Eicosanoids: Role in gastrointestinal inflammation and cancer

European Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology

Volumn 9, Issue 11, 1997, Pages 1033-1044

  Davies, Gareth R ^a   Rampton, David S ^b  

^a LEEDS GENERAL INFIRMARY   (United Kingdom)

^b ROYAL LONDON HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Aspirin; Colon cancer; Colorectal adenomas; Eicosanoids; Familial adenomatous polyposis; Immunosuppression; Inflammatory bowel disease; Non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs; Prostaglandin; Sulindac

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; CELL RECEPTOR; CYCLOOXYGENASE 2 INHIBITOR; ICOSANOID; MISOPROSTOL; NONSTEROID ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; PROSTAGLANDIN; SULINDAC; THROMBOXANE;

ANTIINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY; COLON CANCER; DIGESTIVE SYSTEM INFLAMMATION; ENTERITIS; FAT INTAKE; GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASE; GENE MUTATION; HUMAN; ICOSANOID METABOLISM; IMMUNOMODULATION; NONHUMAN; PATHOGENESIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; T LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATION;

EID: 0030669258     PISSN: 0954691X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00042737-199711000-00003     Document Type: Review

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95. Hixson LJ, Earnest DL, Fennerty MB, et al.: NSAID effect on sporadic colon polyps. Am J Gastroenterol 1993, 88:1652-1656. Small (n=7) open study of effect of NSAIDs on patients with sporadic colon adenomatous polyps. Some regression seen (with sulindac more than with piroxicam), but effects less marked than in FAP patients.
96. Schussheim A, Gold DM, Levine JJ: Sulindac-induced regression of adenomatous colonic polyps in a child with a history of hepatoblastoma. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1993, 17:445-448.
97. Ladenheim J, Garcia G, Titzer D, et al.: Effect of sulindac on sporadic colonic polyps. Gastroenterology 1995, 108:1083-1087. First randomized prospective trial evaluating sulindac in sporadic polyps. Although a small benefit of sulindac was found, statistical significance not found. Type 2 error due to small study numbers possible.
98. DuBois RN: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and sporadic colorectal adenomas. Gastroenterology 1995, 108:1310-1314. Editorial comment on use of NSAIDs in sporadic colonic adenomas.
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100. Liu T, Mikuolu A, Rao CV, et al.: Regional chemoprevention of carcinogen-induced tumors in rat colon. Gastroenterology 1995, 109:1167-1172. Study in colon-carcinogen-treated rats. NSAIDs and other chemo-preventative agents had differing effects in proximal and distal colon.
101. Lange K, Simmet T, Peskar BM, et al.: Determination of 15-keto-13,14-dihydro-prostaglandin E2 and prostaglandin D2 in human colonic tissue using a chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay with catalase as labelling enzyme. Adv Prostaglandin Thromboxane Leukot Res 1985, 15:35-38.
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103. 2.
104. 2 by tissue-fixed macrophages in colonic carcinoma. Digestion 1990, 47:160-166.
105. 2 compared to paired normal mucosa from same patient. No change in other measured prostaglandins or leukotrienes between malignant and normal tissue.
106. Eberhart CE, Coffey RJ, Radhika A, et al.: Up-regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 gene expression in human colorectal adenomas and adenocarcinomas. Gastroenterology 1994, 107:1183-1188. Study of human surgical resection specimens. COX-2 mRNA upregulated in the majority of 14 carcinomas and half of six adenomas studied. COX-1 not affected.
107. Kutchera W, Jones DA, Matsunami N, et al.: Prostaglandin H synthase 2 is expressed abnormally in human colon cancer: evidence for a transcriptional effect. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1996, 93:4816-4820. Evidence that COX 2 mRNA over-production in human colon cancer is due to unregulated transcription of the COX 2 gene.
108. Sano H, Kawahito Y, Wilder RL, et al.: Expression of cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 in human colorectal cancer. Cancer Res 1995, 55:3785-3789. Study of human cancer tissues using immunohistochemistry. Shows cellular distribution of enhanced COX-2 activity in cancer tissues and relative lack of COX-1 activity.
109. Reddy BS, Rao CV, Rivenson A, et al.: Inhibitory effect of aspirin on azooxymethane-induced colon carcinogenesis in F344 rats. Carcinogenesis 1993, 14:1493-1497. Ingestion of therapeutic doses of aspirin inhibited carcinogen-induced colon cancer in a rat model.
110. Moorghen M, Ince P, Finney KL, et al.: A protective effect of sulindac against chemically-induced primary colonic tumours in mice. J Pathol 1988, 156:341-347. COX inhibitors reduce the number of premalignant and malignant lesions in animal model of colon cancer.
111. Skinner SA, Penney AG, O'Brien PF: Sulindac inhibits the rate of growth and appearance of colon tumours in the rat. Arch Surg 1991, 126:1094-1096. COX inhibitors reduce the number of premalignant and malignant lesions in animal model of colon cancer.
112. Rao CV, Rivenson A, Simi B, et al.: Chemoprevention of colon carcinogenesis by sulindac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent. Cancer Res 1995, 55:1464-1472. Sulindac inhibits colon carcinogenesis in a rat model in a dose-dependent manner. Inhibition extended beyond COX inhibition, and included decrease of PI-PLC (but not PLA2) and LPO pathway activity as well as COX.
113. Ross DS, Bitzer D, Roy T, et al.: Piroxicam inhibits the growth of an adenocarcinoma isograft in Fischer rats. J Surg Res 1988, 45:249-253. COX inhibitors reduce the number of premalignant and malignant lesions in animal model of colon cancer.
114. Rao CV, Tokumo K, Rigotty J, et al.: Chemoprevention of colon carcinogenesis by dietary administration of piroxicam, alpha-difluromethylornithine, 16 alpha-fluoro-5-androsten-17-one, and ellagic acid individually and in combination. Cancer Res 1991, 51:4528-4534. Piroxicam inhibits colon carcinogenesis in a rat model (azoxymethane- induced) of colon cancer.
115. Takahashi M, Fukutake M, Yokota S, et al.: Suppression of azoxymethane-induced aberrant crypt foci in rat colon by nimesulide, a selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase 2. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 1996, 122:219-222. Selective COX-2 inhibitors reduce the number of premalignant and malignant lesions in an animal model of colon cancer.
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