메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 9, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 383-387

Molecular model for telomeric heterochromatin in yeast

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HISTONE H3; HISTONE H4; REPRESSOR PROTEIN;

EID: 0030990291     PISSN: 09550674     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0955-0674(97)80011-7     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (179)

References (42)
  • 1
    • 0000251397 scopus 로고
    • Das Heterochromatin der Moose
    • Title translation: The heterochromatin of moss
    • Heitz E: Das Heterochromatin der Moose. Jahrb Wiss Bot 1928, 69:762-818. [Title translation: The heterochromatin of moss.]
    • (1928) Jahrb Wiss Bot , vol.69 , pp. 762-818
    • Heitz, E.1
  • 2
    • 0026566417 scopus 로고
    • Histone H4 isoforms acetylated at specific lysine residues define individual chromosomes and chromatin domains in Drosophila polytene nuclei
    • Turner BM, Birley AJ, Lavender J: Histone H4 isoforms acetylated at specific lysine residues define individual chromosomes and chromatin domains in Drosophila polytene nuclei. Cell 1992, 69:375-384.
    • (1992) Cell , vol.69 , pp. 375-384
    • Turner, B.M.1    Birley, A.J.2    Lavender, J.3
  • 3
    • 0023815070 scopus 로고
    • Dosage-dependent modifiers of position effect variegation in Drosophila and a mass action model that explains their effects
    • Locke J, Kotarski MA, Tartof KD: Dosage-dependent modifiers of position effect variegation in Drosophila and a mass action model that explains their effects. Genetics 1988, 120:181-198.
    • (1988) Genetics , vol.120 , pp. 181-198
    • Locke, J.1    Kotarski, M.A.2    Tartof, K.D.3
  • 4
    • 0028304836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Silencers and domains of generalized repression
    • Loo S, Rine J: Silencers and domains of generalized repression. Science 1996, 264:1768-1771. In this study, the authors used restriction enzyme digestion of the HMR silent mating locus in isolated nuclei to show that this locus is selectively resistant to digestion. Resistance is independent of transcription and occurs throughout the locus. The E silencer element alone enables protection from digestion as much as do E and I elements together. Some protection from digestion also occurs outside the boundaries defined by E and I elements. Moreover, covalent linkage of HMR to the silencer element is not required to maintain the chromatin state indicative of heterochromatin.
    • (1996) Science , vol.264 , pp. 1768-1771
    • Loo, S.1    Rine, J.2
  • 5
    • 0029953722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficient transcriptional silencing in S. cerevisiae requires a heterochromatin histone acetylation pattern
    • Braunstein M, Sobel RE, Allis CD, Turner BM, Broach JR: Efficient transcriptional silencing in S. cerevisiae requires a heterochromatin histone acetylation pattern. Mol Cell Biol 1996, 16:4349-4356. Using antibodies specific for each of the H4 acetylated lysine residues (K5, K8, K12 and K16) to immunoprecipitate formaldehyde cross-linked yeast chromatin, the authors show that only K12 is not hypoacetylated in heterochromatin. This result illustrates the similarity of yeast heterochromatin with that of Drosophila melanogaster in which K12 is similarly acetylated.
    • (1996) Mol Cell Biol , vol.16 , pp. 4349-4356
    • Braunstein, M.1    Sobel, R.E.2    Allis, C.D.3    Turner, B.M.4    Broach, J.R.5
  • 7
    • 0025201982 scopus 로고
    • Position effect at S. cerevisiae telomeres: Reversible repression of pol II transcription
    • Gottschling DE, Aparicio OM, Billington BL, Zakian VA: Position effect at S. cerevisiae telomeres: reversible repression of pol II transcription. Cell 1990, 63:751-762.
    • (1990) Cell , vol.63 , pp. 751-762
    • Gottschling, D.E.1    Aparicio, O.M.2    Billington, B.L.3    Zakian, V.A.4
  • 8
    • 0024280881 scopus 로고
    • Extremely conserved histone H4 N terminus is dispensable for growth but essential for repressing the silent mating loci in yeast
    • Kayne PS, Kim UJ, Han M, Mullen JR, Yoshizaki F, Grunstein M: Extremely conserved histone H4 N terminus is dispensable for growth but essential for repressing the silent mating loci in yeast Cell 1988, 55:27-39.
    • (1988) Cell , vol.55 , pp. 27-39
    • Kayne, P.S.1    Kim, U.J.2    Han, M.3    Mullen, J.R.4    Yoshizaki, F.5    Grunstein, M.6
  • 9
    • 0025900189 scopus 로고
    • Modifiers of position effect are shared between telomeric and silent mating-type loci in S. cerevisiae
    • Aparacio OM, Billington BL, Gottschling DE: Modifiers of position effect are shared between telomeric and silent mating-type loci in S. cerevisiae. Cell 1991, 66:1279-1287.
    • (1991) Cell , vol.66 , pp. 1279-1287
    • Aparacio, O.M.1    Billington, B.L.2    Gottschling, D.E.3
  • 10
    • 0028234142 scopus 로고
    • The histone H3 amino terminus is required for both telomeric and silent mating locus repression in yeast
    • Thompson JS, Ling X, Grunstein M: The histone H3 amino terminus is required for both telomeric and silent mating locus repression in yeast Nature 1994, 369:245-247.
    • (1994) Nature , vol.369 , pp. 245-247
    • Thompson, J.S.1    Ling, X.2    Grunstein, M.3
  • 11
    • 0028130685 scopus 로고
    • RAP1: A protean regulator in yeast
    • Shore D: RAP1: a protean regulator in yeast Trends Genet 1994, 10:408-412.
    • (1994) Trends Genet , vol.10 , pp. 408-412
    • Shore, D.1
  • 12
    • 0026563895 scopus 로고
    • Saccharomyces telomeres assume a non-nucleosomal chromatin structure
    • Wright JH, Gottschling DE, Zakian VA: Saccharomyces telomeres assume a non-nucleosomal chromatin structure. Genes Dev 1992, 6:197-210.
    • (1992) Genes Dev , vol.6 , pp. 197-210
    • Wright, J.H.1    Gottschling, D.E.2    Zakian, V.A.3
  • 13
    • 0025881033 scopus 로고
    • Separation of transcriptional activation and silencing functions of the RAP1-encoded repressor/activator protein 1: Isolation of viable mutants affecting both silencing and telomere length
    • Sussel L, Shore D: Separation of transcriptional activation and silencing functions of the RAP1-encoded repressor/activator protein 1: isolation of viable mutants affecting both silencing and telomere length. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1991, 88:7749-7753.
    • (1991) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.88 , pp. 7749-7753
    • Sussel, L.1    Shore, D.2
  • 14
    • 0027326367 scopus 로고
    • RAP1 and telomere structure regulate telomere position effects in S. cerevisiae
    • Kyrion G, Liu K, Liu C, Lustig AJ: RAP1 and telomere structure regulate telomere position effects in S. cerevisiae. Genes Dev 1993, 7:1146-1159.
    • (1993) Genes Dev , vol.7 , pp. 1146-1159
    • Kyrion, G.1    Liu, K.2    Liu, C.3    Lustig, A.J.4
  • 15
    • 0025736044 scopus 로고
    • Yeast histone H4 N-terminal sequence is required for promoter activation in vivo
    • Durrin LK, Mann RK, Kayne PS, Grunstein M: Yeast histone H4 N-terminal sequence is required for promoter activation in vivo. Cell 1991, 65:1023-1031.
    • (1991) Cell , vol.65 , pp. 1023-1031
    • Durrin, L.K.1    Mann, R.K.2    Kayne, P.S.3    Grunstein, M.4
  • 16
    • 0027184524 scopus 로고
    • Silent domains are assembled continuously from the telomere and are defined by promoter distance and strength, and by SIR3 dosage
    • Renauld H, Aparicio OM, Zierath PD, Billington BL, Chhablani SK, Gottschling DE: Silent domains are assembled continuously from the telomere and are defined by promoter distance and strength, and by SIR3 dosage. Genes Dev 1993, 7:1133-1145.
    • (1993) Genes Dev , vol.7 , pp. 1133-1145
    • Renauld, H.1    Aparicio, O.M.2    Zierath, P.D.3    Billington, B.L.4    Chhablani, S.K.5    Gottschling, D.E.6
  • 17
    • 0027192267 scopus 로고
    • Transcriptional silencing in yeast is associated with reduced nucleosome acetylation
    • Braunstein M, Rose AB, Holmes SG, Allis CD, Broach JR: Transcriptional silencing in yeast is associated with reduced nucleosome acetylation. Genes Dev 1993, 7:592-604.
    • (1993) Genes Dev , vol.7 , pp. 592-604
    • Braunstein, M.1    Rose, A.B.2    Holmes, S.G.3    Allis, C.D.4    Broach, J.R.5
  • 18
    • 0024536650 scopus 로고
    • A new role for a yeast transcriptional silencer gene, SIR2, in regulation of recombination of ribosomal DNA
    • Gottlieb S, Esposito RE: A new role for a yeast transcriptional silencer gene, SIR2, in regulation of recombination of ribosomal DNA. Cell 1989, 56:771-776.
    • (1989) Cell , vol.56 , pp. 771-776
    • Gottlieb, S.1    Esposito, R.E.2
  • 19
    • 0024959918 scopus 로고
    • Transcriptional silencing and lamins
    • Diffley JF, Stillmann B: Transcriptional silencing and lamins. Nature 1989, 324:24.
    • (1989) Nature , vol.324 , pp. 24
    • Diffley, J.F.1    Stillmann, B.2
  • 20
    • 0029895167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influences of the cell cycle on silencing
    • Fox CA, Rine J: Influences of the cell cycle on silencing. Curr Opin Cell Biol 1996, 8:354-357.
    • (1996) Curr Opin Cell Biol , vol.8 , pp. 354-357
    • Fox, C.A.1    Rine, J.2
  • 22
    • 0028004378 scopus 로고
    • Evidence that a complex of SIR proteins interacts with the silencer and telomere binding protein RAP1
    • Moretti P, Freeman K, Coodly L, Shore D: Evidence that a complex of SIR proteins interacts with the silencer and telomere binding protein RAP1. Genes Dev 1994, 8:2257-2269.
    • (1994) Genes Dev , vol.8 , pp. 2257-2269
    • Moretti, P.1    Freeman, K.2    Coodly, L.3    Shore, D.4
  • 23
    • 0028941966 scopus 로고
    • Action of a RAP1 carboxy-terminal silencing domain reveals an underlying competition between HMR and telomeres in yeast
    • Buck SW, Shore D: Action of a RAP1 carboxy-terminal silencing domain reveals an underlying competition between HMR and telomeres in yeast Genes Dev 1995, 9:370-384. Fusion of the RAP1 carboxyl terminus alone to the GAL4 DNA-binding domain can allow silencing adjacent to GAL4-binding sites that replace HMR silencer elements. This silencing requires SIR2, SIR3 and SIR4, arguing that RAP1 recruits the SIR complex to RAP1 -recognition sequences.
    • (1995) Genes Dev , vol.9 , pp. 370-384
    • Buck, S.W.1    Shore, D.2
  • 25
    • 0025940629 scopus 로고
    • The two-hybrid system: A method to identify and clone genes for proteins that interact with a protein of interest
    • Chien C-T, Bartel PL, Sternglanz R, Fields S: The two-hybrid system: a method to identify and clone genes for proteins that interact with a protein of interest Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1991, 88:9578-9582.
    • (1991) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.88 , pp. 9578-9582
    • Chien, C.-T.1    Bartel, P.L.2    Sternglanz, R.3    Fields, S.4
  • 26
    • 0031027431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SIR2 and SIR4 interactions differ in core and extended telomeric heterochromatin in yeast
    • ••]) are both physically bound to heterochromatin at the silent HM loci and at the same distance from the telomere. These data argue that the SIR complex spreads to approximately 2-4 kb from the telomere, coincident with the spreading of TPE. Surprisingly, RAP1 is found at all sites at which the SIR proteins are also present in core telomeric heterochromatin, suggesting that the RAP1-containing telosome folds back onto sites containing SIR proteins and histone H4. When SIR3 is overexpressed, SIR4 and SIR2 binding appears to be decreased from most sites at the telomere and RAP1 does not spread, suggesting that TPE is extended largely by SIR3 spreading in these constructs.
    • (1997) Genes Dev , vol.11 , pp. 83-93
    • Strahl-Bolsinger, S.1    Hecht, H.2    Luo, K.3    Grunstein, M.4
  • 27
    • 0028919756 scopus 로고
    • Histone H3 and H4 N-termini interact with the silent information regulators Sir3 and Sir4: A model for the formation of heterochromatin in yeast
    • Hecht A, Laroche T, Strahl-Bolsinger S, Gasser SM, Grunstein M: Histone H3 and H4 N-termini interact with the silent information regulators Sir3 and Sir4: a model for the formation of heterochromatin in yeast Cell 1995, 80:583-592. The H3 and H4 amino termini fused to GST are shown to interact in vitro with labeled SIR3 and SIR4 proteins. Only the regions containing the domains of H3 and H4 that are involved in silencing heterochromatin interact with the SIR proteins. The amino termini of H2A and H2B are not involved in telomeric or HM silencing and do not bind SIR proteins.
    • (1995) Cell , vol.80 , pp. 583-592
    • Hecht, A.1    Laroche, T.2    Strahl-Bolsinger, S.3    Gasser, S.M.4    Grunstein, M.5
  • 28
    • 0029820640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The clustering of telomeres and their colocalization with Rapl, Sir3 and Sir4 proteins in wild-type S. cerevisiae
    • Gotta M, Laroche T, Formenton A, Maillet L, Shertan H, Gasser SM: The clustering of telomeres and their colocalization with Rapl, Sir3 and Sir4 proteins in wild-type S. cerevisiae. J Cell Biol 1996, 134:1349-1363. Indirect immunofluorescence is used to show that SIR3, SIR4 and RAP1 colocalize in certain foci near the nuclear periphery. That these sites are telomeric is shown by hybridization to these foci of Y′ subtelomeric DNA sequence probes.
    • (1996) J Cell Biol , vol.134 , pp. 1349-1363
    • Gotta, M.1    Laroche, T.2    Formenton, A.3    Maillet, L.4    Shertan, H.5    Gasser, S.M.6
  • 29
    • 0027423154 scopus 로고
    • SIR3 and SIR4 proteins are required for the positioning and integrity of yeast telomeres
    • Palladino F, Laroche T, Gilson E, Axelrod A, Pillus L, Gasser SM: SIR3 and SIR4 proteins are required for the positioning and integrity of yeast telomeres. Cell 1993, 75:543-555.
    • (1993) Cell , vol.75 , pp. 543-555
    • Palladino, F.1    Laroche, T.2    Gilson, E.3    Axelrod, A.4    Pillus, L.5    Gasser, S.M.6
  • 30
    • 0029048189 scopus 로고
    • The carboxy termini of Sir4 and Rap1 affect Sir3 localization: Evidence for a multicomponent complex required for yeast telomeric silencing
    • Cockell M, Palladino F, Laroche T, Kyrion G, Liu C, Lustig AJ, Gasser SM: The carboxy termini of Sir4 and Rap1 affect Sir3 localization: evidence for a multicomponent complex required for yeast telomeric silencing. J Cell Biol 1995, 129:909-924. RAP1 and SIR4 are shown to coimmunoprecipitate from nuclear extracts when either anti-RAP1 or anti-SIR4 antibodies are used.
    • (1995) J Cell Biol , vol.129 , pp. 909-924
    • Cockell, M.1    Palladino, F.2    Laroche, T.3    Kyrion, G.4    Liu, C.5    Lustig, A.J.6    Gasser, S.M.7
  • 31
    • 0029817763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spreading of transcriptional repression by SIR3 from telomeric heterochromatin
    • Hecht A, Strahl-Bolsinger S, Grunstein M: Spreading of transcriptional repression by SIR3 from telomeric heterochromatin. Nature 1996, 383:92-96. Immunoprecipitation of a SIR3 derivative precipitates RAP1, SIR4 and all four core histones. The use of formaldehyde cross-linking is used to show that SIR3 interacts physically with regions containing heterochromatin. It is also shown that, upon SIR3 overexpression, SIR3 spreads approximately as far as the TPE is extended by SIR3. Histone H4 mutations that prevent silencing also prevent the interaction of SIR3 with chromatin. In addition, H4 mutations prevent the interaction of SIR3 with RAP1, and a RAP1 silencing mutation decreases the interaction of SIR3 with chromatin, suggesting the interdependence of a RAP1-SIR3-H4 complex.
    • (1996) Nature , vol.383 , pp. 92-96
    • Hecht, A.1    Strahl-Bolsinger, S.2    Grunstein, M.3
  • 32
    • 0030598895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A deubiquitinating enzyme interacts with SIR4 and regulates silencing in S. cerevisiae
    • Moazed D, Johnson AD: A deubiquitinating enzyme interacts with SIR4 and regulates silencing in S. cerevisiae. Cell 1996, 86:667-677. Protein affinity chromatography was used to show that SIR2 and SIR3 interact with SIR4.
    • (1996) Cell , vol.86 , pp. 667-677
    • Moazed, D.1    Johnson, A.D.2
  • 33
    • 0025002966 scopus 로고
    • Genetic evidence for an interaction between SIR3 and histone H4 in the repression of the silent mating loci in S. cerevisiae
    • Johnson LM, Kayne PS, Kahn ES, Grunstein M: Genetic evidence for an interaction between SIR3 and histone H4 in the repression of the silent mating loci in S. cerevisiae. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1990, 87:6286-6290.
    • (1990) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.87 , pp. 6286-6290
    • Johnson, L.M.1    Kayne, P.S.2    Kahn, E.S.3    Grunstein, M.4
  • 34
    • 0030009208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic analysis of Rap1/Sir3 interactions in telomeric and HML silencing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    • Liu C, Lustig AJ: Genetic analysis of Rap1/Sir3 interactions in telomeric and HML silencing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics 1996, 143:81-93. A SIR3 mutation (Asp205→Asn) has previously been shown to suppress the HML silencing defect of a histone H4 mutation [33]. The RAP1 carboxyterminal 165 amino acids are required for this suppression, suggesting an interaction between RAP1, SIR3 and H4.
    • (1996) Genetics , vol.143 , pp. 81-93
    • Liu, C.1    Lustig, A.J.2
  • 35
    • 0027955138 scopus 로고
    • Specific repression of the yeast silent mating type locus HMR by an adjacent telomere
    • Thompson JS, Johnson LM, Grunstein M: Specific repression of the yeast silent mating type locus HMR by an adjacent telomere. Mol Biol Cell 1994, 14:446-455.
    • (1994) Mol Biol Cell , vol.14 , pp. 446-455
    • Thompson, J.S.1    Johnson, L.M.2    Grunstein, M.3
  • 36
    • 0029746494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for silencing compartments within the yeast nucleus: A role for telomere proximity and Sir protein concentration in silencer-mediated repression
    • Maillet L, Boscheron C, Gotta M, Marcand S, Gilson E, Gasser SM: Evidence for silencing compartments within the yeast nucleus: a role for telomere proximity and Sir protein concentration in silencer-mediated repression. Genes Dev 1996, 10:1796-1811.
    • (1996) Genes Dev , vol.10 , pp. 1796-1811
    • Maillet, L.1    Boscheron, C.2    Gotta, M.3    Marcand, S.4    Gilson, E.5    Gasser, S.M.6
  • 37
    • 0026623241 scopus 로고
    • A RAP1-interacting protein involved in transcriptional silencing and telomere length regulation
    • Hardy CF, Sussel L, Shore D: A RAP1-interacting protein involved in transcriptional silencing and telomere length regulation. Genes Dev 1992, 6:801-814.
    • (1992) Genes Dev , vol.6 , pp. 801-814
    • Hardy, C.F.1    Sussel, L.2    Shore, D.3
  • 40
    • 0030465738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence that the transcriptional regulators SIN3 and RPD3 and a novel gene (SDS3) with similar functions, are involved in transcriptional silencing in S. cerevisiae
    • •].
    • (1996) Genetics , vol.144 , pp. 1343-1353
    • Vannier, D.1    Balderes, D.2    Shore, D.3
  • 41
    • 0028841317 scopus 로고
    • The SIR2 gene family, conserved from bacteria to humans, functions in silencing, cell cycle progression, and chromosome stability
    • Brachmann C, Sherman JM, Devine SE, Cameron EE, Pillus L, Boeke J: The SIR2 gene family, conserved from bacteria to humans, functions in silencing, cell cycle progression, and chromosome stability. Genes Dev 1995, 9:2888-2902. Four homologs of SIR2 (HST genes) have been discovered in S. cerevisiae. Some of these HST genes can function in silencing. For example, HST1 overexpression allows silencing in the absence of SIR2. In addition, SIR2 homologs have been discovered in the prokaryote Staphylococcus aureus, a number of other yeasts including fission yeast, Caenorhabditis elegans, rodents and humans.
    • (1995) Genes Dev , vol.9 , pp. 2888-2902
    • Brachmann, C.1    Sherman, J.M.2    Devine, S.E.3    Cameron, E.E.4    Pillus, L.5    Boeke, J.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.