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As a result phonons are required for radiative recombination and the oscillator strength is lowered dramatically resulting in PL-lifetimes of many μs at 300 K, compared to ns decay times in the direct gap nanocrystallites. However, the quantum yield in both materials is of the order of a few percent because of efficient quenching of radiationless transitions [1, 6, 7].
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in press
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To cover the spectral range from 1 to 4 eV, the reflection has to be measured by different techniques: The refractive index related reflection, determined from Fabry-Pérot interference fringes in transmission, is spectrally combined with the near UV experimental data. It is then convoluted with the transmission of Fig. 1 into the absorption coefficient. We take into account thin film interferences and correct for porosity for direct comparison with bulk c-Si (von Behren, J., Zacharias, M., Chimowitz, E.H. and Fauchet, P.M., Electrochem. Soc. Symp. Proc., 1997, in press).
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When the crystallite size decreases from 43 Å to 24 Å, the PL intensity increases by more than 3 orders of magnitude [15] to reach an external quantum efficiency of 8.1% at room temperature.
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