Adipose tissue ob mRNA expression in humans: Discordance with plasma leptin and relationship with adipose TNFα expression

Journal of Lipid Research

Volumn 39, Issue 4, 1998, Pages 724-730

  Ranganathan, Subramanian ^a   Maffei, Margherita ^b   Kern, Philip A ^a  

^a CENTRAL ARKANSAS VETERANS HEALTHCARE SYSTEM   (United States)

^b ROCKEFELLER UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Adipose tissue; Leptin; Obese gene; Obesity; Tumor necrosis factor

Indexed keywords

LEPTIN; MESSENGER RNA; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA;

ADIPOSE TISSUE; APPETITE; ARTICLE; BODY FAT; BODY WEIGHT; CONTROLLED STUDY; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; HOST RESISTANCE; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; INSULIN RESISTANCE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; OBESITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN BLOOD LEVEL; TRANSCRIPTION REGULATION;

ADIPOSE TISSUE; BLOOD PROTEINS; BODY MASS INDEX; HUMANS; LEPTIN; OBESITY; PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS; PROTEINS; RNA, MESSENGER; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA;

EID: 0031980257     PISSN: 00222275     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Zhang, Y., R. Proenca, M. Maffei, M. Barone, L. Leopold, and J. M. Friedman. 1994. Positional cloning of the mouse obese gene and its human homologue. Nature. 372: 425-432.
2. Senaris, R., T. Garciacaballero, X. Casabiell, R. Gallego, R. Castro, R. V. Considine, C. Dieguez, and F. F. Casanueva. 1997. Synthesis of leptin in human placenta. Endocrinology. 138: 4501-4504.
3. Masuzaki, H., Y. Ogawa, N. Sagawa, K. Hosoda, T. Matsumoto, H. Mise, H. Nishimura, Y. Yoshimasa, I. Tanaka, T. Mori, and K. Nakao. 1997. Nonadipose tissue production of leptin. Leptin as a novel placenta-derived hormone in humans. Nature Med. 3: 1029-1033.
4. Hoggard, N., L. Hunter, J. S. Duncan, L. M. Williams, F. Trayhurn, and J. G. Mercer. 1997. Leptin and leptin receptor mRNA and protein expression in the murine fetus and placenta. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 94: 11073-11078.
5. Halaas, J. L., K. S. Gajiwala, M. Maffei, S. L. Cohen, B. T. Chait, D. Rabinowitz, R. L. Lallone, S. K. Burley, and J. M. Friedman. 1995. Weight-reducing effects of the plasma protein encoded by the obese gene. Science. 269: 543-546.
6. Campfield, L. A., F. J. Smith, Y. Guisez, R. Devos, and P. Burn. 1995. Recombinant mouse OB protein: evidence for a peripheral signal linking adiposity and central neural networks. Science. 269: 546-549.
7. Pelleymounter, M. A., M. J. Cullen, M. B. Baker, R. Hecht, D. Winters, T. Boone, and F. Collins. 1995. Effects of the obese gene product on body weight regulation in ob/ob mice. Science. 269: 540-543.
8. Tartaglia, L. A., M. Dembski, X. Weng, N. H. Deng, J. Culpepper, R. Devos, G. J. Richards, L. A. Campfield, F. T. Clark, J. Deeds, C. Muir, S. Sanker, A. Moriarity, K. J. Moore, J. S. Smutko, G. G. Mays, E. A. Woolf, C. A. Monroe, and R. I. Tepper. 1995. Identification and expression cloning of a leptin receptor, Ob-R. Cell. 83: 1263-1271.
9. Lee, G. H., R. Proenca, J. M. Montez, K. M. Carroll, J. G. Darvishzadeh, J. I. Lee, and J. M. Friedman. 1996. Abnormal splicing of the leptin receptor in diabetic mice. Nature. 379: 632-635.
10. Maffei, M., J. Halaas, E. Ravussin, R. E. Pratley, G. H. Lee, Y. Zhang, H. Fei, S. Kim, R. Lallone, S. Ranganathan, P. A. Kern, and J. M. Friedman. 1995. Leptin levels in human and rodent: measurement of plasma leptin and ob RNA in obese and weight-reduced subjects. Nature Med. 1: 1155-1161.
11. Hardie, L. J., D. V. Rayner, S. Holmes, and P. Trayhurn. 1996. Circulating leptin levels are modulated by fasting, cold exposure and insulin administration in lean but not IE Zucker (fa/fa) rats as measured by ELISA. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 223: 660-665.
12. Igel, M., H. Kainulainen, A. Brauers, W. Becker, L. Herberg, and H. G. Joost. 1996. Long-term and rapid regulation of Ob mRNA levels in adipose tissue from normal (Sprague Dawley rats) and obese (db/db mice, fa/fa rats) rodents. Diabetologia. 39: 758-765.
13. Sivitz, W. I., H. L. Bailey, and P. Donohoue. 1996. Rat adipose ob mRNA levels in states of altered circulating glucose and insulin. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 220: 520-525.
14. Frederich, R. C., B. Loellmann, A. Hamann, A. Napolitano-Rosen, B. B. Kahn, B. B. Lowell, and J. S. Flier. 1995. Expression of ob mRNA and its encoded protein in rodents: impact of nutrition and obesity. J. Clin. Invest. 96: 1658-1663.
15. Ogawa, Y., H. Masuzaki, N. Isse, T. Okazaki, K. Mori, M. Shigemoto, N. Satoh, N. Tamura, K. Hosoda, Y. Yoshimasa, H. Jingami, T. Kawada, and K. Nakao. 1995. Molecular cloning of rat obese cDNA and augmented gene expression in genetically obese Zucker fatty (fa/fa) rats. J. Clin. Invest. 96: 1647-1652.
16. Considine, R. V., M. K. Sinha, M. L. Heiman, A. Kriaucinnas, T. W. Stephens, M. R. Nyce, J. P. Ohannesian, C. C. Marco, L. J. Mckee, T. L. Bauer, and J. F. Caro, 1996. Serum immimoreactive leptin concentrations in normal-weight and obese humans. N. Engl. J. Med. 334: 292-295.
17. Dagogojack, S., C. Fanelli, D. Paramore, J. Brothers, and M. Landt. 1996. Plasma leptin and insulin relationships in obese and nonobese humans. Diabetes. 45: 695-698.
18. Haffner, S. M., R. L. Gingerich, H. Miettinen, and M. P. Stern. 1996. Leptin concentrations in relation to overall adiposity and regional body fat distribution in Mexican Americans. Int. J. Obes. 20: 904-908.
19. Ashley, C. T., Jr., K. D. Wilkinson, D. Reines, and S. T. Warren. 1996. FMR1 protein: conserved RNP family domains and selective RNA binding. Science. 262: 563-566.
20. Ostlund, R. E., J. W. Yang, S. Klein, and R. Gingerich. 1996. Relation between plasma leptin concentration and body fat, gender, diet, age, and metabolic covariates. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 81: 3909-3913.
21. Vidal, H., D. Auboeuf, P. De Vos, B. Staels, J. P. Riou, J. Auwerx, and M. Laville. 1996. The expression of ob gene is not acutely regulated by insulin and fasting in human abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue. J. Clin. Invest. 98: 251-255.
22. Kern, P. A., M. Saghizadeh, J. M. Ong, R. J. Bosch, R. Deem, and R. B. Simsolo. 1995. The expression of tumor necrosis factor in human adipose tissue. Regulation by obesity, weight loss, and relationship to lipoprotein lipase. J. Clin. Invest. 95: 2111-2119.
23. Hotamisligil, G. S., N. S. Shargill, and B. M. Spiegelman. 1993. Adipose expression of tumor necrosis factor-a: direct role in obesity-linked insulin resistance. Science. 259: 87-91.
24. Hotamisligil, G. S., P. Arner, J. F. Caro, R. L. Atkinson, and B. M. Spiegelman. 1995. Increased adipose tissue expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in human obesity and insulin resistance. J. Clin. Invest. 95: 2409-2415.
25. Hotamisligil, G. S. and B. M. Spiegelman. 1994. Tumor necrosis factor a: a key component of the obesity-diabetes link. [Review]. Diabetes. 43: 1271-1278.
26. Segal, K. R., B. Gutin, E. Presta, J. Wang, and T. B. Van Itallie. 1985. Estimation of human body composition by electrical impedance methods: a comparative study. J. Appl. Physiol. 58: 1565-1571.
27. Ong, J. M., and P. A. Kern. 1989. Effect of feeding and obesity on lipoprotein lipase activity, immunoreactive protein, and messenger RNA levels in human adipose tissue. J. Clin. Invest. 84: 305-311.
28. Simsolo, R. B., J. M. Ong, and P. A. Kern. 1993. The regulation of adipose tissue and muscle lipoprotein lipase in runners by detraining. J. Clin. Invest. 92: 2124-2130.
29. Chomczynski, P., and N. Sacchi. 1987. Single-step method of RNA isolation by acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction. Anal. Biochem. 162: 156-159.
30. Saffari, B., J. M. Ong, and P. A. Kern. 1992. Regulation of adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase gene expression by thyroid hormone in rats. J. Lipid Res. 33: 241-249.
31. Andus, T., S. R. Targan, R. Deem, and H. Toyoda. 1993. Measurement of tumor necrosis factor alpha mRNA in small numbers of cells by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Reg. Immunol. 5: 11-17.
32. Considine, R. V., E. L. Considine, C. J. Williams, M. R. Nyce, S. A. Magosin, T. L. Bauer, E. L. Rosato, J. Colberg, and J. F. Caro. 1995. Evidence against either a premature stop codon or the absence of obese gene mRNA in human obesity [see comments]. J. Clin. Invest. 95: 2986-2988.
33. Kohrt, W. M., M. Landt, and S. J. Birge. 1996. Serum leptin levels are reduced in response to exercise training, but not hormone replacement therapy, in older women. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 81: 3980-3985.
34. Hickey, M. S., R. V. Considine, R. G. Israel, T. L. Mahar, M. R. McCammon, G. L. Tyndall, J. A. Houmard, and J. F. Caro. 1996. Leptin is related to body fat content in male distance runners. Am. J. Physiol. 34: E938-E940.
35. Grinspoon, S., T. Gulick, H. Askari, M. Landt, K. Lee, E. Anderson, Z. M. Ma, L. Vignati, R. Bowsher, D. Herzog, and A. Klibanski. 1996. Serum leptin levels in women with anorexia nervosa. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 81: 3861-3863.
36. Hamilton, B. S., D. Paglia, A. Y. M. Kwan, and M. Deitel. 1995. Increased obese mRNA expression in omental fat cells from massively obese humans. Nature Med. 1: 953-956.
37. Wabitsch, M., P. B. Jensen, W. F. Blum, C. T. Christoffersen, P. Englaro, E. Heinze, W. Rascher, W. Teller, H. Tornqvist, and H. Hauner. 1996. Insulin and cortisol promote leptin production in cultured human fat cells. Diabetes. 45: 1435-1438.
38. Abate, N., A. Garg, R. M. Peshock, J. Stray-Gundersen, B. Adams-Huet, and S. M. Grundy. 1996. Relationship of generalized and regional adiposity to insulin sensitivity in men with NIDDM. Diabetes. 45: 1684-1693.
39. Ross, R., K. D. Shaw, Y. Martel, J. De Guise, and L. Avruch. 1993. Adipose tissue distribution measured by magnetic resonance imaging in obese women. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 57: 470-475.
40. Sohlström, A., L-O. Wahlund, and E. Forsum. 1993. Adipose tissue distribution as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging and total body fat by magnetic resonance imaging, underwater weighing, and body-water dilution in healthy women. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 58: 830-838.
41. Kirchgessner, T. G., K. T. Uysal, S. M. Wiesbrock, M. Marino, and G. S. Hotamisligil. 1997. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha contributes to obesity-related hyperleptinemia by regulating leptin release from adipocytes. J. Clin. Invest. In press.
42. Klein, S., S. W. Coppack, V. Mohamedali, and M. Landt. 1996. Adipose tissue leptin production and plasma leptin kinetics in humans. Diabetes. 45: 984-987.
43. Cumin, F., H. P. Baum, and N. Levens. 1996. Leptin is cleared from the circulation primarily by the kidney. Int. J. Obes. 20: 1120-1126.
44. Sinha, M. K., I. Opentanova, J. P. Ohannesian, J. W. Kolaczynski, M. L. Heiman, J. Hale, G. W. Becker, R. R. Bowsher, T. W. Stephens, and J. F. Caro. 1986. Evidence of free and bound leptin in human circulation - studies in lean and obese subjects during short-term fasting. J. Clin. Invest. 98: 1277-1282.
45. Grunfeld, C., C. Zhao, J. Fuller, A. Pollock, A. Moser, J. Friedman, and K. R. Feingold. 1996. Endotoxin and cytokines induce expression of leptin, the ob gene product, in hamsters. A role for leptin in the anorexia of infection. J. Clin. Invest. 97: 2152-2157.
46. Sarraf, P., R. C. Frederich, E. M. Turner, G. Ma, N. T. Jaskowiak, D. J. Rivet, J. S. Flier, B. B. Lowell, D. L. Fraker, and H. R. Alexander. 1997. Multiple cytokines and acute inflammation raise mouse leptin levels - potential role of inflammatory anorexia. J. Exp. Med. 185: 171-175.