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2 in 0.01 M sodium acetate, pH 5.0, were added and absorbance at 405 nm was measured.
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7 PFU/μl in 20% sucrose in PBS) were injected unilaterally dorsal to the SN at 0.5 μl/min at -5.3 mm AP, 1.8 mm ML, and -7.4 mm DV to the bregma. The needle was left in place for 5 min and withdrawn at 1 mm/min. 6-OHDA-HBr [16 μg of free base in 2.8 μl of ascorbic acid (0.2 mg/ml) in 0.9% saline] was injected unilaterally into the striatum at 0.5 μl/min at the same coordinates as FG. Rats were perfused with 100 ml of 0.9% saline followed by 300 ml of 4% paraformaldehyde in 0.1 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.4. After post-fix and cryoprotection, coronal sections were processed for TH immunofluorescence or TH immunocytochemistry with 1:1000 TH antibody (Chemicon, Temecula, CA). In addition, Ad lacZ transgene expression was followed by histochemistry with X-Gal [C. Cepko, in Molecular Neurobiological Techniques, A. A. Boulton, G. B. Baker, A. T. Campagnoni, Eds., vol. 16 of Neuromethods, A. A. Boulton and G. B. Baker, Eds. (Humana, Clifton, NJ, 1990), pp. 177-219.
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PCR products from the linear range of amplification were quantified from ethidium bromide-stained gels with NIH Image
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2. Tissue was sonicated in nine volumes of PBS, 0.1% Tween-20, 0.5% BSA, 2 mM EDTA, and protease inhibitors, then centrifuged at 40,000g for 12 min. The supernatant was used for GDNF (5) and β-Gal ELISA (5 Prime → 3 Prime, Boulder, CO), and RNA and DNA were isolated from the pellet with Tri Reagent (Molecular Research Center, Cincinnati, OH). RT-PCR and PCR with β-actin primers were performed as described (15), except that PCR conditions were 94°C for 30 s; 52°C for 45 s, and 72°C for 45 s. GDNF primers that recognize human, but not rat, GDNF(5′-GATAAACAAATGGCAGTGCT and 5′-AGCCTTCTATTTCTGGATAA) yielded a 269-base pair product with PCR conditions of 94°C for 30 s, 56°C for 45 s, and 72°C for 30 s. lacZ primers were as described [B. Lu, S. Gupta, H. Federoff, Hepatology 21, 752 (1995)]. PCR products from the linear range of amplification were quantified from ethidium bromide-stained gels with NIH Image.
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We thank R. Giuliano for assistance with cell culture, R. Anderson for assistance with preparation of viral stocks, J. Qian for neuropathological evaluation, and H. Federoff and W. Freed for their suggestions on the manuscript. Supported by NIH grants NS31957 (M.C.B.) and T32AG00107 (H.M.), the National Parkinson's Foundation, and Genetic Therapy, Inc.
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