Damage to churches in the 2016 central Italy earthquakes

Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering

Volumn 17, Issue 10, 2019, Pages 5763-5790

  Penna, Andrea ^a,b   Calderini, Chiara ^c   Sorrentino, Luigi ^d   Carocci, Caterina F ^e   Cescatti, Elvis ^f   Sisti, Romina ^g   Borri, Antonio ^g   Modena, Claudio ^f   Prota, Andrea ^h  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PAVIA   (Italy)

^b EUROPEAN CENTRE FOR TRAINING AND RESEARCH IN EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING   (Italy)

^c UNIVERSITY OF GENOA   (Italy)

^d SAPIENZA UNIVERSITY OF ROME   (Italy)

^e UNIVERSITY OF CATANIA   (Italy)

^f UNIVERSITY OF PADOVA   (Italy)

^g UNIVERSITY OF PERUGIA   (Italy)

^h UNIVERSITY OF NAPLES FEDERICO II   (Italy)

Author keywords

Churches; Heritage structures; Masonry; Post earthquake survey; Provisional interventions; Seismic vulnerability

Indexed keywords

MASONRY MATERIALS; RELIGIOUS BUILDINGS; SURVEYS;

DAMAGE PROGRESSION; EARTHQUAKE SEQUENCES; HERITAGE STRUCTURES; MASONRY; PROVISIONAL INTERVENTIONS; SEISMIC VULNERABILITY; STATE OF THE ART; UNREINFORCED MASONRY STRUCTURES;

EARTHQUAKES;

EARTHQUAKE DAMAGE; EARTHQUAKE EVENT; MASONRY; SPATIOTEMPORAL ANALYSIS; SURVEY METHOD; VULNERABILITY;

ITALY;

EID: 85061637142     PISSN: 1570761X     EISSN: 15731456     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10518-019-00594-4     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. Angeletti P, Ferrini M, Lagomarsino S (1997) Survey and evaluation of the seismic vulnerability of the churches: an application in Lunigiana and Garfagnana (in Italian). In: Proceedings of the 8th Italian conference on earthquake engineering, Palermo, vol 2, pp 1077–1084 (in Italian)
2. Azzaro R, Tertulliani A, Bernardini F, Camassi R, Del Mese S, Ercolani E, Graziani L, Locati M, Maramai A, Pessina V, Rossi A, Rovida A, Albini P, Arcoraci L, Berardi M, Bignami C, Brizuela B, Castellano C, Castelli V, D’Amico S, D’Amico V, Fodarella A, Leschiutta I, Piscini A, Sbarra M (2016) The 24 August 2016 Amatrice earthquake: macroseismic survey in the damage area and EMS intensity assessment. Ann Geophys-Italy 59:1–10
3. Bellizzi M, Colozza R, Dolce M (2001) Le opere provvisionali nell’emergenza sismica. In: Proceedings of the 10th Italian conference on earthquake engineering, Potenza-Matera, Italy
4. Bernardini A, Gori R, Modena C, Valluzzi MR, Benincà G, Barbetta E, Munari M (2009) Vulnus Vb 4.0: Procedura automatica per analisi di vulnerabilità sismica di edifici in muratura
5. Binda L, Cardani G, Modena C, Valluzzi MR, Marchetti L (2004) Indagine sulla consistenza dell’edilizia storica, sul danno pregresso e sull’efficacia degli interventi svolta su quattro centri campione in Umbria. In: Proceeding of the 11th Italian conference on earthquake engineering, Genoa, Italy
6. Binda L, Cardani G, Saisi A, Valluzzi MR (2006) Vulnerability analysis of the historical buildings in seismic area by a multilevel approach. Asian J Civ Eng (Build Hous) 7(4):343–357
7. Binda L, Cardani G, Saisi A, Valluzzi MR, Munari M, Modena C (2007) Multilevel approach to the vulnerability analysis of historic buildings in seismic areas. Part 1: detection of parameters for the vulnerability analysis through on site and laboratory investigations. Int J Restor Build Monum 13(6):413–426
8. Borri A, Castori G, Corradi M, Sisti R (2014) Masonry wall panels with GFRP and steel-cord strengthening subjected to cyclic shear: an experimental study. Constr Build Mater 56:63–73
9. Calderini C, Lagomarsino S, Podestà S, Lemme A (2004) La messa in sicurezza degli edifici monumentali. In: Proceedings of the 11th Italian conference on earthquake engineering, Genoa, Italy
10. Cardani G (2003) La vulnerabilità sismica dei centri storici: il caso di Campi Alto di Norcia. Linee guida per la diagnosi finalizzata alla scelta delle tecniche di intervento per la prevenzione dei danni. Ph.D. dissertation, Politecnico di Milano. http://opac.biblio.polimi.it/sebina/repository/link/oggetti_digitali/fullfiles/PERL-TDDE/TESI_2004-039.PDF. Accessed May 2018
11. Carocci C, Tocci C (2015) Learning from the Past. Antiseismic techniques in the L’Aquila post 1703 reconstruction, In: Bowen B, Friedman D, Leslie T, Ochsendorf J (eds) Proceedings of the 5th international congress on construction history, Chicago, USA, vol 1, pp 375–382
12. Casolo S (2001) Significant ground motion parameters for evaluation of the seismic performance of slender masonry towers. J Earthq Eng 5:187–204
13. Comino C, Iambrenghi F (2013)) Seicento Inedito, L’Ultima età dell’oro della Città di Norcia. Nerbini Editore, Florence
14. Curti E, Podestà S, Resemini S (2008) The post-earthquake reconstruction process of monumental masonry buildings: suggestions from the Molise event (Italy). Int J Archit Herit 2(2):120–154
15. D’Ayala D (1999) Correlation of seismic damage between classes of buildings: churches and houses. In: Seismic damage to masonry buildings—Proceedings of international workshop on measures of seismic damage to masonry buildings, pp 41–58
16. da Porto F, Silva B, Costa C, Modena C (2012) Macro-scale analysis of damage to churches after earthquake in Abruzzo (Italy) on April 6, 2009. J Earthq Eng 16(6):739–758
17. De Matteis G, Criber E, Brando G (2016) Damage probability matrices for three-nave masonry churches in Abruzzi After the 2009 L’Aquila earthquake. Int J Archit Herit 10(2–3):120–145
18. Debs M (2013) The suffering of symbols: Giotto frescoes and the cultural trauma of objects. Cult Sociol 7(4):479–494
19. Doglioni F, Moretti A, Petrini V (eds) (1994) Le chiese e il terremoto. Dalla vulnerabilità constatata nel terremoto del Friuli al miglioramento antisismico nel restauro. Verso una politica di prevenzione, National Research Council, Gruppo Nazionale per la Difesa dai Terremoti, Lint Editoriale
20. Dolce M, Liberatore D, Moroni C, Perillo G, Spera G, Cacosso A (2002) OPUS: Manuale delle Opere Provvisionali Urgenti Post-Sisma. http://postterremoto.altervista.org/index.php. Accessed May 2018
21. DPC (2001) Survey form of the cultural heritage—damage of the churches (in Italian), Department of Civil Protection, G.U. no. 116, 21 May 2001
22. Giaretton M, Valluzzi MR, Mazzon B, Modena C (2017) Out-of-plane shake-table tests of strengthened multi-leaf stone masonry walls. Bull Earthq Eng 15(10):4299–4317. 10.1007/s10518-017-0125-7
23. Giuffrè A (1989) Philological restoration of historical monuments: the Cathedral of Sant’Angelo dei Lombardi in Irpinia. In: Structural conservation of stone masonry. Intl Tech Conf, Athens, Greece, pp 567–579
24. Giuffrè A (1991) Letture sulla meccanica delle murature storiche. Edizioni Kappa, Rome
25. Giuriani E, Marini A (2008a) Experiences from the Northern Italy 2004 earthquake: vulnerability assessment and strengthening of historic churches. In: Proceedings of the 6th international conference on structural analysis of historical constructions SAHC 2008, Bath, UK
26. Giuriani E, Marini A (2008b) Wooden roof box structure for the anti-seismic strengthening of historic buildings. Int J Archit Herit 2:226–246
27. Guccione M (ed) (1997) Oltre il terremoto, primo repertorio di monumenti danneggiati dal sisma, Umbria 1997. Gangemi, Rome
28. Guerreiro L, Azevedo J, Proenca J, Bento R, Lopes M (2000) Damage in ancient churches during the 9th of July 1998 Azores earthquake. In: Proceedings of the 12th WCEE, Auckland, New Zealand, paper no. 780
29. Housner GW (1952) Spectrum intensities of strong motion earthquakes. In: Proceedings of symposium of earthquake and blast effects on structures, EERI, Los Angeles, California, pp 21–36
30. Lagomarsino S (2009) Vulnerabilità e risposta sismica delle chiese aquilane. Interpretazione del danno e considerazioni sul miglioramento strutturale, Arkos Nuova Serie, n. 20
31. Lagomarsino S (2012) Damage assessment of churches after L’Aquila earthquake (2009). Bull Earthq Eng 10(1):73–92
32. Lagomarsino S, Podestà S (2004a) Seismic vulnerability of ancient churches. Part 1: damage assessment and emergency planning. Earthq Spectra 20:377–394
33. Lagomarsino S, Podestà S (2004b) Seismic vulnerability of ancient churches. Part 2: statistical analysis of surveyed data and methods for risk analysis. Earthq Spectra 20:395–412
34. Lagomarsino S, Podestà S (2004c) Damage and vulnerability assessment of churches after the 2002 Molise, Italy, earthquake. Earthq Spectra 20(S1):S271–S283
35. Marchetti L (2002) Vulnerabilità dei Centri Storici e dei Beni Culturali, Gruppo nazionale per la difesa dei terremoti. ftp://ftp.ingv.it/pro/gndt/Att_scient/Pe2001_RelAnn/Marchetti/PE2001_RelAnn_Marchetti_ita.pdf. Accessed May 2018
36. Marotta A, Sorrentino L, Liberatore D, Ingham JM (2017) Vulnerability assessment of unreinforced masonry churches following the 2010–2011 Canterbury (New Zealand) earthquake sequence. J Earthq Eng 21(6):912–934
37. Marotta A, Sorrentino L, Liberatore D, Ingham JM (2018) Seismic risk assessment of New Zealand unreinforced masonry churches using statistical procedures. Int J Archit Herit 12(3):448–464
38. Mazzocchi M, Montini A (2001) Earthquake effects on tourism in Central Italy. Ann Tour Res 28(4):1031–1046
39. MiBACT (2017) Circolare n.53/2017 DG-ABAP: Linee di indirizzo metodologiche e tecniche per la ricostruzione del patrimonio culturale danneggiato dal sisma del 24 agosto 2016 e seguenti. http://www.beniculturali.it. Accessed May 2018
40. Modena C, Binda L (2009) Protection of the cultural heritage in the post-earthquake emergency. Progett Sismica 1(3):107–115
41. Modena C, Casarin F, da Porto F, Munari M (2010a) L’Aquila 6th April 2009 earthquake: emergency and post-emergency activities on cultural heritage buildings. Geotech Geol Earthq 17:495–521
42. Modena C, Valluzzi MR, Zenere M, Benincà G, Barbetta E, Munari M (2010b) c-Sisma 3.1 vers. PRO, pp 1–66
43. Mollaioli F, AlShawa O, Liberatore L, Liberatore D, Sorrentino L (2018) Seismic demand of the 2016–2017 central Italy earthquakes. Bull Earthq Eng. 10.1007/s10518-018-0449-y
44. Mouyiannou A, Penna A, Rota M, Graziotti F, Magenes G (2014) Implications of cumulated seismic damage on the seismic performance of unreinforced masonry buildings. Bull New Zealand Soc Earthq Eng 47(2):157–170
45. NCP—Nucleus for the Coordination of Provisional interventions (2009) Vademecum STOP: Schede tecniche delle opere provvisionali per la messa in sicurezza post-sisma da parte dei Vigili del Fuoco—Version 2.2
46. PCM-DPC-MiBAC (2006) Modello A-DC Scheda per il rilievo del danno ai beni culturali—Chiese. Presidenza Consiglio dei Ministri–Dipartimento della Protezione Civile–Ministero Beni e Attività Culturali, Approval of forms for the seismic damage assessment of cultural heritage buildings. G.U. no. 55, 7 March 2006. http://www.protezionecivile.gov.it/resources/cms/documents/MOD_ SCHEDA_ DANNO_ CHIESE_2006.pdf
47. Piccarreta M (ed) (2007) Beni culturali in Umbria: dalla emergenza alla ricostruzione 1997–2007. BetaGamma, Viterbo
48. Podestà S, Brignola A, Curti E, Parodi S, Lemme A (2010) Damage assessment and seismic vulnerability of churches: the Abruzzo earthquake. Ing Sismica-Ital 27(1):21–35
49. Pugliano A, Ceradini V (1987) Tecniche premoderne di prevenzione sismica. In: Proceedings of Convegno di studi Bressanone, Conoscenze e sviluppi teorici per la conservazione di sistemi costruttivi tradizionali in muratura, Padua, Italy, pp 329–344
50. Romão X, Costa AA, Paupério E, Rodrigues H, Vicente R, Varum H, Costa A (2013) Field observations and interpretation of the structural performance of constructions after the 11 May 2011 Lorca earthquake. Eng Fail Anal 34:670–692
51. Rosti A, Rota M, Penna A (2018) Damage classification and derivation of damage probability matrices from L’Aquila (2009) post-earthquake survey data. Bull Earthq Eng 16:3687
52. Senaldi IE, Magenes G, Penna A, Galasco A, Rota M (2014) The effect of stiffened floor and roof diaphragms on the experimental seismic response of a full scale unreinforced stone masonry building. J Earthq Eng 18(3):407–433
53. Sisti R, Di Ludovico M, Borri A, Prota A (2018) Damage assessment and the effectiveness of prevention: the response in buildings in Norcia. Bull Earthq Eng. 10.1007/s10518-018-0448-z
54. Sorrentino L, Bruccoleri D, Antonini M (2008) Structural interpretation of post-earthquake (19th century) retrofitting on the Santa Maria degli Angeli Basilica, Assisi, Italy. In: Sixth international conference on structural analysis of historic construction, 2–4 July, Bath, pp 217–225
55. Sorrentino L, Alshawa O, Liberatore D (2014) Observations of out-of-plane rocking in the oratory of san Giuseppe dei Minimi during the 2009 L’Aquila earthquake. Appl Mech Mater 621:101–106
56. Sorrentino L, da Porto F, Magenes G, Penna A (2018) Seismic behaviour of ordinary masonry buildings during the 2016 central Italy earthquakes. Bull Earthq Eng. 10.1007/s10518-018-0370-4
57. Taffarel S, Giaretton M, da Porto F, Modena C (2016) Damage and vulnerability assessment of URM buildings after the 2012 Northern Italy earthquakes. In: Proceedings of 16th Brick and Block Masonry Conference, Padua
58. Taramelli T, Mercalli G (1888) Il terremoto ligure del 23 febbraio 1887. Annali Ufficio Centrale di Meteorologia e di Geodinamica 8:331–626
59. Tertulliani A, Azzaro R (2016) QUEST—Rilievo macrosismico per i terremoti nell’Italia centrale. Aggiornamento dopo le scosse del 26 e 30 ottobre 2016, Roma
60. Valluzzi MR, da Porto F, Modena C (2004) Behavior and modeling of strengthened three-leaf stone masonry walls. Mater Struct 37:184–192
61. Valluzzi MR, Binda L, Modena C (2005) Mechanical behaviour of historic masonry structures strengthened by bed joints structural repointing. Constr Build Mater 19:63–73
62. Valluzzi MR, Munari M, Modena C, Binda L, Cardani G, Saisi A (2007) Multilevel approach to the vulnerability analysis of historic buildings in seismic areas—Part 2: Analytical interpretation of mechanisms for the vulnerability analysis and the structural improvement. Int J Restor Build Monum 13(6):427–441