Inhibitors of the nuclear translocation of the HIV-1 preintegration complex

Drugs of the Future

Volumn 22, Issue 8, 1997, Pages 875-883

  Bukrinsky, Michael ^a  

^a PICOWER INST FOR MEDICAL RESEARCH   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIVIRUS AGENT; ARYLENE BIS(METHYL KETONE) COMPOUND; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; VIRUS PROTEIN;

ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY; DRUG MECHANISM; GENE TRANSLOCATION; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS 1; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; REVIEW; STRUCTURE ACTIVITY RELATION; VIRUS DNA CELL DNA INTERACTION; VIRUS REPLICATION;

EID: 0030662656     PISSN: 03778282     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (68)

1. Collier, A.C. Coombs, R.W., Schoenfeld, D.A. et al. Treatment of human immunodeficiency virus infection with saquinavir, zidovudine, and zalcitabine. AIDS Clinical Trials Group. New Engl J Med 1996, 334: 1011-7.
2. Katlama, C., Ingrand, D., Loveday, C. et al. Safety and efficacy of lamivudine-zidovudine combination therapy in antiretroviralnaive patients. A randomized controlled comparison with zidovudine monotherapy. Lamivudine European HIV Working Group. JAMA 1996, 276: 118-25.
3. Erickson, J.W., Burt, S.K. Structural mechanisms of HIV drug resistance. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 1996, 36: 545-71.
4. Richman, D.D. Antiretroviral drug resistance: Mechanisms, pathogenesis, clinical significance. Adv Exp Med Biol 1996, 394: 383-95.
5. Notermans, D.W., van Leeuwen, R., Lange, J.M. Treatment of HIV infection. Tolerability of commonly used antiretroviral agents. Drug Saf 1996, 15: 176-87.
6. Davev, R.T. Jr., Chaitt, D.G., Reed, G.F. et al. Randomized, controlled phase I/II trial of combination therapy with delavirdine (U-90152S) and conventional nucleosides in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1996, 40: 1657-64.
7. Murri, R., Antinori, A., Camilli, G., Zannoni, G., Patriarca, G. Fatal toxic epidermolysis induced by zidovudine. Clin Infect Dis 1996, 23: 640-1.
8. Heylen, R., Miller, R. Adverse effects and drug interactions of medications commonly used in the treatment of adult HIV positive patients. Genitourin Med 1996, 72: 237-46.
9. Pantaleo, G., Graziosi, C., Demarest, J.F. et al. HIV infection is active and progressive in lymphoid tissue during the clinically latent stage of disease. Nature 1993, 362: 355-8.
10. Embretson, J., Zupancic, M., Ribas, J.L. et al. Massive covert infection of helper T-lymphocytes and macrophages by HIV during the incubation period of AIDS. Nature 1993, 362: 359-62.
11. Ho, D.D., Neumann, A.U., Perelson, A.S., Chen, W., Leonard, J.M., Markowitz, M. Rapid turnover of plasma virions and CD4 lymphocytes in HIV-1 infection. Nature 1995, 373: 121-26.
12. Wei, X., Ghosh, S.K., Taylor, M.E. et al. Viral dynamics in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. Nature 1995, 373: 117-22.
13. Arnold. E., Das, K., Ding, J. et al. Targeting HIV reverse transcriptase for anti-AIDS drug design: Structural and biological considerations for chemotherapeutic strategies. Drug Des Discov 1996, 13: 29-47.
14. De Clercq, E. Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infections: Strategies to overcome drug resistance development. Med Res Rev 1996, 16: 125-57.
15. Varmus, H., Swanstrom, R. Replication of retroviruses. In: RNA Tumor Viruses. R. Weiss, N. Teich, H. Varmus, J. Coffin (Eds.). Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory: Cold Spring Harbor 1985, 369-512.
16. Weinberg, J.B., Matthews, T.J., Cullen, B.R., Malim, M.H. Productive human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection of nonproliferating human monocytes. J Exp Med 1991, 174: 1477-82.
17. Emerman, M., Bukrinsky, M., Stevenson, M. HIV-1 infection of non-dividing cells. Nature 1994, 369: 107-8.
18. Lewis, P., Emerman, M. Passage through mitosis is required for oncoretroviruses but not for the human immunodeficiency virus. J Virol 1994, 68: 510-6.
19. Bukrinsky, M.I., Haggerty, S., Dempsey, M.P. et al. A nuclear localization signal within HIV-1 matrix protein that governs infection of non-dividing cells. Nature 1993, 365: 666-9.
20. Bukrinsky, M.I., Sharova, N., Dempsey, M.P. et al. Active nuclear import of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 preintegration complex. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1992, 89: 6580-4.
21. Roe, T.Y., Reynolds, T.C., Yu, G., Brown, P.O. Integration of murine leukemia virus DNA depends on mitosis. EMBO J 1993, 12: 2099-108.
22. Heinzinger, N.K., Bukrinsky, M.I., Haggerty, S.A. et al. The Vpr protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 influences nuclear localization of viral nucleic acids in nondividing host cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1994, 91: 7311-5.
23. Von Schwedler, U., Kornbluth, R.S., Trono, D. The nuclear localization signal of the matrix protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 allows the establishment of infection in macrochages and quiescent T-lymphocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1994, 91: 6992-6.
24. Feldherr, C.M., Kallenbach, E., Schultz N. Movement of karyophilic protein through the nuclear pores of oocytes. J Cell Biol 1984, 99: 2216-22.
25. Richter, J.D., Standiford, D. Structure and regulation of nuclear localization signals. In: Nuclear Trafficking. C.M. Feldherr (Ed.). Academic Press, Inc.: San Diego 1992, 89-120.
26. Forbes, D.J. Structure and function of the nuclear pore complex. Annu Rev Cell Biol 1992, 8: 495-527.
27. Adam, S.A., Gerace, L. Cytosolic proteins that specifically bind nuclear location signals are receptors for nuclear import. Cell 1991, 66: 837-46.
28. Gorlich, D., Vogel, F., Mills, A.D., Hartmann, E., Laskey, R.A. Distinct functions for the two importin subunits in nuclear protein import. Nature 1995, 377: 246-8.
29. Gorlich, D., Kostka, S., Kraft, R. et al. Two different subunits of importin cooperate to recognize nuclear localization signals and bind them to the nuclear envelope. Curr Biol 1995, 5: 383-92.
30. Radu, A., Blobel, G., Moore, M.S. Identification of a protein complex that is required for nuclear protein import and mediates docking of import substrate to distinct nucleoporins. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995, 92: 1769-73.
31. Imamoto, N., Shimamoto, T., Takao, T. et al. In vivo evidenced for involvement of a 58 kDa component of nuclear pore-targeting complex in nuclear protein import. EMBO J 1995, 14: 3617-26.
32. Imamoto, N., Shimamoto, T., Kose, S. et al. The nuclear poretargeting complex binds to nuclear pores after association with a karyophile. FEBS Lett 1995, 368: 415-9.
33. Enenkel, C., Blobel, G., Rexach, M. Identification of a yeast karyopherin heterodimer that targets import substrate to mammalian nuclear pore complexes. J Biol Chem 1995, 270: 16499-502.
34. Gorlich, D., Henklein, P., Laskey, R.A., Hartmann, E. A 41 amino acid motif in importin-α confers binding to importing-β and hence transit into the nucleus. EMBO J 1996, 15: 1810-7.
35. Weis, K., Ryder, U., Lamond, A.I. The conserved amino-terminal domain of hSRP1a is essential for nuclear protein import. EMBO J 1996, 15: 1818-25.
36. Moroianu, J., Blobel, G., Radu, A. The binding site of karyopherm-α for karyopherin-β overlaps with a nuclear localization sequence. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1996, 93: 6572-6.
37. Rexach M., Blobel G. Protein import into nuclei: Association and dissociation reactions involving transport substrate, transport factors, and nucleoporins. Cell 1995, 83: 683-92.
38. 2 subunit binds nuclear localization signal and β subunit interacts with peptide repeat-containing nucleoporins. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995, 92: 6532-6.
39. Moore, M.S., Blobel, G. The GTP-binding protein Ran/TC4 is required for protein import into the nucleus. Nature 1993, 365: 661-3.
40. Melchior, F., Paschal, B., Evans, J., Gerace, L. Inhibition of nuclear protein import by nonhydrolyzable analogues of GTP and identification of the small GTPase Ran/TC4 as an essential transport factor. J Cell Biol 1993, 123: 1649-59.
41. Moore, M.S., Blobel, G. Purification of a Ran-interacting protein that is required for protein import into the nucleus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1994, 91: 10212-6.
42. Moore, M.S., Blobel, G. The two steps of nuclear import, targeting to the nuclear envelope and translocation through the nuclear pore, require different cytosolic factors. Cell 1992, 69: 939-50.
43. Nehrbass U., Blobel, G. Role of the nuclear transport factor p10 in nuclear import. Science 1996, 272: 120-2.
44. Gorlich, D., Pante, N., Kutay, U., Aebi, U., Bischoff, F.R. Identification of different roles for RanGDP and RanGTP in nuclear protein import. EMBO J 1996, 15: 5584-94.
45. Adam, S.A. The importance of importin. Trends Cell Biol 1995, 5: 189-91.
46. Gorlich, D., Kraft, R., Kostka, S. et al. Importin provides a link between nuclear protein import and U snRNA export. Cell 1996, 87: 21-32.
47. Massiah, M.A., Starich, M.R., Paschall, C., Summers, M.F., Christensen, A.M., Sundquist, W.I. Three-dimensional structure of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 matrix protein. J Mol Biol 1994, 244: 198-223.
48. Matthews, S., Barlow, P., Boyd, J. et al. Structural similarity between the p17 matrix protein of HIV-1 and interferon-γ. Nature 1994. 370: 666-8.
49. Gallay, P., Stitt, V., Mundy, C., Oettinger, M., Trono, D. Role of the karyopherin pathway in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 nuclear import. J Virol 1996, 70: 1027-32.
50. Popov, S., Dubrovsky, L., Lee, M.-A. et al. Critical role of reverse transcriptase in the inhibitory mechanism of CNI-H0294 on HIV-1 nuclear translocation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1996, 93: 11859-64.
51. Freed, E.O., Martin. M.A. HIV-1 infection of non-dividing cells. Nature 1994, 369: 107-8.
52. Lu, Y.L., Spearman, P., Ratner, L. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 viral protein R localization in infected cells and virions. J Virol 1993, 67: 6542-50.
53. Balliet, J.W., Kolson, D.L., Eiger, G. et al. Distinct effects in primary macrophages and lymphocytes of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 accessory genes vpr, vpu, and nef: Mutational analysis of a primary HIV-1 isolate. Virology 1994, 200: 623-31.
54. Connor, R.I., Chen, B.K., Choe, S., Landau, N.R. Vpris required for efficient replication of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 in mononuclearphagocytes. Virology 1995, 206: 935-44.
55. Di Marzio, P., Choe, S., Ebright, M., Knoblauch, R., Landau, N.R. Mutational analysis of cell cycle arrest, nuclear localization, and virion packaging of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr. J Virol 1995, 69: 7909-16.
56. Yao, X-J., Subbramanian, R.A., Rougeau, N., Boisvert, F., Bergeron, D., Cohen, E.A. Mutagenic analysis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr: Role of a predicted N-terminal α-helical structure in Vpr nuclear localization and virion incorporation. J Virol 1995, 69: 7032-44.
57. Refaeli, Y., Levy, D.N., Weiner, D.B. The glucocorticoid receptor type II complex is a target of the HIV-1 vpr gene product. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995, 92: 3621-5.
58. Zhao, L.J., Wang, L., Mukherjee, S., Narayan, O. Biochemical mechanism of HIV-1 Vpr function. Oligomerization mediated by the N-terminal domain. J Biol Chem 1994, 269: 32131-7.
59. Goldfarb, D.S., Gariepy, J., Schoolnik, G., Kornberg, R.D. Synthetic peptides as nuclear localization signals. Nature 1986, 322: 641-4.
60. Michaud, N., Goldfarb, D.S. Most nuclear proteins are imported by a single pathway. Cell 1993, 208: 1-9.
61. Gulizia, J., Dempsey, M.P., Sharova, N. et al. Reduced nuclear import of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 preintegration complexes in the presence of a prototypic nuclear targeting signal. J Virol 1994, 68: 2021-5.
62. Dubrovsky, L., Ulrich, P., Nuovo, G.J., Manogue, K.R., Cerami, A., Bukrinsky, M. Nuclear localization signal of HIV-1 as a novel target for therapeutic intervention. Mol Med 1995, 1: 217-30.
63. Thomas, E.K., Connelly, R.J., Pennathur, S., Dubrovsky, L., Haffar, O.K., Bukrinsky, M. Anti-idiotypic antibody to the V3 domain of gp120 binds to vimentin: A possible role of intermediate filaments in the early steps of HIV-1 infection cycle. Viral Immunol 1996, 9: 73-87.
64. Haffar, O., Garrigues, J., Travis, B., Moran, P., Zarling, J., Hu, S.-L. Human immunodeficiency virus-like, nonrepeating, gag-env particles assemble in a recombinant vaccinia virus expression system. J Virol 1990, 64: 2653-9.
65. Hatfield, D., Oroszlan, S. The where, what and how of ribosomal frameshifting in retroviral protein synthesis. Trends Biochem Sci 1990, 15: 186-90.
66. Gallay, P., Swingler, S., Song, J., Bushman, F., Trono, D. HIV nuclear import is governed by the phosphotyrosine-mediated binding of matrix to the core domain of integrase. Cell 1995, 83: 569-76.
67. Gallay, P., Swingler, S., Aiken, C., Trono, D. HIV-1 infection of nondividing cells: C-terminal tyrosine phosphorylation of the viral matrix protein is a key regulator. Cell 1995, 80: 379-88.
68. Berger, B.J., Paciorkowski, A., Suskin, M., Dai, W.W., Cerami, A., Ulrich, P. Antimalarial activity of novel arylene bis(methyl ketone) compounds. J Infect Dis 1996, 174: 659-62.