Thiopental attenuates energetic impairment but fails to normalize cerebrospinal fluid glutamate in brain-injured patients

Critical Care Medicine

Volumn 27, Issue 7, 1999, Pages 1351-1357

  Stover, John F ^a,b   Pleines, Ulrike E ^a   Morganti Kossmann, Maria C ^a   Stocker, Reto ^a   Kossmann, Thomas ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL ZURICH   (Switzerland)

^b CHARITÉ UNIVERSITÄTSMEDIZIN BERLIN   (Germany)

Author keywords

Barbiturate coma; Cerebrospinal fluid; Electroencephalogram; Glutamate; Hypoxanthine; Intracranial pressure; Lactate; Thiopental; Traumatic brain injury

Indexed keywords

FENTANYL; GLUTAMIC ACID; HYPOXANTHINE; LACTIC ACID; MIDAZOLAM; THIOPENTAL;

ARTICLE; BRAIN EDEMA; BRAIN INJURY; BRAIN PERFUSION; CEREBROSPINAL FLUID ANALYSIS; CLINICAL ARTICLE; COMA; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY; HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; HUMAN; INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSPECTIVE STUDY;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; BRAIN INJURIES; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY; FEMALE; GLUTAMIC ACID; HUMANS; HYPNOTICS AND SEDATIVES; HYPOXANTHINE; INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION; INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE; LACTIC ACID; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; STATISTICS, NONPARAMETRIC; THIOPENTAL;

EID: 0032797072     PISSN: 00903493     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00003246-199907000-00028     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. McIntosh TK, Smith DH, Meaney DF, et al: Neuropathologic sequelae of traumatic brain injury: Relationship to neurochemical and biomechanical mechanisms. Lab Invest 1996; 74:315-342
2. Katayama Y, Becker DP, Tamura T, et al: Massive increases in extracellular potassium and the indiscriminate release of glutamate following concussive brain injury. J Neurosurg 1990; 73:889-900
3. DeSalles AAF, Kontos HA, Becker DP, et al: Prognostic significance of ventricular CSF lactic acidosis in severe head injury. J Neurosurg 1986; 65:615-624
4. Nilsson P, Hillered L, Pontén U, et al: Changes in cortical extracellular levels of energy-related metabolites and amino acids following concussive brain injury in rats. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 1990; 10:631-637
5. Obrenovitch TP, Urenjak J: Altered glutamatergic transmission in neurological disorders: From high extracellular glutamate to excessive synaptic efficacy. Prog Neurobiol 1997; 51:39-87
6. Hannson E, Johansson BB, Westergren I, et al: Glutamate-induced swelling of single astroglial cells in primary culture. Neuroscience 1994; 63:1057-1066
7. Yoshino A, Hovda DA, Kawamata T, et al: Dynamic changes in local cerebral glucose utilization following cerebral concussion in rats: Evidence of a hyper- and subsequent hypometabolic state. Brain Res 1991; 561: 106-119
8. Kawamata T, Katayama Y, Hovda DA, et al: Lactate accumulation following concussive brain injury: The role of ionic fluxes induced by excitatory amino acids. Brain Res 1995; 674:196-204
9. Mueller RA, Rosner MJ, Ghia JN, et al: Alterations in cerebrospinal fluid uridine, hypoxanthine, and xanthine in head-injured patients. Cell Mol Neurobiol 1988; 8:235-243
10. Hagberg H, Andersson P, Butcher S, et al: Blockade of N-methyl-D-aspartate-sensitive acidic amino acid receptors inhibits ischemia-induced accumulation of purine catabolites in the rat striatum. Neurosci Lett 1986; 68:311-316
11. Yoshida S, Inoh S, Asano T, et al: Brain free fatty acids, edema, and mortality in gerbils subjected to transient bilateral ischemia, and the effect of barbiturate anesthesia. J Neurochem 1983; 40:1278-1286
12. Nehls DG, Todd MM, Spetzler RF, et al: A comparison of the cerebral protective effects of isoflurane and barbiturates during temporary focal ischemia in primates. Anesthesiology 1987; 66:453-464
13. Amakawa K, Adachi N, Liu K, et al: Effects of pre- and postischemic administration of thiopental on transmitter amino acid release and histologic outcome in gerbils. Anesthesiology 1996; 85:1422-1430
14. Nordby HK, Nesbakken R: The effect of high dose barbiturate decompression after severe head injury: A controlled clinical trial. Acta Neurochir 1984; 72:157-166
15. Wilberger JE, Cantella D: High-dose barbiturates for intracranial pressure control. New Horiz 1995; 3:469-473
16. Nelson SR, Schulz DW, Passonneua JV, et al: Control of glycogen levels in brain. J Neurochem 1968; 15:1271-1279
17. Michenfelder JD, Van Dyke RA, Theye RA: The effects of anesthetic agents and techniques on canine cerebral ATP and lactate levels. Anesthesiology 1970; 33:315-321
18. Lukatch HS, MacIver B: Synaptic mechanisms of thiopental-induced alterations in synchronized cortical activity. Anesthesiology 1996; 84:1425-1434
19. A receptor/ chloride channel complex in anesthesia. Anesthesiology 1993; 78:757-776
20. Nicoll RA: Presynaptic action of barbiturates in the frog spinal cord. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1975; 72:1460-1463
21. Nicoll RA, Eccles JC, Oshima T, et al: Prolongation of hippocampal inhibitory potentials of barbiturates. Nature 1975; 258: 625-627
22. Carlà V, Moroni F: General anesthetics inhibit the responses induced by glutamate receptor agonists in the mouse cortex. Neurosci Lett 1992; 146:21-24
23. Olney JW, Price MT, Fuller TA, et al: The anti-excitotoxic effects of certain anesthetics, analgesics and sedative-hypnotics. Neurosci Lett 1986; 68:29-34
24. Bickler PE, Buck LT, Feiner JR: Volatile and intravenous anesthetics decrease glutamate release from cortical brain slices during anoxia. Anesthesiology 1995; 83:1233-1240
25. Barker JL, Ransom BR: Pentobarbitone pharmacology of mammalian central neurones grown in tissue culture. J Physiol 1977; 280: 355-372
26. Stocker R, Bernays T, Kossmann T, et al: Monitoring and treatment of acute head injury. In: The Integrated Approach to Trauma Care. Goris RJA, Trentz O (Eds). Berlin, Springer-Verlag, 1995, pp 196-210
27. Stover JF, Pleines UE, Morganti-Kossmann MC, et al: Neurotransmitters in cerebrospinal fluid reflect pathologic activity. Eur J Clin Invest 1997; 27:1038-1043
28. Stover JF, Lowitzsch K, Kempski OS: Cerebrospinal fluid hypoxanthine, xanthine and uric acid levels may reflect glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity in different neurological diseases. Neurosci Lett 1997; 237: 25-28
29. Stover JF, Lenzlinger PM, Stocker R, et al: Thiopental in CSF and serum correlates with prolonged loss of cortical activity. Eur Neurol 1998; 39:223-228
30. Danbolt NC: The high affinity uptake system for excitatory amino acids in the brain. Prog Neurobiol 1994; 44:377-396
31. Torp R, Andiné P, Hagberg H, et al: Cellular and subcellular redistribution of glutamate-, glutamine-, and taurine-like immunoreactivities during forebrain ischemia: A semiquantitative electron microscopic study in rat hippocampus. Neuroscience 1991; 41:433-447
32. Montgomery DL: Astrocytes: Form, functions, and roles in disease. Vet Pathol 1994; 31:145-167
33. Kimelberg HK, Rose JW, Barron KD, et al: Astrocytic swelling in traumatic-hypoxic brain injury: Beneficial effects of an inhibitor of anion exchange transport and glutamate uptake in glial cells. Mol Chem Neuropathol 1989; 11:1-31
34. Baethmann A, Maier-Hauff, Schürer L, et al: Release of glutamate and of free fatty acids in vasogenic brain edema. J Neurosurg 1989; 79:578-591
35. Levin SD, Brown JK, Harkness RA: Cerebrospinal fluid hypoxanthine and xanthine concentrations as indicators of metabolic damage due to raised intracranial pressure in hydrocephalic children. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1984; 47:730-733
36. DeWitt DS, Jenkins LW, Prough DS: Enhanced vulnerability to secondary ischemic insults after experimental traumatic brain injury. New Horiz 1995; 3:376-383
37. Okiyama K, Smith DH, Gennarelli TA, et al: The sodium channel blocker and glutamate release inhibitor BW 1003C87 and magnesium attenuate regional cerebral edema following experimental brain injury in the rat. J Neurochem 1995; 64:802-809
38. Phillis JW, Song D, O'Regan MH: Inhibition by anion channel blockers of ischemia-evoked release of excitotoxic and other amino acids from rat cerebral cortex. Brain Res 1997; 758:9-16
39. Wong EHF, Kemp JA: Sites for antagonism on the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor channel complex. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 1991; 31:401-425
40. Ebling WF, Danhof M, Stanski DR: Pharmacodynamic characterization of the electroencephalographic effects of thiopental in rats. J Pharmacokinet Biopharm 1991; 19: 123-143
41. Balcar VJ, Roth-Schechter BF, Mandel P: Effect of chronic pentobarbital treatment on high affinity uptake of L-glutamate by cultured glial cells. Biochem Pharmacol 1978; 27:2955-2956
42. A receptors and molecular aspects. Life Sci 1996; 39:169-195
43. Olney JW, Labruyère J, Wang G, et al: NMDA antagonist neurotoxicity: Mechanism and prevention. Science 1991; 254:1515-1518
44. Madl JE, Burgesser K: Adenosine triphosphate depletion reverses sodium-dependent, neuronal uptake of glutamate in rat hippocampal slices. J Neurosci 1993; 13: 4429-4444
45. + gradients, and neurotransmitter amino acid levels in isolated brain synaptosomes. J Neurochem 1987; 49:1229-1240