X-ray crystal structures and the facile oxidative (Au-C) cleavage of the dimethylaurate(I) and tetramethylaurate(III) homologues

Organometallics

Volumn 18, Issue 11, 1999, Pages 2241-2248

  Zhu, Dimming ^a   Lindeman, Sergey V ^a   Kochi, Jay K ^a  

^a University of Houston   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0000732374     PISSN: 02767333     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/om990043s     Document Type: Article

References (74)

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19. Dialkylcopper(II) species were also proposed as the metastable intermediates in the oxidative decomposition of dialkylcuprate(I) effected by oxidants such as oxygen, nitrobenzene, copper(II) salts, and benzophenone. However, in these cases, the alkylcuprates were generated in situ and the fate of the various oxidants was unclear: Whitesides, G. M.; San Filippo, J.; Casey, C. P.; Panek, E. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1967, 89, 5302.
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24. Dimethylaurate(I) and tetramethylaurate(III) have been shown by spectral methods to have linear and square-planar structures, respectively, in accord with other two-coordinate gold(I) and four-coordinate gold(III) complexes: Rice, G. W.; Tobias, R. S. Inorg. Chem. 1976, 15, 489.
25. A few X-ray structures of bis(perfluorophenyl)aurate(I) and bis-(alkynyl)aurate(I) are known: (a) Uson, R.; Laguna, A.; Vicente, J.; Garcia, J.; Jones, P. G.; Sheldrick, G. M. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 1981, 655. (b) Uson, R.; Laguna, A.; Laguna, M.; Lazaro, I.; Morata, A.; Jones, P. G.; Sheldrick, G. M. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 1986, 669. (c) Jones, P. G. Z. Kristallogr. 1993, 208, 347. (d) Murray, H. H.; Briggs, D. A.; Garzon, G.; Raptis, R. G.; Porter, L. C.; Fackler, J. P., Jr. Organometallics 1987, 6, 1992. (e) Smith, D. E.; Welch, A. J.; Treurnicht, I.; Puddephatt, R. J. Inorg. Chem. 1986, 25, 4616. (f) Che, C.-M.; Yip, H.-K.; Lo, W.-C.; Peng, S.-M. Polyhedron 1994, 13, 887. (g) Vicente, J.; Chicote, M.-T.; Abrisqueta, M.-D.; Jones, P. G. Organometallics 1997, 16, 5628.
26. A few X-ray structures of bis(perfluorophenyl)aurate(I) and bis-(alkynyl)aurate(I) are known: (a) Uson, R.; Laguna, A.; Vicente, J.; Garcia, J.; Jones, P. G.; Sheldrick, G. M. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 1981, 655. (b) Uson, R.; Laguna, A.; Laguna, M.; Lazaro, I.; Morata, A.; Jones, P. G.; Sheldrick, G. M. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 1986, 669. (c) Jones, P. G. Z. Kristallogr. 1993, 208, 347. (d) Murray, H. H.; Briggs, D. A.; Garzon, G.; Raptis, R. G.; Porter, L. C.; Fackler, J. P., Jr. Organometallics 1987, 6, 1992. (e) Smith, D. E.; Welch, A. J.; Treurnicht, I.; Puddephatt, R. J. Inorg. Chem. 1986, 25, 4616. (f) Che, C.-M.; Yip, H.-K.; Lo, W.-C.; Peng, S.-M. Polyhedron 1994, 13, 887. (g) Vicente, J.; Chicote, M.-T.; Abrisqueta, M.-D.; Jones, P. G. Organometallics 1997, 16, 5628.
27. A few X-ray structures of bis(perfluorophenyl)aurate(I) and bis-(alkynyl)aurate(I) are known: (a) Uson, R.; Laguna, A.; Vicente, J.; Garcia, J.; Jones, P. G.; Sheldrick, G. M. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 1981, 655. (b) Uson, R.; Laguna, A.; Laguna, M.; Lazaro, I.; Morata, A.; Jones, P. G.; Sheldrick, G. M. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 1986, 669. (c) Jones, P. G. Z. Kristallogr. 1993, 208, 347. (d) Murray, H. H.; Briggs, D. A.; Garzon, G.; Raptis, R. G.; Porter, L. C.; Fackler, J. P., Jr. Organometallics 1987, 6, 1992. (e) Smith, D. E.; Welch, A. J.; Treurnicht, I.; Puddephatt, R. J. Inorg. Chem. 1986, 25, 4616. (f) Che, C.-M.; Yip, H.-K.; Lo, W.-C.; Peng, S.-M. Polyhedron 1994, 13, 887. (g) Vicente, J.; Chicote, M.-T.; Abrisqueta, M.-D.; Jones, P. G. Organometallics 1997, 16, 5628.
28. A few X-ray structures of bis(perfluorophenyl)aurate(I) and bis-(alkynyl)aurate(I) are known: (a) Uson, R.; Laguna, A.; Vicente, J.; Garcia, J.; Jones, P. G.; Sheldrick, G. M. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 1981, 655. (b) Uson, R.; Laguna, A.; Laguna, M.; Lazaro, I.; Morata, A.; Jones, P. G.; Sheldrick, G. M. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 1986, 669. (c) Jones, P. G. Z. Kristallogr. 1993, 208, 347. (d) Murray, H. H.; Briggs, D. A.; Garzon, G.; Raptis, R. G.; Porter, L. C.; Fackler, J. P., Jr. Organometallics 1987, 6, 1992. (e) Smith, D. E.; Welch, A. J.; Treurnicht, I.; Puddephatt, R. J. Inorg. Chem. 1986, 25, 4616. (f) Che, C.-M.; Yip, H.-K.; Lo, W.-C.; Peng, S.-M. Polyhedron 1994, 13, 887. (g) Vicente, J.; Chicote, M.-T.; Abrisqueta, M.-D.; Jones, P. G. Organometallics 1997, 16, 5628.
29. A few X-ray structures of bis(perfluorophenyl)aurate(I) and bis-(alkynyl)aurate(I) are known: (a) Uson, R.; Laguna, A.; Vicente, J.; Garcia, J.; Jones, P. G.; Sheldrick, G. M. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 1981, 655. (b) Uson, R.; Laguna, A.; Laguna, M.; Lazaro, I.; Morata, A.; Jones, P. G.; Sheldrick, G. M. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 1986, 669. (c) Jones, P. G. Z. Kristallogr. 1993, 208, 347. (d) Murray, H. H.; Briggs, D. A.; Garzon, G.; Raptis, R. G.; Porter, L. C.; Fackler, J. P., Jr. Organometallics 1987, 6, 1992. (e) Smith, D. E.; Welch, A. J.; Treurnicht, I.; Puddephatt, R. J. Inorg. Chem. 1986, 25, 4616. (f) Che, C.-M.; Yip, H.-K.; Lo, W.-C.; Peng, S.-M. Polyhedron 1994, 13, 887. (g) Vicente, J.; Chicote, M.-T.; Abrisqueta, M.-D.; Jones, P. G. Organometallics 1997, 16, 5628.
30. A few X-ray structures of bis(perfluorophenyl)aurate(I) and bis-(alkynyl)aurate(I) are known: (a) Uson, R.; Laguna, A.; Vicente, J.; Garcia, J.; Jones, P. G.; Sheldrick, G. M. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 1981, 655. (b) Uson, R.; Laguna, A.; Laguna, M.; Lazaro, I.; Morata, A.; Jones, P. G.; Sheldrick, G. M. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 1986, 669. (c) Jones, P. G. Z. Kristallogr. 1993, 208, 347. (d) Murray, H. H.; Briggs, D. A.; Garzon, G.; Raptis, R. G.; Porter, L. C.; Fackler, J. P., Jr. Organometallics 1987, 6, 1992. (e) Smith, D. E.; Welch, A. J.; Treurnicht, I.; Puddephatt, R. J. Inorg. Chem. 1986, 25, 4616. (f) Che, C.-M.; Yip, H.-K.; Lo, W.-C.; Peng, S.-M. Polyhedron 1994, 13, 887. (g) Vicente, J.; Chicote, M.-T.; Abrisqueta, M.-D.; Jones, P. G. Organometallics 1997, 16, 5628.
31. A few X-ray structures of bis(perfluorophenyl)aurate(I) and bis-(alkynyl)aurate(I) are known: (a) Uson, R.; Laguna, A.; Vicente, J.; Garcia, J.; Jones, P. G.; Sheldrick, G. M. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 1981, 655. (b) Uson, R.; Laguna, A.; Laguna, M.; Lazaro, I.; Morata, A.; Jones, P. G.; Sheldrick, G. M. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 1986, 669. (c) Jones, P. G. Z. Kristallogr. 1993, 208, 347. (d) Murray, H. H.; Briggs, D. A.; Garzon, G.; Raptis, R. G.; Porter, L. C.; Fackler, J. P., Jr. Organometallics 1987, 6, 1992. (e) Smith, D. E.; Welch, A. J.; Treurnicht, I.; Puddephatt, R. J. Inorg. Chem. 1986, 25, 4616. (f) Che, C.-M.; Yip, H.-K.; Lo, W.-C.; Peng, S.-M. Polyhedron 1994, 13, 887. (g) Vicente, J.; Chicote, M.-T.; Abrisqueta, M.-D.; Jones, P. G. Organometallics 1997, 16, 5628.
32. The conformation of methyl groups in dimethylaurate(I) (considering the position of the hydrogen atoms) is eclipsed with the H-C⋯ C-H angle being about 10°.
33. -: (d) Schlueter, J. A.; Geiser, U.; Wang, H. H.; VanZile, M. L.; Fox, S. B.; Williams, J. M.; Laguna, A.; Laguna, M.; Naumann, D.; Roy, T. Inorg. Chem. 1997, 36, 4265.
34. -: (d) Schlueter, J. A.; Geiser, U.; Wang, H. H.; VanZile, M. L.; Fox, S. B.; Williams, J. M.; Laguna, A.; Laguna, M.; Naumann, D.; Roy, T. Inorg. Chem. 1997, 36, 4265.
35. -: (d) Schlueter, J. A.; Geiser, U.; Wang, H. H.; VanZile, M. L.; Fox, S. B.; Williams, J. M.; Laguna, A.; Laguna, M.; Naumann, D.; Roy, T. Inorg. Chem. 1997, 36, 4265.
36. -: (d) Schlueter, J. A.; Geiser, U.; Wang, H. H.; VanZile, M. L.; Fox, S. B.; Williams, J. M.; Laguna, A.; Laguna, M.; Naumann, D.; Roy, T. Inorg. Chem. 1997, 36, 4265.
37. The tetramethylaurate(III) anion is centrosymmetric, and the conformations of the trans methyl groups (considering the positions of the hydrogen atoms) are staggered.
38. 17
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47. Similar results were obtained when p-chlorobenzenediazonium cation was used as the oxidant in the trapping experiment.
48. To trap the dimethylgold(II) intermediate, at least 2 equiv of 9,10-phenanthrenequinone was required (see Experimental Section).
49. A small amount of phenanthrenehydroquinone was admixed with the phenanthrenequinone (see Experimental Section).
50. 197Au were not resolved due to the line broadening, which might have resulted from an electron exchange between the phenanthrenequinone anion radical and the Au center or the unreduced phenanthrenequinone: Wertz, J. E.; Bolton, J. R. Electron Spin Resonance: Elementary Theory and Practical Applications; McGraw-Hill: New York, 1972.
51. 197Au is ∼0.3 G.
52. 2) in equilibrium with the monomer, implying that the green color resulted from the σ → σ* transition of the Au-Au bond. This possibility cannot be completely excluded: Yam, V. W.-W.; Choi, S. W.-K.; Cheung, K.-K. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1996, 1173.
53. 2] (L = 2,4,4-trimethyl-1,5,9-triazacyclododec-1-ene and TCQ = 2,3,4,5-tetrachlorobenzoquinone) was structurally characterized as [LNi(TCSQ)(TCQ)] (TCSQ = tetrachlorosemiquinone), in which the semiquinone and quinone ligands were also paired at the metal through a charge-transfer interaction, showing an intense absorption band at 787 nm: (b) Benelli, C.; Dei, A.; Gatteschi, D.; Pardi, L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 6897.
54. 2] (L = 2,4,4-trimethyl-1,5,9-triazacyclododec-1-ene and TCQ = 2,3,4,5-tetrachlorobenzoquinone) was structurally characterized as [LNi(TCSQ)(TCQ)] (TCSQ = tetrachlorosemiquinone), in which the semiquinone and quinone ligands were also paired at the metal through a charge-transfer interaction, showing an intense absorption band at 787 nm: (b) Benelli, C.; Dei, A.; Gatteschi, D.; Pardi, L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 6897.
55. An ESR spectrum identical with that in Figure 3a was obtained by simulation using the same splitting parameters (Figure 3c) and a line width of 1.30 G. In addition, a progressive line broadening was observed by gradually increasing the temperature.
56. Ward, R. L.; Weissmann, S. I. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1957, 79, 2086.
57. A similar reductive elimination of a pair of alkyl ligands is observed in the two-electron oxidation of dialkyliron(II) complexes. See: Lau, W.; Huffman, J. C.; Kochi, J. K. Organometallics 1882, 1, 155.
58. 5
59. - was used: (a) Kim, E. K.; Kochi, J. K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 4962. (b) Lee, K. Y.; Kuchynka, D. J.; Kochi, J. K. Inorg. Chem. 1990, 29, 4196.
60. - was used: (a) Kim, E. K.; Kochi, J. K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 4962. (b) Lee, K. Y.; Kuchynka, D. J.; Kochi, J. K. Inorg. Chem. 1990, 29, 4196.
61. Tetramethylgold(IV) is highly transient, and all attempts to trap it were unsuccessful.
62. A similar homolytic cleavage of an alkyl ligand is observed in the one-electron oxidation of dimethylmercury(II). See: Chen, J. Y.; Gardner, H. C.; Kochi, J. K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1976, 98, 6150.
63. It has been established that trimethylgold(III) decomposes to ethane and methylgold(I) via reductive elimination. The latter further decomposes to ethane and gold: (a) Komiya, S.; Albright, T. A.; Hoffmann, R.; Kochi, J. K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1976, 98, 7255. (b) Tamaki, A.; Magennis, S. A.; Kochi, J. K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1974, 96, 6140.
64. It has been established that trimethylgold(III) decomposes to ethane and methylgold(I) via reductive elimination. The latter further decomposes to ethane and gold: (a) Komiya, S.; Albright, T. A.; Hoffmann, R.; Kochi, J. K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1976, 98, 7255. (b) Tamaki, A.; Magennis, S. A.; Kochi, J. K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1974, 96, 6140.
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71. 4] have been deposited with the Cambridge Cristallographic Data Centre. They can be obtained, upon request, from the Director, Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre, 12 Union Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EZ, U.K.
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74. Sheldrick, G. M. SHELXL93: Program for the Refinement of Crystal Structures; University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany, 1993.