메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 9, Issue 6, 1997, Pages 877-884

The tip-top branching ureter

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GLIAL CELL LINE DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR; GLYCOSYLPHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL; PROTEIN TYROSINE KINASE;

EID: 0030723136     PISSN: 09550674     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0955-0674(97)80091-9     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (74)

References (58)
  • 3
    • 0029978191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does the kidney express redundant or important molecules during nephrogenesis?
    • Sariola H: Does the kidney express redundant or important molecules during nephrogenesis? Exp Nephrol 1996, 4:70-76.
    • (1996) Exp Nephrol , vol.4 , pp. 70-76
    • Sariola, H.1
  • 4
    • 0030988298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The molecular basis of embryonic kidney development
    • Lechner MS, Dressler GR: The molecular basis of embryonic kidney development Mech Dev 1997, 62:105-120.
    • (1997) Mech Dev , vol.62 , pp. 105-120
    • Lechner, M.S.1    Dressler, G.R.2
  • 5
    • 0027374562 scopus 로고
    • Expression of the cRet proto-oncogene during mouse embryogenesis
    • Pachnis V, Mankoo B, Constantini F: Expression of the cRet proto-oncogene during mouse embryogenesis. Development 1993, 119:1005-1017.
    • (1993) Development , vol.119 , pp. 1005-1017
    • Pachnis, V.1    Mankoo, B.2    Constantini, F.3
  • 6
    • 0030601360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative role of phosphotyrosine kinase domains of c-ros and c-rel protooncogenes in metanephric development with respect to growth factors and matrix morphogens
    • Liu ZZ, Wada J, Kumar A, Carone FA, Takahashi M, Kanwar YS: Comparative role of phosphotyrosine kinase domains of c-ros and c-rel protooncogenes in metanephric development with respect to growth factors and matrix morphogens. Dev Biol 1996, 178:133-148
    • (1996) Dev Biol , vol.178 , pp. 133-148
    • Liu, Z.Z.1    Wada, J.2    Kumar, A.3    Carone, F.A.4    Takahashi, M.5    Kanwar, Y.S.6
  • 7
    • 0026750563 scopus 로고
    • C-ros: The vertebrate homolog of the sevenless tyrosine kinase receptor is tightly regulated during organogenesis in mouse embryonic development
    • Tessarollo L, Nagarajan L, Parada LF: c-ros: the vertebrate homolog of the sevenless tyrosine kinase receptor is tightly regulated during organogenesis in mouse embryonic development. Development 1992, 115:11-20.
    • (1992) Development , vol.115 , pp. 11-20
    • Tessarollo, L.1    Nagarajan, L.2    Parada, L.F.3
  • 8
    • 0029892926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The c-ros tyrosine kinase receptor controls regionalization and differentiation of epithelial cells in the epididymis
    • Sonnenberg-Rietmacher E, Walter B, Rietmacher D, Godeke S, Birchmeier C: The c-ros tyrosine kinase receptor controls regionalization and differentiation of epithelial cells in the epididymis. Genes Dev 1996, 10:1184-1193. C-ros-deficient mice develop normally and survive after birth. However, the male animals are infertile due to functional defects in epididymal ducts.
    • (1996) Genes Dev , vol.10 , pp. 1184-1193
    • Sonnenberg-Rietmacher, E.1    Walter, B.2    Rietmacher, D.3    Godeke, S.4    Birchmeier, C.5
  • 9
    • 0028174023 scopus 로고
    • Defects in the kidney and enteric nervous system of mice lacking the tyrosine kinase receptor Ret
    • Schuchardt A, D'Ayati V, Larsson-Blomberg L, Constantini F, Pachnis V: Defects in the kidney and enteric nervous system of mice lacking the tyrosine kinase receptor Ret. Nature 1994, 367:380-383.
    • (1994) Nature , vol.367 , pp. 380-383
    • Schuchardt, A.1    D'Ayati, V.2    Larsson-Blomberg, L.3    Constantini, F.4    Pachnis, V.5
  • 10
    • 0022330363 scopus 로고
    • Activation of a novel human transforming gene, ret by DNa rearrangement
    • Takahashi M, Ritz J, Cooper GM: Activation of a novel human transforming gene, ret by DNA rearrangement. Cell 1985, 42:581-588.
    • (1985) Cell , vol.42 , pp. 581-588
    • Takahashi, M.1    Ritz, J.2    Cooper, G.M.3
  • 12
    • 0029943234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renal agenesis and hypodysplasia in ret-k- Mutant mice result from defects in ureteric bud development
    • Schuchardt A, D'Agati V, Pachnis V, Costantini F: Renal agenesis and hypodysplasia in ret-k- mutant mice result from defects in ureteric bud development. Development 1996, 122:1919-1929. A detailed description of the kidney defect of Ret-deficient mice, with an elegant proposal for the role of Ret in nephrogenesis.
    • (1996) Development , vol.122 , pp. 1919-1929
    • Schuchardt, A.1    D'Agati, V.2    Pachnis, V.3    Costantini, F.4
  • 13
    • 0027285510 scopus 로고
    • GDNF: A glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor for midbrain dopaminergic neurons
    • Lin L-FH, Doherty DH, Lile JD, Bektesh S, Collins F: GDNF: a glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor for midbrain dopaminergic neurons. Science 1993, 260:1130-1132
    • (1993) Science , vol.260 , pp. 1130-1132
    • Lin, L.-F.H.1    Doherty, D.H.2    Lile, J.D.3    Bektesh, S.4    Collins, F.5
  • 15
    • 0029584686 scopus 로고
    • GDNF prevents degeneration and promotes the phenotype of brain noradrenergic neurons in vivo
    • Arenas E, Trupp M, Åkerud P, Ibáñez C: GDNF prevents degeneration and promotes the phenotype of brain noradrenergic neurons in vivo. Neuron 1995, 15:1465-1473.
    • (1995) Neuron , vol.15 , pp. 1465-1473
    • Arenas, E.1    Trupp, M.2    Åkerud, P.3    Ibáñez, C.4
  • 18
    • 0028854836 scopus 로고
    • In vivo neurotrophic effects of GDNF on neonatal and adult facial motor neurons
    • Yan Q, Matheson C, Lopez OT: In vivo neurotrophic effects of GDNF on neonatal and adult facial motor neurons. Nature 1995, 373:341-344.
    • (1995) Nature , vol.373 , pp. 341-344
    • Yan, Q.1    Matheson, C.2    Lopez, O.T.3
  • 19
    • 0030024846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Embryonic expression of glial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) suggests multiple developmental roles in neural differentiation and epithelial-mesenchymal interactions
    • ·] describe the embryonic expression pattern of glial cell line derived neutrophic factor (GDNF) mRNA. Both conclude that GDNF might have a role in neuronal differentiation and epithelial-mesenchymal-tissue interactions, especially in the developing kidney.
    • (1996) Mech Dev , vol.54 , pp. 95-105
    • Hellmich, H.L.1    Kos, L.2    Cho, E.S.3    Mahon, K.A.4    Zimmer, A.5
  • 20
    • 0030007849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Localization of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) mRNA in embryonic rat by in situ hybridization
    • ·] describe the embryonic expression pattern of glial cell line derived neutrophic factor (GDNF) mRNA. Both conclude that GDNF might have a role in neuronal differentiation and epithelial-mesenchymal-tissue interactions, especially in the developing kidney.
    • (1996) Eur J Neurosci , vol.8 , pp. 616-822
    • Suvanto, P.1    Hiltunen, J.O.2    Arumae, U.3    Moshnyakov, M.4    Sariola, H.5    Sainio, K.6    Saarma, M.7
  • 23
    • 0029846514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor signals through the RET receptor and activates mitogen-activated protein kinase
    • ··]. Glial cell line derived neutrophic factor (GDNF) treatment of neuroblasloma cells results in in creased transcription of an luciferase reporter gene, suggesting that GDNF activates the mitogen-activated protein kinase signal transduction pathway.
    • (1996) J Biol Chem , vol.271 , pp. 23619-23622
    • Worby, C.A.1    Vega, Q.C.2    Zhao, Y.3    Chao, H.H.-J.4    Seasholtz, A.F.5    Dixon, J.E.6
  • 24
    • 15844426332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defects in enteric innervation and kidney development in mice lacking GDNF
    • ··] approached the question of the developmental roles of glial cell derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) by generating null mutations in the murine GDNF locus. The mutant mice show kidney agenesis or dysgenesis and defective enteric innervation. After careful examination of the central nervous system, the authors conclude that the ablation of the GDNF gene does not affect remarkably the differentiation and survival of dopaminergic neurons and is not essential for the survival of catecholaminergic neurons, at least during embryonic development.
    • (1996) Nature , vol.382 , pp. 73-76
    • Pichel, J.G.1    Shen, L.2    Sheng, H.Z.3    Granholm, A.-C.4    Drago, J.5    Grinberg, A.6    Lee, E.J.7    Huang, S.P.8    Saarma, M.9    Hoffer, B.J.10
  • 25
    • 0029901727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renal agenesis and the absence of enteric neurons in mice lacking GDNF
    • ··] approached the question of the developmental roles of GDNF by generating null mutations in the murine GDNF locus. The mutant mice show kidney agenesis or dysgenesis and defective enteric innervation. Suprisingly, after careful examination of the central nervous system, the authors conclude that the ablation of the GDNF gene does not affect remarkably the differentiation and survival of dopaminergic neurons and is not essential for the survival of catecholaminergic neurons, at least during embryonic development.
    • (1996) Nature , vol.382 , pp. 70-73
    • Sánchez, M.P.1    Silos-Santiago, I.2    Frisén, J.3    He, B.4    Lira, S.A.5    Barbacid, M.6
  • 26
    • 15844384629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renal and neuronal abnormalities in mice lacking GDNF
    • ··] approached the question of the developmental roles of GDNF by generating null mutations in the murine GDNF locus. The mutant mice show kidney agenesis or dysgenesis and defective enteric innervation. Suprisingly, after careful examination of the central nervous system, the authors conclude that the ablation of the GDNF gene does not affect remarkably the differentiation and survival of dopaminergic neurons and is not essential for the survival of catecholaminergic neurons, at least during embryonic development.
    • (1996) Nature , vol.382 , pp. 76-79
    • Moore, M.W.1    Klein, R.D.2    Farinas, I.3    Sauer, H.4    Armanini, M.5    Phillips, H.6    Reichardt, L.F.7    Ryan, A.M.8    Carvermoore, K.9    Rosenthal, A.10
  • 27
    • 0030885348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nomenclature of GPI-linked receptors for GDNF ligand family
    • in press
    • GFRα Nomenclature Committee: Nomenclature of GPI-linked receptors for GDNF ligand family. Neuron 1997, 19:in press.
    • (1997) Neuron , vol.19
  • 28
    • 15844418441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of a multicomponent receptor for GDNF
    • ··] are the first two papers to describe a novel class of cell surface glycosylphoshatidylinositol-linked receptors that are needed for glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF)-Ret binding. GDNF receptor α-1 (GFRα-1) is expressed on GDNF-responsive cells and binds GDNF at a high affinity. The findings support the hypothesis that GDNF uses a multisubunit receptor system, in which GFRα-1 and Ret function as the ligand-binding and signalling components, respectively.
    • (1996) Nature , vol.382 , pp. 80-83
    • Treanor, J.J.1    Goodman, L.2    De Sauvage, F.3    Stone, D.M.4    Poulsen, K.T.5    Beck, C.D.6    Gray, C.7    Armanini, M.P.8    Pollock, R.A.9    Hefti, F.10
  • 29
    • 15844365303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GDNF-induced activation of the Ret protein tyrosine kinase is mediated by GDNFR-α, a novel receptor for GDNF
    • ··] are the first two papers to describe a novel class of cell surface glycosylphoshatidylinositol-linked receptors that are needed for glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF)-Ret binding. GDNF receptor α-1 (GFRα-1) is expressed on GDNF-responsive cells and binds GDNF at a high affinity. The findings support the hypothesis that GDNF uses a multisubunit receptor system, in which GFRα-1 and Ret function as the ligand-binding and signalling components, respectively.
    • (1996) Cell , vol.85 , pp. 9-20
    • Jing, S.Q.1    Wen, D.Z.2    Yu, Y.B.3    Holst, P.L.4    Luo, Y.5    Fang, M.6    Tamir, R.7    Antonio, L.8    Hu, Z.9    Cupples, R.10
  • 35
    • 0029827559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurturin, a relative of glial-cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor
    • Kotzbauer PT, Lampe PA, Heuckeroth RO, Golden JP, Creedon DJ, Johnson EM, Milbrandt JD: Neurturin, a relative of glial-cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor. Nature 1996, 384:467-470. The authors of this paper descibe the purification of, and cloning of the gene encoding, a new neurotrophic factor, identified on the basis of its ability to support the survival of sympathetic neurons in culture. This factor, neurturin, was shown to be structurally related to glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor.
    • (1996) Nature , vol.384 , pp. 467-470
    • Kotzbauer, P.T.1    Lampe, P.A.2    Heuckeroth, R.O.3    Golden, J.P.4    Creedon, D.J.5    Johnson, E.M.6    Milbrandt, J.D.7
  • 37
    • 0030997340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defects of urogenital development in mice lacking EMX2
    • Miyamoto N, Yoshida M, Kurantani S, Matsuo I, Aizawa S: Defects of urogenital development in mice lacking EMX2. Development 1997, 124:1653-1664. The mouse Emx-2 homeotic gene product is a homologue of the Drosophila Empty Spiracles gene product. Emx-2-deficient mice show defects in telencephalic differentiation and their kidney differentiation stops at the primary bud stage, The manuscript is thorough and includes an elegant set of in situ hybridization data on developmentally regulated genes in the kidney.
    • (1997) Development , vol.124 , pp. 1653-1664
    • Miyamoto, N.1    Yoshida, M.2    Kurantani, S.3    Matsuo, I.4    Aizawa, S.5
  • 38
    • 0030733083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glial-cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor is required for bud initiation from ureteric epithelium
    • Sainio K, Suvanto P, Davies J, Wartiovaara J, Wartiovaara K, Saarma M, Arumäe U, Meng X, Lindahl M, Pachnis V, Sariola H: Glial-cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor is required for bud initiation from ureteric epithelium. Development 1997, 124:4077-4087. The authors use various tissue culture models to approach the question of the mode of action of glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor. They show that it acts predominantly in ureter bud initiation and that other mesenchyme-derived factors are required for bud elongation.
    • (1997) Development , vol.124 , pp. 4077-4087
    • Sainio, K.1    Suvanto, P.2    Davies, J.3    Wartiovaara, J.4    Wartiovaara, K.5    Saarma, M.6    Arumäe, U.7    Meng, X.8    Lindahl, M.9    Pachnis, V.10    Sariola, H.11
  • 39
    • 0029031810 scopus 로고
    • Sulphated proteoglycan is required for collecting duct growth and branching, but not nephron formation during kidney development
    • Davies JA, Lyon M, Gallagher J, Garrod D: Sulphated proteoglycan is required for collecting duct growth and branching, but not nephron formation during kidney development Development 1995, 121:1507-1517.
    • (1995) Development , vol.121 , pp. 1507-1517
    • Davies, J.A.1    Lyon, M.2    Gallagher, J.3    Garrod, D.4
  • 40
    • 0028963661 scopus 로고
    • Activin disrupts epithelial branching morphogenesis in developing glandular organs of the mouse
    • Ritvos O, Tuuri T, Erämaa M, Sainio K, Hildėn K, Saxėn L, Gilbert S: Activin disrupts epithelial branching morphogenesis in developing glandular organs of the mouse. Mech Dev 1995, 50:239-245.
    • (1995) Mech Dev , vol.50 , pp. 239-245
    • Ritvos, O.1    Tuuri, T.2    Erämaa, M.3    Sainio, K.4    Hilden, K.5    Saxen, L.6    Gilbert, S.7
  • 41
    • 0029748327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor activates the receptor tyrosine kinase ret and promotes kidney morphogenesis
    • Vega OC, Worby CA, Lechner MS, Dixon JE, Dressler GR: Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor activates the receptor tyrosine kinase ret and promotes kidney morphogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1996, 93:10657-10661. The authors show that glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) binds to and activates c-Ret. The authors used kidney explant cultures to analyze the roles of GDNF in kidney morphogenesis. Their organ culture studies with GDNF supplementation and neutralization with antibodies suggest that GDNF may act as a mitogen for ureteric cells.
    • (1996) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.93 , pp. 10657-10661
    • Vega, O.C.1    Worby, C.A.2    Lechner, M.S.3    Dixon, J.E.4    Dressler, G.R.5
  • 42
    • 0029857502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proteoglycans are required for maintenance of Wnt-11 expression in the ureter tips
    • Kispert A, Vainio S, Shen LY, Rowitch DH, McMahon AP: Proteoglycans are required for maintenance of Wnt-11 expression in the ureter tips. Development 1996, 122:3627-3637. T-shaped ureteric buds were recombined with heterologous lung mesenchyme, which induced branching of the buds. The data also suggest that proleoglycans maintain Wnt-11 expression by the ureteric tip.
    • (1996) Development , vol.122 , pp. 3627-3637
    • Kispert, A.1    Vainio, S.2    Shen, L.Y.3    Rowitch, D.H.4    McMahon, A.P.5
  • 46
    • 0027205529 scopus 로고
    • Large-scale normal cell death in the developing rat kidney and its reduction by epidermal growth factor
    • Coles HSR, Burne JF, Raff MC: Large-scale normal cell death in the developing rat kidney and its reduction by epidermal growth factor. Development 1993, 118:777-784.
    • (1993) Development , vol.118 , pp. 777-784
    • Coles, H.S.R.1    Burne, J.F.2    Raff, M.C.3
  • 48
    • 0030480423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conditioned medium from a rat ureteric bud cell line in combination with bFGF induces complete differentiation of isolated metanephric mesenchyme
    • Karavanova ID, Dove LF, Resau JH, Perantoni AO: Conditioned medium from a rat ureteric bud cell line in combination with bFGF induces complete differentiation of isolated metanephric mesenchyme. Development 1996, 122:4159-4167. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and a culture medium of ureteric bud cell lines induce both epithelial differentiation of nephrogenic mesenchyme and expression of all markers of secretory nephrons. Earlier studies by these researchers had already shown the role of bFGF in tubule induction, but now they have managed to scale up both the speed and the level of tubule differentiation by ureteric cell culture medium.
    • (1996) Development , vol.122 , pp. 4159-4167
    • Karavanova, I.D.1    Dove, L.F.2    Resau, J.H.3    Perantoni, A.O.4
  • 49
    • 0028589430 scopus 로고
    • Induction of kidney epithelial morphogenesis by cells expressing Wnt-1
    • Herzlinger D, Qiao J, Cohen D, Ramakrishna N, Brown AM: Induction of kidney epithelial morphogenesis by cells expressing Wnt-1. Dev Biol 1994, 166:815-818.
    • (1994) Dev Biol , vol.166 , pp. 815-818
    • Herzlinger, D.1    Qiao, J.2    Cohen, D.3    Ramakrishna, N.4    Brown, A.M.5
  • 50
    • 0029810973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of nephrogenic mesenchyme by osteogenic protein 1 (bone morphogenetic protein 7)
    • Vukicevic S, Kopp JB, Luyten FP, Sampath TK: Induction of nephrogenic mesenchyme by osteogenic protein 1 (bone morphogenetic protein 7), Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1996, 93:9021-9026. Both antisense oligonucleotides in whole kidney culture and growth factor supplementation of cultured mesenchymes were used to show that bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7) can induce the differentiation of kidney mesenchymes. The authors carefully suggest that BMP-7 might act as a survival factor for the mesenchymal cells rather than as an inductive molecule.
    • (1996) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.93 , pp. 9021-9026
    • Vukicevic, S.1    Kopp, J.B.2    Luyten, F.P.3    Sampath, T.K.4
  • 51
    • 0028832707 scopus 로고
    • A requirement for bone morphogenetic protein-7 during development of the mammalian kidney and eye
    • Dudley AT, Lyons KM, Robertson E: A requirement for bone morphogenetic protein-7 during development of the mammalian kidney and eye. Genes Dev 1995, 9:2795-2807.
    • (1995) Genes Dev , vol.9 , pp. 2795-2807
    • Dudley, A.T.1    Lyons, K.M.2    Robertson, E.3
  • 52
    • 0028882261 scopus 로고
    • BMP-7 is an inducer of nephrogenesis, and is also required for eye development and skeletal patterning
    • Luo G, Hofmann C, Bronckers ALJJ, Sohocki M, Bradley A, Karsenty G: BMP-7 is an inducer of nephrogenesis, and is also required for eye development and skeletal patterning. Genes Dev 1995, 9:2808-2820.
    • (1995) Genes Dev , vol.9 , pp. 2808-2820
    • Luo, G.1    Hofmann, C.2    Bronckers, A.L.J.J.3    Sohocki, M.4    Bradley, A.5    Karsenty, G.6
  • 53
    • 0030614865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrin α8β1 is critically important for epithelial-mesenchymal interactions during kidney morphogenesis
    • Muller U, Wang D, Denda S, Menesis J, Pedersen R, Reichardt L: Integrin α8β1 is critically important for epithelial-mesenchymal interactions during kidney morphogenesis, Cell 1997, 88:603-613. Targeted disruption of the integrin α8β1 gene results in severe defects in kidney morphogenesis, and the authors show by detailed expression analyses that renal hypodysplasia in this case might be caused by a defect in ureteric branching. The ligand for integrin α8β1 in kidney morphogenesis is also partially purified and is not any of the known ligands for integrin α8β1.
    • (1997) Cell , vol.88 , pp. 603-613
    • Muller, U.1    Wang, D.2    Denda, S.3    Menesis, J.4    Pedersen, R.5    Reichardt, L.6
  • 55
    • 0029264407 scopus 로고
    • Mouse models of IGF-I deficiency generated by gene targeting
    • Warburton C, Powell-Braxton L: Mouse models of IGF-I deficiency generated by gene targeting. Receptor 1995, 5:35-41.
    • (1995) Receptor , vol.5 , pp. 35-41
    • Warburton, C.1    Powell-Braxton, L.2
  • 56
    • 0027297643 scopus 로고
    • TGF-alpha deficiency results in hair follicle and eye abnormalities in targeted and waved-1 mice
    • Luetteke NC, Qiu TH, Peiffer RL, Oliver P, Smithies O, Lee DC: TGF-alpha deficiency results in hair follicle and eye abnormalities in targeted and waved-1 mice. Cell 1993, 73:263-276.
    • (1993) Cell , vol.73 , pp. 263-276
    • Luetteke, N.C.1    Qiu, T.H.2    Peiffer, R.L.3    Oliver, P.4    Smithies, O.5    Lee, D.C.6
  • 58
    • 0004244423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The kidney development database. On World Wide Web URL http://mbisg2.ebc.man.ao.uk/kidbase/kidhome.html and http://www.ana.ed.ac.uk/anatomy/kidbase/kidhome.html This database is an essential tool for anybody working with or interested in embryonic kidneys. It covers the genes expressed by pro-, meso- and metanephros and provides data on their functions. The authors encourage people to submit their own discoveries to the database and to respond if any information is missing or incorrect.
    • The Kidney Development Database


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.