Elevated γ-aminobutyric acid, glutamate, and vascular endothelial growth factor levels in the vitreous of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy

Archives of Ophthalmology

Volumn 115, Issue 9, 1997, Pages 1161-1166

  Ambati, Jayakristma ^a   Chalam, Kaharla V ^a   Chawala, Dinesh K ^a   D'Angio, Carl T ^a   Guillet, Ernest G ^b   Rose, Steven J ^b   Vanderlinde, Robert E ^c   Ambati, Balamurali K ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c BETH ISRAEL MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

4 AMINOBUTYRIC ACID; GLUTAMIC ACID; HEMOGLOBIN; VASCULOTROPIN;

ADULT; AGED; AMINO ACID ANALYSIS; ARTICLE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIABETES MELLITUS; DIABETIC RETINOPATHY; ENZYME LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY; FEMALE; HEMOGLOBIN DETERMINATION; HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; HUMAN; MALE; OSCILLATORY POTENTIAL; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RETINA AMACRINE CELL; RETINA GANGLION CELL; RETINA ISCHEMIA; SPECTROPHOTOMETRY; VENOUS BLOOD; VITREOUS BODY; VITREOUS HEMORRHAGE;

EID: 0030987654     PISSN: 00039950     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1001/archopht.1997.01100160331011     Document Type: Article

References (72)

1. Klein R, Klein BEK. Vision disorders in diabetes. Diabetes in America: Diabetes Data Compiled 1984. Bethesda, Md: National Diabetes Data Group, US Dept of Health and Human Resources, Public Health Services, National Institute of Health, National Institute of Arthritis, Diabetes, and Digestive & Kidney Diseases; 1985;13:1-36. US Dept of Health and Human Services publication 85-1468.
2. Prevent Blindness America. Vision Problems in the US: A Report on Blindness and Vision Impairment in Adults Age 40 and O/der. Schaumburg, 111: Prevent Blindness America; 1994.
3. Ashton N. Studies of the retinal capillaries in relation to diabetic and other retinopathies. Br J Ophthalmol. 1963:47:521-528.
4. Kohner E, Henkind P. Correlation of fluorescein angiogram and retinal digest in diabetic retinopathy. Am J Ophthalmol. 1970;69:403-414.
5. Bresnick GH, Davis MD, Myers FL, de Venecia G. Clinicopathologic correlations in diabetic retinopathy, II: clinical and histologie appearances of retinal capillary microaneurysms. Arch Ophtha/mol. 1977;95:1215-1220.
6. Michaelson 1C. The mode of development of the vascular system of the retina, with some observations on its significance for certain retinal diseases. Trans Ophthalmol Soc U K. 1948;68:137-180.
7. Wise GN. Retinal neovascularization. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc. 1956:54:729-826.
8. Ashton N. Retinal neovascularization in health and disease. Am J Ophthalmol. 1957:44:7-24.
9. Senger DR, GalliSJ, Dvorak AM, Perruzzi CA, Harvey VE, Dvorak HF. Tumor cells secrete a vascular permeability factor that promotes accumulation of ascites fluid. Science. 1983:219:983-985.
10. Ferrara N, Henzel WJ. Pituitary follicular cells secrete a novel heparin-binding growth factor specific for vascular endothelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1989:161:851 -858.
11. Pierce EA, Avery RL, Foley ED, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular permeability factor expression in a mouse model of retinal neovascularization. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1995:92:905-909.
12. Miller JW, Adamis AP, Shima DT, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor/ vascular permeability factor is temporally and spatially correlated with ocular angiogenesis in a primate model. AmJPathol. 1994;145:574-584.
13. Stone J, Chan-Ling T, Pe'er J, Itin A, Gnessin H, Keshet E. Roles of vascular endothelial growth factor and astrocyte degeneration in the genesis of retinopathy of prematurity. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sei. 1996:37:290-299.
14. Adamis AP, Shima DT, Tolentino MJ, et al. Inhibition of vascular endottielial growth factor prevents retinal ischemia-associated iris neovascularization in a nonhuman primate. Arch Ophthalmol. 1996;114:66-71.
15. Aiello LP, Pierce EA, Foley ED, et al. Suppression of retinal neovascularization in vivo by inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) using soluble VEGF-receptor chimeric proteins. Proc Nail Acad Sei USAA 995;92: 10457-10461.
16. Robinson GS, Pierce EA, Rook SL, Foley E, Webb R, Smith LEH. Oligodeoxynucleotides inhibit retinal neovascularization in a murine model of proliferative retinopathy. Proc Natl Acad Sei U S A. 1996:93:4851-4856.
17. Aiello LP, Avery RL, Arrigg PG, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor in ocular fluid of patients with diabetic retinopathy and other retinal disorders. N Engl JMed. 1994:331:1480-1487.
18. Adamis AP, Miller JW, Bernai M-T, et al. Increased vascular endothelial growth factor in the vitreous of eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Am J Ophthalmol. 1994:118:445-450.
19. Malecaze F, Clames S, Simorre-Pinatel V, et al. Detection of vascular endothelial growth factor-like activity in proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Arch Ophthalmol. 1994:112:1476-1482.
20. Pe'er J, Folberg R, Itin A, Gnessin H, Memo I, Keshet E. Upregulated expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Br J Ophthalmol. 1996:80:241-245.
21. Choi DW. Glutamate neurotoxicity and diseases of the nervous system. Neuron. 1988:1:623-634.
22. Lipton SA, Rosenberg PA. Excitatory amino acids as a final common pathway for neurologic disorders. NEnglJMed. 1994:330:613-622.
23. Lucas DR, Newhouse JP. The toxic effect of sodium L-glutamate on the inner layers of the retina. Arch Ophthalmol. 1957;58:193-201.
24. Olney JW. Glutamate-induced retinal degeneration in neonatal mice: electron microscopy of the acutely evolving lesion. JNeuropatholExpNeurol. 1969;28:455-474.
25. Hansson HA. Ultrastructural studies on the long-term effects of sodium glutamate on the rat retina. VirchowsArch. 1970:6:1-11.
26. Lund Karlsen RF, Fonnum F. The toxic effect of sodium glutamate on rat retina: changes in putative transmitters and corresponding enzymes. JNeurochem. 1976; 27:1437-1441.
27. Vorwerk CK. Lipton SA, Zurakowski D, Hyman BT, Sabel BA, Dreyer EB. Chronic low-dose glutamate is toxic to retinal ganglion cells: toxicity blocked by memantine. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sei. 1996:37:1618-1624.
28. Sisk DR, Kuwabara T. Histologie changes in the inner retina of albino rats following intravitreal injection of monosodium L-glutamate. GraefesArch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 1985:223:250-258.
29. Sattayasai J, Ehrlich D. Morphology of quisqualate-induced neurotoxicity in the chicken retina. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sei. 1987:28:106-117.
30. Hahn JS, Aizenman E, Lipton SA. Central mammalian neurons normally resistant to glutamate toxicity are made sensitive to elevated extracellular Ca: toxicity is blocked by the W-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist MK-801. Proc Natl Acad Sei USA 1988:85:6556-6560.
31. Sheppard AM, Konopka M, Robinson SR, Morgan IG, Jeffrey PL. Thy-1 antigen is specific to ganglion cells in chicks. Neurosci Lett. 1991:123:87-90.
32. Yoon YH, Marmor MF. Dextromethorphan protects retina against ischemic injury in vivo. Arch Ophthalmol. 1989;107:409-411.
33. Vorwerk CK, Kreutz MR, Dreyer EB, Sabel BA. Systemic L-kynurenine administration partially protects against NMDA, but not kainate-induced degeneration of retinal ganglion cells, and reduces visual discrimination deficits in adult rats. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sei. 1996:37:2382-2392.
34. Bresnick GH. Excitotoxins: a possible new mechanism for the pathogenesis of ischemic retinal damage. Arch Ophthalmol. 1989:107:339-341.
35. Dreyer EB, Zurakowski D, Schumer RA, Podos SM, Lipton SA. Elevated glutamate levels in the vitreous body of humans and monkeys with glaucoma. Arch Ophthalmol. 1996:114:299-305.
36. Neal MJ, Cunningham JR, Hutson PH, Hogg J. Effects of ischemia on neurotransmitter release from the isolated retina. JNeurochem. 1994:62:1025-1033.
37. Cunningham JR, Neal MJ. Effect of excitatory amino acids and analogues on [3H]acetylcholine release from amacrine cells of the rabbit retina. JPhysiol. 1985; 366:47-62.
38. Osbome NN, Herrera AJ. The effect of experimental ischemia and excitatory amino acid agonists on the GABA and serotonin immunoreactivities in the rabbit retina. Neuroscience. 1994;59:1071-1081.
39. Osborne NN, Wood J, Muller A. The influence of experimental ischemia on protein kinase C and the GABAergic system in the rabbit retina. Neuropharmacology. 1995:34:1279-1288.
40. Bamett NL, Osborne NN. Redistribution of GABA immunoreactivity following central retinal artery occlusion. Brain Res. 1995:677:337-340.
41. Osborne NN, Schwarz M, Pergande G. Protection of rabbit retina from ischemie injury by flupirtine. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Scl. 1996:37:274-280.
42. Bresnick GH, Palta M. Oscillatory potential amplitudes: relation to severity of diabetic retinopathy. Arch Ophthalmol. 1987:105:929-933.
43. Bresnick GH, Palta M. Predicting progression to severe diabetic retinopathy. Arch Ophthalmol. 1987:105:810-814.
44. Ishikawa A, Ishiguro S, Tamai M. Changes in GABA metabolism in streptozotocininduced diabetic rat retinas. CurrEyeRes. 1996:15:63-71.
45. Wachtmeister L, Dowling JE. The oscillatory potentials of the mudpuppy retina. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sei. 1978:17:1176-1188.
46. Crooks J, Kolb H. Localization of GABA, glycine, glutamate and tyrosine hydroxylase in human retina. J Comp Neurol. 1992:315:287-302.
47. Heynen H, Wachtmeister L, van Norren D. Origin of the oscillatory potentials in the primate retina. Vision Res. 1985:25:1365-1373.
48. Houck KA, Lung DW, Rowland AM, Winer J, Ferrara N. Dual regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor bioavailability by genetic and proteolytic mechanisms. JBiolChem. 1992:267:26031-26037.
49. Cohen J. Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum;1988.
50. Takano S, Yoshii Y, Kondo S, et al. Concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor in the serum and tumor tissue of brain tumor patients. Cancer fies. 1996; 56:2185-2190.
51. R&D Systems. Quantikine Technical Manual. Minneapolis, Minn: R&D Systems; 1996.
52. Wolter JR. Diabetic retinopathy. Am J Ophthalmol. 1961:51:1123-1140.
53. Lee PF. Clinical and histologie findings in diabetic retinopathy. Am J Ophthalmol. 1968:65:688-695.
54. Di Leo MA, Caputo S, Falsini B, Porciatti V, Greco AV, Ghirlanda G. Presence and further development of retinal dysfunction after 3-year follow up in IDDM patients without angiographically documented vasculopathy. Diabetologica. 1994; 37:911-916.
55. Prager TC, Garcia ÇA, Mincher CA, Mishra J, Chu HH. The pattern electroretinogram in diabetes. Am J Ophthalmol. 1990;109:279-284.
56. Wells JA, Murthy R, Chibber R, et al. Levels of vascular endothelial growth factor are elevated in the vitreous of patients with subretinal neovascularization. Br J Ophthalmol. 1996:80:363-366.
57. Green WR. Systemic diseases with retinal involvement. In: Spencer WH, ed. Ophthalmic Pathology. Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders Co; 1996:2:1126.
58. Hagberg H, Thornberg E, Blennow M. et al. Excitatory amino acids in the cerebrospinal fluid of asphyxiated infants: relationship to hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Acta Paediatrica. 1993:82:925-929.
59. Shaw PJ, Forrest V, Ince PG, Richardson JP, Wastell HJ. CSF and plasma amino acid levels in motor neuron disease: elevation of glutamate in a subset of patients. Neurodegeneration. 1995;4:209-216.
60. Kanthan R, Shuaib A. Clinical evaluation of extracellular amino acids in severe head trauma by intracerebral in vivo microdialysis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1995:59:326-327.
61. Castillo J, Davalos A, Naveiro J, Noya M. Neuroexcitatory amino acids and their relation to infarct size and neurological deficit in ischemie stroke. Stroke. 1996; 27:1060-1065.
62. Castillo J, Davalos A, Noya M. Progression of ischaemic stroke and excitotoxic amino acids. Lancet. 1997:349:79-83.
63. Svenneby G, Torgner IA. Localization and function of glutamine synthetase and glutaminase. Biochem Soc Trans. 1987;15:213-215.
64. '64. Reddy DVN. Distribution of free amino acids and related compounds in ocular fluids, lens, and plasma of various mammalian species. Invest Ophthalmol. 1967; 6:478-483.
65. Pe'er J, Schweiki D, Itin A, Memo I, Gnessin H, Keshet E. Hypoxia-induced expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by retinal cells is a common factor in neovascularizing ocular disease. Lab Invest. 1995:72:638-645.
66. Stone J, Itin A, AlonT, et al. Development of retinal vasculature is mediated by hypoxia-induced vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression by neuroglia. J Neumsci. 1995;15:4738-4747.
67. Amin RH, Frank RN, Kennedy A, Eliott D, Puklin JE, Abrams GW. Vascular endothelial growth factor is present in glial cells of the retina and optic nerve of human subjects with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sei. 1997:38:36-47.
68. Bullock R. Strategies for neuroprotection with glutamate antagonists: extrapolating from evidence taken from the first stroke and head injury studies. Ann N Y Acad Sei. 1995;765:272-278.
69. Tolentino MJ, Miller JW, Gragoudas ES, et al. Intravitreous injections of vascular endothelial growth factor produce retinal ischemia and microangiopathy in an adult primate. Ophthalmology. 1996:103:1820-1828.
70. Kirn KJ, Li B, Winer J, et al. Inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor-induced angiogenesis suppresses tumour growth in vivo. Nature. 1993:362:841-844.
71. Sivalingam A, Kenney GC, Brown WE, Benson L, Donoso L Basic fibroblast growth factor levels in the vitreous of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Arch Ophthalmol. 1990:108:869-872.
72. Chen HSV, Pellegrini JW, Aggarwal SK, Lei SZ, Warach S. Open channel block of /V-methyl D-aspartate (NMDA) responses by memantine: therapeutic advantage against NMDA receptor-mediated neurotoxicity. J Neurosa. 1992:12:4427-4436.