A method to correct for scatter, spillover, and partial volume effects in region of interest analysis in PET

IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging

Volumn 17, Issue 2, 1998, Pages 202-213

  Muzic Jr , Raymond F ^a   Chen, Chi Hsien ^b   Dennis Nelson, A ^c  

^a CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b MetroHealth Medical Center   (United States)

^c CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Partial volume correction; Positron emission tomography; Scatter correction; Spillover correction

Indexed keywords

COMPUTER SIMULATION; ERROR CORRECTION; LEAST SQUARES APPROXIMATIONS; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY;

PARTIAL VOLUME CORRECTION; SCATTER CORRECTION; SINOGRAM DATA; SPILLOVER CORRECTION;

MEDICAL IMAGING;

BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; CARBAZOLE DERIVATIVE; DIAGNOSTIC AGENT; FLUORINE; FLUOROCARAZOLOL; PROPANOLAMINE DERIVATIVE; RADIOPHARMACEUTICAL AGENT;

ALGORITHM; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ANIMAL; ARTICLE; ARTIFACT; BIOLOGICAL MODEL; COMPUTER ASSISTED EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; COMPUTER SIMULATION; EVALUATION; HEART; IMAGE ENHANCEMENT; IMAGE PROCESSING; IMAGE QUALITY; LUNG; METHODOLOGY; NORMAL DISTRIBUTION; RADIATION SCATTERING; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; REPRODUCIBILITY; SCINTISCANNING; SWINE;

ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS; ALGORITHMS; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ANIMALS; ARTIFACTS; CARBAZOLES; COMPUTER SIMULATION; EVALUATION STUDIES; FLUORINE RADIOISOTOPES; HEART; IMAGE ENHANCEMENT; IMAGE PROCESSING, COMPUTER-ASSISTED; LEAST-SQUARES ANALYSIS; LUNG; MODELS, CARDIOVASCULAR; NORMAL DISTRIBUTION; PHANTOMS, IMAGING; PROPANOLAMINES; RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; SCATTERING, RADIATION; SWINE; TOMOGRAPHY, EMISSION-COMPUTED;

EID: 0032034219     PISSN: 02780062     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/42.700732     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. P. Herrero, J. Markham, and S. R. Bergmann. "Quantitation of myocardial blood flow with H215O and positron emission tomography: Assessment and error analysis of a mathematical approach," J. Comput. Assist. Tomogr., vol. 13, no. 5, pp. 862-873, 1989.
2. R. M. Kessler, J. R. Ellis, and M. Eden. "Analysis of emission tomographic scan data: Limitations imposed by resolution and background," J. Comput. Assist. Tomogr., vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 514-522, 1984.
3. M. S. Berridge, E. H. Cassidy, A. H. Terris, and J.-M. Vesselle, "Preparation and in vivo binding of [11C]carazolol, a radiotracer for the beta-adrenergic receptor," Nucl. Med. Biot., vol. 19, no. 5, pp. 563-569, 1992.
4. M. S. Berridge, A. D. Nelson, L. Zeng, G. P. Leisure, and F Miraldi, "Specific /J-adrenergic receptor binding of carazolol measured with PET," J. Nucl. Med., vol. 35, no. 10, pp. 1665-1676, 1994.
5. M. S. Berridge, R. F. Muzic, Jr., K. L. Kruithoff, A. D. Nelson, and F. Miraldi, "Beta-adrenergic receptor assessment with PET and [C-11]-SCarazolol," J. Nucl. Med., vol. 36, no. 5, p. 142P, 1995.
6. L. Zheng, M. S. Berridge, and P. Ernsberger. "Synthesis, binding properties, and 18F labeling of fluorocarazolol, a high-affinity /J-adrenergic receptor antagonist," J. Med. Chem., vol. 27, no. 20, pp. 3219-3230, 1994.
7. R. F. Muzic, Jr., M. S. Berridge, A. D. Nelson, N. Zhu, and F. Miraldi, "Preliminary attempts at using compartmental models to analyze the pharmacokinetics of [C-l l]carazolol, a beta adrenergic ligand," J. Nucl. Med., vol. 36, no. 5, p. 186P, 1995.
8. R. F. Muzic, Jr., N. Zhu, M. S. Berridge, L. Zheng, A. D. Nelson, and F. Miraldi, "PET measurement of beta-adrenergic receptor concentration using [F-18]fluorocarazolol, a beta adrenergic receptor ligand," J. Nucl. Med., vol. 37, no. 5, p. 174P, 1996.
9. R. F. Muzic, Jr., A. D. Nelson, G. M. Saidel, and F. Miraldi, "Optimal experiment design for PET quantification of receptor concentration," IEEE Trans. Med. Imag., vol. 15, pp. 2-12, Feb. 1996.
10. H. Valette, P. Deleuze, A. Syrota, J. Delforge, C. Crouzel, C. Fuseau, and D. Loisance, "Canine myocardial beta-adrenergic, muscarinic receptor densities after dennervation: A PET study," J. Nucl. Med., vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 140-146, 1995.
11. E. Henze, S.-C. Huang, O. Ratib, E. Huffman, M. E. Phelps, and H. R. Schelbert, "Measurements of regional tissue and blood-pool radiotracer concentrations from serial tomographic images of the heart," J. Nucl. Med., vol. 24, no. 11, pp. 987-996, 1983.
12. P. Herrero, J. Markham, D. W. Myears, C. J. Weinheimer, and S. R. Bergman. "Measurement of myocardial blood flow with positron emission tomography: Correction for count spillover and partial volume effects," Math. Comput. Mod., vol. 11, pp. 807-812, 1988.
13. H. W. Mueller-Gartner, J. M. Links, J. L. Prince, R. N. Bryan, E. McVeigh, J. P. Leal, C. Davatzikos, and J. J. Frost, "Measurement of radiotracer concentration in brain gray matter using PET: MRI-based correction for partial volume effects," J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab., vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 571-581, 1992.
14. O. G. Rousset, Y. Ma, S. Marenco, D. F. Wong, and A. C. Evans, "/ vivo correction method for partial volume effects in positron emission tomography, accuracy and precision," mQuantification of Brain Function using PET, R. Meyers, V. Cunningham, D. Bailey, and T. Jones, Eds. New York: Academic, 1996, pp. 158-165.
15. O. G. Rousset, Y. Ma, G. C. Léger, A. H. Gjedde, and A. C. Evans, "Correction for partial volume effects in PET using MRI-based 3-D simulations of individual human brain metabolism," in Quantification of Brain Function: Tracer Kinetics and Image Analysis in Brain PET, K. Uemura, N. A. Lassen, T. Jones, and I. Kanno, Eds. New York: Elsevier, 1993, pp. 113-123.
16. S. R. Bergmann, P. Herrero, J. Markham, C. J. Weinheimer, and N. M. Walsh, "Noninvasive quantitation of myocardial blood flow in human subjects with oxygen-15-labeled water and positron emission tomography," J. Amer. Coll. Card., vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 639-652, 1989.
17. D. Feng, X. Li, and S.-C. Huang. "A new double modeling approach for dynamic cardiac PET studies using noise and spillover contaminated LV measurements," IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng., vol. 43, pp. 319-327, Mar. 1996.
18. S. S. Gambhir, "Quantitation of the physical factors affecting the tracer kinetic modeling of cardiac positron emission tomography data," Ph.D. dissertation, Univ. of California, Los Angeles, 1990.
19. G. D. Hutchins, J. M. Garaher, and R. R. Raylman, "A region of interest strategy for minimizing resolution distortions in quantitative myocardial PET studies," J. Nucl. Med., vol. 33, no. 6, pp. 1243-1250, 1992.
20. P. Herscovitch, J. Markham, and M. E. Raichle, "Brain blood flow measured with intravenous H215O. I. Theory and error analysis," J. Nucl. Med., vol. 24, no. 9, pp. 782-789, 1983.
21. M. E. Raichle, W. R. Martin, P. Herscovitch, M. A. Mintun, and J. Markham, "Brain blood flow measured with intravenous H215O. II. Implementation and validation," J. Nucl. Med., vol. 24, no. 9, pp. 790-798, 1983.
22. R. E. Carson, "A maximum likelihood method for region-of-interest evaluation in emission tomography," J Comput. Assist. Tomogr., vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 654-663, 1986.
23. R. E. Carson, Y. Yan, B. A. Chodkowski, T. K. Yap, and M. E. Daube-Witherspoon, "Precision and accuracy of regional radioactivity quantification using the maximum likelihood EM reconstruction algorithm," IEEE Trans. Med. Imag., vol 13, pp. 526-537, June 1994.
24. R. H. Huesman, "A new fast algorithm for the evaluation of regions of interest and statistical uncertainty in computed tomography," Phys. Med. Biol, vol. 29, no. 5, pp. 543-552, 1984.
25. Y. Bard, Nonlinear Parameter Estimation. New York: Academic, 1974.
26. R. E. Carson, Y. Yan, M. E. Daube-Witherspoon, N. Freedman, S. L. Bacharach, and P. Herscovitch, "An approximate formula for the variance of PET region-of-interest values," IEEE Trans. Med. Imag., vol. 12, pp. 240-250, Apr. 1993.
27. R. Maitra and F. O'Sullivan, "Estimating the variability of reconstructed PET data: A technique based on approximating the reconstruction filter by a sum of Gaussian kernels," in Conf. Rec. IEEE Nucl. Sci. Symp. Med. Imag. Conf., vol. 3, 1995, pp. 1411-1414.
28. T. R. DeGrado, T. G. Turkington, J. J. Williams, C. W. Stearns, J. M. Huffman, and R. E. Coleman, "Performance characteristics of a whole-body PET scanner," J. Nucl. Med., vol. 35, no. 8, pp. 1398-1406, 1994.
29. W. Wienhard, L. Eriksson, S. Grootoonk, M. Casey, U. Pietrzyk, and W.-D. Heiss, "Performance evaluation of the positron scanner ECAT EXACT," J. Comput. Assist. Tomogr., vol. 16, no. 5, pp. 804-813, 1992.
30. N. M. T. Freedman, S. L. Bacharach, R. E. Carson, J. C. Price, and V. Dilsizian, "Effect of smoothing during transmission processing on quantitative cardiac PET scans," J. Nucl. Med., vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 690-694, 1996.
31. A. Chatziioannou and M. Dahlbom, "Detailed investigation of transmission and emission data smoothing and their effects on emission images," IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., vol. 43, pp. 290-294, Feb. 1996.
32. N. M. Alpert, D. A. Chesler, J. A. Correia, R. H. Ackerman, J. Y. Chang, S. Finklestein, S. M. Davis, G. L. Brownell, and J. M. Taveras, "Estimation of the local statistical noise in emission computed tomography," IEEE Trans. Med. Imag., vol. MI-1, pp. 142-146, Apr. 1982.
33. A. D. Nelson, F. Miraldi, R. F. Muzic, Jr., G. P. Leisure, and W. E. Semple, "Noninvasive arterial monitor for quantitative oxygen-15-water blood flow studies," J. Nucl. Med.. vol. 34, no. 6, pp. 1000-1006, 1993.
34. A. D. Nelson, R. F. Muzic, Jr., F. Miraldi, G. J. Muswick, G. P. Leisure, and W. Voelker, "Continuous arterial positron monitor for quantitation in PET imaging," Amer. J. Physiol. Imag.. vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 84-88, 1990.
35. R. W. Schafer, R. M. Mersereau, and M. A. Richards, "Constrained iterative restoration algorithms," Proc. IEEE. vol. 69, pp. 432-450, Apr. 1981.
36. A. Rosenfeld and A. C. Kak, Digital Picture Processing. 2nd ed. Orlando, FL: Academic, 1982, ch. 8.
37. J. Nuyts, A. Maes, M. Vrolix, C. Schiepers, H. Scheiben, W. Kuhle, G. Bormans, G. Poppe, D. Buxton, P. Suetens, H. De Geest and L. Mortelmans, "Three-dimensional correction for spillover and recovery of myocardial PET images," J. Nucl. Med., vol 37, no. 5, pp. 222-232, 1992.
38. S. R. Deans, The Radon Transform and Some of Its Applications. New York: Wiley, 1983.
39. J. H. Ahrens and K. D. Kohrt, "Algorithm 599: Sampling from gamma and Poisson distribution," ACM Trans. Math. Softw.. vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 255-257, 1983. (FORTRAN functions available at http://www.netlib.org/toms/599.)
40. G. Casella and R. L. Berger, Statistical Inference. Belmont, CA: Duxbury, pp. 182-183.
41. H. Gadagkar, "Image reconstruction procedure: Details of the algorithm," The ECAT Post. vol. 3, no. 2, 1994.
42. C.-H. Chen, R. F. Muzic, Jr., A. D. Nelson, and L. P. Adler, "Bias in PET quantitation due to camera calibration procedures," J. Nucl. Med., vol. 38, no. 8, pp. 1334-1335, 1997.
43. J. L. Dévore, Probability and Statistics for Engineers. Monterey, CA: Brooks/Cole, 1982.
44. c.-H. Chen, R. F. Muzic, Jr., A. D. Nelson, and L. P. Adler, "A nonlinear spatially variant object-dependent system model for prediction and correction of partial volume effect in PET," this issue, pp. 214-227.
45. M. Bergstrom, L. Eriksson, C Bohm, G. Blomqvist, and J. Litton, "Correction for scattered radiation in a ring detector positron camera by integral transformations of the projections," J. Comput. Assist. Totnogr., vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 42-50, 1983.
46. J. R. Votaw, "Signal-to-noise ratio in neuro activation PET studies," IEEE Trans. Med. Imag., vol. 15, pp. 197-205, Apr. 1996.
47. N. M. Alpert, W. C. Barker, A. Gelman, S. Weise, M. Senda, and J. A. Correia, "The precision of positron emission tomography: Theory and measurement," J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab., vol. 11, pp. A26-A30, 1991.
48. G. J. Klein, X. Teng, W. J. Jagust, J. L. Eberling, A. Acharya, B. W. Reutter, and R. H. Huesman. "A methodology for specifying PET VOI's using multimodality techniques," IEEE Trans. Med. Imag., vol. 16, 405-45, Aug. 1997.