The cholesterol-lowering effect of guar gum in rats is not accompanied by an interruption of bile acid cycling

Lipids

Volumn 33, Issue 8, 1998, Pages 765-771

  Favier, Marie Laure ^a   Bost, Pierre Etienne ^b   Demigné, Christian ^a   Rémésy, Christian ^a  

^a CEMAGREF   (France)

^b SANOFI   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

3 HYDROXY 3 METHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A; CHOLESTEROL; COLESTYRAMINE; GUAR GUM;

ANIMAL CELL; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; BILE ACID METABOLISM; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DRUG MECHANISM; DRUG POTENCY; HYPOCHOLESTEROLEMIA; LIPID ABSORPTION; LIVER METABOLISM; MALE; NONHUMAN; RAT; STEROIDOGENESIS;

ANIMALIA; CYAMOPSIS TETRAGONOLOBA;

EID: 0031839171     PISSN: 00244201     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11745-998-0268-9     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Chen, W.J., and Anderson, J.W. (1979) Effects of Guar Gum and Wheat Bran on Lipid Metabolism of Rats, J. Nutr. 109, 1028-1034.
2. Gallaher, D.D., Hassel, C.A., Lee, K.J., and Gallaher, C.M. (1993) Viscosity and Fermentability as Attributes of Dietary Fiber Responsible for the Hypocholesterolemic Effect in Hamsters, J. Nutr. 123, 244-252.
3. Jenkins, D.J.A., Reynolds, D., Slavin, B., Leeds, A.R., Jenkins, A.L., and Jepson, E.M. (1980) Dietary Fibers and Blood Lipids: Treatment of Hypercholesterolemia with Guar Gum Crispbread, Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 33, 575-581.
4. Mälkki, Y., Autio, K., Hänninen, O., Myllymäki, O., Pelkonen, K., Suortti, T., and Törrönen, R. (1992) Oat Bran Concentrates: Physical Properties of β-Glucan and Hypocholesterolemic Effects in Rats, Cereal Chem. 69, 647-653.
5. Younes, H., Levrat, M.A., Demigné, C., and Rémésy, C. (1995) Resistant Starch Is More Effective Than Cholestyramine as Lipid-Lowering Agent in the Rat, Lipids 30, 847-853.
6. Moundras, C., Behr, S.R., Demigné, C., Mazur, A., and Rémésy, C. (1994) Fermentable Polysaccharide That Enhance Fecal Bile Acid Excretion and Lower Plasma Cholesterol and Apolipoprotein E-rich HDL in Rats, J. Nutr. 124, 2179-2188.
7. Favier, M.L., Moundras, C., Demigné, C., and Rémésy, C. (1995) Fermentable Carbohydrates Exert a More Potent Cholesterol-Lowering Effect Than Cholestyramine, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1258, 115-121.
8. Todd, P.A., Benfield, P., and Goa, K.L. (1990) Guar Gum. A Review of Its Pharmacological Properties, and Use as a Dietary Adjunct in Hypercholesterolemia, Drugs 39, 917-928.
9. Ebihara, K., and Schneeman, B.O. (1989) Interaction of Bile Acids, Phospholipids, Cholesterol and Triglyceride with Dietary Fibers in the Small Intestine of Rats, J. Nutr. 119, 1100-1106.
10. Poksay, K.S., and Schneeman, B.O. (1983) Pancreatic and Intestinal Response to Dietary Guar Gum in Rats, J. Nutr. 133, 1544-1549.
11. Miettinen, T.A., and Tarpila, S. (1989) Serum Lipids and Cholesterol Metabolism During Guar Gum, Plantago Ovata and High Fibre Treatments, Clin. Chim. Acta 183, 253-262.
12. Kishimoto, Y., Wakabayashi, S., and Takeda, H. (1995) Hypocholesterolemic Effect of Dietary Fiber: Relation to Intestinal Fermentation and Bile Acid Excretion, J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol. 41, 151-161.
13. Story, J.A., and Kritchevsky, D. (1976) Comparisons of the Binding of Various Bile Acids and Bile Salts in vitro by Several Types of Fiber, J. Nutr. 106, 1292-1294.
14. Morgan, L.M., Tredger, J.A., Shavila, Y., Travis, J.S., and Wright, J. (1993) The Effect of Non-Starch Polysaccharide Supplementation on Circulating Bile Acids, Hormone and Metabolite Levels Following a Fat Meal in Human Subjects, Br. J. Nutr. 70, 491-501.
15. Daggy, B.P., O'Connell, N.C., Jerdack, G.R., Stinson, B.A., and Setchell, K.D.R. (1997) Additive Hypocholesterolemic Effect of Psyllium and Cholestyramine in the Hamster: Influence on Fecal Sterol and Bile Acid Profiles, J. Lip. Res. 38, 491-502.
16. Sérougne, C., Férézou, J., and Rukaf, A. (1987) A New Relationship Between Cholesterolemia and Cholesterol Synthesis Determined in Rats Fed Excess of Cystine, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 921, 522-530.
17. Mazur, A., Rémésy, C., Gueux, E., Levrat, M.A., and Demigné, C. (1990) Effects of Diets Rich in Fermentable Carbohydrates on Plasma Lipoprotein Levels and on Lipoprotein Catabolism in Rats, J. Nutr. 120, 1037-1045.
18. Wilce, P.A., and Kroone, P.A. (1992) Assay of 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl Coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) Reductase, (Converse, C.A., and Skinner, E.R. eds.), in Lipoprotein Analysis, pp. 203-214, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
19. Anderson, J.W., Jones, A.E., and Riddell-Mason, S. (1994) Ten Different Dietary Fibers Have Significantly Different Effects on Serum and Liver Lipids of Cholesterol-Fed Rats, J. Nutr. 124, 78-83.
20. Gatenby, S.J. (1990) Guar Gum and Hyperlipidemia - A Review of the Literature (Leeds, T., ed.) in Dietary Fibre Perspectives No. 2, pp. 101-116, John Libbey & Co., United Kingdom.
21. Fernandez, M.L., Sun, D.M., Tosca, M., and McNamara, D.J. (1995) Guar Gum Effects on Plasma Low Density Lipoprotein and Hepatic Cholesterol Metabolism in Guinea Pigs Fed Low-and High-Cholesterol Diets: A Dose-Response Study, Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 61, 127-134.
22. Moundras, C., Behr, S.R., Rémésy, C., and Demigné, C. (1997) Fecal Losses of Sterols and Bile Acids Induced by Feeding Rats Guar Gum Are Due to Greater Pool Size and Liver Bile Acid Secretion, J. Nutr. 127, 1068-1076.
23. Pasquier, B., Armand, M., Guillon, F., Castelain, C., Borel, P., Barry, J.-L., Pieroni, G., and Lairon, D. (1996) Viscous Soluble Dietary Fibers Alter Emulsification and Lipolysis of Triacylglycerols in Duodenal Medium in vitro, Nutr. Biochem. 7, 293-302.
24. Stedronsky, E.R. (1994) Interaction of Bile Acids and Cholesterol with Non-Systemic Agents Have Hypocholesterolemic Properties, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1210, 255-287.
25. Benson, G.M., Haynes, C., Blanchard, S., and Ellis, D. (1993) In Vitro Studies to Investigate the Reasons for the Low Potency of Cholestyramine and Colestipol, J. Pharm. Sci. 82, 80-86.
26. Ide, T., Moruichi, H., and Nihimoto, K. (1991) Hypolipidemic Effects of Guar Gum and Its Enzyme Hydrolysate in Rats Fed Highly Saturated Fat Diets, Ann. Nutr. Metab. 35, 34-44.
27. Ikegami, S., Tsuchihashi, F., Harada, H., Tsuchihashi, N., Nishide, E., and Innani, S. (1990) Effect of Viscous Indigestible Polysaccharide on Pancreatic-Biliary Secretion and Digestive Organs in Rats, J. Nutr. 120, 353-360.
28. Favier, M.L., Bost, P.E., Guittard, C., Demigné, C., and Rémésy, C. (1997) The Cholesterol-Lowering Effect of Guar Gum Is Not the Result of a Simple Diversion of Bile Acids Toward Fecal Excretion, Lipids 32, 953-959.
29. Torchia, E.C., Cheema, S.K., and Agellon, L.B. (1996) Coordinate Regulation of Bile Acid Biosynthetic and Recovery Pathways, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 225, 128-133.
30. Riottot, M., and Sacquet, E. (1985) Increase in the Ileal Absorption Rate of Sodium Taurocholate in Germ-Free or Conventional Rats Given Amylomaize-Starch Diet, Br. J. Nutr. 53, 307-310.
31. Stark, A., Nyska, A., and Madar, Z. (1996) Metabolic and Morphometric Changes in Small and Large Intestine in Rats Fed High-Fibre Diets, Toxicol. Pathol. 24, 166-171.
32. Pell, D.J., Gee, J.M., Worthey, G.M., and Johnson, I.T. (1992) Dietary Corn Oil and Guar Gum Stimulate Intestinal Crypt Cell Proliferation in Rats by Independent But Potentially Synergistic Mechanisms, J. Nutr. 122, 2247-2256.
33. Stravitz, R.T., Sanyal, A.J., Pandak, W.M., Vlahcevic, Z.R., Beets, J.W., and Dawson, P.A. (1997) Induction of Sodium-Dependent Bile Acid Transporter Messenger RNA, Protein, and Activity in Rat Ileum by Cholic Acid, Gastroenterology 113, 1599-1608.
34. Luner, P.E., and Amidon, G.L. (1992) Equilibrium and Kinetic Factors Influencing Bile Acid Sequestrant Efficacy, Pharm. Res. 9, 670-676.
35. Arjmandi, B.H., Ahn, J., Nathani, S., and Reeves, R.D. (1992) Soluble Dietary Fiber and Cholesterol Affect Serum Cholesterol Concentration, Hepatic Portal Venous Short-Chain Fatty Acid Concentration and Fecal Sterol Excretion in Rats, J. Nutr. 122, 246-253.
36. Shefer, S., Nguyen, L.B., Salen, G., Ness, G.C., Chawdary, I.R., Lerner, S., Batta, A.K., and Tint, G.S. (1992) Differing Effects of Cholesterol and Taurocholate on Steady State Hepatic HMG-CoA Reductase and Cholesterol 7α-Hydroxylase Activities and MRNA Levels in the Rat, J. Lip. Res. 33, 1193-1200.
37. Rémésy, C., Demigné, C., and Morand, C. (1995) Metabolism of Short-Chain Fatty Acids in the Liver, (Cummings, J.H., Rombeau, J.L., and Sakata, T., eds,), in Physiological and Clinical Aspects of Short-Chain Fatty Acids, pp. 171-190, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
38. Jenkins, D.J.A., Leeds, A.R., Gassull, M.A., Cochet, B., and Alberti, K.G.M.M. (1977) Decrease in Postprandial Insulin and Glucose Concentrations by Guar and Pectin, Ann. Intern. Med. 86, 20-23.
39. Ghatei, M.A., Ratcliffe, B., Bloom, S.R., and Goodlad, R.A. (1997) Fermentable Dietary Fibre, Intestinal Microflora and Plasma Hormones in the Rat, Clin. Sci. 93, 109-112.
40. Ness, G.C., Zhao, Z., and Wiggins, L. (1994) Insulin and Glucagon Modulate Hepatic 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A Reductase Activity by Affecting Immunoreactive Protein Levels, J. Biol. Chem. 18, 29168-29172.
41. Pandak, W.M., Heuman, D.M., Hylemon, P.B., Chiang, J.Y.L., and Vlahcevic, Z.R. (1995) Failure of Intravenous Infusion of Taurocholate to Down-Regulate Cholesterol 7α-Hydroxylase in Rats with Biliary Fistulas, Gastroenterology 108, 533-544.
42. Reddy, B.S., Narisawa, R., Weisburger, J.H., and Wynder, E.L. (1976) Promoting Effect of Sodium Deoxycholate on Colon Adenocarcinomas in Germ-Free Rats, J. Natl. Cancer Ins. 56, 441-442.
43. Hayashi, E., Amuro, Y., Endo, T., Yamamoto, H., Miyamoto, M., and Kishimoto, S. (1986) Fecal Bile Acids and Neutral Sterols in Rats with Spontaneous Colon Cancer, Int. J. Cancer. 37, 629-632.