Electronic cigarette power affects count concentration and particle size distribution of vaping aerosol

PLoS ONE

Volumn 13, Issue 12, 2018, Pages

  Floyd, Evan L ^a,b   Queimado, Lurdes ^b,c   Wang, Jun ^a   Regens, James L ^d   Johnson, David L ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER   (United States)

^b Oklahoma Tobacco Research Center   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CONCENTRATION (PARAMETER); DILUTION; ELECTRIC POTENTIAL; FLOW RATE; LUNG ALVEOLUS; PARTICLE SIZE; RELATIVE DENSITY; SMOKING AND SMOKING RELATED PHENOMENA; THERMODYNAMICS; THERMOGRAPHY; TOBACCO; VAPING AEROSOL; VAPORIZATION; AEROSOL; CHEMISTRY; ELECTRONIC CIGARETTE; HUMAN; VAPING;

NICOTINE;

AEROSOLS; ELECTRONIC NICOTINE DELIVERY SYSTEMS; HUMANS; NICOTINE; PARTICLE SIZE; VAPING;

EID: 85059261390     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210147     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Abrams DB (2014) Promise and peril of e-cigarettes: can disruptive technology make cigarettes obsolete? JAMA 311: 135–136. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2013.285347 PMID: 24399548
2. Administration FaD (2014) Deeming Tobacco Products to be Subject to the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, as Amended by the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act.
3. Wagener TL, Floyd EL, Stepanov I, Driskill LM, Frank SG, Meier E, et al. (2016) Have combustible cigarettes met their match? The nicotine delivery profiles and harmful constituent exposures of second-generation and third-generation electronic cigarette users. Tobacco Control.
4. Schripp T, Markewitz D, Uhde E, Salthammer T (2013) Does e-cigarette consumption cause passive vaping? Indoor Air 23: 25–31. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0668.2012.00792.x PMID: 22672560
5. Zhao T, Shu S, Guo Q, Zhu Y (2016) Effects of design parameters and puff topography on heating coil temperature and mainstream aerosols in electronic cigarettes. Atmospheric Environment 134: 61–69.
6. SmokTech (2017) Q-Box Kit.
7. Laino T, Tuma C, Curioni A, Jochnowitz E, Stolz S (2011) A revisited picture of the mechanism of glycerol dehydration. The Journal of Physical Chemistry A 115: 3592–3595. https://doi.org/10.1021/ jp201078e PMID: 21452849
8. Laino T, Tuma C, Moor P, Martin E, Stolz S, Curioni A (2012) Mechanisms of propylene glycol and tria-cetin pyrolysis. The Journal of Physical Chemistry A 116: 4602–4609. https://doi.org/10.1021/ jp300997d PMID: 22512236
9. Kosmider L, Sobczak A, Fik M, Knysak J, Zaciera M, Kurek J, et al. (2014) Carbonyl Compounds in Electronic Cigarette Vapors—Effects of Nicotine Solvent and Battery Output Voltage. Nicotine & Tobacco Research: ntu078.
10. Uchiyama S, Ohta K, Inaba Y, Kunugita N (2012) Determination of Carbonyl Compounds Generated from the E-cigarette Using Coupled Silica Cartridges Impregnated with Hydroquinone and 2, 4-Dinitro-phenylhydrazine, Followed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. Analytical sciences: the international journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry 29: 1219–1222.
11. Ohta K, Uchiyama S, Inaba Y, Nakagome H, Kunugita N (2011) Determination of carbonyl compounds generated from the electronic cigarette using coupled silica cartridges impregnated with hydroquinone and 2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazine. Bunseki Kagaku 60: 791–797.
12. Herrington JS, Myers C (2015) Electronic cigarette solutions and resultant aerosol profiles. Journal of Chromatography A 1418: 192–199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2015.09.034 PMID: 26422308
13. Sleiman M, Logue JM, Montesinos VN, Russell ML, Litter MI, Gundel LA, et al. (2016) Emissions from electronic cigarettes: key parameters affecting the release of harmful chemicals. Environmental Science & Technology 50: 9644–9651.
14. Ogunwale MA, Li M, Raju MVR, Chen Y, Nantz MH, Conklin DJ, et al. (2017) Aldehyde Detection in Electronic Cigarette Aerosols. ACS omega 2: 1207. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.6b00489 PMID: 28393137
15. Hinds WC (1999) Aerosol technology: properties, behavior, and measurement of airborne particles: John Wiley & Sons.
16. NIST NIST Chemistry WebBook, SRD 69.
17. Mikheev VB, Brinkman MC, Granville CA, Gordon SM, Clark PI (2016) Real-time measurement of electronic cigarette aerosol size distribution and metals content analysis. Nicotine & Tobacco Research: ntw128.
18. Zhang Y, Sumner W, Chen D-R (2013) In vitro particle size distributions in electronic and conventional cigarette aerosols suggest comparable deposition patterns. Nicotine & tobacco research 15: 501–508.
19. Sahu S, Tiwari M, Bhangare R, Pandit G (2013) Particle size distribution of mainstream and exhaled cigarette smoke and predictive deposition in human respiratory tract. Aerosol Air Qual Res 13: 324–332.
20. Brown CJ, Cheng JM (2014) Electronic cigarettes: product characterisation and design considerations. Tobacco control 23: ii4–ii10. https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2013-051476 PMID: 24732162
21. Ji EH, Sun B, Zhao T, Shu S, Chang CH, Messadi D, et al. (2016) Characterization of electronic cigarette aerosol and its induction of oxidative stress response in oral keratinocytes. PloS one 11: e0154447. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0154447 PMID: 27223106
22. Dickens C, McGrath C, Warren N, Biggs P, McAughey J. Puffing and inhalation behaviour in cigarette smoking: Implications for particle diameter and dose; 2009. IOP Publishing. pp. 012019.
23. Ingebrethsen BJ, Alderman SL, Ademe B (2011) Coagulation of mainstream cigarette smoke in the mouth during puffing and inhalation. Aerosol Science and technology 45: 1422–1428.
24. Bradford J, Harlan W, Hanmer H (1936) Nature of cigaret smoke: Technic of experimental smoking. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry 28: 836–839.
25. Evans SE, Hoffman AC (2014) Electronic cigarettes: abuse liability, topography and subjective effects. Tobacco control 23: ii23–ii29. https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2013-051489 PMID: 24732159
26. Talih S, Balhas Z, Eissenberg T, Salman R, Karaoghlanian N, El Hellani A, et al. (2014) Effects of user puff topography, device voltage, and liquid nicotine concentration on electronic cigarette nicotine yield: measurements and model predictions. Nicotine & Tobacco Research 17: 150–157.
27. CORESTA (2015) No. 81—Routine Analytical Machine for E-Cigarette Aerosol Generation and Collection—Definitions and Standard Conditions. CORESTA.
28. Ingebrethsen BJ, Cole SK, Alderman SL (2012) Electronic cigarette aerosol particle size distribution measurements. Inhalation toxicology 24: 976–984. https://doi.org/10.3109/08958378.2012.744781PMID: 23216158
29. Fuoco F, Buonanno G, Stabile L, Vigo P (2014) Influential parameters on particle concentration and size distribution in the mainstream of e-cigarettes. Environmental Pollution 184: 523–529. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2013.10.010 PMID: 24172659
30. Keith C, Derrick J (1960) Measurement of the particle size distribution and concentration of cigarette smoke by the “conifuge”. Journal of Colloid Science 15: 340–356.
31. HINDS WC (1978) Size characteristics of cigarette smoke. The American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal 39: 48–54. https://doi.org/10.1080/0002889778507712 PMID: 629208
32. Asgharian B, Hofmann W, Bergmann R (2001) Particle deposition in a multiple-path model of the human lung. Aerosol Science & Technology 34: 332–339.
33. Heyder J, Gebhart J, Rudolf G, Schiller CF, Stahlhofen W (1986) Deposition of particles in the human respiratory tract in the size range 0.005–15 μm. Journal of Aerosol Science 17: 811–825.
34. Stahlhofen W, Gebhart J, Heyder J (1980) Experimental determination of the regional deposition of aerosol particles in the human respiratory tract. The American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal 41: 385–398a. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298668091424933 PMID: 7395752
35. Brain JD, Valberg PA (1979) Deposition of aerosol in the respiratory tract 1–3. American Review of Respiratory Disease 120: 1325–1373. https://doi.org/10.1164/arrd.1979.120.6.1325 PMID: 391112
36. Löndahl J, Massling A, Pagels J, Swietlicki E, Vaclavik E, Loft S (2007) Size-resolved respiratory-tract deposition of fine and ultrafine hydrophobic and hygroscopic aerosol particles during rest and exercise. Inhalation toxicology 19: 109–116. https://doi.org/10.1080/08958370601051677 PMID: 17169858
37. Anjilvel S, Asgharian B (1995) A multiple-path model of particle deposition in the rat lung. Toxicological Sciences 28: 41–50.