Acute pancreatitis: The substantial human and financial costs

Gut

Volumn 42, Issue 6, 1998, Pages 886-891

  Neoptolemos, J P ^a   Raraty, M ^a   Finch, M ^a   Sutton, R ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LIVERPOOL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

LEXIPAFANT;

ACUTE PANCREATITIS; COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS; DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING; EARLY DIAGNOSIS; HEALTH CARE COST; HOSPITAL COST; HUMAN; INTENSIVE CARE; MULTIPLE ORGAN FAILURE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW;

EID: 0031862268     PISSN: 00175749     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/gut.42.6.886     Document Type: Review

References (83)

1. Forsmark CE, Toskes PP. Acute pancreatitis - medical management. Crit Care Clin 1995;11:295-309.
2. Winslet MC, Hall C, London NJM, et al. Relation of diagnostic serum amylase levels to aetiology and severity of acute pancreatitis. Gut 1992;33:982-6.
3. Bourke JB. Incidence and mortality of acute pancreatitis. BMJ 1977;2: 1668-9.
4. Corfield AP, Cooper MJ, Williamson RCN. Acute pancreatitis: a lethal disease of increasing incidence. Gut 1985;26:724-9.
5. de Beaux AC, Palmer KR, Carter DC. Factors influencing morbidity and mortality in acute pancreatitis; an analysis of 279 cases. Gut 1995;37:121-6.
6. Sinclair MT, McCarthy A, McKay C, et al. The increasing incidence and high early mortality rate from acute pancreatitis in Scotland over the last ten years [abstract]. Gastroenterology 1997;112(suppl 4):A482.
7. Trapnell JE. The natural history and prognosis of acute pancreatitis. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 1966;38:265-87.
8. MRC. Death from acute pancreatitis: multicentre trial of glucagon and aprotinin. Lancet 1977;ii:632-5.
9. Beger HG, Büchler M, Bittner R, et al. Necrosectomy and postoperative local lavage in necrotizing pancreatitis. Br J Surg 1988;75:207-12.
10. Neoptolemos JP, London NJ, James D, et al. Controlled trial of urgent endoscopie retrograde cholangiopancreatography and endoscopie sphincterotomy versus conservative treatment for acute pancreatitis due to gallstones. Lancet 1988;ii:979-83.
11. Fan ST, Lai CS, Mok FPT, et al. Early treatment of acute biliary pancreatitis by endoscopic papillotomy. N Engl J Med 1993;328:228-32.
12. Block S, Maier W, Bittner R, et al. Identification of pancreatic necrosis in severe acute pancreatitis: imaging procedures versus clinical staging. Gut 1986;27:1035-42.
13. Bradley EL. A clinically based classification system for acute pancreatitis. Arch Surg 1993;128:586-90.
14. Balthazar EJ, Robinson DL, Magibow ASJ, et al. Acute pancreatitis: value of CT in establishing prognosis. Radiology 1990;174:331-6.
15. Sigurdsson GH. Intensive care management of acute pancreatitis. Dig Surg 1994;11:231-41.
16. Kelly TR, Wagner DS. Gallstone pancreatitis: a prospective randomised trial of timing of surgery. Surgery 1988;104:600-5.
17. Kivilaakso E, Lempinen M, Mäkeläinen A, et al. Pancreatic resection versus peritoneal lavation for acute fulminent pancreatitis. Ann Surg 1984;199: 426-31.
18. Lankisch PG, Schirren CA, Kunze E. Undetected fatal acute pancreatitis: why is the disease so frequently overlooked? Am J Gastroenterol 1991;86:322-6.
19. Fölsch UR, Nitsche R, Lüdtke R, et al. Early ERCP and papillotomy compared with conservative treatment for acute biliary pancreatitis. N Engl J Med 1997;336:237-42.
20. Wilson PS, Manji M, Neoptolemos JP. Acute pancreatitis as a model of sepsis. J Antimicrob Chemother 1998;41(suppl A):51-63.
21. Formela LJ, Wood LM, Whittaker M, et al. Amelioration of experimental acute pancreatitis with a potent platelet-activating factor antagonist. Br J Surg 1994;81:1783-5.
22. Emanuelli G, Montrucchio G, Dughera L, et al. Role of platelet activating factor in acute pancreatitis induced by lipopolysaccharides in rabbits. Eur J Pharmacol 1994;261:265-72.
23. Heath DI, Cruickshank A, Gudgeon M, et al. Role of interleukin-6 in mediating the acute phase protein response and potential as an early means of severity assessment in acute pancreatitis. Gut 1993;34:41-5.
24. Davies MG, Hagen P-O. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Br J Surg 1997;84:920-35.
25. Beger HG, Bittner R, Block S, et al. Bacterial contamination of pancreatic necrosis. A prospective clinical study. Gastroenterology 1986;91:433-8.
26. Heath D, Alexander D, Wilson C, et al. Which complications of acute pancreatitis are most lethal? A prospective multi-centre clinical study of 719 episodes [abstract]. Gut 1995;36:A478.
27. Banks PA, Tenner S, Noordhoek EC, et al. Does pancreatic necrosis predict severity in patients with acute pancreatitis? Digestion 1996;57:218.
28. Fenton-Lee D, Imrie CW. Pancreatic necrosis: assessment of outcome related to quality of life and cost of management. Br J Surg 1993;80:1579-82.
29. Carter DC. Acute pancreatitis: the value of life. Br J Surg 1993;80:1499-500.
30. Doepel M, Eriksson J, Halme L, et al. Good long-term results in patients surviving severe acute pancreatitis. Br J Surg 1993;80:1583-6.
31. Gyldmark M, Polit C. A review of cost studies of intensive care units: problems with the cost concept. Crit Care Med 1995;23:964-72.
32. Luiten EJT, Hop WCJ, Lange JF, et al. Controlled clinical trial of selective decontamination for the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis. Ann Surg 1995;222:57-65.
33. Sainio V, Kemppainen E, Puolakkainen P, et al. Early antibiotic treatment in acute necrotising pancreatitis. Lancet 1995;346:663-7.
34. Ward JB, Petersen OH, Jenkins SA, et al. Is an elevated concentration of acinar cytosolic free ionised calcium the trigger for acute pancreatitis? Lancet 1995;346:1016-19.
35. Ward JB, Sutton R, Jenkins SA, et al. Progressive disruption of acinar cell calcium signaling is an early feature of cerulein-induced pancreatitis in mice. Gastroenterology 1996;111:481-91.
36. Whitcomb DC, Gory MC, Preston RA, et al. Hereditary pancreatitis is caused by a mutation in the cationic trypsinogen gene. Nat Genet 1996;14: 141-5.
37. Exley AR, Leese T, Holliday MP, et al. Endotoxaemia and serum tumour necrosis factor as prognostic markers in severe acute pancreatitis. Gut 1992;33:1126-8.
38. Tanaka N, Murata A, Uda K, et al. Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist modifies the changes in vital organs induced by acute necrotizing pancreatitis in a rat experimental model. Crit Care Med 1995;23:901-8.
39. Curley P, Wernor M, Collins K, et al. Decreased interleukin-2 production in severe acute pancreatitis: potential for immunomodulation. Gastroenterology 1996;110:583-8.
40. London NJM, Leese T, Lavelle JM, et al. Rapid-bolus contrast-enhanced dynamic computed tomography in acute pancreatitis: a prospective study. Br J Surg 1991;78:1452-6.
41. London NHM, Neoptolemos JP, Lavelle J, et al. Contrast-enhanced abdominal computer tomography scanning and prediction of severity of acute pancreatitis: a prospective study. Br J Surg 1989;76:268-72.
42. Bradley EL III (ed). Surgical indications and techniques in necrotizing pancreatitis. In: Acute pancreatitis diagnosis and therapy. New York: Raven Press 1994:105-17.
43. Banks PA. The role of needle-aspiration bacteriology in the management of necrotizing pancreatitis. In: Bradley EL III, ed. Acute pancreatitis diagnosis and therapy. New York: Raven Press 1994:99-103.
44. van Sonnenberg E. Percutaneous therapy for pancreatic abscess. In: Bradley EL III, ed. Acute pancreatitis diagnosis and therapy. New York: Raven Press 1994:161-4.
45. Poston GJ, Williamson RCN. Surgical management of acute pancreatitis. Br J Surg 1990;77:5-12.
46. Calleja GA, Barkin JS. Acute pancreatitis. Med Clin North Am 1993;77: 1037-56.
47. Neoptolemos JP, London NJM, Carr-Locke DL. Assessment of main pancreatic duct integrity by endoscopic retrograde pancreatography in patients with acute pancreatitis. Br J Surg 1993;80:94-9.
48. Corfield AP, Cooper MJ, Williamson RCN, et al. Prediction of severity in acute pancreatitis: a prospective comparison of three prognostic indices. Lancet 1985;ii:403-7.
49. Larvin M, McMahon MJ. APACHE-II score for assessment and monitoring of acute pancreatitis. Lancet 1989;ii:201-4.
50. Leese T, Shaw D. Comparison of three Glasgow multifactor prognostic scoring systems in acute pancreatitis. Br J Surg 1988;75:460-2.
51. Knaus WA, Draper EA, Wagner DP, et al. APACHE-II: a severity of disease classification system. Crit Care Med 1985;13:818-29.
52. Dominguez-Muñoz JE, Carbello F, Garcia MJ, et al. Clinical usefulness of polymorphonuclear elastase in predicting the severity of acute pancreatitis: results of a multicentre study. Br J Surg 1991;78:1230-4.
53. Gudgeon AM, Heath DI, Hurley P, et al. Trypsinogen activation peptide assay in the early prediction of severity of acute pancreatitis. Lancet 1990; 335:4-8.
54. 1 antitrypsin as diagnostic and prognostic marker of acute pancreatitis: clinical study in consecutive patients. BMJ 1996;313:333-7.
55. Livingston DH, Deitch EA. Multiple organ failure: a common problem in surgical intensive care unit patients. Ann Med 1995;27:13-20.
56. McFadden DW. Organ failure and multiple organ system failure in pancreatitis. Pancreas 1991;6:S37-43.
57. Renner IG, Savage VCT, Pantoja JL, et al. Death due to acute pancreatitis: a retrospective analysis of 405 autopsy cases. Dig Dis Sci 1985;30:1005-18.
58. Talamini G, Bassi C, Falconi M, et al. Cigarette smoking: an independent risk factor in alcoholic pancreatitis. Pancreas 1996;12:131-7.
59. Lankisch PG, Schirren CA. Increased body weight as a prognostic parameter for complications in the course of acute pancreatitis. Pancreas 1989;5:626-9.
60. Funnell IC, Bornman PC, Weakley SP, et al. Obesity: an important prognostic factor in acute pancreatitis. Br J Surg 1993;80:484-6.
61. Cerra FB. Multiple organ failure syndrome. Dis Mon 1992;38:847-95.
62. Beal AL, Cerra FB. Multiple organ failure syndrome in the 1990s. JAMA 1994;271:226-33.
63. Nowak A, Nowakowska-Dulaw E, Marek TA, et al. Final results of the prospective, randomized, controlled study on endoscopic sphincterotomy versus conventional treatment in acute biliary pancreatitis [abstract]. Gastroenterology 1995;108:A380.
64. Mithofer K, Fernandez-del Carrillo C, Ferraro MJ, et al. Antibiotic treatment improves survival in experimental acute pancreatitis. Gastroenterology 1996;110:232-40.
65. Niederau C, Schulz HU. Current conservative treatment of acute pancreatitis: Evidence from animal and human studies. Hepatogastroenterology 1993;40:538-49.
66. Leach SD, Forelick FS, Modlin IM. New perspectives on acute pancreatitis. Scand J Gastroenterol 1992;27;29-38.
67. Mayer AD, McMahon MJ, Corfield AP, et al. Controlled clinical trial of peritoneal lavage for the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis. N Engl J Med 1985;312:399-404.
68. Leese T, Holliday M, Heath D, et al. A multicentre prospective trial of low volume fresh frozen plasma therapy in acute pancreatitis. Br J Surg 1987;74:907-11.
69. Leese T, Hall C, Holliday M, et al. Multicentre prospective randomized trial of high volume fresh frozen plasma therapy in acute pancreatitis. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 1991;73:542-4.
70. Cavallini G, Tittobello A, Frulloni L, et al. Gabexate for the prevention of pancreatic damage related to endoscopie retrograde cholangiopancreatography. N Engl J Med 1996;335:919-23.
71. Buchler M, Malfertheiner P, Uhl W, et al. Gabexate mesilate in human acute pancreatitis. German Pancreatitis Study Group. Gastroenterohgy 1993;104: 1165-70.
72. Messori A, Rampazzo R, Scroccaro G, et al. Effectiveness of gabexate mesilate in acute pancreatitis. Dig Dis Sci 1995;40:734-8.
73. Kingsnorth AN, Galloway SW, Formela LJ. Randomized, double-blind phase II trial of lexipafant, a platelet-activating factor antagonist, in human acute pancreatitis. Br J Surg 1995;82:1414-20.
74. Curran FJM, Sharples CE, Young CA, et al. Controlled trial of lexipafant in severe acute pancreatitis [abstract]. Pancreas 1995;11:424.
75. Kingsnorth AN for the British Acute Pancreatitis Study Group. Early treatment with lexipafant, a platelet activating factor antagonist reduces mortality in acute pancreatitis: a double blind, randomized placebo controlled study [abstract]. Gastroenterology 1997;112:A453.
76. Venable ME, Zimmerman GA, McIntyre TM, et al. Platelet activating factor: a phospholipid autocoid with diverse actions. J Lipid Res 1993;34:691-702.
77. Anderson BO, Bernard DD, Harker AH. The role of platelet activating factor and its antagonists in shock, sepsis and multiple organ failure. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1991;102:415-24.
78. Adams DH, Shaw S. Leucocyte-endothelial interactions and the regulation of leukocyte migration. Lancet 1994;343:831-6.
79. Edbrooke DL, Wilson AJ, Gerrish O, et al. The Sheffield costing system for intensive care. Care Critic III 1995;11:106-10.
80. Blackstone ME, Miller RS, Hodgson AJ, et al. Lowering hospital charges in the trauma intensive care unit while maintaining quality of care by increasing resident and attending physician awareness. J Trauma 1995;39:1041-4.
81. Chalfin DB, Cohen IL, Lambrinos J. The economics and cost-effectiveness of critical care medicine. Int Care Med 1995;21:952-61.
82. Cullen DJ, Civetta JM, Briggs BA, et al. Therapeutic intervention scoring system: a method for quantitative comparison of patient care. Crit Care Med 1974;2:57-60.
83. Reynaert MS, Dugernier T, Kestens PJ. Current therapeutic strategies in severe acute pancreatitis. Int Care Med 1990;16:352-62.