Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and CNS drug interactions. A critical review of the evidence

Clinical Pharmacokinetics

Volumn 33, Issue 6, 1997, Pages 454-471

  Sproule, Beth A ^a,b   Naranjo, Claudio A ^a,b,c   Bremner, Karen E ^a,c   Hassan, Paul C ^a  

^a SUNNYBROOK RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^c UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALPRAZOLAM; BENZODIAZEPINE DERIVATIVE; BROMAZEPAM; CARBAMAZEPINE; CLOZAPINE; CYTOCHROME P450; DIAZEPAM; FLUOXETINE; FLUVOXAMINE; HALOPERIDOL; NEUROLEPTIC AGENT; PAROXETINE; PERPHENAZINE; RISPERIDONE; SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITOR; THIORIDAZINE; TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT;

BINDING AFFINITY; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; DRUG BINDING; DRUG BLOOD LEVEL; DRUG ELIMINATION; DRUG METABOLISM; DRUG POTENCY; ENZYME ACTIVITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW;

EID: 0031452259     PISSN: 03125963     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2165/00003088-199733060-00004     Document Type: Review

References (106)

1. Ross HE, Glaser FB, Germanson T. The prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients with alcohol and other drug problems. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1988; 45: 1023-31
2. Rosenbaum JF. Managing selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor-drug interactions in clinical practice. Clin Pharmacokinet 1995; 29 Suppl. 1: 53-9
3. Wong DT, Bymaster FT, Reid LR, et al. Fluoxetine and two other serotonin uptake inhibitors without affinity for neuronal receptors. Biochem Pharmacol 1983; 32: 1287-93
4. Kasper S, Heiden A. Do SSRIs differ in their antidepressant efficacy. Hum Psychopharmacol Clin Exp Ther 1995; 10 Suppl. 3: S163-72
5. den Boer JA, Westenberg HGM. Serotonergic compounds in panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder and anxious depression: a concise review. Hum Psychopharmacol Clin Exp Ther 1995; 10 Suppl. 3: S173-83
6. Nelson DR, Koymans L, Kamataki T, et al. P450 superfamily: update on new sequences, gene mapping, accession numbers and nomenclature. Pharmacogenetics 1996; 6 (1): 1-42
7. Gonzalez FJ, Jeffrey RI. Pharmacogenetic phenotyping and genotyping: present status and future potential. Clin Pharmacokinet 1994; 26 (1): 59-70
8. Bertz RJ, Granneman GR. Use of in vitro and in vivo data to estimate the likelihood of metabolic pharmacokinetic interactions. Clin Pharmacokinet 1997; 32 (3): 210-58
9. Shen WW. Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and interactions of psychotropic drugs: a five-year update. Int J Psychiatry Med 1995; 25 (3): 277-90
10. Daly AK, Cholerton S, Gregory W, et al. Metabolic polymorphisms. Pharmacol Ther 1993; 57: 129-60
11. Ketter TA, Flockhart DA, Post RM, et al. The emerging role of cytochrome P450 3A in psychopharmacology. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1995; 15 (6): 387-98
12. De Vane CL. Pharmacogenetics and drug metabolism of newer antidepressant agents. J Clin Psychiatry 1994; 55 Suppl. 12: 38-45
13. Schmider J, Greenblatt DJ, von Moltke LL, et al. Relationship of in vitro data on drug metabolism to in vivo pharmacokinetics and drug interactions: implications for diazepam disposition in humans. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1996; 16 (4): 267-72
14. Schmid B, Bircher J, Preisig R, et al. Polymorphic dextromethorphan metabolism: co-segregation of oxidative O-demethylation with debrisoquin hydroxylation. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1985; 38: 618-24
15. Chen ZR, Somogyi AA, Bochner F. Polymorphic O-demethylation of codeine. Lancet 1988; II: 914-5
16. Wu D, Otton SV, Sproule BA, et al. Inhibition of human cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) by methadone. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1993; 35: 30-4
17. von Moltke LL, Greenblatt DJ, Cotreau-Bibbo MM, et al. Inhibitors of alprazolam metabolism in vitro: effect of serotonin-reuptake-inhibitor anlidepressants, ketoconazole and quinidine. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1994; 38: 23-31
18. Shader RI, von Moltke LL, Schmider J, et al. The clinician and drug interactions: an update. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1996; 16 (3): 197-201
19. Preskorn SH. Clinical pharmacology of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, 1st ed. Caddo (OK): Professional Communications Inc., 1996
20. van Harten J. Clinical pharmacokinetics of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Clin Pharmacokinet 1993; 24 (3): 203-20
21. Preskorn SH. Clinically relevant pharmacology of selective serotonin reuplake inhibitors. Clin Pharmacokinet 1997; 32 Suppl. 1: 1-21
22. Jeppesen U, Gram LF, Vistisen K, et al. Dose-dependent inhibition of CYP1A2, CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 by citalopram, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine and paroxetine. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1996; 51: 73-8
23. Sindrup SH, Brosen K, Hansen MGJ, et al. Pharmacokinetics of citalopram in relation to the sparteine and the mephenytoin oxidation polymorphisms. Ther Drug Monit 1993; 15 (1): 11-7
24. Altamura AC, Moro AR, Percudani M. Clinical pharmacokinetics of fluoxeline. Clin Pharmacokinet 1994; 26 (3): 201-14
25. Benfield P, Heel RC, Lewis SP. Fluoxetine: a review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic efficacy in depressive illness. Drugs 1986; 32: 481-508
26. Fluvoxamine in perspective: a decade of experience. Chester (UK): Adis International, 1995
27. Dechant KL, Clissold SP. Paroxetine: a review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic potential in depressive illness. Drugs 1991; 41 (2): 225-53
28. Murdoch D, McTavish D. Sertraline: a review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic potential in depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Drugs 1992; 44 (4): 604-24
29. Lemberger L, Rowe H, Carmichael R, et al. Fluoxetine, a selective serotonin uptake inhibitor. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1978; 23: 421-9
30. Brøsen K, Skjelbo E. Fluoxetine and norfluoxetine are potent inhibitors of P450IID6: the source of the sparteine/debrisoquine oxidation polymorphism. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1991; 32: 136-7
31. von Moltke LL, Greenblatt DJ, Cotreau-Bibbo MM, et al. Inhibition of desipramine hydroxylation in vitro by serotonin-reuptake-inhibitor antidepressants, and by quinidine and ketoconazole: a model system to predict drug interactions in vivo. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1994; 268 (3): 1278-83
32. Crewe HK, Lennard MS, Tucker GT, et al. The effect of selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors on cytochrome P4502D6 (CYP2D6) activity in human liver microsomes. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1992; 34: 262-5
33. Otton SV, Wu D, Joffe RT, et al. Inhibition by fluoxeline of cytochrome P450 2D6 activity. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1993; 53: 401-9
34. Otton SV, Ball SE, Cheung SW, et al. Venlafaxine oxidation in vitro is catalysed by CYP2D6. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1996; 41 (2): 149-56
35. Brøsen K, Skjelbo E, Rasmussen JGC, et al. Fluvoxamine is a potent inhibitor of cytochrome P4501A2. Biochemical Pharmacology 1993; 45 (6): 1211-4
36. von Moltke LL, Greenblatt DJ, Court MH, et al. Inhibition of alprazolam and desipramine hydroxylation in vitro by paroxetine and fluvoxamine: comparison with other selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1995; 15: 125-31
37. Kobayashi K, Yamamoto T, Chiba K, et al. The effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and their metabolites on S-mephenytoin 4′-hydroxylase activity in human liver microsomes. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1995; 40 Suppl. 5: 481-5
38. Dubovsky SL, Thomas M. Psychotic depression: advances in conceptualization and treatment. Hosp Community Psychiatry 1992; 43: 1189-98
39. Plasky P. Antidepressant usage in schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 1991; 17: 649-57
40. Dahl-Puustinen M, Liden A, Alm C, et al. Disposition of perphenazine is related to polymorphic debrisoquine hydroxylation in human beings. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1989; 46: 78-81
41. von Bahr C, Movin G, Nordin C, et al. Plasma levels of thioridazine and metabolites are influenced by the debrisoquine hydroxylation phenotype. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1991; 49: 234-40
42. Llerena A, Alm C, Dahl ML, et al. Haloperidol disposition is dependent on the debrisoquine hydroxylation phenotype. Ther Drug Monit 1992; 14: 92-7
43. Huang ML, van Peer A, Woestenborghs R, et al. Pharmacokinetics of novel antipsychotic agent risperidone and the prolactin response in healthy subjects. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1993; 54: 257-68
44. Jerling M, Dahl ML, Aberg-Wistedt A, et al. The CYP2D6 genotype predicts the oral clearance of the neuroleptic agents perphenazine and zuclopenthixol. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1996; 59: 423-8
45. Bertilsson L, Carrillo JA, Dahl ML, et al. Clozapine disposition covaries with CYP1A2 activity determined by a caffeine test. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1994; 38: 471-3
46. Syvalahti EK, Taiminen T, Saarijarvi S, et al. Citalopram causes no significant alterations in plasma neuroleptic levels in schizophrenic patients. J Int Med Res 1997; 25 (1): 24-32
47. Milne RJ, Goa KL. Citalopram: a review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic potential in depressive illness. Drugs 1991; 41: 450-77
48. Gram LF, Hansen MGJ, Sindrup SH, et al. Citalopram: interaction studies with levomepromazine, imipramine and lithium. Ther Drug Monit 1993; 15: 18-24
49. Øyehaug E. Effect of phenothiazines on citalopram steady-state kinetics in psychiatric patients. Nor Pharm Acta 1982; 46: 37-46
50. Tyndale R, Kalow W, Inaba T. Oxidation of reduced haloperidol to haloperidol: involvement of human P450IID6 (sparteine/debrisoquine monoxygenase). Br J Clin Pharmacol 1991; 31: 655-60
51. Nemeroff CB, De Vane CL, Pollock BG. Newer antidepressants and the cytochrome P450 system. Am J Psychiatry 1996; 153 (3): 311-20
52. Llerena A, Dahl ML, Ekqvist B, et al. Haloperidol disposition is dependent on the dobrisquine hydroxylation phenotype: increased plasma levels of the reduced metabolite in poor metabolizers. Ther Drug Monit 1992; 14: 261-4
53. Goff DC, Midha KK, Brotman AW, et al. Elevation of plasma concentrations of haloperidol after the addition of fluoxetine. Am J Psychiatry 1991; 148: 790-2
54. Nelson MR, Dunner DL. Treatment resistance in unipolar depression and other disorders: diagnostic concerns and treatment possibilities. Psychiatr Clin North Am 1993; 16 (3): 541-66
55. Tate JL. Extrapyramidal symptoms in a patient taking haloperidol and fluoxetine [letter]. Am J Psychiatry 1989; 146: 399-400
56. Bouchard RH, Pourcher E, Vincent P. Fluoxetine and extrapyramidal side effects [letter]. Am J Psychiatry 1989; 146: 1352-3
57. Brod TM. Fluoxetine and extrapyramidal side effects [letter]. Am J Psychiatry 1989; 146: 1353
58. Centorrino F, Baldessarini RJ, Kando J, et al. Serum concentrations of clozapine and its major metabolites: effects of cotreatment with fluoxeline or valproate. Am J Psychiatry 1994; 151 (1): 123-5
59. Daniel DG, Randolph C, Jaskiw G, et al. Coadministration of fluvoxamine increases serum concentrations of haloperidol. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1994; 14 (5): 340-3
60. Jerling M, Lindstrom L, Bondesson U, et al. Fluvoxamine inhibition and carbamazepine induction of the metabolism of clozapine: evidence trom a therapeutic drug monitoring service. Ther Drug Monit 1994; 16 (4): 368-74
61. Szegedi A, Wiesner J, Hiemke C. Improved efficacy and fewer side effects under clozapine treatment after addition of fluvoxamine. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1995; 15 (2): 141-3
62. Özdemir V, Naranjo CA, Herrmann N, et al. Paroxetine potentiates CNS side effects of perphenazine: contribution of cytochrome P450 2D6 inhibition in vivo. Clin Pharmacol Ther. In press
63. Cooper SM, Jackson D, Loudon JM, et al. The psychomotor effects of paroxeline alone and in combination with haloperidol, amylobarbitone, oxazepam or alcohol. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1989; 80 Suppl. 350: 53-5
64. Williams SA, Wesnes K, Oliver SD, et al. Absence of effect of sertraline on time-based sensitization of cognitive impairment with haloperidol. J Clin Psychiatry 1996; 57 Suppl. 1: 7-11
65. Weilberg JB, Rosenbaum JF, Meltzer-Brody S. Tricyclic augmentation of fluoxetine. Ann Clin Psychiatry 1991; 3: 209-14
66. Baettig D, Bondolfi G, Montaldi S, et al. Tricyclic antidepressant plasma levels after augmentation with citalopram: a case study. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1993; 44: 403-5
67. Taylor D. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants in combination: interactions and therapeutic uses. Br J Psychiatry 1995; 167: 575-80
68. Vaughan DA. Interaction of fluoxetine with tricyclic antidepressants [letter]. Am J Psychiatry 1988; 145: 1478
69. Goodnick PJ. Influence of fluoxetine on plasma levels of desipramine. Am J Psychiatry 1989; 146: 552
70. Bell IR, Cole JR. Fluoxetine induces elevation of desipramine levels and exacerbation of geriatric non-psychotic depression. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1988; 8: 447-8
71. Bergstrom RF, Peyton AL, Lemberger L. Qualification and mechanism of the fluoxetine and tricyclic antidepressant interaction. Clin Pharmacol Cher 1992; 51: 239-48
72. Preskorn SH, Alderman J, Chung M, et al. Pharmacokinetics of desipramine coadministered with sertraline and fluoxetine. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1994; 14: 90-8
73. Preskorn SH, Beber JH, Faul JC, et al. Serious adverse effects of combining fluoxetine and tricyclic antidepressants. Am J Psychiatry 1990; 147: 532
74. van Harten J. Overview of the pharmacokinetics of fluvoxamine. Clin Pharmacokinet 1995; 29 Suppl. 1: 1-9
75. Maskall DD, Lam RW. Increased plasma concentration of imipramine following augmentation with fluvoxamine [letter]. Am J Psychiatry 1993; 150: 1566
76. Spina E, Pollicino AM, Avenoso A, et al. Fluvoxamine-induced alterations in plasma concentrations of imipramine and desipramine in depressed patients. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res 1993; 13: 167-71
77. Spina B, Pollicino AM, Avenoso A, et al. Effect of fluvoxamine on the pharmacokinetics of imipramine and desipramine in healthy subjects. Ther Drug Monit 1993; 15: 243-6
78. Bertschy G, Vandel S, Vandel R, et al. Fluvoxamine-tricyclic antidepressant interaction: an accidental finding. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1991; 40: 119-20
79. Brøsen K, Hansen JG, Nielson KK, et al. Inhibition by paroxetine of desipramine metabolism in extensive but not in poor metabolizers of sparteine. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1993; 44: 349-55
80. Preskorn SH. Pharmacokinetics of antidepressants: why and how they are relevant to treatment. J Clin Psychiatry 1993; 54 Suppl. Sep: 14-34
81. Alderman J, Preskorn SH, Greenblatt DJ, et al. Desipramine pharmacokinetics when coadministered with paroxetine or sertaline in extensive metabolizers. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1997; 17 (4): 284-91
82. Lydiard RB, Anton RF, Cunningham T. Interactions between sertraline and tricyclic antidepressants [letter|. Am J Psychiatry 1993; 150: 1125-6
83. Barros J, Asnis G. An interaction of sertraline and desipramine. Am J Psychiatry 1993; 150: 1751
84. Zussmunn BD, Davie CC, Fowles SE, et al. Sertraline, like other SSRIs, is a significant inhibitor of desipramine metabolism in vivo [abstract]. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1995; 39: 550-1
85. Kurtz DL, Bergstrom RF, Goldberg MJ, et al. The effect of sertaline on the pharmacokinetics of desipramine and imipramine. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1998; 62: 145-56
86. Wright CE, Lasher-Sisson TA, Steenwyk RC, et al. A pharmacokinetic evaluation of the combined administration of triazolam and fluoxetine. Pharmacotherapy 1992; 12 (2): 103-6
87. Lasher TA, Fleishaker JC, Steenwyk RC, et al. Pharmacokinetic pharmacodynamic evaluation of the combined administration of alprazolam and fluoxetine. Psychopharmacology 1991; 104: 323-7
88. Greenblatt DJ, Preskorn SH, Cotreau MM, et al. Fluoxeline impairs clearance of alprazolam but not of clonazepam. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1992; 52: 479-86
89. Fleishaker JC, Hulst LK. A pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluation of the combined administration of alprazolam and fluvoxamine. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1994; 46: 35-9
90. van Harten J, Holland RL, Wesnes K. Influence of multiple-dose administration of fluvoxamine on the pharmacokinetics of the benzodiazepine bromazepam and lorazepam: a randomized, cross-over study [abstract]. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 1992; 2: 381
91. Yasumori T, Nagata K, Yang S, et al. Cytochrome P450 mediated metabolism of diazepam in human and rat: involvement of human CYP2C in N-demethylation in the substrate concentration-dependent manner. Pharmacogenetics 1993; 3: 291-301
92. Andersson T, Miners JO, Birkett DJ, et al. Diazepam metabolism by human liver microsomes is mediated by both S-mephenytion hydroxylase and CYP3A isoforms [abstract]. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1994; 55: 138
93. Perucca E, Gatti G, Cipolla G, et al. Inhibition of diazepam metabolism by fluvoxamine: a pharmacokinetic study in normal volunteers. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1994; 56: 471-6
94. Ring BJ, Binkley SN, Roskos L, et al. Effect of fluoxetine, norfluoxetine, sertraline and desmethylsertraline on human CYP3A catalyzed 1′-hydroxy midazolam formation in vitro. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1995; 275: 1131-5
95. Lemberger L, Rowe H, Bosomworth JC, et al. The effect of fluoxetine on the pharmacokinetics and psychomotor responses of diazepam. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1988; 43: 412-9
96. Moskowitz H, Burns M. The effects on performance of two antidepressants, alone and in combination with diazepam. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 1988; 12: 783-92
97. Bannister SJ, Houser VP, Hulse JD, et al. Evaluation of the potential for interactions of paroxetine with diazepam, cimetidine, warfarin, and digoxin. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1989; 80 Suppl. 350: 102-6
98. Gardner MJ, Baris BA, Wilner KD, et al. Effect of sertraline on the pharmacokinetics and protein binding of diazepam in healthy volunteers. Clin Pharmacokinet 1997; 32 Suppl. 1: 43-9
99. Pearson HJ. Interaction of fluoxetine with carbamazepine [letter]. J Clin Psychiatry 1990; 51 (3): 126
100. Grimsley SR, Jann MW, Carter JG, et al. Increased carbamazepine plasma concentrations after fluoxetine coadministration. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1991; 50: 10-5
101. Spina E, Avenoso A, Pollocino AM, et al. Carbamazepine coadministration with fluoxetine or fluvoxamine. Ther Drug Monit 1993; 15: 247-50
102. Fritze J, Unsorg B, Lanczik M. Interaction between carbamazepine and fluvoxamine. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1991; 84: 583-4
103. Wagner W, Vause EW. Fluvoxamine: a review of global drug-drug interaction data. Clin Pharmacokinet 1995; 29 Suppl. 1: 26-32
104. Andersen BB, Mikkelsen M, Vesterager A, et al. No influence of the antidepressant paroxetine on carbamazepine, valproate and phenytoin. Epilepsy Res 1991; 10 (2-3): 201
105. Rapeport WG, Williams SA, Muirhead DC, et al. Absence of a sertaline-mediated effect on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of carbamazepine. J Clin Psychiatry 1996; 57 Suppl. 1: 20-3
106. Caraco Y, Sheller J, Wood AJJ. Pharmacogenetic determination of the effects of codeine and prediction of drug interactions. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1996; 278 (3): 1165-74