Oxidative stress in closed-head injury: Brain antioxidant capacity as an indicator of functional outcome

Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism

Volumn 17, Issue 10, 1997, Pages 1007-1019

  Shohami, Esther ^a,b   Beit Yannai, Elie ^a   Horowitz, Michal ^a   Kohen, Ron ^a  

^a HEBREW UNIVERSITY OF JERUSALEM   (Israel)

^b HEBREW UNIVERSITY OF JERUSALEM   (Israel)

Author keywords

Brain injury; Cerebroprotection; Oxidative stress; Reactive oxygen species

Indexed keywords

ANTIOXIDANT; ASCORBIC ACID; CANNABINOID; CHELATING AGENT; DEFEROXAMINE MESYLATE; DEXANABINOL; DIZOCILPINE; HISTIDINE DERIVATIVE; NITROXIDE DERIVATIVE; REACTIVE OXYGEN METABOLITE; SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE; THIOCTIC ACID; TOCOPHEROL; URATE;

BRAIN INJURY; BRAIN PROTECTION; CYCLIC POTENTIOMETRY; DRUG EFFECT; HEAD INJURY; NONHUMAN; OUTCOMES RESEARCH; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW;

EID: 0030770947     PISSN: 0271678X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00004647-199710000-00002     Document Type: Review

References (106)

1. Ames BN, Cathcart R, Schwiers E. Hochstein P (1981) Uric acid provides an antioxidant defense in humans against oxidant- and radical-caused aging and cancer: a hypothesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 73:6858-6862
2. Ames BN (1983) Dietary carcinogens and anticarcinogens. Science 221:1256-1264
3. Ames BN, Shigenaga MT, Hagen M (1993) Oxidants, antioxidants, and the degenerative diseases of aging. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90: 7915-7922
4. Amstad PA, Krupitza G, Cerutti PA (1992) Mechanism of c-fos induction by active oxygen. Cancer Res 52:3952-3960
5. Barja-de-Quiroga G, Lopez-Torres M, Perez-Campo R, Abelenda M, Paz-Nava M, Puerta ML (1991) Effect of cold acclimation on GSH, antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation in brown adipose tissue. Biochem J 277:289-292
6. Beit-Yannai E, Zhang R, Trembovler V, Samuni A, Shohami E. (1996a) Cerbroprotective effect of stable nitroxide radicals in closed head injury in the rat. Brain Res 717: 22-28
7. Beit-Yannai E, Trembovler V, Horowitz M, Kohen R, Shohami E (1996b) Neuroprotective properties of serum derived from heat acclimated rats: role of uric acid in the survival of PC 12 cells. Isr J Med Sci 32 (Suppl): S15, Fifth Annual meeting of the Israel Society of Neuroscience, Dec 1-4, Eilat, Israel
8. Beit-Yannai E, Kohen R, Horowitz M, Trembovler V, Shohami E (1997) Changes in biological reducing activity in rat brain following closed head injury: a cyclic voltammetry study in normal and acclimated rats. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 17:273-279
9. Benzie IFF, (1996) Lipid peroxidation: a review of causes, consequences, measurement and dietary influences, Intl J Food Sci Nutr 47:233-262
10. Benzie IFF, Strain JJ, (1996) Uric acid: friend or foe? Redox Report 2:231-234
11. Boldyrv AA, Dupin A, Bunin YA, Babizhaev MA, Severin E. (1987) The antioxidative properties of carnosine, a natural histidine containing dipeptide. Biochem International 15:1105-1113
12. Brewer HB, Jr, Gregg RE, Hoeg JM (1989) Apolipoproteins, lipoproteins, and atherosclerosis. In: Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine (Braunwald E., ed), Philadelphia, Saunders, pp 121-144
13. Brodie BB, Axelrode J, Shore PA, Udenfriend S. (1954) Ascorbic acid in aromatic hydroxylation. II Products formed by reaction of substrates with ascorbic acid, ferrous ion, and oxygen. J Biol Chem 208:741-750
14. Chan PH, Longar S, Fishman RA (1987) Protective effects of liposome-entrapped superoxide dismutase on post traumatic brain edema. Ann Neurol 21:540-547
15. Chan PH (1989) The role of oxygen radicals in brain injury and edema. In: Cellular Antioxidant Defense Mechanisms (Chow CK, ed), Boca Raton, FL, CRC, p 89
16. Chan PH, (1996) Role of oxidants in ischemic brain damage. Stroke 27:1124-1129
17. Chen Y, Constantini S, Trembovler V, Weinstock M, Shohami E (1996) An experimental model of closed head injury in mice: pathophysiology, histopathology and cognitive deficits. J Neurotrauma 13:557-568
18. Chen Y, Lomnitski L, Michaelson DM Shohami E. (1997) Motor and cognitive deficits in Apolipoprotein E-deficient mice after closed head injury. Neuroscience (in press)
19. Chevion S, Berry EM, Kitrovssky N, Kohen R (1997) Evaluation of plasma low molecular weight antioxidant by cyclic voltammetry. Free Rad Biol Med 22:411-471
20. Davies KA, Sevanian A, Muallassah-Kelly F, Hochstein P (1986) Uric acid-iron complexes Biochem J 235:747-754
21. Demopoulos HB, Flamm ES, Pietronigro DD, Selingman MI (1980) The free radical pathology and the microcirculation in the major central nervous system disorders. Acta Physiol Scand Suppl 492: 91-119
22. Diplock AT (1994) Antioxidants and Disease Prevention. Mol Aspects Med 15:297-376
23. Dugan LL, Choi DW (1994) Excitotoxicity, free radicals and cell membrane changes. Ann Neurol 35:517-521
24. Eshhar N, Streim S, Kohen R, Tirosh O, Biegon O (1995) Neuroprotective and antioxidant activities of HU-211, a novel NMDA antagonist. Eur J Pharmacol 283:1-3
25. Evans PH (1993) Free radicals in brain metabolism and pathology. Br Med Bull 49:577-587
26. Faden AI, Salzman S (1992) Pharmacological strategies in CNS trauma. Trends Pharmacol Sci 13:29-35
27. Frei B, England L, Ames BN (1989) Ascorbate is an outstanding antioxidant in human blood plasma. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86: 6377-6381
28. Gelvan D, Saltman P, Powell SR (1990) Cardiac reperfusion damage prevented by a nitroxide free radical. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88:4680-4684
29. Gennarelli TA (1997) The pathobiology of traumatic brain injury. The Neuroscientist 3:73-81
30. Gentleman SM, Graham DI, Robert GW (1993) Molecular pathology of head trauma: Altered (APP metabolism and the aetiology of Alzheimer's disease. Congress Brain Res 96:237-246
31. Gordon I, Grauer E, Genis I, Sehayek E, Michaelson DM (1995) Memory deficits and cholinergic impairments in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Neurosci Lett 199. 1-4
32. Hadas H, Sod-Moriah UA, Kaplanski J (1989) The effect of lipopolysacharide on fever and thermoregulation in rats. In: Thermal Physiology (Mercer JB, ed), Amsterdam: Elsevier pp 395-400
33. Hahn SM, Tochner Z, Krishna MC, Glass J, Wilson L, Samuni A (1992) TPL, a stable free radical, is a novel murine radiation protector. Cancer Res 52:1750-1753
34. Hall ED, Braughler JM (1989) Central nervous system trauma and stroke. Physiological and pharmacological evidence for the involvement of oxygen radicals and lipid peroxidation. Free Rad Biol Med 6:303-313
35. Hall ED, Yonkers PA, Andrus PK, Cox JW, Anderson DK (1992) Biochemistry and pharmacology of lipid antioxidants in acute and spinal cord injury. J Neurotrauma 9:S424-S442
36. Halliwell B, Gutteridge JMC (1989) In: Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine. Oxford, Clarendon Press, Oxford University Press, pp 160-165
37. Halliwell B, Gutteridge JMC (1990) Role of free radicals and catalytic metal ions in human disease: an overview. Methods Enzymol 186: 1-85
38. Halliwell B (1996) Vitamin C: antioxidant or prooxidant in vivo. Free Rad Res 25:439-454
39. Helfaer MA, Kirsch JR, Traystman RJ (1994) Radical scavengers: Penetration into brain following ischemia and reperfusion. In: Pharmacology of Cerebral Ischemia (Krieglstein J, Oberpichler-Schwenk H. eds), Medpharm Scientific Publishers Stuttgart, pp 297-309
40. Hamm RJ, Temple MD, Pike BR, Ellis EF (1996) The effect of postinjury administration of polyethylene glycol-conjugated superoxide dismutase (pegorgotein, dismutec) or lidocaine on behavioral function following fluid percussion braininjury in rats. J Neurotrauma 13:325-332
41. Hensley K, Carney JM, Stewart CA, Tabatabaie T, Pye Q, Floyd RA (1997) In: Neuroprotective Agents and Cerebral Ischemia (Green AR. Cross AJ, eds), San Diego, Academic Press, pp 299-317
42. Horowitz M, Samueloff S. (1989) Dehydration stress and heat acclimation. In: Milestones in Environmental Physiology (Yousef MK, ed). New York, SPA Academic Publishing, pp 31-101
43. Horowitz M. (1994) Heat stress and heat acclimation: the cellular response-modifier of autonomic control. Integrative and cellular aspects of autonomic function. In: Temperature and Osmoregulation. (Pleschka K, Gerstberger R, eds) Paris, Libbey Eurotext, pp 87-95
44. Horowitz M, Parnes S, Hasin Y (1993) Mechanical and metabolic performance of the rat heart. Effect of combined stress of heat acclimation and swimming training. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 4:139-156
45. Ignatius MJ, Gebicke-Haerter PJ, Pitas RE, Shooter EM (1987) Apolipoprotein E in nerve injury and repair. Prog Brain Res 71:177-184
46. Ikeda Y, Ikeda K, Long CM (1989) Comparative study of different iron-chelating agents in cold-induced brain edema. Neurosurgery 24:820-824
47. Imaizumi S, Woolworth V, Fishman RA, Chan PH (1990) Liposome entrapped superoxide dismutase reduces cerebral infarction in cerebral ischemia in rats. Stroke 21:1312-1317
48. Inbar I, Hayot R, Cassuto Y (1975) Energy metabolism in kidney of heat acclimated hamsters. Am J Physiol 229:1234-1236
49. Kempski OS (1994) Neuroprotection. Models and basic principles. Anaesthetist 43(Suppl 2):S25-33
50. Kissinger PT, Jonathan BH, Adams RW (1973) Voltammetryetry in brain tissue - A new neurophysiological measurement. Brain Res 55:209-213
51. Kohen R, Yamamoto Y, Cundy KC, Ames BN (1988) Antioxidant activity of carnosine, homocarnosine and anserine present in muscle and brain Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85:3175-3179
52. Kohen R, Misgav R, Ginsburg I (1991) The SOD like activity of copper:carnosine, copper:anserine and copper:homocarnosine complexes. Free Rad Res Commun 12-13:176-185
53. Kohen R, Tirosh O, Gorodetzky R, (1992) The biological reductive capacity of tissues is decreased following exposure to oxidative stress: a cyclic voltammetry study of irradiated rats. Free Rad Res Commun 17:239-248
54. Kohen R (1993) Evaluation of oxidant/antioxidant capacity of biological tissues and fluids by cyclic voltammetry: a new approach. International Symposium on Antioxidants and Disease Prevention ILSI Europe Stockholm, Sweden June 30-July 3
55. Kohen R, Chevion S, Berry E, (1996) Evaluation of the total low molecular weight antioxidant activity of plasma in health and disease: a new approach. Cell Pharmacol 3:355-359
56. Kohen R, Fanberstein D, Tirosh O (1997) Reducing equivalents in the aging process. Arch Gerontol Geriatrics 24:103-123
57. Kontos HA (1989) Oxygen radicals in CNS damage. Chem. Biol. Interactions 72:229-320
58. Krishna MC, Halevy RF, Zhang R, Gutierrez PL, Samuni A. (1994) Modulation of streptonigrin cytotoxicity by nitroxide SOD mimics. Free Rad Biol Med 17:379-388
59. 2- or as SOD mimics? J Biol Chem 271:26026-26031
60. Krishna MC, Samuni A, Taira J, Goldstein S, Mitchell JB, Russo A, (1996b) Stimulation by nitroxides of catalase-like activity of hemeproteins. Kinetics and mechanism. J Biol Chem 271:26018-26025
61. ras as a common signaling target of reactive oxygen radicals and cellular redox stress. J Biol Chem 270:21195-21198
62. Levi E, Hasin Y, Navon G, Horowitz M (1997) Chronic heat improves mechanical and metabolic response of trained rat heart on ischemia and reperfusion. Am J Physiol 272:H2085-2094
63. Levi E, Vivi A, Hasin Y, Vivi M, Navon G, Horowitz M (1993) Cardiac mechanical and metabolic performance during ischemia and reperfusion. J Appl Physiol 75:883-889
64. Lomnitski L, Kohen R, Chen Y, Shohami E, Vogel T, Michaelson DM (1997) Reduced levels of antioxidants in brain of Apolipoprotein E deficient mice, following closed head injury. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 56:669-673
65. Mahley RW (1988) Apolipoprotein E: cholesterol transport protein with expanding role in cell biology. Science (Washington DC) 240:622-630
66. McIntosh TK (1993) Novel pharmacologic therapies in the treatment of experimental traumatic brain injury: a review. J Neurotrauma 10: 215-261
67. Muir JK, Tynan M, Cadwell R, Ellis EF (1995) Superoxide dismutase improves post-traumatic cortical blood flow in rats. J Neurotrauma 12:179-188
68. Muizelaar JP (1994) Clinical trials with Dismutec (pegorgotein, polyethyleneglycol-conjugated superoxide dismutase, PEG-SOD) in the treatment of severe closed head injury. Adv Exp Med Biol 366:389-400
69. Packer L, Witt, EH, Tritschler HJ, (1995) Alpha-lipoc acid as a biological antioxidant. Free Rad Biol Med 19:227-250
70. Packer L, Tritschler H, Wessel K (1997) Neuroprotection by the metabolic antioxidant α-lipoic acid. Free Rad Biol Med 22:359-378
71. Phillis JW (1994) A "radical" view of cerebral ischemic injury. Prog Neurobiol 42:441-498
72. Pogrebniak H, Matthews W, Mitchell J, Russo A, Samuni A, Pass H (1991) Spin trap protection from tumor necrosis factor cytotoxicity. J Surg Res 50:469-474
73. Povlishock JT, Christman CW (1995) The pathobiology of traumatically induced axonal injury in animals and humans: a review of current thoughts. J Neurotrauma 12:555-564
74. Pozo D, Reiter RJ, Calvo JR, Guerrero JM (1994) Physiological concentration of melatonin inhibits nitric oxide synthase in rat cerebellum. Life Sci 55:455-460
75. Raps SP, Lai JCK, Hertz I, Cooper AJL (1989) Glutathione is present in high concentration in cultured astrocytes but not in cultured neurons Brain Res 493:398-401
76. Reiter RJ (1995) Oxidative processes and antioxidative defense mechanisms in the aging brain FASEB J 9:526-533
77. Reiter RJ, Poeggeler B, Chen LD, Abe M, Hara M, Orhii PB, Attia AM, Barlow-Waiden LR (1994) Melatonine as a free radical scavenger: theoretical implications for neurodegenerative diseases in the aged Acta Gerontol 44:92-114
78. Rice-Evans C, Miller NJ (1994) Total antioxidant status in plasma and body fluids. In: Methods in Enzymology (Packer L, ed), San-Diego, Academic Press, pp 279-293
79. Rice-Evans C, Burdon R (1993) Free radical-lipid interactions and their pathological consequences. Prog Lipid Res 32:71-110
80. Roses AD (1994) Apolipoprotein E affects the rate of Alzheimer's disease expression: (β-amyloid burden is a secondary consequence dependent on ApoE genotype and duration of disease. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 53:429-437
81. Samuni A, Winkelsberg D, Pinson A, Hahn SM, Mitchell JB, Russo A (1991a) Nitroxide stable radicals protect beating cardiomyocytes against oxidative damage. J Clin Invest 87:1526-1530
82. Samuni A, Godinger D, Aronovitch J, Russo A, Mitchell JB, (1991b) Nitroxides block DNA scission and protect cells from oxidative damage. Biochemistry 30:555-561
83. Sevanian A, Davies KJA, Hochstein P (1991) Serum urate as an antioxidant for ascorbic acid. Am J Clin Nutr 54:1129S-1134S
84. Shapira Y, Shohami E, Sidi A, Softer D, Freeman S, Cotev S (1988) Experimental closed head injury in rats: mechanical, pathophysiologic, and neurologic properties. Crit Care Med 16:258-265
85. Shapira Y, Yadid G, Cotev S, Niska A, Shohami E (1990) Protective effect of MK-801 in experimental brain injury. J Neurotrauma 7:131-139
86. Shapira Y, Setton D, Artru A, Shohami E (1993) Blood brain barrier, cerebral edema and neurological function following closed head injury in the rat. Anesth Analg 77:141-148
87. Shohami E, Shapira Y, Sidi A, Cotev S (1987) Head injury induces increased prostaglandin synthesis in rat brain. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 7:58-63
88. 2 is activated after experimental closed head injury in rats. J Neurochem 53:1541-1546
89. Shohami E, Novikov M, and Mechoulam R (1993) A non psychotropic cannabinoid. HU-211 has cerebroprotective effects after closed head injury. J Neurotrauma 10:109-119
90. Shohami E, Novikov M, Bass R, Yamin A, Gallily R (1994a) Closed head injury triggers early production of TNFα and IL-6 by brain tissue. J Cereb Blood Flow Metabol 14:615-619
91. Shohami E, Novikov M, Horowitz M (1994b) Long term exposure to heat protects against brain damage induced by closed head injury in the rat. Restor Neurol Neurosci 6:107-112
92. Shohami E, Weidenfeld J, Ovadia H, Vogel Z, Hanus L, Fride E, Breuer A, Ben-Shabat S, Sheskin Z, Mechoulam R (1996) Endogenous and synthetic cannabinoids: recent advances. CNS Drug Reviews 2:429-451
93. Shohami E, Gallily R, Mechoulam R, Bass R, Ben-Hur T (1997) Cytokine production in the brain following closed head injury: Dexanabinol (HU-211) is a novel TNFα inhibitor and an effective neuroprotectant. J Neuroimmunol 72:169-177
94. Siesjo BK, Agardh CD, Begtsson F (1989) Free radicals and brain damage. Cerbrovasc Brain Metab Rev 1:165-211
95. Siesjo BK (1993) Basic mechanisms of traumatic brain damage. Ann Emerg Med 22:959-969
96. Sinet PM, Heikkila RE, Cohen G (1980) Hydrogen peroxide production in rat brain in vivo. J Neurochem 34:1421-1428
97. Stadtman ER (1992) Protein oxidation and aging. Science 257:1220-1224
98. Wahlgren NG (1997) A review of earlier clinical studies on neuroprotective agents and current approaches. In: Neuroprotective Agents and Cereral Ischemia, (Green AR, Cross AJ, eds), San Diego, Academic Press, pp 337-363
99. Watson BD (1993) Evaluation of the concomitance of lipid peroxidation in experimental models of cerebral ischemia and stroke. In: Prog Brain Res Vol 96 (Kogire K, Hossmann KA, Siesjo BK, eds) Elsevier Science Publishers, B.V.) pp 69-95
100. Wayner DDM. Burton GW, Ingold KU, Brclay LC, Locke SJ (1987) The relative contributions of vitamin E, urate, ascorbate and proteins to the total peroxyl radical-trapping antioxidant activity of human blood plasma. Biochem Biophys Acta 924:408-419
101. White BC, Krause GS (1993) Brain injury and repair mechanisms: the potential for pharmacologic therapy in closed head trauma. Ann Emerg Med 22:970-979
102. Xue D, Slivka A, Buchan AM (1992) Tirilazad reduces cortical infarction after temporary but not permanent focal cerebral ischaemia in rats. Stroke 23:894-899
103. Yao Y, Yin D, Jas GS, Kuczera K, Williams TD, Shoneich C, Squier TC (1996) Oxidative modification of a carboxyl-terminal vicinal methionine in calmodulin by hydrogen peroxide inhibits calmodulin-dependent activation of the plasma membrane calcium-APTase. Biochemistry 35:2767-2787
104. Youdim MB, Riederer P (1997) Understanding Parkinson's disease. Sci Am 276:52-59
105. Yukido I, Long DM (1990) The molecular basic of brain injury and brain edema. The role of oxygen free radicals. Neurosurg 27:1-9
106. Zhang R, Shohami E, Beit-Yannai E, Bass R, Trembovler V and Samuni A (1997) Mechanism of brain protection by nitroxide radicals in experimental model of closed head injury. Free Rad Biol Med (in press)