Cyber-protest and civil society: the Internet and action repertoires in social movements

Handbook of Internet Crime

Volumn , Issue , 2013, Pages 230-254

  Van Laer, Jeroen ^a   Van Aelst, Peter ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ANTWERP   (Belgium)

^b LEIDEN UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 85145532565     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.4324/9781843929338-14     Document Type: Chapter

References (98)

1. Ayres, Jeffrey M. (1999) ‘From the Streets to the Internet: The Cyber-Diffusion of Contention’, The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 566: 132-43.
2. Ayres, Jeffrey M. (2005) ‘Transnational Activism in the Americas: The Internet and Innovations in the Repertoire of Contention’, in Patrick G. Coy and I. Wallimann (eds), Research in Social Movements, Conflicts and Change. London: JAI Press, 35-61.
3. Bandy, Joe and Smith, Jackie (eds) (2005) Coalitions across Borders: Transnational Protest and the Neoliberal Order. Lanham: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers.
4. Barnes, Samuel and Kaase, Max (1979) Political Action: Mass Participation in Five Western Democracies. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
5. Bédoyan, Isabelle, Van Aelst, Peter and Walgrave, Stefaan (2004) ‘Limitations and Possibilities of Transnational Mobilization: The Case of EU Summit Protesters in Brussels, 2001', Mobilization: An International Journal, 9(1): 39-54.
6. Bennett, W. Lance (2003) ‘Communicating Global Activism. Strenghts and Vulnerabilities of Networked Politics’, Information, Communication and Society, 6(2): 143-68.
7. Bennett, W. Lance, Breunig, Christian and Givens, Terri E. (2008) ‘Communication and Political Mobilization: Digital Media and the Organization of Anti-Iraq War Demonstrations in the U.S.', Political Communication, 25: 269-89.
8. Biddix, J. Patrick and Park, Han Woo (2008) ‘Online Networks of Student Protest: The Case of the Living Wage Campaign’, New Media and Society, 10(6): 871-91.
9. Bimber, Bruce (2000) ‘The Study of Information Technology and Civic Engagement’, Political Communication, 17(4): 329-33.
10. Bonchek, Mark S. (1995) Grassroots in Cyberspace: Recruiting Members on the Internet or do Computer Networks Facilitate Collective Action? A Transaction Cost Approach. Paper presented at the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association, Chicago, IL.
11. Carty, Victoria (2002) ‘Technology and Counter-hegemonic Movements: the Case of Nike Corporation’, Social Movement Studies, 1(2): 129-46.
12. Cere, R. (2003) ‘Digital Counter-Cultures and the Nature of Electronic Social and Political Movements’, in Y. Jewkes (ed.), Dot.cons: Crime, Deviance and Identity on the Internet. Cullompton: Willan Publishing.
13. Clark, John D. (ed.) (2003) Globalizing Civic Engagement. Civil Society and Transnational Action. London: Earthscan Publications Ltd.
14. Clark, John D. and Themudo, Nuno S. (2003) ‘The Age of Protest: Internet-Based “Dot Causes” and the “Anti-Globalization” Movement’, in John D. Clark (ed.), Globalizing Civic Engagement. Civil Society and Transnational Action. London: Earthscan Publications Ltd, 109-26.
15. Cleaver, Harry (1998) ‘The Zapatista effect: The Internet and the Rise of an Alternative Political Fabric’, Journal of International Affairs, 51(2): 621-40.
16. Coleman, Stephen (1999) ‘Can the New Media Invigorate Democracy’, Political Quarterly, 70(1): 16-22.
17. Collom, Ed (2003) Protest Engagement in America: The Influence of Perceptions, Networks, Availability, and Politics. Paper presented at the American Sociological Association, Chicago.
18. Constanza-Chock, Sasha (2003) ‘Mapping the Repertoire of Electronic Contention’, in Andrew Opel and Donnalyn Pompper (eds), Representing Resistance: Media, Civil Disobedience and the Global Justice Movement. London: Praeger.
19. Dalton, Russell J. (1996) Citizen Politics: Public Opinion and Political Parties in Advanced Industrial Democracies. Chatham, N.J.: Chatham House Publishers.
20. Dalton, Russell J. (2008) ‘Citizenship Norms and the Expansion of Political Participation’, Political Studies, 56(1): 76-98.
21. Danitz, Tiffany and Strobel, Warren P. (2001) ‘Networking Dissent: Cyber Activists Use the Internet to Promote Democracy in Burma’, in John Arquilla and David Ronfeldt (eds), Networks and Netwars: The Future of Terror, Crime, and Militancy. Santa Monica:RAND Corporation, 129-69.
22. Davis, Richard and Owen, Diana (1998) New Media and American Politics. New York:Oxford University Press.
23. de Armond, Paul (2001) ‘Netwar in the Emerald City: WTO Protest Strategy and Tactics’, in John Arquilla and David Ronfeldt (eds), Networks and Netwars: The Future of Terror, Crime, and Militancy. Santa Monica: RAND Corporation, 201-35.
24. della Porta, Donatella, Kriesi, Hanspeter and Rucht, Dieter (eds) (1999) Sociale Movements in a Globalizing World. London: Macmillan.
25. della Porta, Donatella and Mosca, Lorenzo (2005) ‘Global-net for Global Movements? A Network of Networks for a Movement of Movements’, Journal of Public Policy, 25(1): 165-90.
26. della Porta, Donatella and Tarrow, Sidney (eds) (2005) Transnational Protest and Global Activism. Boulder: Rowman and Littlefield.
27. Denning, Dorothy E. (2001) ‘Activism, Hacktivism, and Cyberterrorism: The Internet as a Tool for Influencing Foreign Policy’, in John Arquilla and David Ronfeldt (eds), Networks and Netwars: The Future of Terror, Crime, and Militancy. Santa Monica:RAND Corporation, 239-88.
28. Diani, Mario (1992) ‘The Concept of Social Movement’, Sociological Review, 40(1):1-25.
29. Diani, Mario (2000) ‘Social Movement Networks. Virtual and Real’, Information, Communication and Society, 3(3): 386-401.
30. Eagleton-Pierce, Matthew (2001) ‘The Internet and the Seattle WTO Protests’, Peace Review, 13(3): 331-37.
31. Earl, Jennifer (2006) ‘Pursuing Social Change Online: The Use of Four Protest Tactics on the Internet’, Social Science Computer Review, 24(3): 362-77.
32. Earl, Jennifer and Schussman, Alan (2003) ‘The New Site of Activism: On-line Organizations, Movement Entrepreneurs, and the Changing Location of Social Movement Decision-Making’, in Patrick G. Coy (ed.), Consensus Decision Making, Northern Ireland and Indigenous Movements. London: JAI Press, 155-87.
33. Ennis, James G. (1987) ‘Fields of Action: Structure in Movements’ Tactical Repertoires’, Sociological Forum, 2(3): 520-33.
34. Fisher, Dana R., Stanley, Kevin, Berman, David and Neff, Gina (2005) ‘How Do Organizations Matter? Mobilization and Support for Participants at Five Globalization Protests’, Social Problems, 52(1): 102-21.
35. Garrett, R. Kelly (2006) ‘Protest in an Information Society. A Review of the Literature on Social Movements and New ICTs’, Information, Communication and Society, 9(2):202-24.
36. George, Susan (2000) ‘Seattle Turning Point: Fixing or Nixing the WTO’, Le Monde Diplomatique, January.
37. Gerhards, Jürgen and Rucht, Dieter (1992) ‘Mesomobilization: Organizing and Framing in Two Protest Campaigns in West Germany’, American Journal of Sociology, 98(3):555-96.
38. Gurak, Laura J. and Logie, John (2003) ‘Internet Protest, from Text to Web’, in Martha McCaughey and Michael D. Ayers (eds), Cyberactivism. Online Activism in Theory and Practice. New York, London: Routledge, 25-46.
39. Hill, Kevin A. and Hughes, John E. (1998) Cyberpolitics: Citizen Activism in the Age of the Internet. Maryland: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers.
40. Jasper, James M. (1997) The Art of Moral Protest: Culture, Biography, and Creativity in Social Movements. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
41. Juris, Jeffrey S. (2005) ‘The New Digital Media and Activist Networking within Anti-Corporate Globalization Movements’, Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 597: 189-208.
42. Juris, Jeffrey S. (2008) Networking Futures: The Movements against Corporate Globalization. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
43. Kavada, Anastasia (2006) The ‘alter-globalization movement’ and the Internet: A case study of communication networks and collective action. Paper presented at the Cortona Colloquium 2006 - Cultural Conflicts, Social Movements and New Rights: A European Challenge, 20-22 October 2006, Cortona, Italy.
44. Kavanaugh, Andrea, Reese, Debbie Denise, Carroll, John M. and Rosson, Mary Beth (2005) ‘Weak Ties in Networked Communities’, Information Society, 21(2): 119-31.
45. Kidd, Dorothy (2003) ‘Indymedia.org: A New Communication Commons’, in Martha McCaughey and Michael D. Ayers (eds), Cyberactivism:Online Activism in Theory and Practice. New York and London: Routledge, 47-70.
46. Klandermans, Bert (1997) The Social Psychology of Protest. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.
47. Klein, Naomi (2001) ‘Reclaiming the Commons’, New Left Review, 9: 81-90.
48. Klein, Naomi (2002) No Logo: No Space, No Choice, No Jobs. New York: Picador.
49. Krier, Jean-Marie (2008) Fair Trade 2007: New Facts and Figures from an Ongoing Success Story. Culemborg, Netherlands: DAWS - Dutch Association of Worldshops.
50. Lichbach, Mark Irving and de Vries, Helma G.E. (2004) ‘Global Justice and Antiwar Movements: From Local Resistance to Globalized Protests’, unpublished manuscript. Department of Government and Politics, University of Maryland.
51. McAdam, Doug (1986) ‘Recruitment to High-Risk Activism: The Case of Freedom Summer’, American Journal of Sociology, 92(1): 64-90.
52. McAdam, Doug, Tarrow, Charles and Tilly, Charles (eds) (2001) Dynamics of Contention. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
53. McCaughey, Martha and Ayers, Michael D. (eds) (2003) Cyberactivism. Online Activism in Theory and Practice. New York and London: Routledge.
54. McPhail, Clark and McCarthy, John D. (2005) ‘Protest Mobilization, Protest Repression and Their Interaction’, in Christian Davenport, Hank Johnston and Carol Mueller (eds), Repression and Mobilization. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press, 3-32.
55. Margolis, Michael and Resnick, David (2000) Politics as Usual: The Cyberspace ‘Revolution’. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
56. Marsh, Alan (1977) Protest and Political Conciousness. Beverly Hills and London: Sage Publications.
57. Martinez-Torres, Maria Elena (2001) ‘Civil Society, the Internet, and the Zapatistas’, Peace Review, 13(3): 347-55.
58. Meikle, Graham (2002) Future Active: Media Activism and the Internet. New York and London: Routledge.
59. Meyer, David S. and Tarrow, Sidney (eds) (1998) The Social Movement Society: Contentious Politics for a New Century. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield.
60. Naughton, John (2001) ‘Contested Space: The Internet and Global Civil Society’ in Helmut Anheier, Marlies Glasius and Mary Kaldor (eds), Global Civil Society 2001. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 147-68.
61. Norris, Pippa (2001) Digital Divide. Civic Engagement, Information Poverty, and the Internet Worldwide. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
62. Norris, Pippa, Walgrave, Stefaan and Van Aelst, Peter (2005) ‘Who Demonstrates? Antistate Rebels, Conventional Participants, or Everyone?', Comparative Politics, 37(2): 189-205.
63. Olesen, T. (2004) ‘The Transnational Zapatista Solidarity Network: an Infrastructure Analysis’, Global Networks - a Journal of Transnational Affairs, 4(1): 89-107.
64. O’Neill, Kelly (1999) Internetworking for Social Change: Keeping the Spotlight on Corporate Responsibility. Discussion Paper No 111. Geneva: United Nations Research Institute for Social Development.
65. Peretti, Jonah (2006) Culture Jamming, Memes, Social Networks, and the Emerging Media Ecology, retrieved online 18 December 2006, http://depts.washington.edu/ccce/polcommcampaigns/peretti.html.
66. Pickard, Victor W. (2008) ‘Cooptation and Cooperation: Institutional Exemplars of Democratic Internet Technology’, New Media and Society, 10(4): 625-45.
67. Postmes, Tom and Brunsting, Suzanne (2002) ‘Collective Action in the Age of the Internet. Mass Communication and Online Mobilization’, Social Science Computer Review, 20(3): 290-301.
68. Rheingold, Howard (1993) The Virtual Community: Homesteading on the Electronic Frontier. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
69. Rolfe, Brett (2005) ‘Building an Electronic Repertoire of Contention’, Social Movement Studies, 4(1): 65-74.
70. Ronfeldt, David and Arquilla, John (1998) ‘Emergence and Influence of the Zapatista Social Netwar’, in John Arquilla and David Ronfeldt (eds), Networks and Netwars:The Future of Terror, Crime, and Militancy. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 171-99.
71. Rosenkrands, Jacob (2004) ‘Politicizing Homo Economicus: Analysis of Anti-Corporate Websites’, in Wim van de Donk, Brian D. Loader, Paul G. Nixon and Dieter Rucht (eds), Cyberprotest. New Media, Citizens and Social Movements. London: Routledge, 57-76.
72. Scheufele, Dietram A. and Nisbet, Matthew C. (2002) ‘Being a Citizen Online: New Opportunities and Dead Ends’, Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics, 7(3):55-75.
73. Schönleitner, Günther (2003) ‘World Social Forum: Making Another World Possible?', in John D. Clark (ed.), Globalizing Civic Engagement. Civil Society and Transnational Action. London: Earthscan Publications Ltd, 127-49.
74. Schulz, M.S. (1998) ‘Collective Action across Borders: Opportunity Structures, Network Capacities, and Communicative Praxis in the Age of Advanced Globalization’, Sociological Perspectives, 41(3): 587-616.
75. Smith, Jackie (2001) ‘Globalizing Resistance: The Battle of Seattle and the Future of Social Movements’, Mobilization: An International Journal, 6(1): 1-19.
76. Smith, Jackie, Chatfield, Charles and Pagnucco, Ron (eds) (1997) Transnational Social Movements and Global Politics: Solidarity Beyond the State. New York: Syracuse University Press.
77. Stolle, Dietlind and Micheletti, Michele (2005) The Expansion of Political Action Repertoires: Theoretical Reflections on Results from the Nike Email Exchange Internet Campaign. Paper presented at the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association, September 1-4, Washington, DC.
78. Tarrow, Sidney (1998) Power in Movement: Social Movements and Contentious Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
79. Taylor, Verta and Van Dyke, Nella (2004) ' “Get up, Stand up”: Tactical Repertoires of Social Movements’, in David A. Snow, Sarah A. Soule and Hanspeter Kriesi (eds), The Blackwell Companion to Social Movements. Malden, Mass.: Blackwell Publishing, 262-92.
80. Tilly, Charles (1977) ‘Getting it Together in Burgundy, 1675-1975', Theory and Society, 4(4): 479-504.
81. Tilly, Charles (1984) ‘Social Movements and National Politics’, in Charles Bright and Susan Harding (eds), Statemaking and Social Movements: Essays in History and Theory. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 297-317.
82. Tilly, Charles (2004a) Social Movements, 1768-2004. Boulder, CO: Paradigm Publishers.
83. Tilly, Charles (2004b) ‘Trust and Rule’, Theory and Society, 33(1): 1-30.
84. Van Aelst, Peter and Walgrave, Stefaan (2001) ‘Who Is that (Wo)man in the Street? From the Normalisation of Protest to the Normalisation of the Protester’, European Journal of Political Research, 39(4): 461-86.
85. Van Aelst, Peter and Walgrave, Stefaan (2004) ‘New Media, New Movements? The Role of the Internet in Shaping the “Anti-globalization” Movement’, in Wim van de Donk, Brian D. Loader, Paul G. Nixon and Dieter Rucht (eds), Cyberprotest. New Media, Citizens and Social Movements. London: Routledge, 97-122.
86. van de Donk, Wim, Loader, Brian D., Nixon, Paul G. and Rucht, Dieter (2004a) ‘Introduction: Social Movements and ICTs’, in Wim van de Donk, Brian D. Loader, Paul G. Nixon and Dieter Rucht (eds), Cyberprotest. New Media, Citizens and Social Movements. London: Routledge, 1-26.
87. van de Donk, Wim, Loader, Brian D., Nixon, Paul G. and Rucht, Dieter (eds) (2004b) Cyberprotest. New Media, Citizens and Social Movements. London: Routledge.
88. Van Laer, Jeroen (2007a) ‘Internet Use and Protest Participation: How do ICTs affect mobilization?', PSW Papers, 1: 1-24.
89. 2P).
90. Van Laer, Jeroen (2009) ‘Internationale Coördinatie van Wereldwijd Protest en de Impact van Veranderende Communicatietechnologieën’, Brood and Rozen, 2.
91. Vasi, Ion Bogdan (2006) ‘The New Anti-war Protests and Miscible Mobilizations’, Social Movement Studies, 5(2): 137-53.
92. Vegh, Sandor (2003) ‘Classifying Forms of Online Activism: The Case of Cyberprotests against the World Bank’, in Martha McCaughey and Michael D. Ayers (eds), Cyberactivism. Online Activism in Theory and Practice. New York and London:Routledge, 71-95.
93. Verhulst, Joris (2009) ‘February 15, 2003: The World Says No to War’, in Stefaan Walgrave and Dieter Rucht (eds), Protest Politics. Demonstrations against the War on Iraq in the US and Western Europe. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
94. Verhulst, Joris and Van Laer, Jeroen (2008) Determinants of Sustained Activism Across Movement Issues. Paper presented at the 2nd ECPR Graduate Conference, 25-27 August 2008, Barcelona.
95. 2P).
96. 2P).
97. Walgrave, Stefaan and Verhulst, Joris (2003) The February 15 Worldwide Protests against a War in Iraq: An Empirical Test of Transnational Opportunities. Outline of a Research Programme. Paper presented at the International Workshop on Contemporary Anti-War Mobilizations, 6-7 November 2003, Corfu, Greece.
98. Wellman, Barry (2002) ‘Little Boxes, Glocalization, and Networked Individualism’, in Makoto Tanabe, Peter van den Besselaar and Toru Ishida (eds), Digital Cities II:Computational and Sociological Approaches. Berlin: Springer, 10-25.