI, I. MARZO, B. E. SNOW, G. M. BROTHERS, J. MANGION, E. JACOTOT, P. COSTANTINI, M. LOEFFLER, N. LAROCHETTE, D. R. GOODLETT, R. AEBERSOLD, D. P. SIDEROVSKI, J. M. PENNINGER, AND G. KROEMER. Molecular characterization of mitochondrial apoptosis-inducing factor. Nature 397: 441-446, 1999.
327. SUSIN, S. A., N. ZAMZAMI, AND G. KROEMER. Mitochondria as regulators of apoptosis: doubts no more. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1366: 151-165, 1998.
328. SZABÓ, I., P. BERNARDI, AND M. ZORATTI. Modulation of the mitochondrial megachannel by divalent cations and protons. J. Biol. Chem. 267: 2940-2946, 1992.
329. SZABÓ, I., AND M. ZORATTI. The giant channel of the inner mitochondrial membrane is inhibited by cyclosporin A. J. Biol. Chem. 266: 3376-3379, 1991.
330. SZABÓ, I., AND M. ZORATTI. The mitochondrial megachannel is the permeability transition pore. J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. 24: 111-117, 1992.
331. SZABÓ, I., AND M. ZORATTI. The mitochondrial permeability transition pore may comprise VDAC molecules. I. Binary structure and voltage dependence of the pore. FEBS Lett. 330: 201-205, 1993.
332. SZEWCZYK, A. Intracellular targets for antidiabetic sulfonylureas and potassium channel openers. Biochem. Pharmacol. 54: 961-965, 1997.
333. + channel on mitochondrial potassium uniport. Biochem. Mol. Biol. Int. 38: 477-484, 1996.
334. + uniports induced by magnesium depletion. Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 28: 863-871, 1996.
335. + uniport. Pol. J. Pharmacol. 47: 339-344, 1995.
336. SZEWCZYK, A., G. WOJCIK, N. A. LOBANOV, AND M. J. NALECZ. The mitochondrial sulfonylurea receptor: identification and characterization. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 230: 611-615, 1997.
337. SZEWCZYK, A., G. WOJCIK, AND M. J. NALECZ. Potassium channel opener, RP 66471, induces membrane depolarization of rat liver mitochondria. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 207: 126-132, 1995.
338. 2+ fluxes, mitochondrial oxidation and gluconeogenesis in perfused rat liver. Biochem. J. 212: 555-566, 1983.
339. TEDESCHI, H., AND D. L. HARRIS. The osmotic behaviour and permeability to nonelectrolytes of mitochondria. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 58: 52-67, 1955.
340. TEDESCHI, H., AND D. L. HARRIS. Some observations on the photometric estimation of mitochondrial volume. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 28: 392-402, 1958.
341. 2+ and phosphate movements. FEBS Lett. 142: 63-66, 1982.
342. TSIEN, R. W., AND R. Y. TSIEN. Calcium channels, stores, and oscillations. Annu. Rev. Cell Biol. 6: 715-760, 1990.
343. TSIEN, R. Y. New calcium indicators and buffers with high selectivity against magnesium and protons: design, synthesis, and properties of prototype structures. Biochemistry 19: 2396-2404, 1980.
344. TSIEN, R. Y. A non-disruptive technique for loading calcium buffers and indicators into cells. Nature 290: 527-528, 1981.
345. TSIEN, R. Y., T. POZZAN, AND T. J. RINK. Calcium homeostasis in intact lymphocytes: cytoplasmic free calcium monitored with a new, intracellularly trapped fluorescent indicator. J. Cell Biol. 94: 325-334, 1982.
346. 2+ and membrane potential in lymphocytes. Nature 295: 68-71, 1982.
347. 2+ in cytoplasm. In: Current Methods in Cellular Neurophysiology, edited by J. L. Barker and J. McKelvy. New York: Wiley, 1983, p. 249-312.
348. VAINIO, H., L. MELA, AND B. CHANCE. Energy dependent bivalent cation translocation in rat liver mitochondria. Eur. J. Biochem. 12: 387-391, 1970.
349. 2+ transport and respiration in rat liver mitochondria. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 256: 43-54, 1972.
350. 2+ uptake by rat kidney mitochondria and its dependence on respiration and phosphorylation. J. Biol. Chem. 237: 2670-2677, 1962.
351. 2+ efflux from swelling and membrane damage. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 232: 86-91, 1984.
352. 2+ efflux from rat liver mitochondria. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 252: 171-178, 1987.
353. 2+ from heart mitochondria in the presence of inorganic pyrophosphate. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 118: 147-153, 1984.
354. VINOGRADOV, A., AND A. SCARPA. The initial velocities of calcium uptake by rat liver mitochondria. J. Biol. Chem. 248: 5527-5531, 1973.
355. VINOGRADOV, A., A. SCARPA, AND B. CHANCE. Calcium and pyridine nucleotide interaction in mitochondrial membranes. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 152: 646-654, 1972.
356. WAN, B., K. F. LANOUE, J. Y. CHEUNG, AND R. C. SCADUTO, JR. Regulation of citric acid cycle by calcium. J. Biol. Chem. 264: 13430-13439, 1989.
357. 2+ and the permeability of heart mitochondria to monovalent cations. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 174: 312-323, 1976.
358. WERTH, J. L., AND S. A. THAYER. Mitochondria buffer physiological calcium loads in cultured rat dorsal root ganglion neurons. J. Neurosci. 14: 348-356, 1994.
359. 2+ concentration in non-beating guinea pig ventricular myocytes. Circ. Res. 66: 241-248, 1990.
360. WINGROVE, D. E., J. M. AMATRUDA, AND T. E. GUNTER. Glucagon effects on the membrane potential and calcium uptake rate of rat liver mitochondria, J. Biol. Chem. 259: 9390-9394, 1984.
361. WINGROVE, D. E., AND T. E. GUNTER. Kinetics of mitochondrial calcium transport. I. Characteristics of the sodium-independent calcium efflux mechanism of liver mitochondria. J. Biol. Chem. 261: 15159-15165, 1986.
362. WINGROVE, D. E., AND T. E. GUNTER. Kinetics of mitochondrial calcium transport. II. A kinetic description of the sodium-dependent calcium efflux mechanism of liver mitochondria and inhibition by ruthenium red and by tetraphenylphosphonium. J. Biol. Chem. 261: 15166-15171, 1986.
363. WOLKOWICZ, P. E., AND W. J. McMILLIN. Dissociation between mitochondria calcium ion release and pyridine nucleotide oxidation. J. Biol. Chem. 255: 10348-10353, 1980.
364. WOLKOWICZ, P. E., L. H. MICHAEL, R. M. LEWIS, AND W. J. McMILLIN. Sodium-calcium exchange in dog heart mitochondria: effects of ischemia and verapamil. Am. J. Physiol. 244 (Heart Circ. Physiol. 13): H644-H651, 1983.
365. WOODFIELD, K. Y., N. T. PRICE, AND A P. HALESTRAP. cDNA cloning of rat mitochondrial cyclophilin. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1351: 27-30, 1997.
366. YANG, J., X. LIU, K. BHALLA, C. N. KIM, A. M. IBRADO, J. CAI, T. I. PENG, D. P. JONES, AND X. WANG. Prevention of apoptosis by Bcl-2: release of cytochrome c from mitochondria blocked. Science 275: 1129-1132, 1997.
367. YING, W. L., J. EMERSON, M. J. CLARKE, AND D. R. SANADI. Inhibition of mitochondrial calcium ion transport by an oxobridged dinuclear ruthenium amine complex. Biochemistry 30: 4949-4952, 1991.
368. ZAMZAMI, N., P. MARCHETTI, M. CASTEDO, D. DECAUDIN, A. MACHO, T. HIRSCH, S. A. SUSIN, P. X. PETIT, B. MIGNOTTE, AND G. KROEMER. Sequential reduction of mitochondrial transmembrane potential and generation of reactive oxygen species in early programmed cell death. J. Exp. Med. 182: 367-377, 1995.
369. ZAZUETA, C., F. MASSO, A. PAEZ, C. BRAVO, A. VEGA, L. MONTANO, M. VAZQUEZ, J. RAMIREZ, AND E. CHAVEZ. Identification of a 20-kDa protein with calcium uptake transport activity. Reconstitution in a membrane model. J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. 26: 555-562, 1994.
370. ZOCCARATO, F., AND D. G. NICHOLLS. The role of phosphate in the regulation of the independent calcium-efflux pathway of liver mitochondria. Eur. J. Biochem. 127: 333-338, 1982.
371. + electrochemical gradient in rat-liver mitochondria. Eur. J. Biochem. 126: 443-451, 1982.
372. ZORATTI, M., AND I. SZABÓ. The mitochondrial permeability transition. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1241: 139-176, 1995.
373. ZOU, H. W. J. HENZEL, X. LIU, A. LUTSCHG, AND X. WANG. Apaf-1, a human protein homologous to C. elegans CED-4, participates in cytochrome c-dependent activation of caspase-3. Cell 90: 405-413, 1997.