메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 9, Issue 4, 1999, Pages 1278-1287

Looking backwards: Assessing the projections of a transition matrix model

Author keywords

Arisaema; Bootstrapping; Conservation; Demography; Management; Transition matrix

Indexed keywords

CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT; MODEL TEST; POPULATION MODELING;

EID: 0032699404     PISSN: 10510761     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1890/1051-0761(1999)009[1278:LBATPO]2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (109)

References (72)
  • 1
    • 0028181583 scopus 로고
    • Density-dependence and patch dynamics in tropical rain forests: Matrix models and application to a tree species
    • Alvarez-Buylla, E. 1994. Density-dependence and patch dynamics in tropical rain forests: matrix models and application to a tree species. American Naturalist 143:155-191.
    • (1994) American Naturalist , vol.143 , pp. 155-191
    • Alvarez-Buylla, E.1
  • 3
    • 0011298874 scopus 로고
    • Use of projection matrix models in the assessment of harvesting strategies for Sargassum
    • Ang, Jr., P. O. 1987. Use of projection matrix models in the assessment of harvesting strategies for Sargassum. Hydrobiologia 151/152:335-339.
    • (1987) Hydrobiologia , vol.151-152 , pp. 335-339
    • Ang P.O., Jr.1
  • 4
    • 0028119368 scopus 로고
    • Application of transition matrix models to the recovery of the rare Hawaiian shrub, Tetralopium arenarium (Asteraceae)
    • Aplet, G. H., R. D. Laven, and R. B. Shaw. 1994. Application of transition matrix models to the recovery of the rare Hawaiian shrub, Tetralopium arenarium (Asteraceae). Natural Areas Journal 14(2):99-106.
    • (1994) Natural Areas Journal , vol.14 , Issue.2 , pp. 99-106
    • Aplet, G.H.1    Laven, R.D.2    Shaw, R.B.3
  • 5
    • 0028975873 scopus 로고
    • Predicting demographic change in response to herbivory: A model of the effects of grazing and annual variation on the population dynamics of Anthyllis vulneraria
    • Bastrenta, B., J.-D. Lebreton, and J. D. Thompson. 1995.Predicting demographic change in response to herbivory: a model of the effects of grazing and annual variation on the population dynamics of Anthyllis vulneraria. Journal of Ecology 83:603-611.
    • (1995) Journal of Ecology , vol.83 , pp. 603-611
    • Bastrenta, B.1    Lebreton, J.-D.2    Thompson, J.D.3
  • 6
    • 0031660098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Demography of a shade-tolerant tree (Fagus grandiflora) in a hurricane-disturbed forest
    • Batista, W. B., W. J. Platt, and R. E. Machiavelli. 1998. Demography of a shade-tolerant tree (Fagus grandiflora) in a hurricane-disturbed forest. Ecology 79:38-53.
    • (1998) Ecology , vol.79 , pp. 38-53
    • Batista, W.B.1    Platt, W.J.2    Machiavelli, R.E.3
  • 7
    • 0027331278 scopus 로고
    • Fumana procumbens on Oland - Population dynamics of a disjunct species at the northern limit of its range
    • Bengtsson, K. 1993. Fumana procumbens on Oland - population dynamics of a disjunct species at the northern limit of its range. Journal of Ecology 81:745-758.
    • (1993) Journal of Ecology , vol.81 , pp. 745-758
    • Bengtsson, K.1
  • 8
    • 0001301501 scopus 로고
    • The demography of jack-in-the-pulpit, a forest perennial that changes sex
    • Bierzychudek, P. 1982. The demography of jack-in-the-pulpit, a forest perennial that changes sex. Ecological Monographs 52:335-351.
    • (1982) Ecological Monographs , vol.52 , pp. 335-351
    • Bierzychudek, P.1
  • 9
  • 11
    • 0030613885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of demographic characteristics in a rare and common species of Eupatorium
    • Byers, D. L., and T. R. Meagher. 1997. A comparison of demographic characteristics in a rare and common species of Eupatorium. Ecological Applications 7:519-530.
    • (1997) Ecological Applications , vol.7 , pp. 519-530
    • Byers, D.L.1    Meagher, T.R.2
  • 12
    • 0026080245 scopus 로고
    • Simulation of fluctuating populations of Carex bigelowii tillers classified by type, age, and size
    • Carlsson, B. A., and T. V. Callaghan. 1991. Simulation of fluctuating populations of Carex bigelowii tillers classified by type, age, and size. Oikos 60(2):231-240.
    • (1991) Oikos , vol.60 , Issue.2 , pp. 231-240
    • Carlsson, B.A.1    Callaghan, T.V.2
  • 13
    • 0004022281 scopus 로고
    • Sinauer A0ssociates, Sunderland, Massachusetts, USA
    • Caswell, H. 1989. Matrix population models. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts, USA.
    • (1989) Matrix Population Models
    • Caswell, H.1
  • 14
    • 0002687634 scopus 로고
    • Transient behavior and life history analysis of teasel (Dipsacus sylvestris Huds.)
    • Caswell, H., and P. A. Werner. 1978. Transient behavior and life history analysis of teasel (Dipsacus sylvestris Huds.). Ecology 59:53-66.
    • (1978) Ecology , vol.59 , pp. 53-66
    • Caswell, H.1    Werner, P.A.2
  • 15
    • 0026270751 scopus 로고
    • The demography of northern populations of Panax quinquefolium (American ginseng)
    • Charron, D., and D. Gagnon. 1991. The demography of northern populations of Panax quinquefolium (American ginseng). Journal of Ecology 79:431-445.
    • (1991) Journal of Ecology , vol.79 , pp. 431-445
    • Charron, D.1    Gagnon, D.2
  • 16
    • 0008104253 scopus 로고
    • Ergodicity of age structure in populations with Markovian vital rates. III. Finite-state moments and growth rate: An illustration
    • Cohen, J. E. 1977. Ergodicity of age structure in populations with Markovian vital rates. III. Finite-state moments and growth rate: an illustration. Advances in Applied Probability 9:462-475.
    • (1977) Advances in Applied Probability , vol.9 , pp. 462-475
    • Cohen, J.E.1
  • 17
    • 0031857710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New insights on cheetah conservation through demographic modeling
    • Crooks, K. R., M. A. Sanjayan, and D. F. Doak. 1998. New insights on cheetah conservation through demographic modeling. Conservation Biology 12(4):889-895.
    • (1998) Conservation Biology , vol.12 , Issue.4 , pp. 889-895
    • Crooks, K.R.1    Sanjayan, M.A.2    Doak, D.F.3
  • 18
    • 0023467688 scopus 로고
    • A stage-based population model for loggerhead sea turtles and implications for conservation
    • Crouse, D. T., L. B. Crowder and H. Caswell. 1987. A stage-based population model for loggerhead sea turtles and implications for conservation. Ecology 68:1412-1423.
    • (1987) Ecology , vol.68 , pp. 1412-1423
    • Crouse, D.T.1    Crowder, L.B.2    Caswell, H.3
  • 19
    • 0023480930 scopus 로고
    • Density dependent simulation of the population dynamics of a perennial grassland species, Hypochaeris radicata
    • de Kroon, H., A. Plaisier, and J. van Groenendael. 1987. Density dependent simulation of the population dynamics of a perennial grassland species, Hypochaeris radicata. Oikos 50:3-12.
    • (1987) Oikos , vol.50 , pp. 3-12
    • De Kroon, H.1    Plaisier, A.2    Van Groenendael, J.3
  • 20
    • 0028176749 scopus 로고
    • Modeling population viability for the desert tortoise in the Western Mojave Desert
    • Doak, D., P. M. Kareiva, and B. Klepetka. 1994. Modeling population viability for the desert tortoise in the Western Mojave Desert. Ecological Applications 4:446-460.
    • (1994) Ecological Applications , vol.4 , pp. 446-460
    • Doak, D.1    Kareiva, P.M.2    Klepetka, B.3
  • 21
    • 84984143143 scopus 로고
    • Application of transition matrix models in forest dynamics: Araucaria in Papua New Guinea and Nothofagus in New Zealand
    • Enright, N. J., and J. Ogden. 1979. Application of transition matrix models in forest dynamics: Araucaria in Papua New Guinea and Nothofagus in New Zealand. Australian Journal of Ecology 4:3-23.
    • (1979) Australian Journal of Ecology , vol.4 , pp. 3-23
    • Enright, N.J.1    Ogden, J.2
  • 22
    • 0026273855 scopus 로고
    • A matrix population model analysis for the tropical tree, Araucaria cunninghamii
    • Enright, N. J., and A. D. Watson. 1991. A matrix population model analysis for the tropical tree. Araucaria cunninghamii. Australian Journal of Ecology 16(4):507-520.
    • (1991) Australian Journal of Ecology , vol.16 , Issue.4 , pp. 507-520
    • Enright, N.J.1    Watson, A.D.2
  • 23
    • 0027095159 scopus 로고
    • Population dynamics of the nikau palm, Rhopulostylis sapida (Wendl-et-Drude), in a temperate forest remnant near Auckland, New Zealand
    • Enright, N. J., and A. D. Watson. 1992. Population dynamics of the nikau palm. Rhopulostylis sapida (Wendl-et-Drude), in a temperate forest remnant near Auckland, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Botany 30(1):29-43.
    • (1992) New Zealand Journal of Botany , vol.30 , Issue.1 , pp. 29-43
    • Enright, N.J.1    Watson, A.D.2
  • 24
    • 0028161934 scopus 로고
    • Application of the stage-projection model with density-dependent fecundity to the population dynamics of the Spanish ibex
    • Escos, J., C. L. Alados, and J. M. Emlen. 1994. Application of the stage-projection model with density-dependent fecundity to the population dynamics of the Spanish ibex. Canadian Journal of Zoology 72(4):731-737.
    • (1994) Canadian Journal of Zoology , vol.72 , Issue.4 , pp. 731-737
    • Escos, J.1    Alados, C.L.2    Emlen, J.M.3
  • 25
    • 0003307007 scopus 로고
    • RAMAS/stage: Generalized stage-based modeling for population dynamics
    • Setauket, New York. USA
    • Ferson, S. 1990. RAMAS/stage: generalized stage-based modeling for population dynamics. Applied Biomathematics, Setauket, New York. USA.
    • (1990) Applied Biomathematics
    • Ferson, S.1
  • 26
    • 0023490963 scopus 로고
    • Life history and population dynamics of rare and common Mariposa lilies (Calochortus Pursh: Liliaceae)
    • Fiedler, P. L. 1987. Life history and population dynamics of rare and common Mariposa lilies (Calochortus Pursh: Liliaceae). Journal of Ecology 75:977-995.
    • (1987) Journal of Ecology , vol.75 , pp. 977-995
    • Fiedler, P.L.1
  • 27
    • 0027832936 scopus 로고
    • Density-dependent models of Cirsium vulgare populations using field-estimated parameter values
    • Gillman, M., J. M. Bullock, J. Silvertown, and B. Clear Hill. 1993. Density-dependent models of Cirsium vulgare populations using field-estimated parameter values. Oecologia 96(1):282-289.
    • (1993) Oecologia , vol.96 , Issue.1 , pp. 282-289
    • Gillman, M.1    Bullock, J.M.2    Silvertown, J.3    Clear Hill, B.4
  • 28
    • 0028179789 scopus 로고
    • Sex-biased harvesting and population dynamics in ungulates: Implications for conservation and sustainable use
    • Ginsberg, J. R., and E. J. Milner-Gulland. 1994. Sex-biased harvesting and population dynamics in ungulates: implications for conservation and sustainable use. Conservation Biology 8(1):157-166.
    • (1994) Conservation Biology , vol.8 , Issue.1 , pp. 157-166
    • Ginsberg, J.R.1    Milner-Gulland, E.J.2
  • 29
    • 0003120637 scopus 로고
    • Variation in behaviour of four populations of the orchid Cleistes divaricata: An assessment using transition matrix models
    • T. C. E. Wells and J. H. Willems, editors. SPB Academic, The Hague, The Netherlands
    • Gregg, K. B. 1991. Variation in behaviour of four populations of the orchid Cleistes divaricata: an assessment using transition matrix models. Pages 139-159 in T. C. E. Wells and J. H. Willems, editors. Population ecology of terrestrial orchids. SPB Academic, The Hague, The Netherlands.
    • (1991) Population Ecology of Terrestrial Orchids , pp. 139-159
    • Gregg, K.B.1
  • 30
    • 0002889396 scopus 로고
    • A matrix model of tree population dynamics
    • F. B. Golley and E. Medina, editors. Springer-Verlag, New York, New York, USA
    • Hartshorn, G. S. 1975. A matrix model of tree population dynamics. Pages 41-51 in F. B. Golley and E. Medina, editors. Tropical ecological systems. Springer-Verlag, New York, New York, USA.
    • (1975) Tropical Ecological Systems , pp. 41-51
    • Hartshorn, G.S.1
  • 31
    • 0030616871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosing a shorebird local population decline with a stage-structured population model
    • Hitchcock, C. L., and C. Gratto-Trevor. 1997. Diagnosing a shorebird local population decline with a stage-structured population model. Ecology 78:522-534.
    • (1997) Ecology , vol.78 , pp. 522-534
    • Hitchcock, C.L.1    Gratto-Trevor, C.2
  • 32
    • 0028974589 scopus 로고
    • Spatiotemporal variation in demographic transitions of a tropical understory herb: Projection matrix analysis
    • Horvitz, C. C., and D. W. Schemske. 1995. Spatiotemporal variation in demographic transitions of a tropical understory herb: projection matrix analysis. Ecological Monographs 65:155-192.
    • (1995) Ecological Monographs , vol.65 , pp. 155-192
    • Horvitz, C.C.1    Schemske, D.W.2
  • 33
    • 0023483886 scopus 로고
    • Stem dynamics of the shrub Alnus incana ssp. rugosa: Transition matrix models
    • Huenneke, L. F., and P. L. Marks. 1987. Stem dynamics of the shrub Alnus incana ssp. rugosa: transition matrix models. Ecology 68:1234-1242.
    • (1987) Ecology , vol.68 , pp. 1234-1242
    • Huenneke, L.F.1    Marks, P.L.2
  • 35
    • 0030617051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Demographic change and microhabitat variability in a grassland endemic, Silene douglasii var. oraria (Caryophyllaceae)
    • Kephart, S. R., and C. Paladino. 1997. Demographic change and microhabitat variability in a grassland endemic, Silene douglasii var. oraria (Caryophyllaceae). American Journal of Botany 82:179-189.
    • (1997) American Journal of Botany , vol.82 , pp. 179-189
    • Kephart, S.R.1    Paladino, C.2
  • 37
    • 0024183095 scopus 로고
    • Demographic models of the northern spotted owl (Strix occidentalis caurina)
    • Lande, R. 1988. Demographic models of the northern spotted owl (Strix occidentalis caurina). Oecologia 75:601-607.
    • (1988) Oecologia , vol.75 , pp. 601-607
    • Lande, R.1
  • 38
    • 0025682562 scopus 로고
    • Clonal propagation and population dynamics of a Gorgonian coral
    • Lasker, H. R. 1990. Clonal propagation and population dynamics of a Gorgonian coral. Ecology 71:1578-1589.
    • (1990) Ecology , vol.71 , pp. 1578-1589
    • Lasker, H.R.1
  • 39
    • 0025673272 scopus 로고
    • Transient dynamics of populations with age- and size-dependent vital rates
    • Law, R., and M. T. Edley. 1990. Transient dynamics of populations with age- and size-dependent vital rates. Ecology 71:1863-1870.
    • (1990) Ecology , vol.71 , pp. 1863-1870
    • Law, R.1    Edley, M.T.2
  • 40
    • 0002576084 scopus 로고
    • The study of population growth in organisms grouped by stages
    • Lefkovitch, L. P. 1965. The study of population growth in organisms grouped by stages. Biometrics 21:1-18.
    • (1965) Biometrics , vol.21 , pp. 1-18
    • Lefkovitch, L.P.1
  • 41
    • 0028978983 scopus 로고
    • Effects of reproductive mode on demography and life history in Arabis fecunda
    • Lesica, P., and J. S. Shelly. 1995. Effects of reproductive mode on demography and life history in Arabis fecunda. American Journal of Botany 82(6):752-762.
    • (1995) American Journal of Botany , vol.82 , Issue.6 , pp. 752-762
    • Lesica, P.1    Shelly, J.S.2
  • 42
    • 77956980711 scopus 로고
    • On the use of matrices in certain population mathematics
    • Leslie, P. H. 1945. On the use of matrices in certain population mathematics. Biometrika 33:183-212.
    • (1945) Biometrika , vol.33 , pp. 183-212
    • Leslie, P.H.1
  • 43
    • 0030791607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Demography and population viability of an endangered plant species before and after protection from trampling
    • Maschinski, J., R. Frye, and S. Rutman. 1997. Demography and population viability of an endangered plant species before and after protection from trampling. Conservation Biology 11(4):990-999.
    • (1997) Conservation Biology , vol.11 , Issue.4 , pp. 990-999
    • Maschinski, J.1    Frye, R.2    Rutman, S.3
  • 44
    • 0026266817 scopus 로고
    • A comparative demographic analysis of clonal reproduction in a temperate soft coral
    • McFadden, C. S. 1991. A comparative demographic analysis of clonal reproduction in a temperate soft coral. Ecology 72:1849-1866.
    • (1991) Ecology , vol.72 , pp. 1849-1866
    • McFadden, C.S.1
  • 45
    • 0001844411 scopus 로고
    • Population sampling and bootstrapping in complex designs: Demographic analysis
    • S. Scheiner and J. Gurevitch, editors. Chapman and Hall, New York, New York, USA
    • McPeek, M. A., and S. Kalisz. 1993. Population sampling and bootstrapping in complex designs: demographic analysis. Pages 232-252 in S. Scheiner and J. Gurevitch, editors. Design and analysis of ecological experiments. Chapman and Hall, New York, New York, USA.
    • (1993) Design and Analysis of Ecological Experiments , pp. 232-252
    • McPeek, M.A.1    Kalisz, S.2
  • 46
    • 0020461665 scopus 로고
    • The population biology of Chamaelirium luteum, a dioecious member of the lily family: Two-sex population projections and stable population structure
    • Meagher, T. R. 1982. The population biology of Chamaelirium luteum, a dioecious member of the lily family: two-sex population projections and stable population structure. Ecology 63:1701-1711.
    • (1982) Ecology , vol.63 , pp. 1701-1711
    • Meagher, T.R.1
  • 47
    • 0002272218 scopus 로고
    • Predicting the future of rare plant populations: Demographic monitoring and modeling
    • Menges, E. S. 1986. Predicting the future of rare plant populations: demographic monitoring and modeling. Natural Areas Journal 6(3): 13-25.
    • (1986) Natural Areas Journal , vol.6 , Issue.3 , pp. 13-25
    • Menges, E.S.1
  • 48
    • 0025227446 scopus 로고
    • Population viability analysis for an endangered plant
    • _. 1990. Population viability analysis for an endangered plant. Conservation Biology 4:52-62.
    • (1990) Conservation Biology , vol.4 , pp. 52-62
  • 49
    • 0028162984 scopus 로고
    • Use of a population model to assess the impact of longline fishing on wandering albatross Diomedea exulans populations
    • Moloney, C. I., J. Cooper, P. G. Ryan, and W. R. Siegfried. 1994. Use of a population model to assess the impact of longline fishing on wandering albatross Diomedea exulans populations. Biological Conservation 70(3):195-203.
    • (1994) Biological Conservation , vol.70 , Issue.3 , pp. 195-203
    • Moloney, C.I.1    Cooper, J.2    Ryan, P.G.3    Siegfried, W.R.4
  • 50
    • 0024225888 scopus 로고
    • Fine-scale spatial and temporal variation in the demography of a perennial bunchgrass
    • Moloney, K. A. 1988. Fine-scale spatial and temporal variation in the demography of a perennial bunchgrass. Ecology 69:1588-1598.
    • (1988) Ecology , vol.69 , pp. 1588-1598
    • Moloney, K.A.1
  • 51
    • 0027384830 scopus 로고
    • Ramet demography of Allium tricoccum, a spring ephemeral, perennial forest herb
    • Nault, A., and D. Gagnon. 1993. Ramet demography of Allium tricoccum, a spring ephemeral, perennial forest herb. Journal of Ecology 81:101-119.
    • (1993) Journal of Ecology , vol.81 , pp. 101-119
    • Nault, A.1    Gagnon, D.2
  • 52
    • 0027388708 scopus 로고
    • The influence of rainfall and grazing on the demography of some African savanna grasses: A matrix modeling approach
    • O'Connor, T. G. 1993. The influence of rainfall and grazing on the demography of some African savanna grasses: a matrix modeling approach. Journal of Applied Ecology 30(1):119-132.
    • (1993) Journal of Applied Ecology , vol.30 , Issue.1 , pp. 119-132
    • O'Connor, T.G.1
  • 53
    • 0028974926 scopus 로고
    • Sustainable harvesting of tropical trees: Demography and matrix models of two palm species in Mexico
    • Olmstead, I., and E. R. Alvarez-Buylla. 1995. Sustainable harvesting of tropical trees: demography and matrix models of two palm species in Mexico. Ecological Applications 5: 484-500.
    • (1995) Ecological Applications , vol.5 , pp. 484-500
    • Olmstead, I.1    Alvarez-Buylla, E.R.2
  • 54
    • 0029731079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temporal and spatial variation in the demography of Gentiana pneumonanthe, a rare perennial herb
    • Oostermeijer, J. G. B., M. L. Brugmann, E. R. DeBoer, and H. C. M. DenNijs. 1996. Temporal and spatial variation in the demography of Gentiana pneumonanthe, a rare perennial herb. Journal of Ecology 84:153-166.
    • (1996) Journal of Ecology , vol.84 , pp. 153-166
    • Oostermeijer, J.G.B.1    Brugmann, M.L.2    DeBoer, E.R.3    DenNijs, H.C.M.4
  • 55
    • 0014262766 scopus 로고
    • A computer model for simulating the growth of a population, or of two interacting populations
    • Pennycuick, C. J., R. M. Compton, and L. Beckingham. 1968. A computer model for simulating the growth of a population, or of two interacting populations. Journal of Theoretical Biology 18:316-329.
    • (1968) Journal of Theoretical Biology , vol.18 , pp. 316-329
    • Pennycuick, C.J.1    Compton, R.M.2    Beckingham, L.3
  • 56
    • 0027847172 scopus 로고
    • Impacts of stem harvesting on populations of Iriartea deltoidea (Palmae) in an extractive reserve in Acre, Brazil
    • Pinard, M. 1993. Impacts of stem harvesting on populations of Iriartea deltoidea (Palmae) in an extractive reserve in Acre, Brazil. Biotropica 25(1):2-14.
    • (1993) Biotropica , vol.25 , Issue.1 , pp. 2-14
    • Pinard, M.1
  • 57
    • 0021569736 scopus 로고
    • A population model of Astrocaryum mexicanum and a sensitivity analysis of its finite rate of increase
    • Pinero, D., M. Martinez-Ramos, and J. Sarukhan. 1984. A population model of Astrocaryum mexicanum and a sensitivity analysis of its finite rate of increase. Journal of Ecology 72:977-991.
    • (1984) Journal of Ecology , vol.72 , pp. 977-991
    • Pinero, D.1    Martinez-Ramos, M.2    Sarukhan, J.3
  • 58
    • 0028163046 scopus 로고
    • An age-structured demographic model for the endangered Stephens' kangaroo rat
    • Price, M. V., and P. A. Kelly. 1994. An age-structured demographic model for the endangered Stephens' kangaroo rat. Conservation Biology 8(3):810-821.
    • (1994) Conservation Biology , vol.8 , Issue.3 , pp. 810-821
    • Price, M.V.1    Kelly, P.A.2
  • 59
    • 0029667686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conservation and management of a threatened Madagascar palm species, Neodypsis decaryi, Joumelle
    • Ratsirarson, J., J. A. Silander, Jr., and A. F. Richard. 1996. Conservation and management of a threatened Madagascar palm species, Neodypsis decaryi, Joumelle. Conservation Biology 10(1):40-52.
    • (1996) Conservation Biology , vol.10 , Issue.1 , pp. 40-52
    • Ratsirarson, J.1    Silander J.A., Jr.2    Richard, A.F.3
  • 61
    • 0031857842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating biological control agent impact with matrix models: Carduus nutans in New Zealand
    • Shea, K., and D. Kelly. Estimating biological control agent impact with matrix models: Carduus nutans in New Zealand. Ecological Applications 8:824-832.
    • Ecological Applications , vol.8 , pp. 824-832
    • Shea, K.1    Kelly, D.2
  • 62
    • 0026278217 scopus 로고
    • Population responses to fire in a tropical savanna grass, Andropogon semiberbis: A matrix model approach
    • Silva, J. F., J. Raventos, H. Caswell, and M. C. Trevisan. 1991. Population responses to fire in a tropical savanna grass, Andropogon semiberbis: a matrix model approach. Journal of Ecology 79:345-356.
    • (1991) Journal of Ecology , vol.79 , pp. 345-356
    • Silva, J.F.1    Raventos, J.2    Caswell, H.3    Trevisan, M.C.4
  • 63
    • 0026301351 scopus 로고
    • Population biology and conservation of Hector's dolphin
    • Slooten, E., and F. Lad. 1991. Population biology and conservation of Hector's dolphin. Canadian Journal of Zoology 69:1701-1707.
    • (1991) Canadian Journal of Zoology , vol.69 , pp. 1701-1707
    • Slooten, E.1    Lad, F.2
  • 64
    • 0028177715 scopus 로고
    • Using Leslie matrices to determine wild rabbit population growth and the potential for control
    • Smith, G. C., and R. C. Trout. 1994. Using Leslie matrices to determine wild rabbit population growth and the potential for control. Journal of Applied Ecology 31:223-230.
    • (1994) Journal of Applied Ecology , vol.31 , pp. 223-230
    • Smith, G.C.1    Trout, R.C.2
  • 65
    • 0024255336 scopus 로고
    • A density-dependent growth model of a perennial herb, Viola fimbriatula
    • Solbrig, O. T., R. Sarandon, and W. Bossert. 1988. A density-dependent growth model of a perennial herb, Viola fimbriatula. American Naturalist 131(3):385-400.
    • (1988) American Naturalist , vol.131 , Issue.3 , pp. 385-400
    • Solbrig, O.T.1    Sarandon, R.2    Bossert, W.3
  • 68
    • 0030859118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Within-population variation in demography of Taraxacum officinale: Season- and size-dependent survival, growth, and reproduction
    • Vavrek, M. C., J. B. McGraw, and H. S. Yang. 1997. Within-population variation in demography of Taraxacum officinale: season- and size-dependent survival, growth, and reproduction. Journal of Ecology 85:277-287.
    • (1997) Journal of Ecology , vol.85 , pp. 277-287
    • Vavrek, M.C.1    McGraw, J.B.2    Yang, H.S.3
  • 69
    • 0344355980 scopus 로고
    • Predicting population trends in Ophrys sphegodes Mill
    • H. W. Pritchard, editor. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK
    • Waite, S. 1989. Predicting population trends in Ophrys sphegodes Mill. Pages 117-126 in H. W. Pritchard, editor. Modern methods in orchid conservation. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
    • (1989) Modern Methods in Orchid Conservation , pp. 117-126
    • Waite, S.1
  • 70
    • 0002937204 scopus 로고
    • The effects of different management regimes on the population dynamics of Ophrys sphegodes: Analysis and description using matrix models
    • T. C. E. Wells and J. H. Willems, editors. SPB Academic, The Hague, The Netherlands
    • Waite, S., and M. J. Hutchings. 1991. The effects of different management regimes on the population dynamics of Ophrys sphegodes: analysis and description using matrix models. Pages 161-175 in T. C. E. Wells and J. H. Willems, editors. Population ecology of terrestrial orchids. SPB Academic, The Hague, The Netherlands.
    • (1991) Population Ecology of Terrestrial Orchids , pp. 161-175
    • Waite, S.1    Hutchings, M.J.2
  • 71
    • 84979603418 scopus 로고
    • Population growth rates and age- vs. stage-distribution models for teasel (Dipsacus sylvestris Huds.)
    • Werner, P. A., and H. Caswell. 1977. Population growth rates and age- vs. stage-distribution models for teasel (Dipsacus sylvestris Huds.). Ecology 58:1103-1111.
    • (1977) Ecology , vol.58 , pp. 1103-1111
    • Werner, P.A.1    Caswell, H.2
  • 72
    • 0028992880 scopus 로고
    • Sustainability of Beilschmiedia tawa-dominated forest in New Zealand - Population predictions based on transition matrix model analysis
    • West, C. J. 1995. Sustainability of Beilschmiedia tawa-dominated forest in New Zealand - population predictions based on transition matrix model analysis. Australian Journal of Botany 43(1):51-71.
    • (1995) Australian Journal of Botany , vol.43 , Issue.1 , pp. 51-71
    • West, C.J.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.