Influences of the cell cycle on silencing

Current Opinion in Cell Biology

Volumn 8, Issue 3, 1996, Pages 354-357

  Fox, Catherine Anne ^a   Rine, Jasper ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CELL CYCLE; CELL CYCLE PHASE; CELL CYCLE S PHASE; CHROMATIN; CHROMATIN STRUCTURE; GENE LOCUS; GENE REPRESSION; GENOME; GENOME IMPRINTING; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE; SHORT SURVEY;

MAMMALIA; SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE;

EID: 0029895167     PISSN: 09550674     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0955-0674(96)80009-3     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Laurenson P, Rine J: Silencers, silencing, and heritable transcription states. Microbiol Rev 1992, 56:543-560.
2. Loo S, Rine J: Silencing and heritable domains of gene •• expression. Annu Rev Cell Biol 1995, 11:519-548. A recent and thorough review of silencing with a discussion of the role of silencer-binding proteins, including ORC, in silencing. This review elaborates the view of silencing as containing three distinct phases: establishment, maintenance, and inheritance. The view that these phases are mechanistically distinct is challenged by some recent data discussed in our review.
3. Miller AM, Nasmyth KA: A role for DNA replication in the repression of silent mating-type loci in yeast. Nature 1984, 312:247-251.
4. Rivier D, Rine J: An origin of DNA replication and a transcriptional silencer require a common element. Science 1992, 256:659-663.
5. Axelrod A, Rine J: A role for CDC7 in repression of transcription at the silent mating-type locus HMR in Saccheromyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol 1991, 11:1080-1091.
6. Foss M, McNally FJ, Laurenson P, Rine J: Origin recognition complex in transcriptional silencing and DNA replication in S. cerevisiae. Science 1993, 262:1838-1844.
7. Micklem G, Rowley A, Harwood J, Nasmyth K, Diffley JFX: Yeast origin recognition complex is involved in DNA replication and transcriptional silencing. Nature 1993, 366:87-89.
8. Loo S, Fox CA, Rine J, Kobayashi R, Stillman B, Bell S: The origin • recognition complex in silencing, cell cycle progression, and DNA replication. Mol Biol Cell 1995, 6:741-756. This paper reports the isolation of the orc5-1 mutation and the ORC5 gene. orc5-1 causes defects in transcriptional silencing at HML and at HMR. The elevated loss of plasmids in orc5-1 mutants can be suppressed by additional origins of replication in the plasmid.
9. Bell S, Stillman B: ATP-dependent recognition of eukaryotic origins of DNA replication by a multiprotein complex. Nature 1992, 357:128-134.
10. Fox CA, Loo S, Dillin A, Rine J: The origin recognition complex •• has essential functions in transcriptional silencing and chromosomal replication. Genes Dev 1995, 9:911-924. As measured by physical assays for DNA replication intermediates, both orc2-1 and orc5-1 cause initiation defects at specific chromosomal origins in yeast. Significantly, ORC is shown to have functions in silencing that are separable from its functions in replication.
11. Liang C, Weinreich M, Stillman B: ORC and Cdc6p interact and • determine the frequency of initiation of DNA replication in the genome. Cell 1995, 81:667-676. This paper demonstrates that both orc2-1 and orc5-1 mutations cause defects in initiation at specific origins in yeast.
12. Pillus L, Rine J: Epigenetic inheritance of transcriptional states in S. cerevisiae. Cell 1989, 59:637-647.
13. Rivier DH, Rine J: Silencing: the establishment and inheritance of stable, repressed transcription states. Curr Opin Genet Dev 1992, 2:286-292.
14. Fox CA, Loo S, Rivier DH, Foss MA, Rine J: A transcriptional silencer as a specialized origin of replication that establishes functional domains of chromatin. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 1993, 58:443-455.
15. Terleth C, Van Sluis CA, Van De Putte P: Differential repair of UV damage in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nucleic Acids Res 1989, 17:4433-4439.
16. Terleth C, Waters R, Brouwer J, Van De Putte P: Differential repair of UV damage in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is cell cycle dependent. EMBO J 1990, 9:2899-2904.
17. Gottschling DE, Aparicio OM, Billington BL, Zakian VA: Position effect at S. cerevisiae telomeres: reversible repression of pol II transcription. Cell 1990, 63:751-762.
18. 2→M phase of the cell cycle.
19. Mahoney DJ, Marquardt R, Shei G, Rose A, Broach J: Mutations in the HML-E silencer of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yield metastable inheritance of transcriptional repression. Genes Dev 1991, 5:605-615.
20. Sussel L, Vannier D, Shore D: Epigenetic switching of transcriptional states: cis- and trans-acting factors affecting the establishment of silencing at the HMR locus in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mo lCell Biol 1993, 13:3919-3928.
21. 2→M phase, by using either inhibitors or mutations, suppresses certain silencing defects at HMR. This study also shows that pertubations in the cell cycle can increase the efficiency of telomeric silencing.
22. Sussel L, Vannier D, Shore D: Suppressors of defective silencing in yeast: effects on transcriptional repression at the HMR locus, cell growth, and telomere structure. Genetics 1995, 141:873-888.
23. Hecht A, Laroche T, Strahl-Bolsinger S, Gasser SM, Grunstein M: • Histone H3 and H4 N-termini interact with Sir3 and Sir4 proteins: a molecular model for the formation of heterochromatin in yeast. Cell 1995, 80:583-592. Bacterially expressed histone H3 and H4 amino termini can interact physically with the Sir3 and Sir4 proteins in vitro.
24. Stone EM, Swanson MJ, Romeo AM, Hicks JB, Sternglanz R: The SIR1 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its role as an extragenic suppressor of several mating-defective mutants. Mol Cell Biol 1991, 11:2253-2262.
25. Renuald H, Aparicio OM, Zierath PD, Billington BL, Chhablani SK, Gottschling DE: Silent domains are assembled continuously from the telomere and are defined by promoter distance and strength, and by SIR3 dosage. Genes Dev 1993, 7:1133-1145.
26. 2→M and G1 phases of the cell cycle may reflect the formation of a pre-replicative complex.
27. Cocker JH, Piatti S, Santocanale C, Nasmyth K, Diffley JFX: An essential role for the Cdc6 protein in forming the pre-replicative complexes of budding yeast. Nature 1996, 379:180-182.