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Lundgren CH, Brown SL, Nordt TK, Sobel BE, Fujii S. Elaboration of type-1 plasminogen activator inhibitor from adipocytes. A potential pathogenic link between obesity and cardiovascular disease. Circulation. 93:1996;106-110.
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Samad F, Yamamoto K, Loskutoff DJ. Distribution and regulation of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in murine adipose tissue in vivo. Induction by tumor necrosis factor alpha and lipopolysaccharide. J Clin Invest. 97:1996;37-46.
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Hu E, Liang P, Spiegelman BM. AdipoQ is a novel adipose-specific gene dysregulated in obesity. J Biol Chem. 271:1996;10697-10703.
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Scherer PE, Williams S, Fogliano M, Baldini G, Lodish HF. A novel serum protein similar to C1qm produced exclusively in adipocytes. J Biol Chem. 270:1996;26746-26749.
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Epstein, F.H.1
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Green H, Kehinde O. Sublines of mouse 3T3 cells that accumulate lipid. Cell. 1:1974;113-116.
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MacDougald OA, Lane MD. Transcriptional regulation of gene expression during adipocyte differentiation. Annu Rev Biochem. 64:1995;345-373.
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Ross SR, Choy L, Graves RA, Fox N, Solevjeva V, Klaus S, Ricquier D, Spiegelman BM. Hibernoma formation in transgenic mice and isolation of a brown adipocyte cell line expressing the uncoupling protein gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 89:1992;7561-7565.
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Ross, S.R.1
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Fox, N.4
Solevjeva, V.5
Klaus, S.6
Ricquier, D.7
Spiegelman, B.M.8
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14
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0028593992
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Adipocyte-specific transcription factor ARF6 is a heterodimeric complex of two nuclear hormone receptors, PPARγ and RXRα
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Tontonoz P, Graves RA, Budavari AI, Erdjument-Bromage H, Lui M, Hu E, Tempst P, Spiegelman BM. Adipocyte-specific transcription factor ARF6 is a heterodimeric complex of two nuclear hormone receptors, PPARγ and RXRα Nucleic Acids Res. 22:1994;5628-5634.
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Tontonoz, P.1
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Erdjument-Bromage, H.4
Lui, M.5
Hu, E.6
Tempst, P.7
Spiegelman, B.M.8
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MPPARγ2: Tissue-specific regulator of an adipocyte enhancer
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Tontonoz P, Hu E, Graves RA, Budavari AI, Spiegelman BM. mPPARγ2: tissue-specific regulator of an adipocyte enhancer. Genes Dev. 8:1994;1224-1234.
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Tontonoz, P.1
Hu, E.2
Graves, R.A.3
Budavari, A.I.4
Spiegelman, B.M.5
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16
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0029102676
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Structural organization of the mouse peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (mPPARγ) gene: Alternative promoter use and different splicing yield two mPPArγ isoforms
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of special interest. This paper reports the genomic structure and location of the mouse PPARγ gene. The PPARγ gene contains two promoters which produce two proteins that differ in the amino termini. The authors identify, by sequence homology, two C/EBP-binding sites in the promoter region of the PPARγ2 isoform, and one in the promoter of the PPARγ1 isoform.
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Zhu Y, Qi C, Korenberg JR, Chen X-N, Noya D, Rao MS, Reddy JK. Structural organization of the mouse peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (mPPARγ) gene: alternative promoter use and different splicing yield two mPPArγ isoforms. of special interest Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 92:1995;7921-7925 This paper reports the genomic structure and location of the mouse PPARγ gene. The PPARγ gene contains two promoters which produce two proteins that differ in the amino termini. The authors identify, by sequence homology, two C/EBP-binding sites in the promoter region of the PPARγ2 isoform, and one in the promoter of the PPARγ1 isoform.
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(1995)
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
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Zhu, Y.1
Qi, C.2
Korenberg, J.R.3
Chen, X.-N.4
Noya, D.5
Rao, M.S.6
Reddy, J.K.7
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17
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0028641559
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Stimulation of adipogenesis in fibroblasts by PPARγ2, a lipid-activated transcription factor
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Tontonoz P, Hu E, Spiegelman BM. Stimulation of adipogenesis in fibroblasts by PPARγ2, a lipid-activated transcription factor. Cell. 79:1994;1147-1156.
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Tontonoz, P.1
Hu, E.2
Spiegelman, B.M.3
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18
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0029016829
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An antidiabetic thiazolidinedione is a high affinity ligand for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
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of outstanding interest. This paper reported that the insulin-sensitizing agents, thiazolidinediones, are ligands for PPARγ. The authors also demonstrated that these compounds promote adipocyte differentiation.
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Lehmann JM, Moore LB, Smith-Oliver TA, Wilkinson WO, Willson TM, Kliewer SA. An antidiabetic thiazolidinedione is a high affinity ligand for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma. of outstanding interest J Biol Chem. 270:1995;12953-12956 This paper reported that the insulin-sensitizing agents, thiazolidinediones, are ligands for PPARγ. The authors also demonstrated that these compounds promote adipocyte differentiation.
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J Biol Chem
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Lehmann, J.M.1
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Smith-Oliver, T.A.3
Wilkinson, W.O.4
Willson, T.M.5
Kliewer, S.A.6
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19
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0028972025
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12,14-prostaglandin J2 is a ligand for the adipocyte determination factor PPAR gamma
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of outstanding interest. The authors of this paper, together with those of [23], identified a naturally occurring PPARγ ligand, 15-d-PGJ2. They also reported that thiazolidinediones are ligands for PPARγ. Furthermore, the authors [19] demonstrate that both compounds could stimulate adipocyte differentiation when applied to fibroblastic cells ectopically expressing PPARγ.
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12,14-prostaglandin J2 is a ligand for the adipocyte determination factor PPAR gamma. of outstanding interest Cell. 83:1995;803-812 The authors of this paper, together with those of [23], identified a naturally occurring PPARγ ligand, 15-d-PGJ2. They also reported that thiazolidinediones are ligands for PPARγ. Furthermore, the authors [19] demonstrate that both compounds could stimulate adipocyte differentiation when applied to fibroblastic cells ectopically expressing PPARγ.
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Cell
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Forman, B.M.1
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Chen, J.3
Brun, R.P.4
Speigelman, B.M.5
Evans, R.M.6
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20
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Adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein: Regulation of gene expression in vivo and in vitro by an insulin-sensitizing agent
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Kletzian RF, Foellmi LA, Harris PK, Wyse BM, Clarke SD. Adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein: regulation of gene expression in vivo and in vitro by an insulin-sensitizing agent. Mol Pharmacol. 42:1992;558-562.
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Kletzian, R.F.1
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21
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Evidence for a common mechanism of action for fatty acids and thiazolidinedione antidiabetic agents on gene expression in preadipose cells
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Ibrahimi A, Teboul L, Gaillard D, Amri EZ, Aihaud G, Young P, Cawthorne MA, Grimaldi PA. Evidence for a common mechanism of action for fatty acids and thiazolidinedione antidiabetic agents on gene expression in preadipose cells. Mol Pharmacol. 46:1994;1070-1076.
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Ibrahimi, A.1
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Amri, E.Z.4
Aihaud, G.5
Young, P.6
Cawthorne, M.A.7
Grimaldi, P.A.8
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22
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0028321529
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Differential expression and activation of a family of murine peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors
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Kliewer SA, Forman BM, Blumberg B, Ong ES, Borgmeyer U, Mangelsdorf DJ, Umesono K, Evans RM. Differential expression and activation of a family of murine peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 91:1994;7355-7359.
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Kliewer, S.A.1
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Blumberg, B.3
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Borgmeyer, U.5
Mangelsdorf, D.J.6
Umesono, K.7
Evans, R.M.8
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23
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0028972026
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A prostaglandin J2 metabolite binds peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and promotes adipocyte differentiation
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of outstanding interest. The authors of this paper, together with those of [19], demonstrated that 15-d PGJ2 is a ligand for PPARγ. Furthermore, the authors show that treatment of fibroblastic cells with 15-d-PGJ2 stimulates adipocyte differentiation.
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Kliewer SA, Lenhard JM, Willson TM, Patel I, Morris DC, Lehmann JM. A prostaglandin J2 metabolite binds peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and promotes adipocyte differentiation. of outstanding interest Cell. 83:1995;813-819 The authors of this paper, together with those of [19], demonstrated that 15-d PGJ2 is a ligand for PPARγ. Furthermore, the authors show that treatment of fibroblastic cells with 15-d-PGJ2 stimulates adipocyte differentiation.
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Cell
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Kliewer, S.A.1
Lenhard, J.M.2
Willson, T.M.3
Patel, I.4
Morris, D.C.5
Lehmann, J.M.6
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24
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0028802627
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Differential activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors by eicosanoids
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Yu K, Bayona W, Kallen CB, Harding HP, Ravera CP, McMahon G, Brown M, Lazar MA. Differential activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors by eicosanoids. J Biol Chem. 270:1995;23975-23983.
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J Biol Chem
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Yu, K.1
Bayona, W.2
Kallen, C.B.3
Harding, H.P.4
Ravera, C.P.5
McMahon, G.6
Brown, M.7
Lazar, M.A.8
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25
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Cloning of a protein that mediates transcriptional effects of fatty acids in preadipocytes
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Amri E-Z, Bonino F, Ailhaud G, Abumrad NA, Grimaldi P. Cloning of a protein that mediates transcriptional effects of fatty acids in preadipocytes. J Biol Chem. 270:1995;2367-2371.
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J Biol Chem
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Amri, E.-Z.1
Bonino, F.2
Ailhaud, G.3
Abumrad, N.A.4
Grimaldi, P.5
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26
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0029981772
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Differential activation of adipogenesis by multiple PPAR isoforms
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of special interest. This paper assesses the adipogenic potential of the three PPAR isoforms when retrovirally expressed and activated in fibroblasts. Although PPARγ is clearly the most adipogenic, PPARα is capable of inducing differentiation. Expression and activation of PPARδ did not initiate the adipocyte-differentiation program. Coexpression of the PPAR isoforms with C/EBPα demonstrated that only PPARγ is able to synergize with C/EBPα in the stimulation of adipogenesis.
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Brun RP, Tontonoz P, Forman BM, Ellis R, Chen J, Evans RM, Speigelman BM. Differential activation of adipogenesis by multiple PPAR isoforms. of special interest Genes Dev. 10:1996;974-984 This paper assesses the adipogenic potential of the three PPAR isoforms when retrovirally expressed and activated in fibroblasts. Although PPARγ is clearly the most adipogenic, PPARα is capable of inducing differentiation. Expression and activation of PPARδ did not initiate the adipocyte-differentiation program. Coexpression of the PPAR isoforms with C/EBPα demonstrated that only PPARγ is able to synergize with C/EBPα in the stimulation of adipogenesis.
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(1996)
Genes Dev
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Brun, R.P.1
Tontonoz, P.2
Forman, B.M.3
Ellis, R.4
Chen, J.5
Evans, R.M.6
Speigelman, B.M.7
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27
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0028895004
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Thiazolidinediones and fatty acids convert myogenic cells into adipose-like cells
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Teboul L, Gaillard D, Staccini L, Inadera H, Amri EZ, Grimaldi PA. Thiazolidinediones and fatty acids convert myogenic cells into adipose-like cells. J Biol Chem. 270:1995;28183-28187.
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J Biol Chem
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Teboul, L.1
Gaillard, D.2
Staccini, L.3
Inadera, H.4
Amri, E.Z.5
Grimaldi, P.A.6
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28
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Regulated expression of three C/EBP isoforms during adipose conversion of 3T3-L1 cells
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Cao Z, Umek RM, McKnight SL. Regulated expression of three C/EBP isoforms during adipose conversion of 3T3-L1 cells. Genes Dev. 5:1991;1538-1552.
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Cao, Z.1
Umek, R.M.2
McKnight, S.L.3
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29
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0028878375
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Cascade regulation of terminal adipocyte differentiation by three members of the C/EBP family of leucine zipper proteins
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of special interest. This paper demonstrates that C/EBPβ and C/EBPδ play early catalytic roles in adipocyte differentiation, relaying the effects of DEX and MIX. The authors demonstrate that ectopic expression of C/EBPβ in preadipocytes removes the need for an external hormonal stimulus, and that expression of C/EBPβ in fibroblasts can result in adipogenic conversion upon hormonal stimulation.
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Yeh W-C, Cao Z, Classon M, McKnight SL. Cascade regulation of terminal adipocyte differentiation by three members of the C/EBP family of leucine zipper proteins. of special interest Genes Dev. 9:1995;168-181 This paper demonstrates that C/EBPβ and C/EBPδ play early catalytic roles in adipocyte differentiation, relaying the effects of DEX and MIX. The authors demonstrate that ectopic expression of C/EBPβ in preadipocytes removes the need for an external hormonal stimulus, and that expression of C/EBPβ in fibroblasts can result in adipogenic conversion upon hormonal stimulation.
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Genes Dev
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Yeh, W.-C.1
Cao, Z.2
Classon, M.3
McKnight, S.L.4
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30
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0028971225
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Conditional ectopic expression of C/EBP beta in NIH-3T3 cells induces PPAR gamma and stimulates adipogenesis
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of outstanding interest. The authors of this paper demonstrate that ectopic expression of C/EBPβ in fibroblasts induces PPARγ expression. Furthermore, treatment of fibroblasts expressing C/EBPβ with a PPAR activator stimulates adipocyte differentiation.
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Wu Z, Xie Y, Bucher N.L., Farmer SR. Conditional ectopic expression of C/EBP beta in NIH-3T3 cells induces PPAR gamma and stimulates adipogenesis. of outstanding interest Genes Dev. 9:1995;2350-2363 The authors of this paper demonstrate that ectopic expression of C/EBPβ in fibroblasts induces PPARγ expression. Furthermore, treatment of fibroblasts expressing C/EBPβ with a PPAR activator stimulates adipocyte differentiation.
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Genes Dev
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Wu, Z.1
Xie, Y.2
Bucher, N.L.3
Farmer, S.R.4
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31
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0029905399
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Induction of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma during the conversion of 3T3 fibroblasts into adipocytes is mediated by C/EBP beta, C/EBP delta, and glucocortcoids
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of special interest. This paper reports that ectopic expression of both C/EBPβ and C/EBPδ in fibroblasts results in the induction of higher levels of PPARγ than the levels that are induced by the sole expression of either C/EBP, suggesting that heterodimers of these factors are required for optimal expression of PPARγ. Furthermore, dexamethasone increases the expression of the PPARγ gene further, in the absense of protein synthesis, suggesting a direct effect of glucocorticoids on PPARγ gene expression.
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Wu Z, Bucher NLR, Farmer SR. Induction of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma during the conversion of 3T3 fibroblasts into adipocytes is mediated by C/EBP beta, C/EBP delta, and glucocortcoids. of special interest Mol Cell Biol. 16:1996;4128-4136 This paper reports that ectopic expression of both C/EBPβ and C/EBPδ in fibroblasts results in the induction of higher levels of PPARγ than the levels that are induced by the sole expression of either C/EBP, suggesting that heterodimers of these factors are required for optimal expression of PPARγ. Furthermore, dexamethasone increases the expression of the PPARγ gene further, in the absense of protein synthesis, suggesting a direct effect of glucocorticoids on PPARγ gene expression.
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Mol Cell Biol
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Wu, Z.1
Bucher, N.L.R.2
Farmer, S.R.3
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A direct role for C/EBP and the AP-1 binding site in gene expression linked to adipocyte differentiation
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Herrera R, Ro HS, Robinson GS, Xanthopoulos KG, Spiegelman BM. A direct role for C/EBP and the AP-1 binding site in gene expression linked to adipocyte differentiation. Mol Cell Biol. 9:1989;5331-5339.
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Spiegelman, B.M.5
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Miller SG, Devos P, Guerremillo M, Wong K, Hermann T, Staels B, Briggs MR, Auwerx J. The adipocyte specific transcription factor C/EBP alpha modulates human ob gene expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 93:1996;5507-5511.
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Miller, S.G.1
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Auwerx, J.8
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Christy RJ, Yang VW, Ntambi JM, Geiman DE, Landschulz WM, Friedman AD, Nakabeppu Y, Kelly TJ, Lane MD. Differentiation-induced gene expression in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes: CCAAT/enhancer binding protein interacts with and activates the promoters of two adipocyte-specific genes. Genes Dev. 3:1989;1323-1335.
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Landschulz, W.M.5
Friedman, A.D.6
Nakabeppu, Y.7
Kelly, T.J.8
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Ectopic expression of the CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α promotes the adipogenic program in a variety of mouse fibroblastic cells
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Freytag SO, Paielli DL, Gilbert JD. Ectopic expression of the CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α promotes the adipogenic program in a variety of mouse fibroblastic cells. Genes Dev. 8:1994;1654-1663.
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Freytag, S.O.1
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40
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Antisense CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein RNA suppresses coordinate gene expression and triglyceride accumulation during differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes
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Lin FT, Lane MD. Antisense CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein RNA suppresses coordinate gene expression and triglyceride accumulation during differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Genes Dev. 6:1992;533-544.
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Lin, F.T.1
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41
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0029160028
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Impaired energy homeostasis in C/EBP alpha knockout mice
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of outstanding interest. This paper examines the effect of deletion of the C/EBPα gene on murine development. C/EBPα-knockout mice have defects in hepatic glycogen storage and die shortly after birth from hypoglycemia. Although adipocytes are still present in these animals, they fail to accumulate lipid. Expression of UCP in brown fat is also markedly reduced postpartum.
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Wang N, Finegold MJ, Bradley A, Ou CN, Abdelsayed SV, Wilde MD, Taylor LR, Wilson DR, Darlington GJ. Impaired energy homeostasis in C/EBP alpha knockout mice. of outstanding interest Science. 269:1995;1108-1112 This paper examines the effect of deletion of the C/EBPα gene on murine development. C/EBPα-knockout mice have defects in hepatic glycogen storage and die shortly after birth from hypoglycemia. Although adipocytes are still present in these animals, they fail to accumulate lipid. Expression of UCP in brown fat is also markedly reduced postpartum.
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Science
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Wang, N.1
Finegold, M.J.2
Bradley, A.3
Ou, C.N.4
Abdelsayed, S.V.5
Wilde, M.D.6
Taylor, L.R.7
Wilson, D.R.8
Darlington, G.J.9
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42
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0028871780
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Transdifferentiation of myoblasts by the adipogenic transcription factors PPAR gamma and C/EBP alpha
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of special interest. This paper demonstrates that ectopic expression of PPARγ or C/EBPα alone is sufficient to inhibit myogenesis in predetermined myoblasts. Furthermore, coexpression of these two factors promotes transdifferentiation of these cells into adipocytes, demonstrating a powerful synergy between PPARγ and C/EBPα in adipogenesis.
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Hu E, Tontonoz P, Spiegelman BM. Transdifferentiation of myoblasts by the adipogenic transcription factors PPAR gamma and C/EBP alpha. of special interest Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 92:1995;9856-9860 This paper demonstrates that ectopic expression of PPARγ or C/EBPα alone is sufficient to inhibit myogenesis in predetermined myoblasts. Furthermore, coexpression of these two factors promotes transdifferentiation of these cells into adipocytes, demonstrating a powerful synergy between PPARγ and C/EBPα in adipogenesis.
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Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
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Hu, E.1
Tontonoz, P.2
Spiegelman, B.M.3
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43
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ADD1: A novel helix-loop-helix transcription factor associated with adipocyte determination and differentiation
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Tontonoz P, Kim JB, Graves RA, Spiegelman BM. ADD1: a novel helix-loop-helix transcription factor associated with adipocyte determination and differentiation. Mol Cell Biol. 13:1993;4753-4759.
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Tontonoz, P.1
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Graves, R.A.3
Spiegelman, B.M.4
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44
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0024378079
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Interactions between heterologous helix-loop-helix proteins generate complexes that bind specifically to a common DNA sequence
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Murre CS, McCaw PS, Vassin H, Caudy M, Jan LY, Jan YN, Cabrera CV, Buskin JN, Hauschka S, Lassar AB, et al. Interactions between heterologous helix-loop-helix proteins generate complexes that bind specifically to a common DNA sequence. Cell. 58:1989;537-544.
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Jan, Y.N.6
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Lassar, A.B.10
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Davis, R.L.1
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Weintraub, H.4
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46
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of outstanding interest. This study describes the biological role of ADD1/SREBP1 as it relates to adipocyte differentiation and fatty acid metabolism. In addition, this work demonstrates that ectopic expression of ADD1 can induce the expression of the fatty acid synthetase and lipoprotein lipase genes, which encode two key enzymes involved in fatty acid metabolism in fat tissue.
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Kim JB, Spiegelman BM. ADD1/SREBP1 promotes adipocyte differentiation and gene expression linked to fatty acid metabolism. of outstanding interest Genes Dev. 10:1996;1096-1107 This study describes the biological role of ADD1/SREBP1 as it relates to adipocyte differentiation and fatty acid metabolism. In addition, this work demonstrates that ectopic expression of ADD1 can induce the expression of the fatty acid synthetase and lipoprotein lipase genes, which encode two key enzymes involved in fatty acid metabolism in fat tissue.
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Kim, J.B.1
Spiegelman, B.M.2
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47
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Nuclear protein that binds sterol regulatory element of low density lipoprotein receptor promoter. II. Purification and characterization
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Wang X, Briggs MR, Hua X, Yokoyama C, Goldstein JL, Brown MS. Nuclear protein that binds sterol regulatory element of low density lipoprotein receptor promoter. II. Purification and characterization. J Biol Chem. 268:1993;14497-14504.
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Wang, X.1
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Hua, X.3
Yokoyama, C.4
Goldstein, J.L.5
Brown, M.S.6
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48
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0027490174
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SREPB-1, a basic-helix-loop-helix-leucine zipper protein that controls transcription of the low density lipoprotein receptor gene
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Yokoyama C, Wang X, Briggs MR, Admon A, Wu J, Hua X, Goldstein JL, Brown MS. SREPB-1, a basic-helix-loop-helix-leucine zipper protein that controls transcription of the low density lipoprotein receptor gene. Cell. 75:1993;187-197.
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Yokoyama, C.1
Wang, X.2
Briggs, M.R.3
Admon, A.4
Wu, J.5
Hua, X.6
Goldstein, J.L.7
Brown, M.S.8
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49
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Identification of the nucleotides responsible for enhancer activity of sterol regulatory element in low density lipoprotein receptor gene
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Smith JR, Osborne TF, Godstein JL, Brown MS. Identification of the nucleotides responsible for enhancer activity of sterol regulatory element in low density lipoprotein receptor gene. J Biol Chem. 265:1990;2306-2310.
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Smith, J.R.1
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Brown, M.S.4
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50
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0028963743
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Dual DNA binding specificity of ADD1/SREBP1 controlled by a single amino acid in the basic helix-loop-helix domain
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of outstanding interest. This paper describes the dual DNA-binding specificity of ADD1/SREBP1, and demonstrates that this dual DNA-binding specificity is conferred by the presence of a nonconserved tyrosine residue in the basic domain.
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Kum JB, Spotts GD, Halvorsen YD, Shih HM, Ellenberger R, Towle HC, Spiegelman BM. Dual DNA binding specificity of ADD1/SREBP1 controlled by a single amino acid in the basic helix-loop-helix domain. of outstanding interest Mol Cell Biol. 15:1995;2582-2588 This paper describes the dual DNA-binding specificity of ADD1/SREBP1, and demonstrates that this dual DNA-binding specificity is conferred by the presence of a nonconserved tyrosine residue in the basic domain.
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Mol Cell Biol
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Kum, J.B.1
Spotts, G.D.2
Halvorsen, Y.D.3
Shih, H.M.4
Ellenberger, R.5
Towle, H.C.6
Spiegelman, B.M.7
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51
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0028225462
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SREBP-1, a membrane-bound transcription factor released by sterol-regulated proteolysis
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Wang X, Sato R, Brown MS, Hua X, Goldstein JL. SREBP-1, a membrane-bound transcription factor released by sterol-regulated proteolysis. Cell. 77:1994;53-62.
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Wang, X.1
Sato, R.2
Brown, M.S.3
Hua, X.4
Goldstein, J.L.5
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52
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0028133279
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Sterol-resistant transcription in CHO cells caused by gene rearrangement that truncates SREBP-2
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Yang J, Sato R, Goldstein JL, Brown MS. Sterol-resistant transcription in CHO cells caused by gene rearrangement that truncates SREBP-2. Genes Dev. 8:1994;1910-1919.
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Yang, J.1
Sato, R.2
Goldstein, J.L.3
Brown, M.S.4
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Cellular and molecular aspects of adipose tissue development
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Ailhaud G, Grimaldi P, Negrel R. Cellular and molecular aspects of adipose tissue development. Annu Rev Nutr. 12:1992;207-233.
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Control of adipocyte differentiation
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Smas CM, Sul H.S. Control of adipocyte differentiation. Biochem J. 309:1995;697-710.
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Smas, C.M.1
Sul, H.S.2
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57
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0030000088
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Regulation of PPAR gamma gene expression by nutrition and obesity in rodents
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of special interest. This paper examines the expression of PPARγ isoforms (γ1 and γ2) in various mouse tissues including adipose tissue and liver. In particular, the study demonstrates that fasting causes a dramatic reduction of PPARγ mRNA and protein. Infusion of insulin partially restores PPARγ gene expression. The influence of dietary fat and obesity state on PPARγ gene expression is also examined.
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Vidalpuig A, Jimenezlinan M, Lowell BB, Hamann A, Hu E, Speigelman B, Flier JS, Moller DE. Regulation of PPAR gamma gene expression by nutrition and obesity in rodents. of special interest J Clin Invest. 97:1996;2553-2561 This paper examines the expression of PPARγ isoforms (γ1 and γ2) in various mouse tissues including adipose tissue and liver. In particular, the study demonstrates that fasting causes a dramatic reduction of PPARγ mRNA and protein. Infusion of insulin partially restores PPARγ gene expression. The influence of dietary fat and obesity state on PPARγ gene expression is also examined.
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(1996)
J Clin Invest
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Vidalpuig, A.1
Jimenezlinan, M.2
Lowell, B.B.3
Hamann, A.4
Hu, E.5
Speigelman, B.6
Flier, J.S.7
Moller, D.E.8
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58
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SREBP-1 mediates activation of the low density lipoprotein receptor promoter by insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1
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Streicher R, Kotzka J, Muller-Wieland D, Siemeister G, Munck M, Avci H, Krone W. SREBP-1 mediates activation of the low density lipoprotein receptor promoter by insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1. J Biol Chem. 271:1996;7128-7133.
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Streicher, R.1
Kotzka, J.2
Muller-Wieland, D.3
Siemeister, G.4
Munck, M.5
Avci, H.6
Krone, W.7
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59
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0028950216
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Insulin regulates transcription of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP) alpha, beta, and delta genes in fully-differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes
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of special interest. This study demonstrates that, in mature adipocytes, insulin differentially regulates the expression of C/EBPα, β and δ, causing a rapid increase in C/EBPβ and δ expression but a gradual decrease in C/EBPα expression. Furthermore, the phosphorylation status of C/EBPα is also shown to be affected by insulin.
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MacDougald OA, Cornelius P, Liu R, Lane MD. Insulin regulates transcription of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP) alpha, beta, and delta genes in fully-differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. of special interest J Biol Chem. 270:1995;647-654 This study demonstrates that, in mature adipocytes, insulin differentially regulates the expression of C/EBPα, β and δ, causing a rapid increase in C/EBPβ and δ expression but a gradual decrease in C/EBPα expression. Furthermore, the phosphorylation status of C/EBPα is also shown to be affected by insulin.
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(1995)
J Biol Chem
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MacDougald, O.A.1
Cornelius, P.2
Liu, R.3
Lane, M.D.4
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60
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0026029709
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CCAAT/enhancer binding protein gene promoter: Binding of nuclear factors during differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes
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Christy RJ, Yang VW, Ntambi JM, Geiman DE, Landschulz WH, Lane MD. CCAAT/enhancer binding protein gene promoter: binding of nuclear factors during differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 88:1991;2593-2597.
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Christy, R.J.1
Yang, V.W.2
Ntambi, J.M.3
Geiman, D.E.4
Landschulz, W.H.5
Lane, M.D.6
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61
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0028278336
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CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins alpha and beta are transcriptional activators of the brown fat uncoupling protein gene promoter
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Yubero P, Manchado C, Cassard-Doulcier A, Mampel T, Vinas O, Iglesias R, Giralt M, Villaroya F. CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins alpha and beta are transcriptional activators of the brown fat uncoupling protein gene promoter. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 198:1994;653-659.
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Yubero, P.1
Manchado, C.2
Cassard-Doulcier, A.3
Mampel, T.4
Vinas, O.5
Iglesias, R.6
Giralt, M.7
Villaroya, F.8
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62
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Rehnmark S, Antonson P, Xanthopoulos KG, Jacobsson A. Differential regulation of C/EBP alpha and C/EBP beta in brown adipose tissue. FEBS Lett. 318:1993;235-241.
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63
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Differentiation-dependent expression of the brown adipocyte uncoupling protein gene: Regulation by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
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of outstanding interest. Using the established brown preadipocyte cell line H1B-1B, the authors establish that PPARγ is an important transcription factor that controls the differentiation-dependent expression of UCP. A PPARγ-RXRα-binding site is identified in the UCP-gene promoter. This element is capable of directing the expression of a reporter gene in differentiated H1B-adipocytes and responds to PPARγ activators. In addition, the authors observed that a 220 bp (base pair) enhancer element containing the PPARγ-binding site is active in H1B-1B preadipocytes but not in fibroblasts, suggesting that this 220 bp region may also contains cis-element(s) that control the tissue-specific expression of the UCP.
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Sears IB, MacGinnitie MA, Kovacs LG, Graves RA. Differentiation-dependent expression of the brown adipocyte uncoupling protein gene: regulation by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma. of outstanding interest Mol Cell Biol. 16:1996;3410-3419 Using the established brown preadipocyte cell line H1B-1B, the authors establish that PPARγ is an important transcription factor that controls the differentiation-dependent expression of UCP. A PPARγ-RXRα-binding site is identified in the UCP-gene promoter. This element is capable of directing the expression of a reporter gene in differentiated H1B-adipocytes and responds to PPARγ activators. In addition, the authors observed that a 220 bp (base pair) enhancer element containing the PPARγ-binding site is active in H1B-1B preadipocytes but not in fibroblasts, suggesting that this 220 bp region may also contains cis-element(s) that control the tissue-specific expression of the UCP.
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Mol Cell Biol
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Sears, I.B.1
MacGinnitie, M.A.2
Kovacs, L.G.3
Graves, R.A.4
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