Striatal outflow of adenosine, excitatory amino acids, γ-aminobutyric acid, and taurine in awake freely moving rats after middle cerebral artery occlusion: Correlations with neurological deficit and histopathological damage

Stroke

Volumn 30, Issue 11, 1999, Pages 2448-2455

  Melani, Alessia ^a   Pantoni, Leonardo ^a   Corsi, Claudia ^a   Bianchi, Loria ^a   Monopoli, Angela ^a   Bertorelli, Rosalia ^a   Pepeu, Giancarlo ^a   Pedata, Felicita ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF FLORENCE   (Italy)

Author keywords

Adenosine; Amino acids; Cerebral ischemia, focal; Middle cerebral artery occlusion; Rats

Indexed keywords

4 AMINOBUTYRIC ACID; ADENOSINE; EXCITATORY AMINO ACID; TAURINE;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ARTICLE; BRAIN CORTEX; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CORPUS STRIATUM; HISTOPATHOLOGY; MALE; MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY OCCLUSION; NEUROLOGIC DISEASE; NEUROPROTECTION; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RAT;

EID: 0032704063     PISSN: 00392499     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1161/01.STR.30.11.2448     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. Ginsberg MD, Busto R. Rodent models of cerebral ischemia. Stroke. 1989;20:1627-1642.
2. Tyson GW, Teasdale GM, Graham DI, McCulloch J. Focal cerebral ischemia in the rat: topography of hemodynamic and histopathological changes. Ann Neurol. 1984;15:559-567.
3. Garcia JH, Liu KF, Ho KL. Neuronal necrosis after middle cerebral artery occlusion in Wistar rats progresses at different time intervals in the caudoputamen and the cortex. Stroke. 1995;26:636-643.
4. Choi DW, Rothman SM. The role of glutamate neurotoxicity in hypoxic-ischemic neuronal death. Ann Rev Neurosci. 1990;13:171-182.
5. Morely P, Hogan MJ, Hakim AM. Calcium-mediated mechanisms of ischemic injury and protection. Brain Pathol. 1994;4:37-47.
6. Hossmann K-A. Glutamate-mediated injury in focal cerebral ischemia: the excitation hypothesis revisited. Brain Pathol. 1994;4:22-36.
7. Leach MJ, Swan JH, Eisenthal D, Dopson M, Nobbs M. BW619C89, a glutamate release inhibitor, protects against focal cerebral ischemia damage. Stroke. 1993;24:1063-1067.
8. Rudolphi KA, Schubert P, Parkinson FE, Fredholm BB. Neuroprotective role of adenosine in cerebral ischemia. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 1992;13:439-445.
9. Evans MC, Swan JH, Meldrum BS. An adenosine analogue, 2-chloro-adenosine, protects against long term development of ischemic cell loss in the rat hippocampus. Neurosci Lett. 1987;83:287-292.
10. 1 receptor agonist. Eur J Pharmacol. 1996;302:43-48.
11. Von Lubitz DKJE, Carter MF, Beenhakker M, Lin RC-S, Jacobson KA. Adenosine: a prototherapeutic concept in neurodegeneration. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1996;765:163.
12. Phillis JW, O'Regan MH. Deoxycoformycin antagonizes ischemia-induced neuronal degeneration. Brain Res Bull. 1988;22:537-540.
13. 2A adenosine receptors: an apparent paradox. Drug Devel Res. 1998;45: 387-393.
14. 3 receptor stimulation and cerebral ischemia. Eur J Pharmacol. 1994;263: 59-67.
15. Von Lubitz DKJE. Adenosine and cerebral ischemia: therapeutic future or death of a brave concept? Eur J Pharmacol. 1999;365:9-25.
16. Zea Longa E, Weinstein PR, Carlson S, Cummins R. Reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion without craniectomy in rats. Stroke. 1989;20:84-91.
17. Butcher SP, Bulloch R, Graham DI, McCulloch J. Correlation between amino acid release and neuropathologic outcome in rat brain following middle cerebral artery occlusion. Stroke. 1990;21:1727-1733.
18. Hillered L, Hallström A, Segersvärd S, Persson L, Ungerstedt U. Dynamics of extracellular metabolites in the striatum after middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat monitored by intracerebral microdialysis. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 1989;9:607-616.
19. Matsumoto K, Graf R, Rosner G, Shimada N, Heiss WD. Flow thresholds for extracellular purine catabolite elevation in cat focal ischemia. Brain Res. 1992;579:309-314.
20. Phillis JW, Smith-Barbour M, O'Regan MH, Perkins LM. Amino acid and purine release in rat brain following temporary middle cerebral artery occlusion. Neurochem Res. 1994;19:1125-1130.
21. Takagi K, Ginsberg MD, Globus MY-T, Dietrich WD, Martinez E, Kraydieh S, Busto R. Changes in amino acid neurotransmitters and cerebral blood flow in the ischemic penumbra region following middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat: correlation with histopathology. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 1993;13:575-585.
22. Shirotani T, Shima K, Chigasaki H. In vivo studies of extracellular metabolites in the striatum after middle cerebral artery occlusion in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Stroke. 1995;26:878-884.
23. Paxinos G, Watson G, eds. The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates. New York, NY: Academic Press: 1982.
24. Pedata F, Latini S, Pazzagli M, Pepeu G. Adenosine outflow from hippocampal slices evoked by ischemic-like conditions: effect of the excitatory amino acid antagonists. Drug Devel Res. 1993;28:395-398.
25. Lenda K, Sveneby G. Rapid high performance liquid chromatographic determination of amino acids in synaptosomal extracts. J Chromatogr B. 1980; 198:516-519.
26. Garcia HJ, Wagner S, Liu K-F, Hu X-J. Neurological deficit and extent of neuronal necrosis attributable to middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats: statistical validation. Stroke. 1995;26:627-634.
27. Pantoni L, Bartolini L, Pracucci G, Inzitari D. Interrater agreement on a simple neurological score in rats. Stroke. 1998;28:871-872.
28. Lyden PD, Lonzo LM, Nunez SY, Dockstader T, Mathieu-Costello O, Zivin JA. Effect of ischemic cerebral volume changes on behavior. Behav Brain Res. 1997;87:59-67.
29. Benveniste H, Drejer J, Schousboe A, Diemer NH. Regional cerebral glucose phosphorylation and blood flow after insertion of a microdialysis fiber through the dorsal hippocampus in the rat. J Neurochem. 1987;49:729-734.
30. + depolarization, tetrodotoxin, and NMDA receptor inhibition on extracellular adenosine levels in rat striatum. Eur J Pharmacol. 1993;234:61-65.
31. Corsi C, Pazzagli M, Bianchi L, Della Corte L, Pepeu G, Pedata F. In vivo amino acid release from the striatum of aging rats: adenosine modulation. Neurobiol Aging. 1997;18:243-250.
32. Matsumoto K, Lo EH, Pierce AR, Halpern EF, Newcomb R. Secondary elevation of extracellular neurotransmitter amino acids in the reperfusion phase following focal cerebral ischemia. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 1996; 16:114-124.
33. Laing RJ, Jakubowski J, Laing RW. Middle cerebral artery occlusion without craniectomy in rats: which method works best? Stroke. 1993;24:294-298.
34. Nagasawa H, Kogure K. Correlation between cerebral blood flow and histologic changes in a new rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion. Stroke. 1989;20:1037-1043.
35. Dux E, Fastbom J, Ungersted U, Rudolphi KA, Fredholm BB. Protective effect of adenosine and a novel xanthine derivative propentophylline on the cell damage after bilateral carotid occlusion in the gerbil hippocampus. Brain Res. 1990;516:248-256.
36. Hagberg H, Andersson P, Lacarewicz J, Jacobson I, Butcher S, Sandberg M. Extracellular adenosine, inosine, hypoxanthine, and xanthine in relation to tissue nucleotides and purines in rat striatum during transient ischemia. J Neurochem. 1987;49:227-231.
37. Fredholm BB, Abbracchio MP, Burnstock G, Daly JW, Harden TK, Jacobson KA, Leff P, Williams M. Nomenclature and classification of purinoceptors. Pharmacol Rev. 1994;46:143-156.
38. 3 receptors: novel ligand and paradoxical effects. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 1998;19:184-191.
39. Globus MY-T, Busto R, Dietrich WD, Martinez E, Valdés I, Ginsberg MD. Effect of ischemia on the in vivo release of striatal dopamine, glutamate and GABA studied by intracerebral microdialysis. J Neurochem. 1988;51: 1455-1464.
40. Pazzagli M, Corsi C, Fratti S, Pedata F, Pepeu G. Regulation of extracellular adenosine levels in the striatum of aging rats. Brain Res. 1995;684:103-106.
41. Sciotti VM, Roche FM, Grabb MC, Van Wylen DGL. Adenosine receptor blockade augments interstitial fluid levels of excitatory amino acids during cerebral ischemia. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 1992;12:646-655.
42. 1 receptor agonist. Eur J Pharmacol. 1998;357:149-155.
43. 2 adenosine receptor agonist CGS 21680 enhances excitatory transmitter amino acid release from the ischemic rat cerebral cortex. Neurosci Lett. 1992;138: 169-172.
44. 2A receptor stimulation enhances striatal extracellular glutamate levels in rats. Eur J Pharmacol. 1995;287:215-217.
45. +-evoked glutamate release in vivo in young and aged rats. Neuroreport. 1999;10:687-691.
46. Meghji P. Adenosine production and metabolism. In: Stone T, ed. Adenosine in the Nervous System. London, England: Academic Press; 1991:25-42.
47. White TD. Potentiation of excitatory amino acid-evoked adenosine release from rat cortex by inhibitors of adenosine kinase and adenosine deaminase and by cortex by acadesine. Eur J Pharmacol. 1996;303:27-38.
48. Kita H, Shima K, Iwata M, Chigasaki H. Local cerebral blood flow, glucose content and glucose utilization in focal cerebral ischemia in spontaneously hypertensive stroke-prone rats. In: Avezaat CJJ, van Eijndhoven JHM, Maas AIR, Tans JThJ, eds. Intracranial Pressure. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag; 1993;38:182-185.
49. Petito CK, Chung MC, Verkhovsky LM, Cooper AJL. Brain glutamine synthetase increases following cerebral ischemia in the rat. Brain Res. 1992; 569:275-280.
50. Schousboe A, Larsson OM, Drejer J, Krogsgaard-Larsen P, Hertz L. Uptake and release of glutamate, glutamine and GABA in cultured neurons and astrocytes. In: Hertz L, Kvamme E, McGeer EG, Schousboe A, eds. Glutamine, Glutamate and GABA in the Central Nervous System. New York, NY; Liss; 1983:297-315.
51. Larsson OM, Thorbek P, Krogsgaard-Larsen P, Schousboe A. Effect of homo-b-proline and other heterocyclic GABA analogues on GABA uptake in neurons and astroglial cells and GABA receptor binding. J Neurochem. 1981;37:1509-1516.
52. Garcia JH, Yoshida H, Chen H, Li Y, Zhang ZG, Lian J, Chen S, Chopp M. Progression from ischemic injury to infarct following middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat. Am J Pathol. 1993;142:623-663.
53. Garcia JK, Liu K-F, Yoshida Y, Chen S, Lian J. Influx of leukocytes and platelets in an evolving brain infarct (Wistar rats). Am J Pathol. 1994;144: 188-199.
54. Erecinska M, Nelson D, Wilson DF, Silver IA. Neurotransmitter amino acids in the CNS, I: regional changes in amino acid levels in rat brain during ischemia and reperfusion. Brain Res. 1984;304:9-22.
55. A receptors. Science. 1995;269:977-981.
56. O' Regan MH, Simpson RE, Perkins LM, Phillis JW. Adenosine receptor agonists inhibit the release of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) from the ischemic rat cerebral cortex. Brain Res. 1992;582:22-26.
57. 2A receptor-mediated modulation of striatal GABA and ACh release. Br J Pharmacol. 1994;113:43-48.
58. 2A receptors in regulating GABAergic synaptic transmission in striatal medium spiny neurons. J Neurosci. 1996;16:605-611.
59. 2 receptor interaction in globus pallidus. Synapse. 1996;22:132-138.
60. Ferré S, O'Connor WT, Fuxe K, Ungerstedt U. The striatopallidal neuron: a main locus for adenosine-dopamine interactions in the brain. J Neurosci. 1993;13:5402-5406.