Statement on the safety of β-carotene use in heavy smokers

EFSA Journal

Volumn 10, Issue 12, 2012, Pages

[No Author Info available]

Author keywords

heavy smokers; Safety; carotene

Indexed keywords

EID: 85078376847     PISSN: None     EISSN: 18314732     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2953     Document Type: Article

References (11)

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2. Druesne-Pecollo N, Latino-Martel P, Norat T, Barrandon E, Bertrais S, Galan P and Hercberg S, 2010. B-carotene supplementation and cancer risk: a systematic review and metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials. International Journal of Cancer 127, 172–184.
3. EFSA (European Food Safety Authority), 2012. Scientific Opinion on the re-evaluation of mixed carotenes (E 160a (i)) and β-carotene (E 160a (ii)) as a food additive. The EFSA Journal, 10: 2593.
4. JECFA, 1975. WHO/FAO Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives. Toxicological evaluation of some food colours, enzymes, flavour enhancers, thickening agents and certain food additives. WHO Food additives series, 6.
5. Mayne ST, 1996. B-carotene, carotenoids, and disease prevention in humans. FASEB J. 10, 690–701.
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7. Omenn GS, Goodman GE, Thornquist M, Balmes J, Cullen MR, Glass A, Keogh JP, Meyskens FL, Valanis B, Williams JH, Barnhart S and Hammar S, 1996a. Effects of a combination of β-carotene and vitamin A on lung cancer incidence, total mortality, and cardiovascular mortality in smokers and asbestos-exposed workers. The New England Journal of Medicine 334, 1150–1155.
8. Omenn GS, Goodman GE, Thornquist MD, Balmes J, Cullen MR, Glass A, Keogh JP, Meyskens FL, Valanis B, Williams JH, Barnhart S, Cherniack MG, Brodkint CA and Hammar S, 1996b. Risk factors for lung cancer and for intervention effects in CARET, the β-carotene and retinol efficiency trial. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 88, 1550–1559.
9. SCF, 2000a. Opinion of the Scientific Committee on Food on β-carotene from Blakeslea trispora – Correction. (Adopted on 22 June 2000, and corrected on 7 September 2000) SCF/CS/ADD/COL 158 Final – correction.
10. SCF, 2000b. Reports of the Scientific Committee for Food. Opinion on the safety of use of β-carotene from all dietary sources. Report no. SCF/CS/ADD/COL/159 Final. Opinion adopted by the SCF on 7 September 2000. ec.europa.eu/food/fs/sc/scf/out71_en.pdf
11. Ziegler RG, Mayne ST and Svanson CA, 1996. Nutrition and lung cancer. Cancer causes and control 7(1) 157–177.