Masculinity/ies, gender and violence in the struggle for Zimbabwe

Rethinking the man question: sex, gender and violence in international relations

Volumn , Issue , 2008, Pages 181-202

  Parpart, Jane L ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF THE WEST INDIES   (Trinidad and Tobago)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 85187385891     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter

References (90)

1. Alexander, J. (1998) ‘Dissident perspectives on Zimbabwe’s post-independence war’, Africa, 68(2): 151–82.
2. Alexander, J. (2007) ‘Political prisoners’ memoirs in Zimbabwe: passages in the meta-narrative of nationalism’, mimeo.
3. Alexander, J. and J. McGregor (2004) ‘War stories: guerrilla narratives of Zimbabwe’s liberation war’, History Workshop Journal, 57: 79–100.
4. Alexander, J. and J. McGregor (2005) ‘Hunger, violence and the moral economy of war in Zimbabwe’, in V. Broch (ed.), Violence and Belonging, London: Routledge.
5. Alexander, J., J. McGregor and T. Ranger (2000) Violence and Memory: One Hundred Years in the ‘Dark Forests’ of Matabeleland, Oxford: James Currey.
6. Barnes, T. (1995) ‘The heroes’ struggle: life after the liberation war for four ex-combatants in Zimbabwe’, in N. Bhebe and T. Ranger (eds), Soldiers in Zimbabwe’s Liberation War, Oxford: James Currey.
7. Barnes, T. (1999) ‘We Women Worked So Hard’: Gender, Urbanization and Social Reproduction in Colonial Harare, 1930–1956’, Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.
8. Barnes, T. (2002) ‘“We are afraid to command our children”: responses to the urbanisation of African women in colonial Zimbabwe, 1930–44’, in B. Raftopoulos and R. Yoshikuni (eds), Sites of Struggle: Essays in Zimbabwe’s Urban History, Harare: Weaver Press.
9. Bhebe, N. and T. Ranger (eds) (1995) Society in Zimbabwe’s Liberation War, Oxford: James Currey.
10. Bond, G. (1977) The Incredibles: The Story of the 1st Battalion, the Rhodesian Light Infantry, Salisbury (Harare): Sarum Imprints.
11. Bull, T. (1967) Rhodesian Perspective, London: Michael Joseph.
12. Caute, D. (1983) Under the Skin: The Death of White Rhodesia, London: Penguin.
13. Chennells, A. (1995) ‘Rhodesian discourse, Rhodesian novels and the Zimbabwean liberation war’, in N. Bhebe and T. Ranger (eds), Society in Zimbabwe’s Liberation War, Oxford: James Currey.
14. Chinodya, S. (1989) Harvest of Thorns, Harare: Baobab Books.
15. Chung, F. (2006) Re-living the Second Chimurenga, Harare: Weaver Press.
16. Cocks, C. (1988) Fireforce: One Man’s War in the Rhodesian Light Infantry, Alberton, SA: Galago.
17. Connell, R. (1995) Masculinities, Cambridge: Polity Press.
18. Connell, R. (2005) ‘Change among the gatekeepers: men, masculinities, and gender equality in the global arena’, Signs, 30(3): 1801–25.
19. Cornwall, L. and N. Lindisfarne (eds) (1994) Dislocating Masculinity, London: Routledge.
20. Cowderoy, D. and R. Nesbit (1987) War in the Air: Rhodesian Air Force, 1935–1980, Alberton, SA: Galago.
21. Ellert, H. (1989) The Rhodesian Front War: Counter-insurgency and Guerrilla War in Rhodesia, 1962–1980, Harare: Mambo Press.
22. Ellert, H. (1995) ‘The Rhodesian security and intelligence community 1960–1980’, in N. Bhebe and T. Ranger (eds), Soldiers in Zimbabwe’s Liberation War, Oxford: James Currey.
23. Enloe, C. (1993) The Morning After: Sexual Politics at the End of the Cold War, Los Angeles: University of California Press.
24. Enloe, C. (1995) ‘Feminism, nationalism and militarism: wariness without paralysis?’, in C. R. Sutton (ed.), Feminism, Nationalism and Militarism, New York: American Anthropological Association.
25. Fanon, F. (1963) Wretched of the Earth, New York: Grove Press.
26. Fuller, A. (2004) ‘Letters from Zimbabwe: the soldier’, New Yorker, 1 March, pp. 54–67.
27. Giles, W. and J. Hyndman (eds) (2004) Sites of Violence: Gender and Conflict Zones, Berkeley: University of California Press.
28. Hancock, I. (1984) White Liberals, Moderates and Radicals in Rhodesia, 1953–1980, New York: St Martin’s Press.
29. Holland, K. (2005) ‘The troubled masculinities in Tsitsi Dangarembga’s Nervous Conditions’, in L. Ouzgane and R. Morrell (eds), African Masculinities, London: Palgrave Macmillan.
30. Hooper, C. (2001) Manly States: Masculinities, International Relations, and Gender Politics, New York: Columbia University Press.
31. Hughes, R. (2003) Capricorn, London: Radcliffe Press.
32. Jacobs, S. (1995) ‘Gender divisions and the formation of ethnicities in Zimbabwe’, in D. Stasiulis and N. Yuval-Davis (eds), Unsettling Settler Societies, London: Sage.
33. Kaarsholm, P. (2005) ‘Coming to terms with violence’, in R. Muponde and R. Primorac (eds), Versions of Zimbabwe, Harare: Weaver Press.
34. Kesby, M. (1996) ‘Arenas for control, terrains of gender contestation: guerrilla struggle and counterinsurgency warfare in Zimbabwe 1972–1980’, Journal of Southern African Studies, 22(4): 561–84.
35. Kriger, N. (1992) Zimbabwe’s Guerrilla War: Peasant Voices, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
36. Kriger, N. (1995) ‘The politics of creating national heroes: the search for political legitimacy and national identity’, in N. Bhebe and T. Ranger (eds), Soldiers in Zimbabwe’s Liberation War, Oxford: James Currey.
37. Kriger, N. (2005) ‘ZANU (PF) strategies in gender elections, 1980–2000’, African Affairs, 104(414): 1–34.
38. Lan, D. (1985) Guns and Rain, Guerrillas and Spirit Mediums in Zimbabwe, Oxford: James Currey.
39. Lindsay, L. and S. F. Miescher (eds) (2003) Men and Masculinities in Modern Africa, Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.
40. Lotter, C. (1984) Rhodesian Soldier and Others Who Fought, Alberton, SA: Galago.
41. Lovett, J. (1977) Contact, Harare: Galaxie Press.
42. MacBruce, J. (1983) When the Going was Rough: A Rhodesian Story, Pretoria, SA: Femina Publishers.
43. McCall, L. (2005) ‘The complexity of intersectionality’, Signs, 30(3): 1771–800.
44. McCulloch, J. (2000) Black Peril, White Virtue: Sexual Crime in Southern Rhodesia, 1902–1935, Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.
45. Maxwell, D. (2006) African Gifts of the Spirit, Oxford: James Currey.
46. Moore, D. (1995) ‘Democracy, violence and identity in the Zimbabwean war of national liberation’, Canadian Journal of African Studies, 29(3): 375–402.
47. Moore-King, B. (1988) White Man Black War, Harare: Baobab Books.
48. Morrell, R. (2001) From Boys to Gentlemen: Settler Masculinity in Colonial Natal, Natal: University of South Africa.
49. Mutasa, D. (1983) Black behind Bars: Rhodesia 1959–1974, Harare: Longman.
50. Muzondidya, J. (2005) Walking a Tightrope: Towards a Social History of the Coloured People of Zimbabwe, Trenton, NJ: Africa Research and Publications.
51. Ndlovu-Gatsheni, S. (2005) ‘The last days of Rhodesia and the politics of transition to independence in Zimbabwe, 1977–1980’, Mimeo.
52. Nhongo-Simbanegavi, J. (2000) For Better or Worse? Women and ZANLA in Zimbabwe’s Liberation Struggle, Harare: Weaver Press.
53. Nkomo, J. (1984) The Story of My Life, London: Methuen.
54. Nyagumbo, M. (1980) With the People: An Autobiography from the Zimbabwean Struggle, London: Allison and Busby.
55. Ouzgane, L. and R. Morrell (eds) (2005) African Masculinities, New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
56. Parpart, J. (forthcoming) ‘Silenced visions of citizenship, democracy and nation: African MPs in Rhodesian parliaments, 1963–1978’, in S. Ndhlovu-Gatsheni and J. Benjamin (eds), Re-thinking and Re-Imagining Nationalism in 21st Century Africa.
57. Pongweni, A. (ed.) (1982) Songs that Won the Liberation War, Harare: College Press.
58. Raeburn, M. (1978) Black Fire, London: Julian Friedmann.
59. Raftopoulos, B. (1999) ‘Nationalism and labour in Salisbury, 1953–1965’, in B. Raftopoulos and T. Yoshikuni (eds), Sites of Struggle, Harare: Weaver Press.
60. Ranchod Nilsson, S. (2006) ‘Gender politics and the pendulum of political and social transformation in Zimbabwe’, Journal of Southern African Studies, 32(1): 49–67.
61. Ranger, T. (1979) Revolt in Southern Rhodesia 1986–7, London: Heinemann.
62. Ranger, T. (1985) Peasant Consciousness and Guerrilla War in Zimbabwe, Harare: Zimbabwe Publishing House.
63. Ranger, T. (1995) Are We Not Also Men?: The Samkange Family and African Politics in Zimbabwe 1920–64, Oxford: James Currey.
64. Ranger, T. (2004) ‘Rule by historiography: the struggle over the past in contemporary Zimbabwe’, in R. Muponde and R. Primorac (eds), Versions of Zimbabwe: New Approaches to Literature and Culture, Harare: Weaver Press.
65. Reid-Daly, Lt Col. R., as told to Peter Stiff (1982) Selous Scouts Top Secret War, Alberton, SA: Galago.
66. Reid-Daly, Lt Col. R. (1999) Pamwe Chete: The Legends of the Selous Scouts, Weltervreden Park, SA: Covos-Day.
67. Scarnecchia, T. (1996) ‘Poor women and nationalist politics’, Journal of African History, 27(2): 283–310.
68. Scarnecchia, T. (1999) ‘The mapping of respectability and the transformation of African residential space’, in B. Raftopoulos and T. Yoshikuni (eds), Sites of Struggle, Harare: Weaver Press.
69. Schmidt, E. (1992) Peasants, Traders and Wives: Shona Women in the History of Zimbabwe, 1870–1939, Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.
70. Shire, C. (1994) ‘Men don’t go to the Moon: language, space and masculinities in Zimbabwe’, in A. Cornwall and N. Lindisfarne (eds), Dislocating Masculinity, London: Routledge.
71. Sithole, N. (1977) Roots of a Revolution, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
72. Skimin, R. (1977) The Rhodesian Sellout, New York: Libra Publishers.
73. Spring, W. (1986) The Long Fields: Zimbabwe Since Independence, Basingstoke: Pickering and Inglis.
74. Staunton, I. (ed.) (1990) Mothers of the Nation, Harare: Baobab Press.
75. Streets, H. (2004) Martial Races: The Military, Race and Masculinity in British Imperial Culture, 1857– 1914, Manchester: Manchester University Press.
76. Summers, C. (2002) Colonial Lessons: Africans’ Education in Southern Rhodesia, 1918–1940, Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.
77. Tosh, J. (1999) A Man’s Place: Masculinity and the Middle Class Home in Victorian England, New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
78. Tredgold, R. (1968) The Rhodesia that was My Life, London: George Allen and Unwin.
79. Tshabangu, O. M. (1977) The March 11th Movement in ZAPU, York: Tiger Papers.
80. Vambe, L. (1976) From Rhodesia to Zimbabwe, London: Heinemann.
81. Weinrich, A. K. H. (1979) Women and Racial Discrimination, Paris: UNESCO.
82. Weiss, R. (1986) The Women of Zimbabwe, London: Kesho.
83. Weiss, R. (1994) Zimbabwe and the New Elite, London: I.B.Tauris.
84. Weiss, R. with J. Parpart (2001) Sir Garfield Todd and the Making of Zimbabwe, London: British Academic Press.
85. Werbner, R. (1991) Tears of the Dead: The Social Biography of an African Family, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
86. West, M. (1997) ‘Liquor and libido: “joint drinking” and the politics of sexual control in colonial Zimbabwe, 1920s–1950s’, Journal of Social History, 30(3): 645–67.
87. West, M. (2002) The Rise of an African Middle Class: Colonial Zimbabwe, 1898–1965, Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
88. White, L. (2003) The Assassination of Herbert Chitepo, Cape Town: Double Storey Books.
89. White, L. (2005) ‘Precarious conditions: a note on counter-insurgency in Africa after 1945’, in S. D’Cruze and A. Rao (eds), Violence, Vulnerability and Embodiment, Oxford: Blackwells.
90. Wiegman, R. (2001) ‘Object lessons: men, masculinity and the sign women’, Signs, 26(2): 355–88.