-
2
-
-
84937296144
-
'so that a labourer could live with his family': Overlooked factors in social and economic strife in urban colonial Zimbabwe, 1945-1952
-
Railway workers were more likely to live in family units than other workers, though in private "locations" run by their employers rather than in the municipal townships designated for urban-dwelling Africans. See Teresa Barnes, "'So That a Labourer Could Live with his Family': Overlooked Factors in Social and Economic Strife in Urban Colonial Zimbabwe, 1945-1952," Journal of Southern African Studies 21, 1 (1995): 95-113.
-
(1995)
Journal of Southern African Studies 21
, vol.1
, pp. 95-113
-
-
Barnes, T.1
-
3
-
-
84959938419
-
Nationalism and labour in Salisbury, 1953-1965
-
It was only in the late 1950s that the number of Southern Rhodesian Africans working in the urban areas surpassed migrants from other colonies. See Brian Raftopoulos, "Nationalism and Labour in Salisbury, 1953-1965," Journal of Southern African Studies 21, 1 (1995): 79-93.
-
(1995)
Journal of Southern African Studies 21
, vol.1
, pp. 79-93
-
-
Raftopoulos, B.1
-
5
-
-
0004065544
-
-
Baltimore
-
See, for example, Shula Marks, The Ambiguities of Dependence: Class, Nationalism and the State in Twentieth-Century Natal (Baltimore, 1986) and Terence Ranger, Are We Not Also Men?: The Samkange Family & African Politics in Zimbabwe, 1920-1964 (Portsmouth, NH, 1995).
-
(1986)
The Ambiguities of Dependence: Class, Nationalism and the State in Twentieth-century Natal
-
-
Marks, S.1
-
6
-
-
0003559903
-
-
Portsmouth, NH
-
See, for example, Shula Marks, The Ambiguities of Dependence: Class, Nationalism and the State in Twentieth-Century Natal (Baltimore, 1986) and Terence Ranger, Are We Not Also Men?: The Samkange Family & African Politics in Zimbabwe, 1920-1964 (Portsmouth, NH, 1995).
-
(1995)
Are We Not Also Men?: The Samkange Family & African Politics in Zimbabwe, 1920-1964
-
-
Ranger, T.1
-
8
-
-
0040362039
-
-
PhD dissertation, Indiana University
-
Marriage in church under "civil" law, which mandated monogamy on pain of prosecution for bigamy, was a virtual prerequisite for elite status. The great majority of African unions, by contrast, were contracted under "customary" law, with polygyny allowed. See Barbara A. Moss, "Holding Body and Soul Together: Women, Autonomy and Christianity in Colonial Zimbabwe" (PhD dissertation, Indiana University, 1991); Elizabeth Schmidt, Peasants, Traders and Wives: Shona Women in the History of Zimbabwe, 1870-1939 (Portsmouth, NH, 1992); Diana Jeater, Marriage, Perversion, and Power: The Construction of Moral Discourse in Southern Rhodesia, 1894-1930 (Oxford, 1993); Teresa A. Barnes, "The Fight for Control of African Women's Mobility in Colonial Zimbabwe, 1900-1939," Signs 17 (1992): 586-608.
-
(1991)
Holding Body and Soul Together: Women, Autonomy and Christianity in Colonial Zimbabwe
-
-
Moss, B.A.1
-
9
-
-
0004075319
-
-
Portsmouth, NH
-
Marriage in church under "civil" law, which mandated monogamy on pain of prosecution for bigamy, was a virtual prerequisite for elite status. The great majority of African unions, by contrast, were contracted under "customary" law, with polygyny allowed. See Barbara A. Moss, "Holding Body and Soul Together: Women, Autonomy and Christianity in Colonial Zimbabwe" (PhD dissertation, Indiana University, 1991); Elizabeth Schmidt, Peasants, Traders and Wives: Shona Women in the History of Zimbabwe, 1870-1939 (Portsmouth, NH, 1992); Diana Jeater, Marriage, Perversion, and Power: The Construction of Moral Discourse in Southern Rhodesia, 1894-1930 (Oxford, 1993); Teresa A. Barnes, "The Fight for Control of African Women's Mobility in Colonial Zimbabwe, 1900-1939," Signs 17 (1992): 586-608.
-
(1992)
Peasants, Traders and Wives: Shona Women in the History of Zimbabwe, 1870-1939
-
-
Schmidt, E.1
-
10
-
-
0003574056
-
-
Oxford
-
Marriage in church under "civil" law, which mandated monogamy on pain of prosecution for bigamy, was a virtual prerequisite for elite status. The great majority of African unions, by contrast, were contracted under "customary" law, with polygyny allowed. See Barbara A. Moss, "Holding Body and Soul Together: Women, Autonomy and Christianity in Colonial Zimbabwe" (PhD dissertation, Indiana University, 1991); Elizabeth Schmidt, Peasants, Traders and Wives: Shona Women in the History of Zimbabwe, 1870-1939 (Portsmouth, NH, 1992); Diana Jeater, Marriage, Perversion, and Power: The Construction of Moral Discourse in Southern Rhodesia, 1894-1930 (Oxford, 1993); Teresa A. Barnes, "The Fight for Control of African Women's Mobility in Colonial Zimbabwe, 1900-1939," Signs 17 (1992): 586-608.
-
(1993)
Marriage, Perversion, and Power: The Construction of Moral Discourse in Southern Rhodesia, 1894-1930
-
-
Jeater, D.1
-
11
-
-
84933495125
-
The fight for control of african women's mobility in colonial zimbabwe, 1900-1939
-
Marriage in church under "civil" law, which mandated monogamy on pain of prosecution for bigamy, was a virtual prerequisite for elite status. The great majority of African unions, by contrast, were contracted under "customary" law, with polygyny allowed. See Barbara A. Moss, "Holding Body and Soul Together: Women, Autonomy and Christianity in Colonial Zimbabwe" (PhD dissertation, Indiana University, 1991); Elizabeth Schmidt, Peasants, Traders and Wives: Shona Women in the History of Zimbabwe, 1870-1939 (Portsmouth, NH, 1992); Diana Jeater, Marriage, Perversion, and Power: The Construction of Moral Discourse in Southern Rhodesia, 1894-1930 (Oxford, 1993); Teresa A. Barnes, "The Fight for Control of African Women's Mobility in Colonial Zimbabwe, 1900-1939," Signs 17 (1992): 586-608.
-
(1992)
Signs
, vol.17
, pp. 586-608
-
-
Barnes, T.A.1
-
12
-
-
0040956248
-
-
London
-
This is suggested by elite African men themselves. See, for example, Nathan Shamuyarira, Crisis in Rhodesia (London, 1965) and Lawrence Vambe, From Rhodesia to Zimbabwe (Pittsburgh, 1976).
-
(1965)
Crisis in Rhodesia
-
-
Shamuyarira, N.1
-
13
-
-
0013437231
-
-
Pittsburgh
-
This is suggested by elite African men themselves. See, for example, Nathan Shamuyarira, Crisis in Rhodesia (London, 1965) and Lawrence Vambe, From Rhodesia to Zimbabwe (Pittsburgh, 1976).
-
(1976)
From Rhodesia to Zimbabwe
-
-
Vambe, L.1
-
14
-
-
0040362096
-
-
It is however mentioned briefly by Teresa Barnes, "Control of African Women's Mobility," 604 and Richard Parry, "The 'Durban System' and the Limits of Colonial Power in Salisbury, 1890-1935," in Jonathan Crush and Charles Ambler (eds.), Liquor and Labor in Southern Africa (Athens, OH, 1992), pp. 133-34.
-
Control of African Women's Mobility
, pp. 604
-
-
Barnes, T.1
-
15
-
-
0040956186
-
The 'durban system' and the limits of colonial power in Salisbury, 1890-1935
-
Jonathan Crush and Charles Ambler (eds.), Athens, OH
-
It is however mentioned briefly by Teresa Barnes, "Control of African Women's Mobility," 604 and Richard Parry, "The 'Durban System' and the Limits of Colonial Power in Salisbury, 1890-1935," in Jonathan Crush and Charles Ambler (eds.), Liquor and Labor in Southern Africa (Athens, OH, 1992), pp. 133-34.
-
(1992)
Liquor and Labor in Southern Africa
, pp. 133-134
-
-
Parry, R.1
-
16
-
-
0004045046
-
-
Cambridge
-
For a general overview of the labor processes in colonial Africa, see Bill Freund, The African Worker (Cambridge, 1988); Sharon Stichter, Migrant Laborers (Cambridge, 1985); Ken Swindell, Farm Labour (Cambridge, 1985).
-
(1988)
The African Worker
-
-
Freund, B.1
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17
-
-
85040848441
-
-
Cambridge
-
For a general overview of the labor processes in colonial Africa, see Bill Freund, The African Worker (Cambridge, 1988); Sharon Stichter, Migrant Laborers (Cambridge, 1985); Ken Swindell, Farm Labour (Cambridge, 1985).
-
(1985)
Migrant Laborers
-
-
Stichter, S.1
-
18
-
-
85040849606
-
-
Cambridge
-
For a general overview of the labor processes in colonial Africa, see Bill Freund, The African Worker (Cambridge, 1988); Sharon Stichter, Migrant Laborers (Cambridge, 1985); Ken Swindell, Farm Labour (Cambridge, 1985).
-
(1985)
Farm Labour
-
-
Swindell, K.1
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19
-
-
0039769955
-
Race, sex and domestic labor: The question of African Female servants in Southern Rhodesia, 1900-1939
-
Karen Tranberg Hansen (ed.), New Brunswick
-
Elizabeth Schmidt, "Race, Sex and Domestic Labor: The Question of African Female Servants in Southern Rhodesia, 1900-1939," in Karen Tranberg Hansen (ed.), African Encounters with Domesticity (New Brunswick, 1992), pp. 221-41; Sheila Nomathemba Ndlovu, "A History of Domestic Workers in Bulawayo, 1930 to 1950" (BA Honors thesis, Department of History, University of Zimbabwe, 1986).
-
(1992)
African Encounters with Domesticity
, pp. 221-241
-
-
Schmidt, E.1
-
20
-
-
0039177424
-
-
BA Honors thesis, Department of History, University of Zimbabwe
-
Elizabeth Schmidt, "Race, Sex and Domestic Labor: The Question of African Female Servants in Southern Rhodesia, 1900-1939," in Karen Tranberg Hansen (ed.), African Encounters with Domesticity (New Brunswick, 1992), pp. 221-41; Sheila Nomathemba Ndlovu, "A History of Domestic Workers in Bulawayo, 1930 to 1950" (BA Honors thesis, Department of History, University of Zimbabwe, 1986).
-
(1986)
A History of Domestic Workers in Bulawayo, 1930 to 1950
-
-
Nomathemba Ndlovu, S.1
-
24
-
-
0003439253
-
-
London
-
Charles van Onselen, Chibaro: African Mine Labour in Southern Rhodesia, 1900-1933 (London, 1976); Kenneth P. Vickery, "The Second World War Revival of Forced Labor in the Rhodesias," International Journal of African Historical Studies 22 (1989): 423-37; Steven Craig Rubert, "You Have Taken My Sweat: Agricultural Wage Labour in Colonial Zimbabwe, 1904 to 1945" (PhD dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles, 1990); Leonard Leslie Bessant, "Coercive Development: Land Shortage, Forced Labor, and Colonial Development in the Chiweshe Reserve, Colonial Zimbabwe, 1938-1946," International Journal of African Historical Studies 25 (1992): 39-65; David Johnson, "Settler Farmers and Coerced African Labour in Southern Rhodesia, 1936-46," Journal of African History 33 (1992): 111-28; Ian Phimister, "Coal, Crisis, and Class Struggle: Wankie Colliery, 1918-22," Journal of African History 33 (1992): 65-86; Beverly Grier, "Invisible Hands: The Political Economy of Child Labour in Colonial Zimbabwe, 1890-1930," Journal of Southern African Studies 20 (1994): 27-52.
-
(1976)
Chibaro: African Mine Labour in Southern Rhodesia, 1900-1933
-
-
Van Onselen, C.1
-
25
-
-
0039177472
-
The second world war revival of forced labor in the Rhodesias
-
Charles van Onselen, Chibaro: African Mine Labour in Southern Rhodesia, 1900-1933 (London, 1976); Kenneth P. Vickery, "The Second World War Revival of Forced Labor in the Rhodesias," International Journal of African Historical Studies 22 (1989): 423-37; Steven Craig Rubert, "You Have Taken My Sweat: Agricultural Wage Labour in Colonial Zimbabwe, 1904 to 1945" (PhD dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles, 1990); Leonard Leslie Bessant, "Coercive Development: Land Shortage, Forced Labor, and Colonial Development in the Chiweshe Reserve, Colonial Zimbabwe, 1938-1946," International Journal of African Historical Studies 25 (1992): 39-65; David Johnson, "Settler Farmers and Coerced African Labour in Southern Rhodesia, 1936-46," Journal of African History 33 (1992): 111-28; Ian Phimister, "Coal, Crisis, and Class Struggle: Wankie Colliery, 1918-22," Journal of African History 33 (1992): 65-86; Beverly Grier, "Invisible Hands: The Political Economy of Child Labour in Colonial Zimbabwe, 1890-1930," Journal of Southern African Studies 20 (1994): 27-52.
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(1989)
International Journal of African Historical Studies
, vol.22
, pp. 423-437
-
-
Vickery, K.P.1
-
26
-
-
0039177483
-
-
PhD dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles
-
Charles van Onselen, Chibaro: African Mine Labour in Southern Rhodesia, 1900-1933 (London, 1976); Kenneth P. Vickery, "The Second World War Revival of Forced Labor in the Rhodesias," International Journal of African Historical Studies 22 (1989): 423-37; Steven Craig Rubert, "You Have Taken My Sweat: Agricultural Wage Labour in Colonial Zimbabwe, 1904 to 1945" (PhD dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles, 1990); Leonard Leslie Bessant, "Coercive Development: Land Shortage, Forced Labor, and Colonial Development in the Chiweshe Reserve, Colonial Zimbabwe, 1938-1946," International Journal of African Historical Studies 25 (1992): 39-65; David Johnson, "Settler Farmers and Coerced African Labour in Southern Rhodesia, 1936-46," Journal of African History 33 (1992): 111-28; Ian Phimister, "Coal, Crisis, and Class Struggle: Wankie Colliery, 1918-22," Journal of African History 33 (1992): 65-86; Beverly Grier, "Invisible Hands: The Political Economy of Child Labour in Colonial Zimbabwe, 1890-1930," Journal of Southern African Studies 20 (1994): 27-52.
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(1990)
You Have Taken My Sweat: Agricultural Wage Labour in Colonial Zimbabwe, 1904 to 1945
-
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Rubert, S.C.1
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27
-
-
0010628967
-
Coercive development: Land shortage, forced labor, and colonial development in the chiweshe reserve, colonial Zimbabwe, 1938-1946
-
Charles van Onselen, Chibaro: African Mine Labour in Southern Rhodesia, 1900-1933 (London, 1976); Kenneth P. Vickery, "The Second World War Revival of Forced Labor in the Rhodesias," International Journal of African Historical Studies 22 (1989): 423-37; Steven Craig Rubert, "You Have Taken My Sweat: Agricultural Wage Labour in Colonial Zimbabwe, 1904 to 1945" (PhD dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles, 1990); Leonard Leslie Bessant, "Coercive Development: Land Shortage, Forced Labor, and Colonial Development in the Chiweshe Reserve, Colonial Zimbabwe, 1938-1946," International Journal of African Historical Studies 25 (1992): 39-65; David Johnson, "Settler Farmers and Coerced African Labour in Southern Rhodesia, 1936-46," Journal of African History 33 (1992): 111-28; Ian Phimister, "Coal, Crisis, and Class Struggle: Wankie Colliery, 1918-22," Journal of African History 33 (1992): 65-86; Beverly Grier, "Invisible Hands: The Political Economy of Child Labour in Colonial Zimbabwe, 1890-1930," Journal of Southern African Studies 20 (1994): 27-52.
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(1992)
International Journal of African Historical Studies
, vol.25
, pp. 39-65
-
-
Bessant, L.L.1
-
28
-
-
0005312242
-
Settler farmers and coerced African labour in Southern Rhodesia, 1936-46
-
Charles van Onselen, Chibaro: African Mine Labour in Southern Rhodesia, 1900-1933 (London, 1976); Kenneth P. Vickery, "The Second World War Revival of Forced Labor in the Rhodesias," International Journal of African Historical Studies 22 (1989): 423-37; Steven Craig Rubert, "You Have Taken My Sweat: Agricultural Wage Labour in Colonial Zimbabwe, 1904 to 1945" (PhD dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles, 1990); Leonard Leslie Bessant, "Coercive Development: Land Shortage, Forced Labor, and Colonial Development in the Chiweshe Reserve, Colonial Zimbabwe, 1938-1946," International Journal of African Historical Studies 25 (1992): 39-65; David Johnson, "Settler Farmers and Coerced African Labour in Southern Rhodesia, 1936-46," Journal of African History 33 (1992): 111-28; Ian Phimister, "Coal, Crisis, and Class Struggle: Wankie Colliery, 1918-22," Journal of African History 33 (1992): 65-86; Beverly Grier, "Invisible Hands: The Political Economy of Child Labour in Colonial Zimbabwe, 1890-1930," Journal of Southern African Studies 20 (1994): 27-52.
-
(1992)
Journal of African History
, vol.33
, pp. 111-128
-
-
Johnson, D.1
-
29
-
-
0039177435
-
Coal, crisis, and class struggle: Wankie Colliery, 1918-22
-
Charles van Onselen, Chibaro: African Mine Labour in Southern Rhodesia, 1900-1933 (London, 1976); Kenneth P. Vickery, "The Second World War Revival of Forced Labor in the Rhodesias," International Journal of African Historical Studies 22 (1989): 423-37; Steven Craig Rubert, "You Have Taken My Sweat: Agricultural Wage Labour in Colonial Zimbabwe, 1904 to 1945" (PhD dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles, 1990); Leonard Leslie Bessant, "Coercive Development: Land Shortage, Forced Labor, and Colonial Development in the Chiweshe Reserve, Colonial Zimbabwe, 1938-1946," International Journal of African Historical Studies 25 (1992): 39-65; David Johnson, "Settler Farmers and Coerced African Labour in Southern Rhodesia, 1936-46," Journal of African History 33 (1992): 111-28; Ian Phimister, "Coal, Crisis, and Class Struggle: Wankie Colliery, 1918-22," Journal of African History 33 (1992): 65-86; Beverly Grier, "Invisible Hands: The Political Economy of Child Labour in Colonial Zimbabwe, 1890-1930," Journal of Southern African Studies 20 (1994): 27-52.
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(1992)
Journal of African History
, vol.33
, pp. 65-86
-
-
Phimister, I.1
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30
-
-
0028582240
-
Invisible hands: The political economy of child labour in colonial Zimbabwe, 1890-1930
-
Charles van Onselen, Chibaro: African Mine Labour in Southern Rhodesia, 1900-1933 (London, 1976); Kenneth P. Vickery, "The Second World War Revival of Forced Labor in the Rhodesias," International Journal of African Historical Studies 22 (1989): 423-37; Steven Craig Rubert, "You Have Taken My Sweat: Agricultural Wage Labour in Colonial Zimbabwe, 1904 to 1945" (PhD dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles, 1990); Leonard Leslie Bessant, "Coercive Development: Land Shortage, Forced Labor, and Colonial Development in the Chiweshe Reserve, Colonial Zimbabwe, 1938-1946," International Journal of African Historical Studies 25 (1992): 39-65; David Johnson, "Settler Farmers and Coerced African Labour in Southern Rhodesia, 1936-46," Journal of African History 33 (1992): 111-28; Ian Phimister, "Coal, Crisis, and Class Struggle: Wankie Colliery, 1918-22," Journal of African History 33 (1992): 65-86; Beverly Grier, "Invisible Hands: The Political Economy of Child Labour in Colonial Zimbabwe, 1890-1930," Journal of Southern African Studies 20 (1994): 27-52.
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(1994)
Journal of Southern African Studies
, vol.20
, pp. 27-52
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-
Grier, B.1
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34
-
-
0039177475
-
-
4th May, 1927 (Salisbury, Rhodesia)
-
Debates of the Legislative Assembly, vol. 6, 4th May, 1927 (Salisbury, Rhodesia), cols. 59-60.
-
Debates of the Legislative Assembly
, vol.6
, pp. 59-60
-
-
-
41
-
-
0003678575
-
-
Berkeley
-
Robin Palmer, Land and Racial Domination in Rhodesia (Berkeley, 1977); Ian Phimister, An Economic and Social History of Zimbabwe, 1890-1948: Capital Accumulation and Class Struggle (London, 1988).
-
(1977)
Land and Racial Domination in Rhodesia
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-
Palmer, R.1
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43
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-
0039769916
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Farmers, hunters, and gold-washers: A reevaluation of women's roles in precolonial and colonial Zimbabwe
-
Elizabeth Schmidt, "Farmers, Hunters, and Gold-Washers: A Reevaluation of Women's Roles in Precolonial and Colonial Zimbabwe," African Economic History 17 (1988): 45-80.
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(1988)
African Economic History
, vol.17
, pp. 45-80
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-
Schmidt, E.1
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46
-
-
84929225588
-
Black and white: The 'perils of sex' in colonial Zimbabwe
-
John Pape, "Black and White: The 'Perils of Sex' in Colonial Zimbabwe," Journal of Southern African Studies 16 (1990): 699-720. On the same phenomenon elsewhere in southern Africa, see Norman Etherington, "Natal's Black Scare of the 1870s," Journal of Southern African Studies 15 (1988): 36-53; Charles van Onselen, Studies in the Social and Economic History of the Witwatersrand, 1886-1914: New Ninevah, vol. 2 (London, 1982), pp. 1-73; and Karen Tranberg Hansen, Distant Companions: Servants and Employers in Zambia, 1900-1985 (Ithaca, 1989), passim.
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(1990)
Journal of Southern African Studies
, vol.16
, pp. 699-720
-
-
Pape, J.1
-
47
-
-
84954731082
-
Natal's black scare of the 1870s
-
John Pape, "Black and White: The 'Perils of Sex' in Colonial Zimbabwe," Journal of Southern African Studies 16 (1990): 699-720. On the same phenomenon elsewhere in southern Africa, see Norman Etherington, "Natal's Black Scare of the 1870s," Journal of Southern African Studies 15 (1988): 36-53; Charles van Onselen, Studies in the Social and Economic History of the Witwatersrand, 1886-1914: New Ninevah, vol. 2 (London, 1982), pp. 1-73; and Karen Tranberg Hansen, Distant Companions: Servants and Employers in Zambia, 1900-1985 (Ithaca, 1989), passim.
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(1988)
Journal of Southern African Studies
, vol.15
, pp. 36-53
-
-
Etherington, N.1
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48
-
-
84929225588
-
-
London
-
John Pape, "Black and White: The 'Perils of Sex' in Colonial Zimbabwe," Journal of Southern African Studies 16 (1990): 699-720. On the same phenomenon elsewhere in southern Africa, see Norman Etherington, "Natal's Black Scare of the 1870s," Journal of Southern African Studies 15 (1988): 36-53; Charles van Onselen, Studies in the Social and Economic History of the Witwatersrand, 1886-1914: New Ninevah, vol. 2 (London, 1982), pp. 1-73; and Karen Tranberg Hansen, Distant Companions: Servants and Employers in Zambia, 1900-1985 (Ithaca, 1989), passim.
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(1982)
Studies in the Social and Economic History of the Witwatersrand, 1886-1914: New Ninevah
, vol.2
, pp. 1-73
-
-
Van Onselen, C.1
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49
-
-
84929225588
-
-
Ithaca, passim
-
John Pape, "Black and White: The 'Perils of Sex' in Colonial Zimbabwe," Journal of Southern African Studies 16 (1990): 699-720. On the same phenomenon elsewhere in southern Africa, see Norman Etherington, "Natal's Black Scare of the 1870s," Journal of Southern African Studies 15 (1988): 36-53; Charles van Onselen, Studies in the Social and Economic History of the Witwatersrand, 1886-1914: New Ninevah, vol. 2 (London, 1982), pp. 1-73; and Karen Tranberg Hansen, Distant Companions: Servants and Employers in Zambia, 1900-1985 (Ithaca, 1989), passim.
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(1989)
Distant Companions: Servants and Employers in Zambia, 1900-1985
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-
Hansen, K.T.1
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53
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0039177471
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On the development of the beerhall system in Salisbury, see Parry, "The 'Durban System,'" pp. 115-38.
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The 'Durban System'
, pp. 115-138
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-
Parry1
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54
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84972273964
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'equal rights for all civilized Men': Elite africans and the quest for 'European' liquor in colonial Zimbabwe, 1924-1961
-
Michael O. West, "'Equal Rights for all Civilized Men': Elite Africans and the Quest for 'European' Liquor in Colonial Zimbabwe, 1924-1961," International Review of Social History 37 (1992): 376-97. Some of the individuals who spearheaded the fight for "European" liquor in Southern Rhodesia went on to become African nationalist leaders. By contrast, one scholar has located the "roots" of African nationalism in South Africa's Cape Colony in the temperance movement. See Wallace G. Mills, "The Roots of African Nationalism in the Cape Colony: Temperance, 1866-1898," International Journal of African Historical Studies 13 (1980): 197-213.
-
(1992)
International Review of Social History
, vol.37
, pp. 376-397
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West, M.O.1
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55
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84972273964
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The roots of african nationalism in the cape colony: Temperance, 1866-1898
-
Michael O. West, "'Equal Rights for all Civilized Men': Elite Africans and the Quest for 'European' Liquor in Colonial Zimbabwe, 1924-1961," International Review of Social History 37 (1992): 376-97. Some of the individuals who spearheaded the fight for "European" liquor in Southern Rhodesia went on to become African nationalist leaders. By contrast, one scholar has located the "roots" of African nationalism in South Africa's Cape Colony in the temperance movement. See Wallace G. Mills, "The Roots of African Nationalism in the Cape Colony: Temperance, 1866-1898," International Journal of African Historical Studies 13 (1980): 197-213.
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(1980)
International Journal of African Historical Studies
, vol.13
, pp. 197-213
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-
Mills, W.G.1
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62
-
-
0040956244
-
-
into ... Municipal Beer Hall, Bulawayo Location 23 May
-
The substance of Mnyanda's manifesto is summarized in Herbert Carter, Report of Enquiry into ... Municipal Beer Hall, Bulawayo Location ... , 23 May 1934. A copy of this document is located at The University of the Witwatersrand Archives, Historical and Literary Papers, Joint Council on Europeans and Africans, Da3. 2 (file 1).
-
(1934)
Report of Enquiry
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-
Carter, H.1
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63
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0040362081
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The social significance of Beer among the Balobedu
-
Eileen Jensen Krige, "The Social Significance of Beer among the Balobedu," Bantu Studies 6 (1932): 347; Bertram Hutchinson, "Alcohol as a Contributing Factor in Social Disorganization: The South African Bantu in the Nineteenth Century," in Mac Marshall (ed.), Beliefs, Behaviors, & Alcoholic Beverages: A Cross-Cultural Survey (Ann Arbor, 1979), p. 329; Charles H. Ambler, "Alcohol and Disorder in Precolonial Africa" (Boston University, Working Papers in African Studies, No. 126), p. 6; P. A. McAllister, "Indigenous Beer in Southern Africa: Functions and Fluctuations," African Studies 52, 1 (1993): 77.
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(1932)
Bantu Studies
, vol.6
, pp. 347
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Krige, E.J.1
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64
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0040362081
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Alcohol as a contributing factor in social disorganization: The South African Bantu in the Nineteenth Century
-
Mac Marshall (ed.), Ann Arbor
-
Eileen Jensen Krige, "The Social Significance of Beer among the Balobedu," Bantu Studies 6 (1932): 347; Bertram Hutchinson, "Alcohol as a Contributing Factor in Social Disorganization: The South African Bantu in the Nineteenth Century," in Mac Marshall (ed.), Beliefs, Behaviors, & Alcoholic Beverages: A Cross-Cultural Survey (Ann Arbor, 1979), p. 329; Charles H. Ambler, "Alcohol and Disorder in Precolonial Africa" (Boston University, Working Papers in African Studies, No. 126), p. 6; P. A. McAllister, "Indigenous Beer in Southern Africa: Functions and Fluctuations," African Studies 52, 1 (1993): 77.
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(1979)
Beliefs, Behaviors, & Alcoholic Beverages: A Cross-cultural Survey
, pp. 329
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-
Hutchinson, B.1
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65
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0040362081
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Alcohol and disorder in precolonial Africa"
-
Boston University
-
Eileen Jensen Krige, "The Social Significance of Beer among the Balobedu," Bantu Studies 6 (1932): 347; Bertram Hutchinson, "Alcohol as a Contributing Factor in Social Disorganization: The South African Bantu in the Nineteenth Century," in Mac Marshall (ed.), Beliefs, Behaviors, & Alcoholic Beverages: A Cross-Cultural Survey (Ann Arbor, 1979), p. 329; Charles H. Ambler, "Alcohol and Disorder in Precolonial Africa" (Boston University, Working Papers in African Studies, No. 126), p. 6; P. A. McAllister, "Indigenous Beer in Southern Africa: Functions and Fluctuations," African Studies 52, 1 (1993): 77.
-
Working Papers in African Studies
, vol.126
, pp. 6
-
-
Ambler, C.H.1
-
66
-
-
0039769917
-
Indigenous Beer in Southern Africa: Functions and fluctuations
-
Eileen Jensen Krige, "The Social Significance of Beer among the Balobedu," Bantu Studies 6 (1932): 347; Bertram Hutchinson, "Alcohol as a Contributing Factor in Social Disorganization: The South African Bantu in the Nineteenth Century," in Mac Marshall (ed.), Beliefs, Behaviors, & Alcoholic Beverages: A Cross-Cultural Survey (Ann Arbor, 1979), p. 329; Charles H. Ambler, "Alcohol and Disorder in Precolonial Africa" (Boston University, Working Papers in African Studies, No. 126), p. 6; P. A. McAllister, "Indigenous Beer in Southern Africa: Functions and Fluctuations," African Studies 52, 1 (1993): 77.
-
(1993)
African Studies
, vol.52
, Issue.1
, pp. 77
-
-
McAllister, P.A.1
-
67
-
-
0040362090
-
-
note
-
Africans were barred from the Southern Rhodesian state bureaucracy, with the exception of the Native Affairs Department, where they were restricted to the lowest rungs.
-
-
-
-
68
-
-
84923552500
-
-
Cambridge
-
Eric Hobsbawm and Terence Ranger (eds.), The Invention of Tradition (Cambridge, 1983). Ranger's chapter on "The Invention of Tradition in Colonial Africa" is especially relevant here. Ranger has, however, refined his thinking on this matter. See "The Invention of Tradition Revisited: The Case of Colonial Africa," in Terence Ranger and Olufemi Vaughan (eds.), Legitimacy and the State in Twentieth-Century Africa: Essays in Honour of A. H. M. Kirk-Greene (London, 1993), pp. 62-111. See also Leroy Vail (ed.), The Creation of Tribalism in Southern Africa (London, 1989); Leroy Vail and Landeg White, Power and the Praise Poem: Southern African Voices in History (Charlottesville, 1991).
-
(1983)
The Invention of Tradition
-
-
Hobsbawm, E.1
Ranger, T.2
-
69
-
-
0008111412
-
-
Eric Hobsbawm and Terence Ranger (eds.), The Invention of Tradition (Cambridge, 1983). Ranger's chapter on "The Invention of Tradition in Colonial Africa" is especially relevant here. Ranger has, however, refined his thinking on this matter. See "The Invention of Tradition Revisited: The Case of Colonial Africa," in Terence Ranger and Olufemi Vaughan (eds.), Legitimacy and the State in Twentieth-Century Africa: Essays in Honour of A. H. M. Kirk-Greene (London, 1993), pp. 62-111. See also Leroy Vail (ed.), The Creation of Tribalism in Southern Africa (London, 1989); Leroy Vail and Landeg White, Power and the Praise Poem: Southern African Voices in History (Charlottesville, 1991).
-
The Invention of Tradition in Colonial Africa
-
-
Ranger's1
-
70
-
-
0002548224
-
The invention of tradition revisited: The case of Colonial Africa
-
Terence Ranger and Olufemi Vaughan (eds.), London
-
Eric Hobsbawm and Terence Ranger (eds.), The Invention of Tradition (Cambridge, 1983). Ranger's chapter on "The Invention of Tradition in Colonial Africa" is especially relevant here. Ranger has, however, refined his thinking on this matter. See "The Invention of Tradition Revisited: The Case of Colonial Africa," in Terence Ranger and Olufemi Vaughan (eds.), Legitimacy and the State in Twentieth-Century Africa: Essays in Honour of A. H. M. Kirk-Greene (London, 1993), pp. 62-111. See also Leroy Vail (ed.), The Creation of Tribalism in Southern Africa (London, 1989); Leroy Vail and Landeg White, Power and the Praise Poem: Southern African Voices in History (Charlottesville, 1991).
-
(1993)
Legitimacy and the State in Twentieth-Century Africa: Essays in Honour of A. H. M. Kirk-greene
, pp. 62-111
-
-
-
71
-
-
0003884109
-
-
London
-
Eric Hobsbawm and Terence Ranger (eds.), The Invention of Tradition (Cambridge, 1983). Ranger's chapter on "The Invention of Tradition in Colonial Africa" is especially relevant here. Ranger has, however, refined his thinking on this matter. See "The Invention of Tradition Revisited: The Case of Colonial Africa," in Terence Ranger and Olufemi Vaughan (eds.), Legitimacy and the State in Twentieth-Century Africa: Essays in Honour of A. H. M. Kirk-Greene (London, 1993), pp. 62-111. See also Leroy Vail (ed.), The Creation of Tribalism in Southern Africa (London, 1989); Leroy Vail and Landeg White, Power and the Praise Poem: Southern African Voices in History (Charlottesville, 1991).
-
(1989)
The Creation of Tribalism in Southern Africa
-
-
Vail, L.1
-
72
-
-
0003471902
-
-
Charlottesville
-
Eric Hobsbawm and Terence Ranger (eds.), The Invention of Tradition (Cambridge, 1983). Ranger's chapter on "The Invention of Tradition in Colonial Africa" is especially relevant here. Ranger has, however, refined his thinking on this matter. See "The Invention of Tradition Revisited: The Case of Colonial Africa," in Terence Ranger and Olufemi Vaughan (eds.), Legitimacy and the State in Twentieth-Century Africa: Essays in Honour of A. H. M. Kirk-Greene (London, 1993), pp. 62-111. See also Leroy Vail (ed.), The Creation of Tribalism in Southern Africa (London, 1989); Leroy Vail and Landeg White, Power and the Praise Poem: Southern African Voices in History (Charlottesville, 1991).
-
(1991)
Power and the Praise Poem: Southern African Voices in History
-
-
Vail, L.1
White, L.2
-
73
-
-
0040362043
-
-
10 August
-
NAZ, BE8/10/7: Mnyanda to Superintendent of Natives, 10 August 1934; ibid.: Brief Notes on the Early History of Some of the Native Tribes of Southern Rhodesia, by B. J. Mnyanda.
-
(1934)
Mnyanda to Superintendent of Natives
-
-
-
74
-
-
0040362043
-
-
NAZ, BE8/10/7: Mnyanda to Superintendent of Natives, 10 August 1934; ibid.: Brief Notes on the Early History of Some of the Native Tribes of Southern Rhodesia, by B. J. Mnyanda.
-
(1934)
Mnyanda to Superintendent of Natives
-
-
-
77
-
-
0040956203
-
-
Native Welfare Society of Matabeleland 14 April
-
NAZ, S482/709A/39: Native Welfare Society of Matabeleland, Minutes of ... Joint Advisory Board, 14 April 1938, pp. 1-2.
-
(1938)
Minutes of ... Joint Advisory Board
, pp. 1-2
-
-
-
79
-
-
0040956204
-
-
The Native Welfare Society of Matabeleland, 18 October
-
NAZ, S482/387/39: The Native Welfare Society of Matabeleland, Minutes of the Executive Meeting ... , 18 October 1938, p. 2.
-
(1938)
Minutes of the Executive Meeting
, pp. 2
-
-
-
80
-
-
0039177437
-
-
Rhodes House Library (Oxford), Mss Brit Emp S22, ASAPS, 28 March
-
Rhodes House Library (Oxford), Mss Brit Emp S22, ASAPS, G169: Kumalo to Harris, 28 March 1939. See also ibid.: Kumalo to Harris, 25 August 1939.
-
(1939)
G169: Kumalo to Harris
-
-
-
81
-
-
0039769915
-
-
ibid.: 25 August
-
Rhodes House Library (Oxford), Mss Brit Emp S22, ASAPS, G169: Kumalo to Harris, 28 March 1939. See also ibid.: Kumalo to Harris, 25 August 1939.
-
(1939)
Kumalo to Harris
-
-
-
82
-
-
0040956204
-
-
S482/387/39: The Native Welfare Society of Matabeleland, 18 October
-
NAZ, S482/387/39: The Native Welfare Society of Matabeleland, Minutes of the Executive Meeting ... , 18 October 1938, p. 2.
-
(1938)
Minutes of the Executive Meeting
, pp. 2
-
-
-
83
-
-
0040956198
-
-
S1542/S9, 1935-37: Superintendent of Natives, 2 November
-
NAZ, S1542/S9, 1935-37: Superintendent of Natives, Bulawayo to Chief Native Commissioner, 2 November 1936; NAZ, S1542/L14: Superintendent of Natives, Bulawayo to Chief Native Commissioner, 2 July 1937.
-
(1936)
Bulawayo to Chief Native Commissioner
-
-
-
84
-
-
0039769910
-
-
S1542/L14: Superintendent of Natives, 2 July
-
NAZ, S1542/S9, 1935-37: Superintendent of Natives, Bulawayo to Chief Native Commissioner, 2 November 1936; NAZ, S1542/L14: Superintendent of Natives, Bulawayo to Chief Native Commissioner, 2 July 1937.
-
(1937)
Bulawayo to Chief Native Commissioner
-
-
-
87
-
-
0040956201
-
-
10 June
-
Bantu Mirror, 10 June 1939.
-
(1939)
Bantu Mirror
-
-
-
88
-
-
0040956201
-
-
1 July
-
Bantu Mirror, 1 July 1939.
-
(1939)
Bantu Mirror
-
-
-
89
-
-
0040297803
-
-
29 March
-
Indeed, almost two years later Ngcebetsha vigorously attacked drinking, bemoaning the fact that Africans were throwing "away like impure water their hard got earnings on the Bulawayo Municipal beer hall." As was his wont, he accused "African leaders [of] adopt[ing] a laissez-faire policy" with regard to drinking by children, some of them only young teenagers. See Bantu Mirror, 29 March 1941.
-
(1941)
Bantu Mirror
-
-
-
90
-
-
0040956201
-
-
1 July
-
Bantu Mirror, 1 July 1939. Not one to remain silent in the face of criticism from "natives," especially one as "conceited" as Ngcebetsha, the Rev. Percy Ibbotson, whose report on joint drinking had been so warmly received by the men of the African petty bourgeoisie, also attacked him. See Bantu Mirror, 17 June 1939, 29 July 1939.
-
(1939)
Bantu Mirror
-
-
-
91
-
-
0040956201
-
-
17 June 1939, 29 July
-
Bantu Mirror, 1 July 1939. Not one to remain silent in the face of criticism from "natives," especially one as "conceited" as Ngcebetsha, the Rev. Percy Ibbotson, whose report on joint drinking had been so warmly received by the men of the African petty bourgeoisie, also attacked him. See Bantu Mirror, 17 June 1939, 29 July 1939.
-
(1939)
Bantu Mirror
-
-
-
92
-
-
0040956201
-
-
1 July
-
Bantu Mirror, 1 July 1939.
-
(1939)
Bantu Mirror
-
-
-
94
-
-
33748438480
-
The political economy of tribal animosity: A case study of the 1929 Bulawayo location 'faction fight'
-
Ian Phimister and Charles van Onselen, "The Political Economy of Tribal Animosity: A Case Study of the 1929 Bulawayo Location 'Faction Fight,'" Journal of Southern African Studies 6, 1 (1979): 1-43.
-
(1979)
Journal of Southern African Studies
, vol.6
, Issue.1
, pp. 1-43
-
-
Phimister, I.1
Van Onselen, C.2
-
96
-
-
0040362040
-
-
New York
-
Though much talked about during this period, no compelling evidence was ever presented to show that drinking among Africans had increased markedly. The exponents of this view simply pointed out that beerhall receipts had gone up, ignoring the fact that the urban population also increased during the war. In fact, the white settlers consumed far stronger drink than Africans, not least because of their much greater purchasing power and legal access to the full range of liquor available. By contrast, the beer sold at the beerhall had an alcoholic content of between three and four percent. The British colonial elite, both settlers and officials, generally had a reputation as hard drinkers. See Ronald Hyam, Britain's Imperial Century, 1815-1914: A Study of Empire and Expansion, 2nd. ed. (New York, 1993), pp. 290-91.
-
(1993)
Britain's Imperial Century, 1815-1914: A Study of Empire and Expansion, 2nd. Ed.
, pp. 290-291
-
-
Hyam, R.1
-
97
-
-
0039769912
-
-
21 February
-
Bantu Mirror, 21 February 1942.
-
(1942)
Bantu Mirror
-
-
-
98
-
-
0039177419
-
-
28 March 1942, 11 December
-
Bantu Mirror, 28 March 1942, 11 December 1943.
-
(1943)
Bantu Mirror
-
-
-
99
-
-
0039769912
-
-
28 March
-
Bantu Mirror, 28 March 1942.
-
(1942)
Bantu Mirror
-
-
-
100
-
-
0040956195
-
-
Part VIII of Census of the Population of Southern Rhodesia
-
Natives in Employment (Part VIII of Census of the Population of Southern Rhodesia, 1941), p. 3; Census of the Population of Southern Rhodesia, 1946, p. 324.
-
(1941)
Natives in Employment
, pp. 3
-
-
-
101
-
-
0039177431
-
-
Natives in Employment (Part VIII of Census of the Population of Southern Rhodesia, 1941), p. 3; Census of the Population of Southern Rhodesia, 1946, p. 324.
-
(1946)
Census of the Population of Southern Rhodesia
, pp. 324
-
-
-
102
-
-
0040956199
-
-
Unlike the white, Asian and colored groups, no general census of Africans was undertaken before the
-
Unlike the white, Asian and colored groups, no general census of Africans was undertaken before the 1950s.
-
(1950)
-
-
-
106
-
-
0039769902
-
-
On the impact of the war on Southern Rhodesia, see Phimister, An Economic and Social History, pp. 219-95; Vickery, "Revival of Forced Labor"; Bessant, "Coercive Development"; Johnson, "Settler Farmers and Coerced African Labour." See also David Killingray and Richard Rathbone (eds.), Africa and the Second World War (London, 1986).
-
An Economic and Social History
, pp. 219-295
-
-
Phimister1
-
107
-
-
0040956187
-
-
On the impact of the war on Southern Rhodesia, see Phimister, An Economic and Social History, pp. 219-95; Vickery, "Revival of Forced Labor"; Bessant, "Coercive Development"; Johnson, "Settler Farmers and Coerced African Labour." See also David Killingray and Richard Rathbone (eds.), Africa and the Second World War (London, 1986).
-
Revival of Forced Labor
-
-
Vickery1
-
108
-
-
0039769903
-
-
On the impact of the war on Southern Rhodesia, see Phimister, An Economic and Social History, pp. 219-95; Vickery, "Revival of Forced Labor"; Bessant, "Coercive Development"; Johnson, "Settler Farmers and Coerced African Labour." See also David Killingray and Richard Rathbone (eds.), Africa and the Second World War (London, 1986).
-
Coercive Development
-
-
Bessant1
-
109
-
-
0039177421
-
-
On the impact of the war on Southern Rhodesia, see Phimister, An Economic and Social History, pp. 219-95; Vickery, "Revival of Forced Labor"; Bessant, "Coercive Development"; Johnson, "Settler Farmers and Coerced African Labour." See also David Killingray and Richard Rathbone (eds.), Africa and the Second World War (London, 1986).
-
Settler Farmers and Coerced African Labour
-
-
Johnson1
-
110
-
-
0003483426
-
-
London
-
On the impact of the war on Southern Rhodesia, see Phimister, An Economic and Social History, pp. 219-95; Vickery, "Revival of Forced Labor"; Bessant, "Coercive Development"; Johnson, "Settler Farmers and Coerced African Labour." See also David Killingray and Richard Rathbone (eds.), Africa and the Second World War (London, 1986).
-
(1986)
Africa and the Second World War
-
-
Killingray, D.1
Rathbone, R.2
-
112
-
-
0039177419
-
-
11 December
-
Bantu Mirror, 11 December 1943.
-
(1943)
Bantu Mirror
-
-
-
116
-
-
0039769902
-
-
Phimister, An Economic and Social History; Ranger, Are We Not Also Men?; Barnes, "'So That a Labourer Could Live with his Family'"; Ngwabi Bhebe, Benjamin Burombo: African Politics in Zimbabwe, 1947-1958 (Harare, 1989).
-
An Economic and Social History
-
-
Phimister1
-
117
-
-
0003559903
-
-
Phimister, An Economic and Social History; Ranger, Are We Not Also Men?; Barnes, "'So That a Labourer Could Live with his Family'"; Ngwabi Bhebe, Benjamin Burombo: African Politics in Zimbabwe, 1947-1958 (Harare, 1989).
-
Are We Not Also Men?
-
-
Ranger1
-
118
-
-
0040362014
-
-
Phimister, An Economic and Social History; Ranger, Are We Not Also Men?; Barnes, "'So That a Labourer Could Live with his Family'"; Ngwabi Bhebe, Benjamin Burombo: African Politics in Zimbabwe, 1947-1958 (Harare, 1989).
-
So That a Labourer Could Live with His Family
-
-
Barnes1
-
121
-
-
0004075319
-
-
"The wives of elite men" is preferable to "elite women" because, as a number of scholars have noted, the class position of women in Southern Rhodesia did not necessarily mirror that of their husbands. See Schmidt, Peasants, Traders and Wives; Barnes, "Control of African Women's Mobility"; Moss, "Holding Body and Soul Together."
-
Peasants, Traders and Wives
-
-
Schmidt1
-
122
-
-
0040362096
-
-
"The wives of elite men" is preferable to "elite women" because, as a number of scholars have noted, the class position of women in Southern Rhodesia did not necessarily mirror that of their husbands. See Schmidt, Peasants, Traders and Wives; Barnes, "Control of African Women's Mobility"; Moss, "Holding Body and Soul Together."
-
Control of African Women's Mobility
-
-
Barnes1
-
123
-
-
0040956247
-
-
"The wives of elite men" is preferable to "elite women" because, as a number of scholars have noted, the class position of women in Southern Rhodesia did not necessarily mirror that of their husbands. See Schmidt, Peasants, Traders and Wives; Barnes, "Control of African Women's Mobility"; Moss, "Holding Body and Soul Together."
-
Holding Body and Soul Together
-
-
Moss1
-
124
-
-
0040362027
-
-
note
-
However, many of the new "suburbanites," unable to make ends meet, were forced to take in individual male lodgers. These men were often accused of various transgressions, including making sexual advances to their putative landladies.
-
-
-
-
125
-
-
0039177418
-
-
27 September 1958, 30 May
-
Bantu Mirror, 27 September 1958, 30 May 1959.
-
(1959)
Bantu Mirror
-
-
-
126
-
-
0028700836
-
Nationalism, race and gender: The politics of family planning in Zimbabwe, 1957-1990
-
Michael O. West, "Nationalism, Race and Gender: The Politics of Family Planning in Zimbabwe, 1957-1990," Social History of Medicine 7, 3 (1994): 447-471.
-
(1994)
Social History of Medicine
, vol.7
, Issue.3
, pp. 447-471
-
-
West, M.O.1
-
127
-
-
0039177410
-
-
Evanston
-
See, for example, T. O. Ranger, The African Voice in Southern Rhodesia, 1898-1930 (Evanston, 1970); Larry W. Bowman, Politics in Rhodesia: White Power in an African State (Cambridge, MA, 1973); Eshmael Mlambo, Rhodesia: The Struggle for a Birthright (Maryknoll, NY, 1974); David Martin and Phyllis Johnson, The Struggle for Zimbabwe: The Chimurenga War (New York, 1981); Bhebe, Benjamin Burombo. But also see Ranger, Are We Not Also Men? (esp. pp. 32-62), which moves in the direction of such a reassessment.
-
(1970)
The African Voice in Southern Rhodesia, 1898-1930
-
-
Ranger, T.O.1
-
128
-
-
34248164608
-
-
Cambridge, MA
-
See, for example, T. O. Ranger, The African Voice in Southern Rhodesia, 1898-1930 (Evanston, 1970); Larry W. Bowman, Politics in Rhodesia: White Power in an African State (Cambridge, MA, 1973); Eshmael Mlambo, Rhodesia: The Struggle for a Birthright (Maryknoll, NY, 1974); David Martin and Phyllis Johnson, The Struggle for Zimbabwe: The Chimurenga War (New York, 1981); Bhebe, Benjamin Burombo. But also see Ranger, Are We Not Also Men? (esp. pp. 32-62), which moves in the direction of such a reassessment.
-
(1973)
Politics in Rhodesia: White Power in An African State
-
-
Bowman, L.W.1
-
129
-
-
34248161534
-
-
Maryknoll, NY
-
See, for example, T. O. Ranger, The African Voice in Southern Rhodesia, 1898-1930 (Evanston, 1970); Larry W. Bowman, Politics in Rhodesia: White Power in an African State (Cambridge, MA, 1973); Eshmael Mlambo, Rhodesia: The Struggle for a Birthright (Maryknoll, NY, 1974); David Martin and Phyllis Johnson, The Struggle for Zimbabwe: The Chimurenga War (New York, 1981); Bhebe, Benjamin Burombo. But also see Ranger, Are We Not Also Men? (esp. pp. 32-62), which moves in the direction of such a reassessment.
-
(1974)
Rhodesia: The Struggle for a Birthright
-
-
Mlambo, E.1
-
130
-
-
0008779538
-
-
New York
-
See, for example, T. O. Ranger, The African Voice in Southern Rhodesia, 1898-1930 (Evanston, 1970); Larry W. Bowman, Politics in Rhodesia: White Power in an African State (Cambridge, MA, 1973); Eshmael Mlambo, Rhodesia: The Struggle for a Birthright (Maryknoll, NY, 1974); David Martin and Phyllis Johnson, The Struggle for Zimbabwe: The Chimurenga War (New York, 1981); Bhebe, Benjamin Burombo. But also see Ranger, Are We Not Also Men? (esp. pp. 32-62), which moves in the direction of such a reassessment.
-
(1981)
The Struggle for Zimbabwe: The Chimurenga War
-
-
Martin, D.1
Johnson, P.2
-
131
-
-
0040362022
-
-
See, for example, T. O. Ranger, The African Voice in Southern Rhodesia, 1898-1930 (Evanston, 1970); Larry W. Bowman, Politics in Rhodesia: White Power in an African State (Cambridge, MA, 1973); Eshmael Mlambo, Rhodesia: The Struggle for a Birthright (Maryknoll, NY, 1974); David Martin and Phyllis Johnson, The Struggle for Zimbabwe: The Chimurenga War (New York, 1981); Bhebe, Benjamin Burombo. But also see Ranger, Are We Not Also Men? (esp. pp. 32-62), which moves in the direction of such a reassessment.
-
Benjamin Burombo
-
-
Bhebe1
-
132
-
-
0003559903
-
-
which moves in the direction of such a reassessment
-
See, for example, T. O. Ranger, The African Voice in Southern Rhodesia, 1898-1930 (Evanston, 1970); Larry W. Bowman, Politics in Rhodesia: White Power in an African State (Cambridge, MA, 1973); Eshmael Mlambo, Rhodesia: The Struggle for a Birthright (Maryknoll, NY, 1974); David Martin and Phyllis Johnson, The Struggle for Zimbabwe: The Chimurenga War (New York, 1981); Bhebe, Benjamin Burombo. But also see Ranger, Are We Not Also Men? (esp. pp. 32-62), which moves in the direction of such a reassessment.
-
Are We Not Also Men?
, pp. 32-62
-
-
Ranger1
-
133
-
-
84974307273
-
The contradictions of community politics: The African petty bourgeoisie and the new Brighton advisory board, c. 1937-1952
-
A notable exception is Gary Baines, "The Contradictions of Community Politics: The African Petty Bourgeoisie and the New Brighton Advisory Board, c. 1937-1952," Journal of African History 35 (1994): 79-97.
-
(1994)
Journal of African History
, vol.35
, pp. 79-97
-
-
Baines, G.1
-
138
-
-
0040362010
-
-
Records of the SAIRR, AD8431/ab 5.1 (file 2) Mnyanda to Jones, 17 September
-
The University of the Witwatersrand Archives, Historical and Literary Papers, Records of the SAIRR, AD8431/Ab 5.1 (file 2): Mnyanda to Jones, 17 September 1934.
-
(1934)
Historical and Literary Papers
-
-
-
139
-
-
0040956133
-
-
Shamuyarira, Crisis in Rhodesia , pp. 39-44; Raftopoulos, "Nationalism and Labour," pp. 86,89; Michael O. West, "Pan-Africanism, Capitalism and Racial Uplift: The Rhetoric of African Business Formation in Colonial Zimbabwe," African Affairs 92 (1993): 277-79.
-
Crisis in Rhodesia
, pp. 39-44
-
-
Shamuyarira1
-
140
-
-
0040956133
-
-
Shamuyarira, Crisis in Rhodesia , pp. 39-44; Raftopoulos, "Nationalism and Labour," pp. 86,89; Michael O. West, "Pan-Africanism, Capitalism and Racial Uplift: The Rhetoric of African Business Formation in Colonial Zimbabwe," African Affairs 92 (1993): 277-79.
-
Nationalism and Labour
, pp. 86
-
-
Raftopoulos1
-
141
-
-
0040956133
-
Pan-africanism, capitalism and racial uplift: The rhetoric of African business formation in colonial Zimbabwe
-
Shamuyarira, Crisis in Rhodesia , pp. 39-44; Raftopoulos, "Nationalism and Labour," pp. 86,89; Michael O. West, "Pan-Africanism, Capitalism and Racial Uplift: The Rhetoric of African Business Formation in Colonial Zimbabwe," African Affairs 92 (1993): 277-79.
-
(1993)
African Affairs
, vol.92
, pp. 277-279
-
-
West, M.O.1
-
142
-
-
0039769902
-
-
Phimister, An Economic and Social History, pp. 262-75; Bhebe, Benjamin Burombo, pp. 56-72; Ranger, Are We Not Also Men?, pp. 108-119.
-
An Economic and Social History
, pp. 262-275
-
-
Phimister1
-
143
-
-
0040362022
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