Lewis base coordination versus cation-π interaction in monomeric and hexameric potassium thiolates

Organometallics

Volumn 16, Issue 26, 1997, Pages 5792-5803

  Chadwick, Scott ^a   Englich, Ulrich ^a   Ruhlandt Senge, Karin ^a  

^a SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0000660685     PISSN: 02767333     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/om9707230     Document Type: Article

References (101)

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8. See for example: (a) Hou, Z.; Wakatsuki, Y. Chem. Eur. J. 1997, 3, 1005. (b) Stanton, M. G.; Gagné, M. R. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 5075. (c) Hou, Z.; Fujita, A.; Yamazaki, H.; Wakatsuki, Y. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 2503. (d) Mackenzie, F. M.; Mulvey, R. E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 4721. (e) Henderson, K. W.; Walther, D. S.; Williard, P. G. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 8680. (f) van der Schaaf, P. A.; Hogerheide, M. P.; Grove, D. M.; Spek, A. L.; van Koten, G. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1992, 1703. (g) Pauer, P.; Power, P. P. In Lithium Chemistry: A Theoretical and Experimental Overview; Sapse, A.-M., Schleyer, P. v. R., Eds.; Wiley: New York, 1995; Chapter 9, and references therein. (h) Veith, M. Chem. Rev. 1990, 90, 3. (i) Caulton, K. G.; Hubert-Pfalzgraf, L. G. Chem. Rev. 1990, 90, 969.
9. See for example: (a) Hou, Z.; Wakatsuki, Y. Chem. Eur. J. 1997, 3, 1005. (b) Stanton, M. G.; Gagné, M. R. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 5075. (c) Hou, Z.; Fujita, A.; Yamazaki, H.; Wakatsuki, Y. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 2503. (d) Mackenzie, F. M.; Mulvey, R. E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 4721. (e) Henderson, K. W.; Walther, D. S.; Williard, P. G. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 8680. (f) van der Schaaf, P. A.; Hogerheide, M. P.; Grove, D. M.; Spek, A. L.; van Koten, G. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1992, 1703. (g) Pauer, P.; Power, P. P. In Lithium Chemistry: A Theoretical and Experimental Overview; Sapse, A.-M., Schleyer, P. v. R., Eds.; Wiley: New York, 1995; Chapter 9, and references therein. (h) Veith, M. Chem. Rev. 1990, 90, 3. (i) Caulton, K. G.; Hubert-Pfalzgraf, L. G. Chem. Rev. 1990, 90, 969.
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26. 2{18C6}] exhibits Li-S and Li-N distances of 2.611 and 2.050 Å, respectively, where the shorter Li-S bond can be attributed to a lower coordination number about the cation (manuscript in preparation).
27. 2{18C6}] exhibits Li-S and Li-N distances of 2.611 and 2.050 Å, respectively, where the shorter Li-S bond can be attributed to a lower coordination number about the cation (manuscript in preparation).
28. 2{18C6}] exhibits Li-S and Li-N distances of 2.611 and 2.050 Å, respectively, where the shorter Li-S bond can be attributed to a lower coordination number about the cation (manuscript in preparation).
29. 2{18C6}] exhibits Li-S and Li-N distances of 2.611 and 2.050 Å, respectively, where the shorter Li-S bond can be attributed to a lower coordination number about the cation (manuscript in preparation).
30. 2{18C6}] exhibits Li-S and Li-N distances of 2.611 and 2.050 Å, respectively, where the shorter Li-S bond can be attributed to a lower coordination number about the cation (manuscript in preparation).
31. 2{18C6}] exhibits Li-S and Li-N distances of 2.611 and 2.050 Å, respectively, where the shorter Li-S bond can be attributed to a lower coordination number about the cation (manuscript in preparation).
32. 2{18C6}] exhibits Li-S and Li-N distances of 2.611 and 2.050 Å, respectively, where the shorter Li-S bond can be attributed to a lower coordination number about the cation (manuscript in preparation).
33. 2{18C6}] exhibits Li-S and Li-N distances of 2.611 and 2.050 Å, respectively, where the shorter Li-S bond can be attributed to a lower coordination number about the cation (manuscript in preparation).
34. 2{18C6}] exhibits Li-S and Li-N distances of 2.611 and 2.050 Å, respectively, where the shorter Li-S bond can be attributed to a lower coordination number about the cation (manuscript in preparation).
35. Lithium selenolates: (a) Nothegger, T.; Wurst, K.; Probst, M.; Sladky, F. Chem. Ber. 1997, 130, 119. (b) Khasnis, D. V.; Buretea, M.; Emge, T. J.; Brennan, J. G. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 1995, 45. (c) Flick, K.; Bonasia, P. J.; Gindelberger, D. E.; Katari, J. E. B.; Schwartz, D. Acta Crystallogr. 1994, C50, 674. (d) Ruhlandt-Senge, K.; Power, P. P. Inorg. Chem. 1993, 32, 4505. (e) du Mont, W.-W.; Kubiniok, S.; Lange, L.; Pohl, S.; Saak, W.; Wagner, I. Chem. Ber. 1991, 124, 1315. (f) Ruhlandt-Senge, K.; Power, P. P. Inorg. Chem. 1991, 30, 3683.
36. Lithium selenolates: (a) Nothegger, T.; Wurst, K.; Probst, M.; Sladky, F. Chem. Ber. 1997, 130, 119. (b) Khasnis, D. V.; Buretea, M.; Emge, T. J.; Brennan, J. G. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 1995, 45. (c) Flick, K.; Bonasia, P. J.; Gindelberger, D. E.; Katari, J. E. B.; Schwartz, D. Acta Crystallogr. 1994, C50, 674. (d) Ruhlandt-Senge, K.; Power, P. P. Inorg. Chem. 1993, 32, 4505. (e) du Mont, W.-W.; Kubiniok, S.; Lange, L.; Pohl, S.; Saak, W.; Wagner, I. Chem. Ber. 1991, 124, 1315. (f) Ruhlandt-Senge, K.; Power, P. P. Inorg. Chem. 1991, 30, 3683.
37. Lithium selenolates: (a) Nothegger, T.; Wurst, K.; Probst, M.; Sladky, F. Chem. Ber. 1997, 130, 119. (b) Khasnis, D. V.; Buretea, M.; Emge, T. J.; Brennan, J. G. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 1995, 45. (c) Flick, K.; Bonasia, P. J.; Gindelberger, D. E.; Katari, J. E. B.; Schwartz, D. Acta Crystallogr. 1994, C50, 674. (d) Ruhlandt-Senge, K.; Power, P. P. Inorg. Chem. 1993, 32, 4505. (e) du Mont, W.-W.; Kubiniok, S.; Lange, L.; Pohl, S.; Saak, W.; Wagner, I. Chem. Ber. 1991, 124, 1315. (f) Ruhlandt-Senge, K.; Power, P. P. Inorg. Chem. 1991, 30, 3683.
38. Lithium selenolates: (a) Nothegger, T.; Wurst, K.; Probst, M.; Sladky, F. Chem. Ber. 1997, 130, 119. (b) Khasnis, D. V.; Buretea, M.; Emge, T. J.; Brennan, J. G. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 1995, 45. (c) Flick, K.; Bonasia, P. J.; Gindelberger, D. E.; Katari, J. E. B.; Schwartz, D. Acta Crystallogr. 1994, C50, 674. (d) Ruhlandt-Senge, K.; Power, P. P. Inorg. Chem. 1993, 32, 4505. (e) du Mont, W.-W.; Kubiniok, S.; Lange, L.; Pohl, S.; Saak, W.; Wagner, I. Chem. Ber. 1991, 124, 1315. (f) Ruhlandt-Senge, K.; Power, P. P. Inorg. Chem. 1991, 30, 3683.
39. Lithium selenolates: (a) Nothegger, T.; Wurst, K.; Probst, M.; Sladky, F. Chem. Ber. 1997, 130, 119. (b) Khasnis, D. V.; Buretea, M.; Emge, T. J.; Brennan, J. G. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 1995, 45. (c) Flick, K.; Bonasia, P. J.; Gindelberger, D. E.; Katari, J. E. B.; Schwartz, D. Acta Crystallogr. 1994, C50, 674. (d) Ruhlandt-Senge, K.; Power, P. P. Inorg. Chem. 1993, 32, 4505. (e) du Mont, W.-W.; Kubiniok, S.; Lange, L.; Pohl, S.; Saak, W.; Wagner, I. Chem. Ber. 1991, 124, 1315. (f) Ruhlandt-Senge, K.; Power, P. P. Inorg. Chem. 1991, 30, 3683.
40. Lithium selenolates: (a) Nothegger, T.; Wurst, K.; Probst, M.; Sladky, F. Chem. Ber. 1997, 130, 119. (b) Khasnis, D. V.; Buretea, M.; Emge, T. J.; Brennan, J. G. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 1995, 45. (c) Flick, K.; Bonasia, P. J.; Gindelberger, D. E.; Katari, J. E. B.; Schwartz, D. Acta Crystallogr. 1994, C50, 674. (d) Ruhlandt-Senge, K.; Power, P. P. Inorg. Chem. 1993, 32, 4505. (e) du Mont, W.-W.; Kubiniok, S.; Lange, L.; Pohl, S.; Saak, W.; Wagner, I. Chem. Ber. 1991, 124, 1315. (f) Ruhlandt-Senge, K.; Power, P. P. Inorg. Chem. 1991, 30, 3683.
41. Lithium tellurolates: (a) Bonasia, P. J.; Arnold, J. J. Organomet. Chem. 1993, 449, 147. (b) Becker, G.; Klinkhammer, K. W.; Massa, W. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1993, 619, 628. (c) Bonasia, P. J.; Christou, V.; Arnold, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 6777. (d) Bonasia, P. J.; Gindelberger, D. E.; Dabbousi, B. O.; Arnold, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 5209. (e) Becker, G.; Klinkhammer, K. W.; Lartiges, S. Böttcher, P.; Poll, W. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1992, 613, 7.
42. Lithium tellurolates: (a) Bonasia, P. J.; Arnold, J. J. Organomet. Chem. 1993, 449, 147. (b) Becker, G.; Klinkhammer, K. W.; Massa, W. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1993, 619, 628. (c) Bonasia, P. J.; Christou, V.; Arnold, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 6777. (d) Bonasia, P. J.; Gindelberger, D. E.; Dabbousi, B. O.; Arnold, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 5209. (e) Becker, G.; Klinkhammer, K. W.; Lartiges, S. Böttcher, P.; Poll, W. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1992, 613, 7.
43. Lithium tellurolates: (a) Bonasia, P. J.; Arnold, J. J. Organomet. Chem. 1993, 449, 147. (b) Becker, G.; Klinkhammer, K. W.; Massa, W. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1993, 619, 628. (c) Bonasia, P. J.; Christou, V.; Arnold, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 6777. (d) Bonasia, P. J.; Gindelberger, D. E.; Dabbousi, B. O.; Arnold, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 5209. (e) Becker, G.; Klinkhammer, K. W.; Lartiges, S. Böttcher, P.; Poll, W. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1992, 613, 7.
44. Lithium tellurolates: (a) Bonasia, P. J.; Arnold, J. J. Organomet. Chem. 1993, 449, 147. (b) Becker, G.; Klinkhammer, K. W.; Massa, W. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1993, 619, 628. (c) Bonasia, P. J.; Christou, V.; Arnold, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 6777. (d) Bonasia, P. J.; Gindelberger, D. E.; Dabbousi, B. O.; Arnold, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 5209. (e) Becker, G.; Klinkhammer, K. W.; Lartiges, S. Böttcher, P.; Poll, W. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1992, 613, 7.
45. Lithium tellurolates: (a) Bonasia, P. J.; Arnold, J. J. Organomet. Chem. 1993, 449, 147. (b) Becker, G.; Klinkhammer, K. W.; Massa, W. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1993, 619, 628. (c) Bonasia, P. J.; Christou, V.; Arnold, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 6777. (d) Bonasia, P. J.; Gindelberger, D. E.; Dabbousi, B. O.; Arnold, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 5209. (e) Becker, G.; Klinkhammer, K. W.; Lartiges, S. Böttcher, P.; Poll, W. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1992, 613, 7.
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53. For sodium and potassium chalcogenides see: (a) Schreiner, B.; Dehnicke, K.; Maczek, K.; Fenske, D. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1993, 619, 1414. (b) Müller, V.; Ahle, A.; Frenzen, G.; Neumüller, B.; Dehnicke, K.; Fenske, D. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1993, 619, 1247. (c) Böttcher, P.; Getzschmann, J.; Keller, R. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1993, 619, 476. (d) Bacher, A.-D.; Müller, U.; Ruhlandt-Senge, K. Z. Naturforsch. 1992, 47B, 1673. (e) Bacher, A.-D.; Müller, U. Z. Naturforsch. 1992, 47B, 1063. (f) Müller, V.; Frenzen, G.; Dehnicke, K.; Fenske, D. Z. Naturforsch. 1992, 47B, 205. (g) Staffel, R.; Müller, U.; Ahle, A.; Dehnicke, K. Z. Naturforsch. 1991, 47B, 1287. (h) Müller, V.; Dehnicke, K.; Fenske, D.; Baum, G. Z. Naturforsch. 1991, 46b, 63. (i) Böttcher, P.; Buchkremer-Hermanns, H. Z. Naturforsch. 1987, 42B, 272.
54. For sodium and potassium chalcogenides see: (a) Schreiner, B.; Dehnicke, K.; Maczek, K.; Fenske, D. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1993, 619, 1414. (b) Müller, V.; Ahle, A.; Frenzen, G.; Neumüller, B.; Dehnicke, K.; Fenske, D. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1993, 619, 1247. (c) Böttcher, P.; Getzschmann, J.; Keller, R. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1993, 619, 476. (d) Bacher, A.-D.; Müller, U.; Ruhlandt-Senge, K. Z. Naturforsch. 1992, 47B, 1673. (e) Bacher, A.-D.; Müller, U. Z. Naturforsch. 1992, 47B, 1063. (f) Müller, V.; Frenzen, G.; Dehnicke, K.; Fenske, D. Z. Naturforsch. 1992, 47B, 205. (g) Staffel, R.; Müller, U.; Ahle, A.; Dehnicke, K. Z. Naturforsch. 1991, 47B, 1287. (h) Müller, V.; Dehnicke, K.; Fenske, D.; Baum, G. Z. Naturforsch. 1991, 46b, 63. (i) Böttcher, P.; Buchkremer-Hermanns, H. Z. Naturforsch. 1987, 42B, 272.
55. For sodium and potassium chalcogenides see: (a) Schreiner, B.; Dehnicke, K.; Maczek, K.; Fenske, D. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1993, 619, 1414. (b) Müller, V.; Ahle, A.; Frenzen, G.; Neumüller, B.; Dehnicke, K.; Fenske, D. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1993, 619, 1247. (c) Böttcher, P.; Getzschmann, J.; Keller, R. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1993, 619, 476. (d) Bacher, A.-D.; Müller, U.; Ruhlandt-Senge, K. Z. Naturforsch. 1992, 47B, 1673. (e) Bacher, A.-D.; Müller, U. Z. Naturforsch. 1992, 47B, 1063. (f) Müller, V.; Frenzen, G.; Dehnicke, K.; Fenske, D. Z. Naturforsch. 1992, 47B, 205. (g) Staffel, R.; Müller, U.; Ahle, A.; Dehnicke, K. Z. Naturforsch. 1991, 47B, 1287. (h) Müller, V.; Dehnicke, K.; Fenske, D.; Baum, G. Z. Naturforsch. 1991, 46b, 63. (i) Böttcher, P.; Buchkremer-Hermanns, H. Z. Naturforsch. 1987, 42B, 272.
56. For sodium and potassium chalcogenides see: (a) Schreiner, B.; Dehnicke, K.; Maczek, K.; Fenske, D. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1993, 619, 1414. (b) Müller, V.; Ahle, A.; Frenzen, G.; Neumüller, B.; Dehnicke, K.; Fenske, D. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1993, 619, 1247. (c) Böttcher, P.; Getzschmann, J.; Keller, R. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1993, 619, 476. (d) Bacher, A.-D.; Müller, U.; Ruhlandt-Senge, K. Z. Naturforsch. 1992, 47B, 1673. (e) Bacher, A.-D.; Müller, U. Z. Naturforsch. 1992, 47B, 1063. (f) Müller, V.; Frenzen, G.; Dehnicke, K.; Fenske, D. Z. Naturforsch. 1992, 47B, 205. (g) Staffel, R.; Müller, U.; Ahle, A.; Dehnicke, K. Z. Naturforsch. 1991, 47B, 1287. (h) Müller, V.; Dehnicke, K.; Fenske, D.; Baum, G. Z. Naturforsch. 1991, 46b, 63. (i) Böttcher, P.; Buchkremer-Hermanns, H. Z. Naturforsch. 1987, 42B, 272.
57. For sodium and potassium chalcogenides see: (a) Schreiner, B.; Dehnicke, K.; Maczek, K.; Fenske, D. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1993, 619, 1414. (b) Müller, V.; Ahle, A.; Frenzen, G.; Neumüller, B.; Dehnicke, K.; Fenske, D. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1993, 619, 1247. (c) Böttcher, P.; Getzschmann, J.; Keller, R. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1993, 619, 476. (d) Bacher, A.-D.; Müller, U.; Ruhlandt-Senge, K. Z. Naturforsch. 1992, 47B, 1673. (e) Bacher, A.-D.; Müller, U. Z. Naturforsch. 1992, 47B, 1063. (f) Müller, V.; Frenzen, G.; Dehnicke, K.; Fenske, D. Z. Naturforsch. 1992, 47B, 205. (g) Staffel, R.; Müller, U.; Ahle, A.; Dehnicke, K. Z. Naturforsch. 1991, 47B, 1287. (h) Müller, V.; Dehnicke, K.; Fenske, D.; Baum, G. Z. Naturforsch. 1991, 46b, 63. (i) Böttcher, P.; Buchkremer-Hermanns, H. Z. Naturforsch. 1987, 42B, 272.
58. For sodium and potassium chalcogenides see: (a) Schreiner, B.; Dehnicke, K.; Maczek, K.; Fenske, D. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1993, 619, 1414. (b) Müller, V.; Ahle, A.; Frenzen, G.; Neumüller, B.; Dehnicke, K.; Fenske, D. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1993, 619, 1247. (c) Böttcher, P.; Getzschmann, J.; Keller, R. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1993, 619, 476. (d) Bacher, A.-D.; Müller, U.; Ruhlandt-Senge, K. Z. Naturforsch. 1992, 47B, 1673. (e) Bacher, A.-D.; Müller, U. Z. Naturforsch. 1992, 47B, 1063. (f) Müller, V.; Frenzen, G.; Dehnicke, K.; Fenske, D. Z. Naturforsch. 1992, 47B, 205. (g) Staffel, R.; Müller, U.; Ahle, A.; Dehnicke, K. Z. Naturforsch. 1991, 47B, 1287. (h) Müller, V.; Dehnicke, K.; Fenske, D.; Baum, G. Z. Naturforsch. 1991, 46b, 63. (i) Böttcher, P.; Buchkremer-Hermanns, H. Z. Naturforsch. 1987, 42B, 272.
59. For sodium and potassium chalcogenides see: (a) Schreiner, B.; Dehnicke, K.; Maczek, K.; Fenske, D. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1993, 619, 1414. (b) Müller, V.; Ahle, A.; Frenzen, G.; Neumüller, B.; Dehnicke, K.; Fenske, D. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1993, 619, 1247. (c) Böttcher, P.; Getzschmann, J.; Keller, R. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1993, 619, 476. (d) Bacher, A.-D.; Müller, U.; Ruhlandt-Senge, K. Z. Naturforsch. 1992, 47B, 1673. (e) Bacher, A.-D.; Müller, U. Z. Naturforsch. 1992, 47B, 1063. (f) Müller, V.; Frenzen, G.; Dehnicke, K.; Fenske, D. Z. Naturforsch. 1992, 47B, 205. (g) Staffel, R.; Müller, U.; Ahle, A.; Dehnicke, K. Z. Naturforsch. 1991, 47B, 1287. (h) Müller, V.; Dehnicke, K.; Fenske, D.; Baum, G. Z. Naturforsch. 1991, 46b, 63. (i) Böttcher, P.; Buchkremer-Hermanns, H. Z. Naturforsch. 1987, 42B, 272.
60. For sodium and potassium chalcogenides see: (a) Schreiner, B.; Dehnicke, K.; Maczek, K.; Fenske, D. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1993, 619, 1414. (b) Müller, V.; Ahle, A.; Frenzen, G.; Neumüller, B.; Dehnicke, K.; Fenske, D. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1993, 619, 1247. (c) Böttcher, P.; Getzschmann, J.; Keller, R. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1993, 619, 476. (d) Bacher, A.-D.; Müller, U.; Ruhlandt-Senge, K. Z. Naturforsch. 1992, 47B, 1673. (e) Bacher, A.-D.; Müller, U. Z. Naturforsch. 1992, 47B, 1063. (f) Müller, V.; Frenzen, G.; Dehnicke, K.; Fenske, D. Z. Naturforsch. 1992, 47B, 205. (g) Staffel, R.; Müller, U.; Ahle, A.; Dehnicke, K. Z. Naturforsch. 1991, 47B, 1287. (h) Müller, V.; Dehnicke, K.; Fenske, D.; Baum, G. Z. Naturforsch. 1991, 46b, 63. (i) Böttcher, P.; Buchkremer-Hermanns, H. Z. Naturforsch. 1987, 42B, 272.
61. For sodium and potassium chalcogenides see: (a) Schreiner, B.; Dehnicke, K.; Maczek, K.; Fenske, D. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1993, 619, 1414. (b) Müller, V.; Ahle, A.; Frenzen, G.; Neumüller, B.; Dehnicke, K.; Fenske, D. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1993, 619, 1247. (c) Böttcher, P.; Getzschmann, J.; Keller, R. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1993, 619, 476. (d) Bacher, A.-D.; Müller, U.; Ruhlandt-Senge, K. Z. Naturforsch. 1992, 47B, 1673. (e) Bacher, A.-D.; Müller, U. Z. Naturforsch. 1992, 47B, 1063. (f) Müller, V.; Frenzen, G.; Dehnicke, K.; Fenske, D. Z. Naturforsch. 1992, 47B, 205. (g) Staffel, R.; Müller, U.; Ahle, A.; Dehnicke, K. Z. Naturforsch. 1991, 47B, 1287. (h) Müller, V.; Dehnicke, K.; Fenske, D.; Baum, G. Z. Naturforsch. 1991, 46b, 63. (i) Böttcher, P.; Buchkremer-Hermanns, H. Z. Naturforsch. 1987, 42B, 272.
62. Sodium and potassium tellurolates: Bonasia, P. J.; Arnold, J. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1990, 1299.
63. Hope. H. Progr. Inorg. Chem. 1994, 41, 1.
64. Sheldrick, G. M. SADABS, Program for Absorption Correction Using Area Detector Data; University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany, 1996.
65. Sheldrick, G. M. SHELXL-93, Program for Crystal Structure Solution and Refinement; University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany, 1993.
66. Sheldrick, G. M. SHELXTL-Plus, Program for Crystal Stucture Solution and Refinement; University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany, 1990.
67. Spek, A. L. Acta Crystallogr. 1990, A46, C43.
68. McGeary, M. J.; Folting, K.; Streib, W. E.; Huffman, J. C.; Caulton, K. G. Polyhedron 1991, 10, 2699.
69. 3)] also features a significant cation displacement above the crown oxygen plane, which likely precludes any interaction from a donor trans to the thiolate (unpublished results).
70. 4)] with an eight-coordinate cation, the K-S bond distance is 3.256 Å (manuscript in preparation).
71. Barr, D.; Doyle, M. J.; Drake, S. R.; Raithby, P. R.; Snaith, R.; Wright, D. S. Inorg. Chem. 1989, 28, 1767.
72. 3)]·tol does not show any cation-π interaction, which may be linked to the steric presence of 18C6 and the cation displacement toward the thiolate (unpublished results).
73. No intermolecular contacts were observed for compounds 1-8 in packed structures.
74. Greiser, T.; Weiss, E. Chem. Ber. 1977, 110, 3388.
75. A number of hexameric lithium silyloxides (alkoxides) are Known. For example: (a) Jones, R. A.; Koschmieder, S. U.; Atwood, J. L.; Bott, S. G. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1992, 726. (b) Chisholm, M. H.; Drake, S. R.; Naiini, A. A.; Streib, W. E. Polyhedron 1991, 10, 805. (c) Bazhenova, T. A.; Lobkovskaya, R. M.; Shibaeva, R. P.; Shilov, A. E.; Shilova, A. K. J. Organomet. Chem. 1987, 330, 9.
76. A number of hexameric lithium silyloxides (alkoxides) are Known. For example: (a) Jones, R. A.; Koschmieder, S. U.; Atwood, J. L.; Bott, S. G. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1992, 726. (b) Chisholm, M. H.; Drake, S. R.; Naiini, A. A.; Streib, W. E. Polyhedron 1991, 10, 805. (c) Bazhenova, T. A.; Lobkovskaya, R. M.; Shibaeva, R. P.; Shilov, A. E.; Shilova, A. K. J. Organomet. Chem. 1987, 330, 9.
77. A number of hexameric lithium silyloxides (alkoxides) are Known. For example: (a) Jones, R. A.; Koschmieder, S. U.; Atwood, J. L.; Bott, S. G. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1992, 726. (b) Chisholm, M. H.; Drake, S. R.; Naiini, A. A.; Streib, W. E. Polyhedron 1991, 10, 805. (c) Bazhenova, T. A.; Lobkovskaya, R. M.; Shibaeva, R. P.; Shilov, A. E.; Shilova, A. K. J. Organomet. Chem. 1987, 330, 9.
78. For lead references to the cation-π model and both neutral and anionic aryl ligation of alkali-metal cations see: (a) Ma, J. C.; Dougherty, D. A. Chem. Rev. 1997, 97, 1303. (b) Clegg, W.; Drummond, A. M.; Mulvey, R. E.; O'Shaughnessy, P. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1997, 1301. (c) Dougherty, D. A. Science 1996, 271, 163. (d) Bock, H.; Gharagozloo-Hubmann, K.; Näther, C.; Nagel, N.; Havlas, Z. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 631. (e) Mecozzi. S.; West, A. P.; Dougherty, D. A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 2307. (f) Clark, D. L.; Gordon, J. C.; Huffman, J. C.; Vincent-Hollis, R. L.; Watkin, J. G.; Zwick, B. D. Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 5903. (g) Kumpf, R. A.; Dougherty, D. A. Science 1993, 261, 1708. (h) Weiss, E. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1993, 32, 1501. (i) Hitchcock, P. B.; Lappert, M. F.; Lawless, G. A.; Royo, B. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1993, 554. (j) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Näther, C.; Havlas, Z.; Herrmann, H.-F.; Arad, C.; Göbel, I.; John, A.; Meuret, J.; Nick, S.; Rauschenbach, A.; Seitz, W.; Vaupel, T.; Solouki, B. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1992, 31, 550. (k) Bock, H.; Näther, C.; Ruppert, K. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1992, 765. (l) Clark, D. L.; Watkin, J. G.; Huffman, J. C. Inorg. Chem. 1992, 31, 1554. (m) Fuentes, G. R.; Coan, P. S.; Streib, W. E.; Caulton, K. G. Polyhedron 1991, 10, 2371. (n) Rabe, G.; Roesky, H. W.; Stalke, D.; Pauer, F.; Sheldrick, G. M. J. Organomet. Chem. 1991, 403, 11. (o) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Havlas, Z.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1990, 29, 1042. (p) Lorberth, J.; Shin, S. -H.; Wocadlo, S.; Massa, W. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 735. (q) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 1685. (r) Jutzi, P.; Leffers, W.; Hampel, B.; Pohl, S.; Saak, W. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1987, 26, 583. (s) Prior to 1987 see Schade, C.; Schleyer, P. v. R. Adv. Organomet. Chem. 1987, 27, 169; and references cited therein.
79. For lead references to the cation-π model and both neutral and anionic aryl ligation of alkali-metal cations see: (a) Ma, J. C.; Dougherty, D. A. Chem. Rev. 1997, 97, 1303. (b) Clegg, W.; Drummond, A. M.; Mulvey, R. E.; O'Shaughnessy, P. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1997, 1301. (c) Dougherty, D. A. Science 1996, 271, 163. (d) Bock, H.; Gharagozloo-Hubmann, K.; Näther, C.; Nagel, N.; Havlas, Z. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 631. (e) Mecozzi. S.; West, A. P.; Dougherty, D. A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 2307. (f) Clark, D. L.; Gordon, J. C.; Huffman, J. C.; Vincent-Hollis, R. L.; Watkin, J. G.; Zwick, B. D. Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 5903. (g) Kumpf, R. A.; Dougherty, D. A. Science 1993, 261, 1708. (h) Weiss, E. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1993, 32, 1501. (i) Hitchcock, P. B.; Lappert, M. F.; Lawless, G. A.; Royo, B. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1993, 554. (j) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Näther, C.; Havlas, Z.; Herrmann, H.-F.; Arad, C.; Göbel, I.; John, A.; Meuret, J.; Nick, S.; Rauschenbach, A.; Seitz, W.; Vaupel, T.; Solouki, B. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1992, 31, 550. (k) Bock, H.; Näther, C.; Ruppert, K. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1992, 765. (l) Clark, D. L.; Watkin, J. G.; Huffman, J. C. Inorg. Chem. 1992, 31, 1554. (m) Fuentes, G. R.; Coan, P. S.; Streib, W. E.; Caulton, K. G. Polyhedron 1991, 10, 2371. (n) Rabe, G.; Roesky, H. W.; Stalke, D.; Pauer, F.; Sheldrick, G. M. J. Organomet. Chem. 1991, 403, 11. (o) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Havlas, Z.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1990, 29, 1042. (p) Lorberth, J.; Shin, S. -H.; Wocadlo, S.; Massa, W. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 735. (q) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 1685. (r) Jutzi, P.; Leffers, W.; Hampel, B.; Pohl, S.; Saak, W. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1987, 26, 583. (s) Prior to 1987 see Schade, C.; Schleyer, P. v. R. Adv. Organomet. Chem. 1987, 27, 169; and references cited therein.
80. For lead references to the cation-π model and both neutral and anionic aryl ligation of alkali-metal cations see: (a) Ma, J. C.; Dougherty, D. A. Chem. Rev. 1997, 97, 1303. (b) Clegg, W.; Drummond, A. M.; Mulvey, R. E.; O'Shaughnessy, P. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1997, 1301. (c) Dougherty, D. A. Science 1996, 271, 163. (d) Bock, H.; Gharagozloo-Hubmann, K.; Näther, C.; Nagel, N.; Havlas, Z. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 631. (e) Mecozzi. S.; West, A. P.; Dougherty, D. A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 2307. (f) Clark, D. L.; Gordon, J. C.; Huffman, J. C.; Vincent-Hollis, R. L.; Watkin, J. G.; Zwick, B. D. Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 5903. (g) Kumpf, R. A.; Dougherty, D. A. Science 1993, 261, 1708. (h) Weiss, E. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1993, 32, 1501. (i) Hitchcock, P. B.; Lappert, M. F.; Lawless, G. A.; Royo, B. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1993, 554. (j) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Näther, C.; Havlas, Z.; Herrmann, H.-F.; Arad, C.; Göbel, I.; John, A.; Meuret, J.; Nick, S.; Rauschenbach, A.; Seitz, W.; Vaupel, T.; Solouki, B. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1992, 31, 550. (k) Bock, H.; Näther, C.; Ruppert, K. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1992, 765. (l) Clark, D. L.; Watkin, J. G.; Huffman, J. C. Inorg. Chem. 1992, 31, 1554. (m) Fuentes, G. R.; Coan, P. S.; Streib, W. E.; Caulton, K. G. Polyhedron 1991, 10, 2371. (n) Rabe, G.; Roesky, H. W.; Stalke, D.; Pauer, F.; Sheldrick, G. M. J. Organomet. Chem. 1991, 403, 11. (o) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Havlas, Z.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1990, 29, 1042. (p) Lorberth, J.; Shin, S. -H.; Wocadlo, S.; Massa, W. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 735. (q) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 1685. (r) Jutzi, P.; Leffers, W.; Hampel, B.; Pohl, S.; Saak, W. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1987, 26, 583. (s) Prior to 1987 see Schade, C.; Schleyer, P. v. R. Adv. Organomet. Chem. 1987, 27, 169; and references cited therein.
81. For lead references to the cation-π model and both neutral and anionic aryl ligation of alkali-metal cations see: (a) Ma, J. C.; Dougherty, D. A. Chem. Rev. 1997, 97, 1303. (b) Clegg, W.; Drummond, A. M.; Mulvey, R. E.; O'Shaughnessy, P. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1997, 1301. (c) Dougherty, D. A. Science 1996, 271, 163. (d) Bock, H.; Gharagozloo-Hubmann, K.; Näther, C.; Nagel, N.; Havlas, Z. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 631. (e) Mecozzi. S.; West, A. P.; Dougherty, D. A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 2307. (f) Clark, D. L.; Gordon, J. C.; Huffman, J. C.; Vincent-Hollis, R. L.; Watkin, J. G.; Zwick, B. D. Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 5903. (g) Kumpf, R. A.; Dougherty, D. A. Science 1993, 261, 1708. (h) Weiss, E. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1993, 32, 1501. (i) Hitchcock, P. B.; Lappert, M. F.; Lawless, G. A.; Royo, B. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1993, 554. (j) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Näther, C.; Havlas, Z.; Herrmann, H.-F.; Arad, C.; Göbel, I.; John, A.; Meuret, J.; Nick, S.; Rauschenbach, A.; Seitz, W.; Vaupel, T.; Solouki, B. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1992, 31, 550. (k) Bock, H.; Näther, C.; Ruppert, K. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1992, 765. (l) Clark, D. L.; Watkin, J. G.; Huffman, J. C. Inorg. Chem. 1992, 31, 1554. (m) Fuentes, G. R.; Coan, P. S.; Streib, W. E.; Caulton, K. G. Polyhedron 1991, 10, 2371. (n) Rabe, G.; Roesky, H. W.; Stalke, D.; Pauer, F.; Sheldrick, G. M. J. Organomet. Chem. 1991, 403, 11. (o) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Havlas, Z.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1990, 29, 1042. (p) Lorberth, J.; Shin, S. -H.; Wocadlo, S.; Massa, W. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 735. (q) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 1685. (r) Jutzi, P.; Leffers, W.; Hampel, B.; Pohl, S.; Saak, W. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1987, 26, 583. (s) Prior to 1987 see Schade, C.; Schleyer, P. v. R. Adv. Organomet. Chem. 1987, 27, 169; and references cited therein.
82. For lead references to the cation-π model and both neutral and anionic aryl ligation of alkali-metal cations see: (a) Ma, J. C.; Dougherty, D. A. Chem. Rev. 1997, 97, 1303. (b) Clegg, W.; Drummond, A. M.; Mulvey, R. E.; O'Shaughnessy, P. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1997, 1301. (c) Dougherty, D. A. Science 1996, 271, 163. (d) Bock, H.; Gharagozloo-Hubmann, K.; Näther, C.; Nagel, N.; Havlas, Z. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 631. (e) Mecozzi. S.; West, A. P.; Dougherty, D. A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 2307. (f) Clark, D. L.; Gordon, J. C.; Huffman, J. C.; Vincent-Hollis, R. L.; Watkin, J. G.; Zwick, B. D. Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 5903. (g) Kumpf, R. A.; Dougherty, D. A. Science 1993, 261, 1708. (h) Weiss, E. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1993, 32, 1501. (i) Hitchcock, P. B.; Lappert, M. F.; Lawless, G. A.; Royo, B. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1993, 554. (j) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Näther, C.; Havlas, Z.; Herrmann, H.-F.; Arad, C.; Göbel, I.; John, A.; Meuret, J.; Nick, S.; Rauschenbach, A.; Seitz, W.; Vaupel, T.; Solouki, B. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1992, 31, 550. (k) Bock, H.; Näther, C.; Ruppert, K. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1992, 765. (l) Clark, D. L.; Watkin, J. G.; Huffman, J. C. Inorg. Chem. 1992, 31, 1554. (m) Fuentes, G. R.; Coan, P. S.; Streib, W. E.; Caulton, K. G. Polyhedron 1991, 10, 2371. (n) Rabe, G.; Roesky, H. W.; Stalke, D.; Pauer, F.; Sheldrick, G. M. J. Organomet. Chem. 1991, 403, 11. (o) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Havlas, Z.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1990, 29, 1042. (p) Lorberth, J.; Shin, S. -H.; Wocadlo, S.; Massa, W. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 735. (q) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 1685. (r) Jutzi, P.; Leffers, W.; Hampel, B.; Pohl, S.; Saak, W. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1987, 26, 583. (s) Prior to 1987 see Schade, C.; Schleyer, P. v. R. Adv. Organomet. Chem. 1987, 27, 169; and references cited therein.
83. For lead references to the cation-π model and both neutral and anionic aryl ligation of alkali-metal cations see: (a) Ma, J. C.; Dougherty, D. A. Chem. Rev. 1997, 97, 1303. (b) Clegg, W.; Drummond, A. M.; Mulvey, R. E.; O'Shaughnessy, P. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1997, 1301. (c) Dougherty, D. A. Science 1996, 271, 163. (d) Bock, H.; Gharagozloo-Hubmann, K.; Näther, C.; Nagel, N.; Havlas, Z. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 631. (e) Mecozzi. S.; West, A. P.; Dougherty, D. A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 2307. (f) Clark, D. L.; Gordon, J. C.; Huffman, J. C.; Vincent-Hollis, R. L.; Watkin, J. G.; Zwick, B. D. Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 5903. (g) Kumpf, R. A.; Dougherty, D. A. Science 1993, 261, 1708. (h) Weiss, E. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1993, 32, 1501. (i) Hitchcock, P. B.; Lappert, M. F.; Lawless, G. A.; Royo, B. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1993, 554. (j) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Näther, C.; Havlas, Z.; Herrmann, H.-F.; Arad, C.; Göbel, I.; John, A.; Meuret, J.; Nick, S.; Rauschenbach, A.; Seitz, W.; Vaupel, T.; Solouki, B. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1992, 31, 550. (k) Bock, H.; Näther, C.; Ruppert, K. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1992, 765. (l) Clark, D. L.; Watkin, J. G.; Huffman, J. C. Inorg. Chem. 1992, 31, 1554. (m) Fuentes, G. R.; Coan, P. S.; Streib, W. E.; Caulton, K. G. Polyhedron 1991, 10, 2371. (n) Rabe, G.; Roesky, H. W.; Stalke, D.; Pauer, F.; Sheldrick, G. M. J. Organomet. Chem. 1991, 403, 11. (o) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Havlas, Z.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1990, 29, 1042. (p) Lorberth, J.; Shin, S. -H.; Wocadlo, S.; Massa, W. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 735. (q) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 1685. (r) Jutzi, P.; Leffers, W.; Hampel, B.; Pohl, S.; Saak, W. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1987, 26, 583. (s) Prior to 1987 see Schade, C.; Schleyer, P. v. R. Adv. Organomet. Chem. 1987, 27, 169; and references cited therein.
84. For lead references to the cation-π model and both neutral and anionic aryl ligation of alkali-metal cations see: (a) Ma, J. C.; Dougherty, D. A. Chem. Rev. 1997, 97, 1303. (b) Clegg, W.; Drummond, A. M.; Mulvey, R. E.; O'Shaughnessy, P. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1997, 1301. (c) Dougherty, D. A. Science 1996, 271, 163. (d) Bock, H.; Gharagozloo-Hubmann, K.; Näther, C.; Nagel, N.; Havlas, Z. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 631. (e) Mecozzi. S.; West, A. P.; Dougherty, D. A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 2307. (f) Clark, D. L.; Gordon, J. C.; Huffman, J. C.; Vincent-Hollis, R. L.; Watkin, J. G.; Zwick, B. D. Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 5903. (g) Kumpf, R. A.; Dougherty, D. A. Science 1993, 261, 1708. (h) Weiss, E. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1993, 32, 1501. (i) Hitchcock, P. B.; Lappert, M. F.; Lawless, G. A.; Royo, B. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1993, 554. (j) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Näther, C.; Havlas, Z.; Herrmann, H.-F.; Arad, C.; Göbel, I.; John, A.; Meuret, J.; Nick, S.; Rauschenbach, A.; Seitz, W.; Vaupel, T.; Solouki, B. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1992, 31, 550. (k) Bock, H.; Näther, C.; Ruppert, K. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1992, 765. (l) Clark, D. L.; Watkin, J. G.; Huffman, J. C. Inorg. Chem. 1992, 31, 1554. (m) Fuentes, G. R.; Coan, P. S.; Streib, W. E.; Caulton, K. G. Polyhedron 1991, 10, 2371. (n) Rabe, G.; Roesky, H. W.; Stalke, D.; Pauer, F.; Sheldrick, G. M. J. Organomet. Chem. 1991, 403, 11. (o) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Havlas, Z.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1990, 29, 1042. (p) Lorberth, J.; Shin, S. -H.; Wocadlo, S.; Massa, W. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 735. (q) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 1685. (r) Jutzi, P.; Leffers, W.; Hampel, B.; Pohl, S.; Saak, W. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1987, 26, 583. (s) Prior to 1987 see Schade, C.; Schleyer, P. v. R. Adv. Organomet. Chem. 1987, 27, 169; and references cited therein.
85. For lead references to the cation-π model and both neutral and anionic aryl ligation of alkali-metal cations see: (a) Ma, J. C.; Dougherty, D. A. Chem. Rev. 1997, 97, 1303. (b) Clegg, W.; Drummond, A. M.; Mulvey, R. E.; O'Shaughnessy, P. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1997, 1301. (c) Dougherty, D. A. Science 1996, 271, 163. (d) Bock, H.; Gharagozloo-Hubmann, K.; Näther, C.; Nagel, N.; Havlas, Z. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 631. (e) Mecozzi. S.; West, A. P.; Dougherty, D. A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 2307. (f) Clark, D. L.; Gordon, J. C.; Huffman, J. C.; Vincent-Hollis, R. L.; Watkin, J. G.; Zwick, B. D. Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 5903. (g) Kumpf, R. A.; Dougherty, D. A. Science 1993, 261, 1708. (h) Weiss, E. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1993, 32, 1501. (i) Hitchcock, P. B.; Lappert, M. F.; Lawless, G. A.; Royo, B. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1993, 554. (j) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Näther, C.; Havlas, Z.; Herrmann, H.-F.; Arad, C.; Göbel, I.; John, A.; Meuret, J.; Nick, S.; Rauschenbach, A.; Seitz, W.; Vaupel, T.; Solouki, B. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1992, 31, 550. (k) Bock, H.; Näther, C.; Ruppert, K. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1992, 765. (l) Clark, D. L.; Watkin, J. G.; Huffman, J. C. Inorg. Chem. 1992, 31, 1554. (m) Fuentes, G. R.; Coan, P. S.; Streib, W. E.; Caulton, K. G. Polyhedron 1991, 10, 2371. (n) Rabe, G.; Roesky, H. W.; Stalke, D.; Pauer, F.; Sheldrick, G. M. J. Organomet. Chem. 1991, 403, 11. (o) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Havlas, Z.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1990, 29, 1042. (p) Lorberth, J.; Shin, S. -H.; Wocadlo, S.; Massa, W. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 735. (q) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 1685. (r) Jutzi, P.; Leffers, W.; Hampel, B.;
86. For lead references to the cation-π model and both neutral and anionic aryl ligation of alkali-metal cations see: (a) Ma, J. C.; Dougherty, D. A. Chem. Rev. 1997, 97, 1303. (b) Clegg, W.; Drummond, A. M.; Mulvey, R. E.; O'Shaughnessy, P. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1997, 1301. (c) Dougherty, D. A. Science 1996, 271, 163. (d) Bock, H.; Gharagozloo-Hubmann, K.; Näther, C.; Nagel, N.; Havlas, Z. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 631. (e) Mecozzi. S.; West, A. P.; Dougherty, D. A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 2307. (f) Clark, D. L.; Gordon, J. C.; Huffman, J. C.; Vincent-Hollis, R. L.; Watkin, J. G.; Zwick, B. D. Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 5903. (g) Kumpf, R. A.; Dougherty, D. A. Science 1993, 261, 1708. (h) Weiss, E. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1993, 32, 1501. (i) Hitchcock, P. B.; Lappert, M. F.; Lawless, G. A.; Royo, B. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1993, 554. (j) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Näther, C.; Havlas, Z.; Herrmann, H.-F.; Arad, C.; Göbel, I.; John, A.; Meuret, J.; Nick, S.; Rauschenbach, A.; Seitz, W.; Vaupel, T.; Solouki, B. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1992, 31, 550. (k) Bock, H.; Näther, C.; Ruppert, K. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1992, 765. (l) Clark, D. L.; Watkin, J. G.; Huffman, J. C. Inorg. Chem. 1992, 31, 1554. (m) Fuentes, G. R.; Coan, P. S.; Streib, W. E.; Caulton, K. G. Polyhedron 1991, 10, 2371. (n) Rabe, G.; Roesky, H. W.; Stalke, D.; Pauer, F.; Sheldrick, G. M. J. Organomet. Chem. 1991, 403, 11. (o) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Havlas, Z.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1990, 29, 1042. (p) Lorberth, J.; Shin, S. -H.; Wocadlo, S.; Massa, W. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 735. (q) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 1685. (r) Jutzi, P.; Leffers, W.; Hampel, B.; Pohl, S.; Saak, W. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1987, 26, 583. (s) Prior to 1987 see Schade, C.; Schleyer, P. v. R. Adv. Organomet. Chem. 1987, 27, 169; and references cited therein.
87. For lead references to the cation-π model and both neutral and anionic aryl ligation of alkali-metal cations see: (a) Ma, J. C.; Dougherty, D. A. Chem. Rev. 1997, 97, 1303. (b) Clegg, W.; Drummond, A. M.; Mulvey, R. E.; O'Shaughnessy, P. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1997, 1301. (c) Dougherty, D. A. Science 1996, 271, 163. (d) Bock, H.; Gharagozloo-Hubmann, K.; Näther, C.; Nagel, N.; Havlas, Z. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 631. (e) Mecozzi. S.; West, A. P.; Dougherty, D. A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 2307. (f) Clark, D. L.; Gordon, J. C.; Huffman, J. C.; Vincent-Hollis, R. L.; Watkin, J. G.; Zwick, B. D. Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 5903. (g) Kumpf, R. A.; Dougherty, D. A. Science 1993, 261, 1708. (h) Weiss, E. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1993, 32, 1501. (i) Hitchcock, P. B.; Lappert, M. F.; Lawless, G. A.; Royo, B. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1993, 554. (j) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Näther, C.; Havlas, Z.; Herrmann, H.-F.; Arad, C.; Göbel, I.; John, A.; Meuret, J.; Nick, S.; Rauschenbach, A.; Seitz, W.; Vaupel, T.; Solouki, B. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1992, 31, 550. (k) Bock, H.; Näther, C.; Ruppert, K. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1992, 765. (l) Clark, D. L.; Watkin, J. G.; Huffman, J. C. Inorg. Chem. 1992, 31, 1554. (m) Fuentes, G. R.; Coan, P. S.; Streib, W. E.; Caulton, K. G. Polyhedron 1991, 10, 2371. (n) Rabe, G.; Roesky, H. W.; Stalke, D.; Pauer, F.; Sheldrick, G. M. J. Organomet. Chem. 1991, 403, 11. (o) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Havlas, Z.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1990, 29, 1042. (p) Lorberth, J.; Shin, S. -H.; Wocadlo, S.; Massa, W. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 735. (q) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 1685. (r) Jutzi, P.; Leffers, W.; Hampel, B.; Pohl, S.; Saak, W. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1987, 26, 583. (s) Prior to 1987 see Schade, C.; Schleyer, P. v. R. Adv. Organomet. Chem. 1987, 27, 169; and references cited therein.
88. For lead references to the cation-π model and both neutral and anionic aryl ligation of alkali-metal cations see: (a) Ma, J. C.; Dougherty, D. A. Chem. Rev. 1997, 97, 1303. (b) Clegg, W.; Drummond, A. M.; Mulvey, R. E.; O'Shaughnessy, P. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1997, 1301. (c) Dougherty, D. A. Science 1996, 271, 163. (d) Bock, H.; Gharagozloo-Hubmann, K.; Näther, C.; Nagel, N.; Havlas, Z. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 631. (e) Mecozzi. S.; West, A. P.; Dougherty, D. A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 2307. (f) Clark, D. L.; Gordon, J. C.; Huffman, J. C.; Vincent-Hollis, R. L.; Watkin, J. G.; Zwick, B. D. Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 5903. (g) Kumpf, R. A.; Dougherty, D. A. Science 1993, 261, 1708. (h) Weiss, E. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1993, 32, 1501. (i) Hitchcock, P. B.; Lappert, M. F.; Lawless, G. A.; Royo, B. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1993, 554. (j) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Näther, C.; Havlas, Z.; Herrmann, H.-F.; Arad, C.; Göbel, I.; John, A.; Meuret, J.; Nick, S.; Rauschenbach, A.; Seitz, W.; Vaupel, T.; Solouki, B. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1992, 31, 550. (k) Bock, H.; Näther, C.; Ruppert, K. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1992, 765. (l) Clark, D. L.; Watkin, J. G.; Huffman, J. C. Inorg. Chem. 1992, 31, 1554. (m) Fuentes, G. R.; Coan, P. S.; Streib, W. E.; Caulton, K. G. Polyhedron 1991, 10, 2371. (n) Rabe, G.; Roesky, H. W.; Stalke, D.; Pauer, F.; Sheldrick, G. M. J. Organomet. Chem. 1991, 403, 11. (o) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Havlas, Z.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1990, 29, 1042. (p) Lorberth, J.; Shin, S. -H.; Wocadlo, S.; Massa, W. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 735. (q) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 1685. (r) Jutzi, P.; Leffers, W.; Hampel, B.; Pohl, S.; Saak, W. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1987, 26, 583. (s) Prior to 1987 see Schade, C.; Schleyer, P. v. R. Adv. Organomet. Chem. 1987, 27, 169; and references cited therein.
89. For lead references to the cation-π model and both neutral and anionic aryl ligation of alkali-metal cations see: (a) Ma, J. C.; Dougherty, D. A. Chem. Rev. 1997, 97, 1303. (b) Clegg, W.; Drummond, A. M.; Mulvey, R. E.; O'Shaughnessy, P. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1997, 1301. (c) Dougherty, D. A. Science 1996, 271, 163. (d) Bock, H.; Gharagozloo-Hubmann, K.; Näther, C.; Nagel, N.; Havlas, Z. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 631. (e) Mecozzi. S.; West, A. P.; Dougherty, D. A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 2307. (f) Clark, D. L.; Gordon, J. C.; Huffman, J. C.; Vincent-Hollis, R. L.; Watkin, J. G.; Zwick, B. D. Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 5903. (g) Kumpf, R. A.; Dougherty, D. A. Science 1993, 261, 1708. (h) Weiss, E. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1993, 32, 1501. (i) Hitchcock, P. B.; Lappert, M. F.; Lawless, G. A.; Royo, B. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1993, 554. (j) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Näther, C.; Havlas, Z.; Herrmann, H.-F.; Arad, C.; Göbel, I.; John, A.; Meuret, J.; Nick, S.; Rauschenbach, A.; Seitz, W.; Vaupel, T.; Solouki, B. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1992, 31, 550. (k) Bock, H.; Näther, C.; Ruppert, K. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1992, 765. (l) Clark, D. L.; Watkin, J. G.; Huffman, J. C. Inorg. Chem. 1992, 31, 1554. (m) Fuentes, G. R.; Coan, P. S.; Streib, W. E.; Caulton, K. G. Polyhedron 1991, 10, 2371. (n) Rabe, G.; Roesky, H. W.; Stalke, D.; Pauer, F.; Sheldrick, G. M. J. Organomet. Chem. 1991, 403, 11. (o) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Havlas, Z.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1990, 29, 1042. (p) Lorberth, J.; Shin, S. -H.; Wocadlo, S.; Massa, W. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 735. (q) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 1685. (r) Jutzi, P.; Leffers, W.; Hampel, B.; Pohl, S.; Saak, W. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1987, 26, 583. (s) Prior to 1987 see Schade, C.; Schleyer, P. v. R. Adv. Organomet. Chem. 1987, 27, 169; and references cited therein.
90. For lead references to the cation-π model and both neutral and anionic aryl ligation of alkali-metal cations see: (a) Ma, J. C.; Dougherty, D. A. Chem. Rev. 1997, 97, 1303. (b) Clegg, W.; Drummond, A. M.; Mulvey, R. E.; O'Shaughnessy, P. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1997, 1301. (c) Dougherty, D. A. Science 1996, 271, 163. (d) Bock, H.; Gharagozloo-Hubmann, K.; Näther, C.; Nagel, N.; Havlas, Z. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 631. (e) Mecozzi. S.; West, A. P.; Dougherty, D. A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 2307. (f) Clark, D. L.; Gordon, J. C.; Huffman, J. C.; Vincent-Hollis, R. L.; Watkin, J. G.; Zwick, B. D. Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 5903. (g) Kumpf, R. A.; Dougherty, D. A. Science 1993, 261, 1708. (h) Weiss, E. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1993, 32, 1501. (i) Hitchcock, P. B.; Lappert, M. F.; Lawless, G. A.; Royo, B. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1993, 554. (j) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Näther, C.; Havlas, Z.; Herrmann, H.-F.; Arad, C.; Göbel, I.; John, A.; Meuret, J.; Nick, S.; Rauschenbach, A.; Seitz, W.; Vaupel, T.; Solouki, B. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1992, 31, 550. (k) Bock, H.; Näther, C.; Ruppert, K. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1992, 765. (l) Clark, D. L.; Watkin, J. G.; Huffman, J. C. Inorg. Chem. 1992, 31, 1554. (m) Fuentes, G. R.; Coan, P. S.; Streib, W. E.; Caulton, K. G. Polyhedron 1991, 10, 2371. (n) Rabe, G.; Roesky, H. W.; Stalke, D.; Pauer, F.; Sheldrick, G. M. J. Organomet. Chem. 1991, 403, 11. (o) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Havlas, Z.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1990, 29, 1042. (p) Lorberth, J.; Shin, S. -H.; Wocadlo, S.; Massa, W. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 735. (q) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 1685. (r) Jutzi, P.; Leffers, W.; Hampel, B.; Pohl, S.; Saak, W. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1987, 26, 583. (s) Prior to 1987 see Schade, C.; Schleyer, P. v. R. Adv. Organomet. Chem. 1987, 27, 169; and references cited therein.
91. For lead references to the cation-π model and both neutral and anionic aryl ligation of alkali-metal cations see: (a) Ma, J. C.; Dougherty, D. A. Chem. Rev. 1997, 97, 1303. (b) Clegg, W.; Drummond, A. M.; Mulvey, R. E.; O'Shaughnessy, P. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1997, 1301. (c) Dougherty, D. A. Science 1996, 271, 163. (d) Bock, H.; Gharagozloo-Hubmann, K.; Näther, C.; Nagel, N.; Havlas, Z. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 631. (e) Mecozzi. S.; West, A. P.; Dougherty, D. A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 2307. (f) Clark, D. L.; Gordon, J. C.; Huffman, J. C.; Vincent-Hollis, R. L.; Watkin, J. G.; Zwick, B. D. Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 5903. (g) Kumpf, R. A.; Dougherty, D. A. Science 1993, 261, 1708. (h) Weiss, E. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1993, 32, 1501. (i) Hitchcock, P. B.; Lappert, M. F.; Lawless, G. A.; Royo, B. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1993, 554. (j) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Näther, C.; Havlas, Z.; Herrmann, H.-F.; Arad, C.; Göbel, I.; John, A.; Meuret, J.; Nick, S.; Rauschenbach, A.; Seitz, W.; Vaupel, T.; Solouki, B. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1992, 31, 550. (k) Bock, H.; Näther, C.; Ruppert, K. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1992, 765. (l) Clark, D. L.; Watkin, J. G.; Huffman, J. C. Inorg. Chem. 1992, 31, 1554. (m) Fuentes, G. R.; Coan, P. S.; Streib, W. E.; Caulton, K. G. Polyhedron 1991, 10, 2371. (n) Rabe, G.; Roesky, H. W.; Stalke, D.; Pauer, F.; Sheldrick, G. M. J. Organomet. Chem. 1991, 403, 11. (o) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Havlas, Z.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1990, 29, 1042. (p) Lorberth, J.; Shin, S. -H.; Wocadlo, S.; Massa, W. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 735. (q) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 1685. (r) Jutzi, P.; Leffers, W.; Hampel, B.; Pohl, S.; Saak, W. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1987, 26, 583. (s) Prior to 1987 see Schade, C.; Schleyer, P. v. R. Adv. Organomet. Chem. 1987, 27, 169; and references cited therein.
92. For lead references to the cation-π model and both neutral and anionic aryl ligation of alkali-metal cations see: (a) Ma, J. C.; Dougherty, D. A. Chem. Rev. 1997, 97, 1303. (b) Clegg, W.; Drummond, A. M.; Mulvey, R. E.; O'Shaughnessy, P. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1997, 1301. (c) Dougherty, D. A. Science 1996, 271, 163. (d) Bock, H.; Gharagozloo-Hubmann, K.; Näther, C.; Nagel, N.; Havlas, Z. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 631. (e) Mecozzi. S.; West, A. P.; Dougherty, D. A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 2307. (f) Clark, D. L.; Gordon, J. C.; Huffman, J. C.; Vincent-Hollis, R. L.; Watkin, J. G.; Zwick, B. D. Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 5903. (g) Kumpf, R. A.; Dougherty, D. A. Science 1993, 261, 1708. (h) Weiss, E. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1993, 32, 1501. (i) Hitchcock, P. B.; Lappert, M. F.; Lawless, G. A.; Royo, B. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1993, 554. (j) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Näther, C.; Havlas, Z.; Herrmann, H.-F.; Arad, C.; Göbel, I.; John, A.; Meuret, J.; Nick, S.; Rauschenbach, A.; Seitz, W.; Vaupel, T.; Solouki, B. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1992, 31, 550. (k) Bock, H.; Näther, C.; Ruppert, K. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1992, 765. (l) Clark, D. L.; Watkin, J. G.; Huffman, J. C. Inorg. Chem. 1992, 31, 1554. (m) Fuentes, G. R.; Coan, P. S.; Streib, W. E.; Caulton, K. G. Polyhedron 1991, 10, 2371. (n) Rabe, G.; Roesky, H. W.; Stalke, D.; Pauer, F.; Sheldrick, G. M. J. Organomet. Chem. 1991, 403, 11. (o) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Havlas, Z.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1990, 29, 1042. (p) Lorberth, J.; Shin, S. -H.; Wocadlo, S.; Massa, W. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 735. (q) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 1685. (r) Jutzi, P.; Leffers, W.; Hampel, B.; Pohl, S.; Saak, W. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1987, 26, 583. (s) Prior to 1987 see Schade, C.; Schleyer, P. v. R. Adv. Organomet. Chem. 1987, 27, 169; and references cited therein.
93. For lead references to the cation-π model and both neutral and anionic aryl ligation of alkali-metal cations see: (a) Ma, J. C.; Dougherty, D. A. Chem. Rev. 1997, 97, 1303. (b) Clegg, W.; Drummond, A. M.; Mulvey, R. E.; O'Shaughnessy, P. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1997, 1301. (c) Dougherty, D. A. Science 1996, 271, 163. (d) Bock, H.; Gharagozloo-Hubmann, K.; Näther, C.; Nagel, N.; Havlas, Z. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 631. (e) Mecozzi. S.; West, A. P.; Dougherty, D. A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 2307. (f) Clark, D. L.; Gordon, J. C.; Huffman, J. C.; Vincent-Hollis, R. L.; Watkin, J. G.; Zwick, B. D. Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 5903. (g) Kumpf, R. A.; Dougherty, D. A. Science 1993, 261, 1708. (h) Weiss, E. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1993, 32, 1501. (i) Hitchcock, P. B.; Lappert, M. F.; Lawless, G. A.; Royo, B. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1993, 554. (j) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Näther, C.; Havlas, Z.; Herrmann, H.-F.; Arad, C.; Göbel, I.; John, A.; Meuret, J.; Nick, S.; Rauschenbach, A.; Seitz, W.; Vaupel, T.; Solouki, B. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1992, 31, 550. (k) Bock, H.; Näther, C.; Ruppert, K. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1992, 765. (l) Clark, D. L.; Watkin, J. G.; Huffman, J. C. Inorg. Chem. 1992, 31, 1554. (m) Fuentes, G. R.; Coan, P. S.; Streib, W. E.; Caulton, K. G. Polyhedron 1991, 10, 2371. (n) Rabe, G.; Roesky, H. W.; Stalke, D.; Pauer, F.; Sheldrick, G. M. J. Organomet. Chem. 1991, 403, 11. (o) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Havlas, Z.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1990, 29, 1042. (p) Lorberth, J.; Shin, S. -H.; Wocadlo, S.; Massa, W. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 735. (q) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 1685. (r) Jutzi, P.; Leffers, W.; Hampel, B.; Pohl, S.; Saak, W. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1987, 26, 583. (s) Prior to 1987 see Schade, C.; Schleyer, P. v. R. Adv. Organomet. Chem. 1987, 27, 169; and references cited therein.
94. For lead references to the cation-π model and both neutral and anionic aryl ligation of alkali-metal cations see: (a) Ma, J. C.; Dougherty, D. A. Chem. Rev. 1997, 97, 1303. (b) Clegg, W.; Drummond, A. M.; Mulvey, R. E.; O'Shaughnessy, P. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1997, 1301. (c) Dougherty, D. A. Science 1996, 271, 163. (d) Bock, H.; Gharagozloo-Hubmann, K.; Näther, C.; Nagel, N.; Havlas, Z. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 631. (e) Mecozzi. S.; West, A. P.; Dougherty, D. A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 2307. (f) Clark, D. L.; Gordon, J. C.; Huffman, J. C.; Vincent-Hollis, R. L.; Watkin, J. G.; Zwick, B. D. Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 5903. (g) Kumpf, R. A.; Dougherty, D. A. Science 1993, 261, 1708. (h) Weiss, E. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1993, 32, 1501. (i) Hitchcock, P. B.; Lappert, M. F.; Lawless, G. A.; Royo, B. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1993, 554. (j) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Näther, C.; Havlas, Z.; Herrmann, H.-F.; Arad, C.; Göbel, I.; John, A.; Meuret, J.; Nick, S.; Rauschenbach, A.; Seitz, W.; Vaupel, T.; Solouki, B. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1992, 31, 550. (k) Bock, H.; Näther, C.; Ruppert, K. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1992, 765. (l) Clark, D. L.; Watkin, J. G.; Huffman, J. C. Inorg. Chem. 1992, 31, 1554. (m) Fuentes, G. R.; Coan, P. S.; Streib, W. E.; Caulton, K. G. Polyhedron 1991, 10, 2371. (n) Rabe, G.; Roesky, H. W.; Stalke, D.; Pauer, F.; Sheldrick, G. M. J. Organomet. Chem. 1991, 403, 11. (o) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Havlas, Z.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1990, 29, 1042. (p) Lorberth, J.; Shin, S. -H.; Wocadlo, S.; Massa, W. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 735. (q) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 1685. (r) Jutzi, P.; Leffers, W.; Hampel, B.; Pohl, S.; Saak, W. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1987, 26, 583. (s) Prior to 1987 see Schade, C.; Schleyer, P. v. R. Adv. Organomet. Chem. 1987, 27, 169; and references cited therein.
95. For lead references to the cation-π model and both neutral and anionic aryl ligation of alkali-metal cations see: (a) Ma, J. C.; Dougherty, D. A. Chem. Rev. 1997, 97, 1303. (b) Clegg, W.; Drummond, A. M.; Mulvey, R. E.; O'Shaughnessy, P. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1997, 1301. (c) Dougherty, D. A. Science 1996, 271, 163. (d) Bock, H.; Gharagozloo-Hubmann, K.; Näther, C.; Nagel, N.; Havlas, Z. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 631. (e) Mecozzi. S.; West, A. P.; Dougherty, D. A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 2307. (f) Clark, D. L.; Gordon, J. C.; Huffman, J. C.; Vincent-Hollis, R. L.; Watkin, J. G.; Zwick, B. D. Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 5903. (g) Kumpf, R. A.; Dougherty, D. A. Science 1993, 261, 1708. (h) Weiss, E. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1993, 32, 1501. (i) Hitchcock, P. B.; Lappert, M. F.; Lawless, G. A.; Royo, B. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1993, 554. (j) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Näther, C.; Havlas, Z.; Herrmann, H.-F.; Arad, C.; Göbel, I.; John, A.; Meuret, J.; Nick, S.; Rauschenbach, A.; Seitz, W.; Vaupel, T.; Solouki, B. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1992, 31, 550. (k) Bock, H.; Näther, C.; Ruppert, K. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1992, 765. (l) Clark, D. L.; Watkin, J. G.; Huffman, J. C. Inorg. Chem. 1992, 31, 1554. (m) Fuentes, G. R.; Coan, P. S.; Streib, W. E.; Caulton, K. G. Polyhedron 1991, 10, 2371. (n) Rabe, G.; Roesky, H. W.; Stalke, D.; Pauer, F.; Sheldrick, G. M. J. Organomet. Chem. 1991, 403, 11. (o) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Havlas, Z.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1990, 29, 1042. (p) Lorberth, J.; Shin, S. -H.; Wocadlo, S.; Massa, W. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 735. (q) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 1685. (r) Jutzi, P.; Leffers, W.; Hampel, B.; Pohl, S.; Saak, W. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1987, 26, 583. (s) Prior to 1987 see Schade, C.; Schleyer, P. v. R. Adv. Organomet. Chem. 1987, 27, 169; and references cited therein.
96. For lead references to the cation-π model and both neutral and anionic aryl ligation of alkali-metal cations see: (a) Ma, J. C.; Dougherty, D. A. Chem. Rev. 1997, 97, 1303. (b) Clegg, W.; Drummond, A. M.; Mulvey, R. E.; O'Shaughnessy, P. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1997, 1301. (c) Dougherty, D. A. Science 1996, 271, 163. (d) Bock, H.; Gharagozloo-Hubmann, K.; Näther, C.; Nagel, N.; Havlas, Z. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 631. (e) Mecozzi. S.; West, A. P.; Dougherty, D. A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 2307. (f) Clark, D. L.; Gordon, J. C.; Huffman, J. C.; Vincent-Hollis, R. L.; Watkin, J. G.; Zwick, B. D. Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 5903. (g) Kumpf, R. A.; Dougherty, D. A. Science 1993, 261, 1708. (h) Weiss, E. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1993, 32, 1501. (i) Hitchcock, P. B.; Lappert, M. F.; Lawless, G. A.; Royo, B. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1993, 554. (j) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Näther, C.; Havlas, Z.; Herrmann, H.-F.; Arad, C.; Göbel, I.; John, A.; Meuret, J.; Nick, S.; Rauschenbach, A.; Seitz, W.; Vaupel, T.; Solouki, B. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1992, 31, 550. (k) Bock, H.; Näther, C.; Ruppert, K. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1992, 765. (l) Clark, D. L.; Watkin, J. G.; Huffman, J. C. Inorg. Chem. 1992, 31, 1554. (m) Fuentes, G. R.; Coan, P. S.; Streib, W. E.; Caulton, K. G. Polyhedron 1991, 10, 2371. (n) Rabe, G.; Roesky, H. W.; Stalke, D.; Pauer, F.; Sheldrick, G. M. J. Organomet. Chem. 1991, 403, 11. (o) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Havlas, Z.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1990, 29, 1042. (p) Lorberth, J.; Shin, S. -H.; Wocadlo, S.; Massa, W. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 735. (q) Bock, H.; Ruppert, K.; Fenske, D. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 1685. (r) Jutzi, P.; Leffers, W.; Hampel, B.; Pohl, S.; Saak, W. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1987, 26, 583. (s) Prior to 1987 see Schade, C.; Schleyer, P. v. R. Adv. Organomet. Chem. 1987, 27, 169; and references cited therein.
97. 4, which emphasizes the role a strong donor plays in stabilizing the putative solution aggregates. The structural refinement of this tetramer is still under investigation.
98. Huheey, J. E.; Keiter, E. A.; Keiter, R. L. Inorganic Chemistry, 4th ed.; Harper Collins: New York, 1993.
99. Solin, S. S. Adv. Chem. Phys. 1982, 49, 455.
100. 2] was identical with the synthesis of compound 7; however, the crystal quality of the compound did not suffice to allow for a satisfactory structural refinement.
101. Gregory, K.; Schleyer, P. v. R.; Snaith, R. Adv. Inorg. Chem. 1991, 37, 47.