Condensed matter physics with cold polar molecules

Cold Molecules: Theory, Experiment, Applications

Volumn , Issue , 2009, Pages 421-470

  Pupillo, Guido ^a,b   Micheli, Andrea ^a,b   Büchler, Hans Peter ^c   Zoller, Peter ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF INNSBRUCK   (Austria)

^b ERICH SCHMID INSTITUTE OF MATERIALS SCIENCE   (Austria)

^c UNIVERSITY OF STUTTGART   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 85051909976     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter

References (143)

1. For an overview, see, e.g., Ultracold Matter, Nature Insight, Nature (London), 416, 205–246, 2002.
2. See, e.g., Special Issue: Ultracold polar molecules: Formation and collisions, Eur. Phys. J. D, 31, 149–445, 2004.
3. Sage, J.M., Sainis, S., Bergeman, T., and DeMille, D., Optical production of ultracold polar molecules, Phys. Rev. Lett., 94, 203001, 2005.
4. Bethlem, H.L., Berden, G., Crompvoets, F.M.H., Jongma, R.T., van Roij, A.J.A., and Meijer, G., Electrostatic trapping of ammonia molecules, Nature (London), 406, 491, 2000.
5. Weinstein, J.D., deCarvalho, R., Guillet, T., Friedrich, B., and Doyle, J.M., Magnetic trapping of calcium monohydride molecules at millikelvin temperatures, Nature, 395, 148, 1998.
6. Crompvoets, F.M.H., Bethlem, H.L., Jongma, R.T., and Meijer, G., Aprototype storage ring for neutral molecules, Nature (London), 411, 174, 2001.
7. Junglen, T., Rieger, T., Rangwala, S.A., Pinkse, P.W.H., and G. Rempe, Twodimensional trapping of dipolar molecules in time-varying electric fields, Phys. Rev. Lett., 92, 223001, 2004.
8. Tarbutt, M.R., Bethlem, H.L., Hudson, J.J., Ryabov, V.L., Ryzhov, V.A., Sauer, B.E., Meijer, G., and Hinds, E.A., Slowing heavy, ground-state molecules using an alternating gradient decelerator, Phys. Rev. Lett., 92, 173002, 2004.
9. Rieger, T., Junglen, T., Rangwala, S.A., Pinkse, P.W.H., and Rempe, G., Continuous loading of an electrostatic trap for polar molecules, Phys. Rev. Lett., 95, 173002, 2005.
10. Wang, D., Qi, J., Stone, M.F., Nikolayeva, O., Wang, H., Hattaway, B., Gensemer, S.D., Gould, P.L., Eyler, E.E., and Stwalley, W.C., Photoassociative production and trapping of ultracold KRb molecules, Phys. Rev. Lett., 93, 243005, 2004.
11. van de Meerakker, S.Y.T., Smeets, P.H.M., Vanhaecke, N., Jongma, R.T., and Meijer, G., Deceleration and electrostatic trapping of O Hradicals, Phys. Rev. Lett., 94, 023004, 2005.
12. Kraft, S.D., Staanum, P., Lange, J., Vogel, L., Wester, R., and Weidemüller, M., Formation of ultracold LiCs molecules, J. Phys. B, 39, S993, 2006.
13. Ospelkaus, S., Pe’er, A., Ni, K.-K., Zirbel, J.J., Neyenhuis, B., Kotochigova, S., Julienne, P.S., Ye, J., and Jin, D.S., Ultracold Dense Gas of Deeply Bound Heteronuclear Molecules, arXiv:0802.1093
14. Knoop, S., Mark, M., Ferlaino, F., Danzl, J.G., Kraemer, T., Naegerl, H.-C., and Grimm, R., Metastable Feshbach molecules in high rotational states, Phys. Rev. Lett., 100, 083002, 2008.
15. Lang, F., Straten, P.v.d., Brandstätter, B., Thalhammer, G., Winkler, K., Julienne, P.S., Grimm, R., and Hecker Denschlag, J., Cruising through molecular bound-state manifolds with radiofrequency, Nature Phys., 4, 223, 2008.
16. Sawyer, B.C., Lev, B.L., Hudson, E.R., Stuhl, B.K., Lara, M., Bohn, J.L., and Jun Ye, Magneto-electrostatic trapping of ground state OH molecules, Phys. Rev. Lett., 98, 253002, 2007.
17. Stwalley, W.C., Efficient conversion of ultracold Feshbach-resonance-related polar molecules into ultracold ground state (X1Σ + v = 0, J = 0) molecules, Eur. Phys. J. D, 31, 221, 2004.
18. Hudson, E.R., Bochinski, J.R., Lewandowski, H.J., Sawyer, B.C., andYe, J., Efficient Stark deceleration of cold polar molecules, Eur. Phys. J. D, 31, 351, 2004.
19. Inouye, S., Goldwin, J., Olsen, M.L., Ticknor, C., Bohn, J.L., and Jin, D.S., Observation of heteronuclear Feshbach resonances in a mixture of bosons and fermions, Phys. Rev. Lett., 93, 183201, 2004.
20. Greiner, M., Regal, C.A., and Jin, D.S., Emergence of a molecular Bose-Einstein condensate from a Fermi gas, Nature, 426, 537–540, 2003.
21. Regal, C.A., Ticknor, C., Bohn, J.L., and Jin, D.S., Creation of ultracold molecules from a Fermi gas of atoms, Nature, 424, 47, 2003.
22. Volz, T., Syassen, N., Bauer, D.M., Hansis, E., Dürr, S., and Rempe, G., Preparation of a quantum state with one molecule at each site of an optical lattice, Nature Phys., 2, 692, 2006.
23. Fano, U., Effects of configuration interaction on intensities and phase shifts, Phys. Rev., 124, 1866, 1961
24. Fano, U., Sullo spettro di assorbimento dei gas nobili presso il limite dello spettro d’arco, Nuovo Cimento, 12, 154, 1935
25. Fano, U., Pupillo, G., Zannoni, A., and Clark, C.W., On the absorption spectrum of noble gases at the arc spectrum limit, J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol., 110, 583, 2005.
26. For a review on Feshbach resonances see e.g. R. A. Duine and Stoof, H., T.C., Atom molecule coherence in Bose gases, Phys. Rep., 396, 115, 2004.
27. Regal, C.A., Greiner, M., and Jin, D.S., Observation of resonance condensation of Fermionic atom pairs, Phys. Rev. Lett., 92, 040403, 2004.
28. Bartenstein, M., Altmeyer, A., Riedl, S., Jochim, S., Chin, C., Hecker Denschlag, J., and Grimm, R., Crossover from a molecular Bose-Einstein condensate to a degenerate Fermi gas, Phys. Rev. Lett., 92, 120401, 2004.
29. Zwierlein, M.W., Abo-Shaeer, J.R., Schirotzek, A., Schunck, C.H., and Ketterle, W., Vortices and superfluidity in a strongly interacting Fermi gas, Nature, 435, 1047, 2005.
30. Partridge, G.B., Strecker, K.E., Kamar, R.I., Jack, M.W., and Hulet, R.G., Molecular probe of pairing in the BEC–BCS crossover, Phys. Rev. Lett., 95, 020404, 2005.
31. Chin, C., Bartenstein, M., Altmeyer, A., Riedl, S., Jochim, S., Hecker Denschlag, J., and Grimm, R., Observation of the pairing gap in a strongly interacting Fermi gas, Science, 305, 1128, 2005.
32. Hadzibabic, Z., Krüger, P., Cheneau, M., Battelier, B., and Dalibard, J.B., Berezinskii- Kosterlitz-Thouless crossover in a trapped atomic gas, Nature, 441, 1118, 2006.
33. Berezinskii, V.L., Destruction of long-range order in one-dimensional and twodimensional systems possessing a continuous symmetry group, Sov. Phys. JETP, 34, 610, 1972.
34. Kosterlitz, J.M. and Thouless, D.J., Ordering, metastability and phase transitions in two-dimensional systems, J. Phys. C: Solid State Physics, 6, 1181, 1973.
35. Greiner, M., Mandel, O., Esslinger, T., Hänsch, T.W., and Bloch, I., Quantum phase Transition from a superfluid to a Mott insulator in a gas of ultracold atoms, Nature, 415, 39, 2002.
36. Spielman, I.B., Phillips, W.D., and Porto, J.V., Mott-insulator transition in a twodimensional atomic bose gas, Phys. Rev. Lett., 98, 080404, 2007.
37. Koch, T., Lahaye, T., Metz, J., Fröhlich, B., Griesmaier, A., and Pfau, T., Stabilizing a purely dipolar quantum gas against collapse, Nature Phys., 4, 218, 2008.
38. Lahaye, T., Koch, T., Fröhlich, B., Fattori, M., Metz, J., Griesmaier, A., Giovanazzi, S., and Pfau, T., Strong dipolar effects in a quantum ferrofluid, Nature, 448, 672, 2007.
39. Griesmaier, A., Stuhler, J., Koch, T., Fattori, M., Pfau, T., and Giovanazzi, S., Comparing contact and dipolar interaction in a Bose-Einstein condensate, Phys. Rev. Lett., 97, 250402, 2006.
40. See the up-coming review: Baranov, M.A., Theoretical progress in many-body physics with ultracold dipolar gases, Phys. Rep., in press, and references therein.
41. Wang, D.-W., Lukin, M.D., and Demler, E., Quantum fluids of self-assembled chains of polar molecules, Phys. Rev. Lett., 97, 180413, 2006.
42. Wang, D.-W., Quantum phase transitions of polar molecules in bilayer systems, Phys. Rev. Lett., 98, 060403, 2007.
43. Santos, L., Shlyapnikov, G.V., Zoller, P., and Lewenstein, M., Bose-Einstein condensation in trapped dipolar gases, Phys. Rev. Lett., 85, 1791, 2000.
44. Petrov, D.S., Astrakharchik, G.E., Papoular, D.J., Salomon, C., and Shlyapnikov, G.V., Crystalline phase of strongly interacting Fermi mixtures, Phys. Rev. Lett., 99, 130407, 2007.
45. Pedri, P., De Palo, S., Orignac, E., Citro, R., and Chiofalo, M.L., Collective excitations of trapped one-dimensional dipolar quantum gases, Phys. Rev. A, 77, 015601, 2008.
46. Kotochigova, S. and Tiesinga, E., Controlling polar molecules in optical lattices, Phys. Rev. A, 73, 041405(R), 2006.
47. Kotochigova, S., Prospects for making polar molecules with microwave fields, Phys. Rev. Lett., 99, 073003, 2007.
48. Büchler, H.P., Demler, E., Lukin, M.D., Micheli, A., Prokof’ev, N.V., Pupillo, G., and Zoller, P., Strongly correlated 2D quantum phases with cold polar molecules: Controlling the shape of the interaction potential, Phys. Rev. Lett., 98, 060404, 2007.
49. Astrakharchik, G.E., Boronat, J., Kurbakov, I.L., and Lozovik, Yu.E., Quantum phase transition in a two-dimensional system of dipoles, Phys. Rev. Lett., 98, 060405, 2007.
50. Mora, C., Parcollet, O., andWaintal, X., Quantum melting of a crystal of dipolar bosons, Phys. Rev. B, 76, 064511, 2007.
51. Arkhipov, A.S., Astrakharchik, G.E., Belikov, A.V., Lozovik, Yu. E., Ground-state properties of a one-dimensional system of dipoles, JETP, 82, 41, 2005.
52. Citro, R., Orignac, E., De Palo, S., and Chiofalo, M.L., Evidence of Luttinger-liquid behavior in one-dimensional dipolar quantum gases, Phys. Rev.A, 75, 051602(R), 2007.
53. Micheli, A., Brennen, G.K., and Zoller, P., A toolbox for lattice-spin models with polar molecules, Nature Phys., 2, 341, 2006.
54. Brennen, G.K., Micheli, A., and Zoller, P., Designing spin-1 lattice models using polar molecules, New J. Phys., 9, 138, 2007.
55. Pupillo, G., Griessner, A., Micheli, A., Ortner, M., Wang, D.-W., and Zoller, P., Cold atoms and molecules in self-assembled dipolar lattices, Phys. Rev. Lett., 100, 050402, 2008.
56. For studies in condensed matter setups see e.g.: Snoke, D., Spontaneous bose coherence of excitons and polaritons, Science, 298, 1368, 2002
57. De Palo, S., Rapisarda, F., and Senatore, G., Excitonic condensation in a symmetric electron-hole bilayer, Phys. Rev. Lett., 88, 206401 (2002)
58. Kulakovskii, D.V., Lozovik, Yu.E., and Chaplik, A.V., Collective excitations in exciton crystal, JETP 99, 850, 2004
59. Kalman, G.J., Hartmann, P., Donko, Z., and Golden, K.I., Phys. Rev. Lett., 98, 236801, 2007, and references therein.
60. Deb, B. andYou, L., Low-energy atomic collision with dipole interactions, Phys. Rev. A, 64, 022717, 2001.
61. Avdeenkov, A.V. and Bohn, J.L., Linking ultracold polar molecules, Phys. Rev. Lett., 90, 043006, 2003.
62. Krems, R.V., Molecules near absolute zero and external field control of atomic and molecular dynamics, Int. Rev. Phys. Chem., 24, 99, 2005.
63. Krems, R.V., Controlling collisions of ultracold atoms with dc electric fields, Phys. Rev. Lett., 96, 123202, 2006.
64. Ticknor, C. and Bohn, J., Long-range scattering resonances in strong-field-seeking states of polar molecules, Phys. Rev. A, 72, 032717, 2005.
65. Derevianko, A., Anisotropic pseudopotential for polarized dilute quantum gases, Phys. Rev. A, 67, 2003
66. Derevianko, A., Erratum: Anisotropic pseudopotential for polarized dilute quantum gases, Phys. Rev. A, 67, 033607, 2003, Phys. Rev. A, 72, 03990, 2005.
67. Micheli, A., Pupillo, G., Büchler, H.P., and Zoller, P., Cold polar molecules in twodimensional traps: Tailoring interactions with external fields for novel quantum phases, Phys. Rev. A, 76, 043604, 2007.
68. Santos, L., Shlyapnikov, G.V., and Lewenstein, M., Roton-Maxon spectrum and stability of trapped dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates, Phys. Rev. Lett., 90, 250403, 2003.
69. O’Dell, D.H., Giovanazzi, S., and Kurizki, G., Rotons in gaseous Bose-Einstein condensates irradiated by a laser, Phys. Rev. Lett., 90, 110402, 2003.
70. Bortolotti, D.C.E., Ronen, S., Bohn, J.L., and Blume, D., Scattering length instability in dipolar bose-Einstein condensates, Phys. Rev. Lett., 97, 160402, 2006.
71. Ronen, S., Bortolotti, D.C.E., Blume, D., and Bohn, J.L., Dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates with dipole-dependent scattering length, Phys. Rev. A, 74, 033611, 2006.
72. Fischer, U.R., Stability of quasi-two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates with dominant dipole–dipole interactions, Phys. Rev. A, 73, 031602(R), 2006.
73. Ronen, S., Bortolotti, D.C.E., and Bohn, J.L., Radial and angular rotons in trapped dipolar gases, Phys. Rev. Lett., 98, 030406, 2007.
74. Lushnikov, P.M., Collapse of Bose-Einstein condensates with dipole–dipole interactions, Phys. Rev. A, 66, 051601(R), 2002.
75. Dutta, O. and Meystre, P., Ground-state structure and stability of dipolar condensates in anisotropic traps, Phys. Rev. A, 75, 053604, 2007.
76. Yi, S. and You, L., Trapped condensates of atoms with dipole interactions, Phys. Rev. A 63, 053607, 2001.
77. Baranov, M.A., Osterloh, K., and Lewenstein, M., Fractional quantum hall states in ultracold rapidly rotating dipolar Fermi gases, Phys. Rev. Lett., 94, 070404, 2005.
78. O’Dell, D.H. and Eberlein, C., Vortex in a trapped Bose-Einstein condensate with dipole–dipole interactions, Phys. Rev. A, 75, 013604, 2007.
79. Cooper, N.R., Rezayi, E.H., and Simon, S.H., Vortex lattices in rotating atomic Bose gases with dipolar interactions, Phys. Rev. Lett., 95, 200402, 2005.
80. Zhang, J. and Zhai, H., Vortex lattices in planar Bose-Einstein condensates with dipolar interactions, Phys. Rev. Lett., 95, 200403, 2005.
81. Yi, S. and Pu, H., Vortex structures in dipolar condensates, Phys. Rev. A, 73, 061602(R), 2006.
82. Osterloh, K., Barberán, N., and Lewenstein, M., Strongly correlated states of ultracold rotating dipolar Fermi gases, Phys. Rev. Lett., 99, 160403, 2007.
83. See e.g.: Lewenstein, M., Sanpera, A., Ahufinger, V., Damski, B., Sen De, A., and Sen, U., Ultracold atomic gases in optical lattices: Mimicking condensed matter physics and beyond, Adv. Phys., 56, 243, 2007
84. Jaksch, D., and Zoller, P., The cold atom Hubbard toolbox, Ann. Phys., 315, 52, 2005.
85. Góral, K., Santos, L., and Lewenstein, M., Quantum phases of dipolar bosons in optical lattices, Phys. Rev. Lett., 88, 170406, 2002.
86. Barnett, R., Petrov, D., Lukin, M., and Demler, E., Quantum magnetism with multicomponent dipolar molecules in an optical lattice, Phys. Rev. Lett., 96, 190401, 2006.
87. Menotti, C., Trefzger, C., and Lewenstein, M., Metastable states of a gas of dipolar bosons in a 2D optical lattice, Phys. Rev. Lett., 98, 235301, 2007.
88. Kollath, C., Meyer, J.S., and Giamarchi, T., Dipolar bosons in a planar array of onedimensional tubes, Phys. Rev. Lett., 100, 130403, 2008.
89. Dalla Torre, E.G., Berg, E., and Altman, E., Hidden order in 1D Bose insulators, Phys. Rev. Lett., 97, 260401, 2006.
90. Sengupta, P., Pryadko, L.P., Alet, F., Troyer, M., and Schmid, G., Supersolids versus phase separation in two-dimensional lattice bosons, Phys. Rev. Lett., 94, 207202, 2005.
91. Boninsegni, M. and Prokof’ev, N., Supersolid phase of hard-core bosons on a triangular lattice, Phys. Rev. Lett., 95, 237204, 2005.
92. Büchler, H.P., Micheli, A., and Zoller, P., Three-body interactions with cold polar molecules, Nature Phys., 3, 726, 2007.
93. Lee, C. and Ostrovskaya, E.A., Quantum computation with diatomic bits in optical lattices, Phys. Rev. A, 72, 062321, 2005.
94. Yelin, S.F., Kirby, K., and Côté, R., Schemes for robust quantum computation with polar molecules, Phys. Rev. A, 74, 050301(R), 2006.
95. Charron, E., Milman, P., Keller, A., and Atabek, O., Quantum phase gate and controlled entanglement with polar molecules, Phys. Rev. A, 75, 033414, 2007.
96. DeMille, D., Quantum computation with Trapped polar molecules, Phys. Rev. Lett., 88, 067901, 2002.
97. Rabl, P., DeMille, D., Doyle, J.M., Lukin, M.D., Schoelkopf, R.J., and Zoller, P., Hybrid quantum processors: Molecular ensembles as quantum memory for solid state circuits, Phys. Rev. Lett., 97, 033003, 2006.
98. Rabl, P. and Zoller, P., Molecular dipolar crystals as high-fidelity quantum memory for hybrid quantum computing, Phys. Rev. A, 76, 042308, 2007.
99. For oscillating time-dependent electric fields with frequency ω we transform HBO by Fourier expansion in ω to a Floquet picture, and thus a time-independent Hamiltonian, whose eigenvalues provide the dressed Born–Oppenheimer potentials.
100. Wineland, D.J., Monroe, C., Itano, W.M., Leibfried, D., King, B.E., and Meekhof, D.M., Experimental issues in coherent quantum-state manipulation of trapped atomic ions, J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Tech., 103, 259, 1998
101. Wigner, E., On the interaction of electrons in metals, Phys. Rev., 46, 1002, 1934.
102. Kalia, R.K. and Vashishta, P., Interfacial colloidal crystals and melting transition, J. Phys. C, 14, L643, 1981.
103. Boninsegni, M., Prokof’ev, N., and Svistunov, B., Worm algorithm for continuousspace path integral Monte Carlo simulations, Phys. Rev. Lett., 96, 070601, 2006.
104. Napolitano, R., Weiner, J., and Julienne, P.S., Theory of optical suppression of ultracoldcollision rates by polarized light, Phys. Rev. A, 55, 1191, 1997.
105. Weiner, J., Bagnato, V.S., Zilio, S., and Julienne, P.S., Experiments and theory in cold and ultracold collisions, Rev. Mod. Phys., 71, 1, 1999.
106. Zilio, S.C., Marcassa, L., Muniz, S., Horowicz, R., Bagnato, V., Napolitano, R., Weiner, J., and Julienne, P.S., Polarization dependence of optical suppression in photoassociative ionization collisions in a sodium magneto-optic trap, Phys. Rev. Lett., 76, 2033, 1996.
107. Gorshkov, A.V., Rabl, P., Pupillo, G., Micheli, A., Zoller, P., Lukin, M.D., and Büchler, H.P., Suppression of inelastic collisions between polar molecules with a repulsive shield, Phys. Rev. Lett., 101, 073201, 2008.
108. Moore, R. and Read, N., Nonabelions in the fractional quantum hall effect, Nucl. Phys. B, 360, 362, 1991.
109. Fradkin, E., Nayak, C., Tsvelik, A., and Wilczek, F., A chern-simons effective field theory for the pfaffian quantum hall state, Nucl. Phys. B, 516, 704, 1998.
110. Cooper, N.R., Exact ground states of rotating bose gases close to a Feshbach resonance, Phys. Rev. Lett., 92, 220405, 2004.
111. Levin, M.A. and Wen, X.G., String-net condensation: A physical mechanism for topological phases, Phys. Rev. B, 71, 045110, 2005.
112. Fidkowski, L., Freedman, M., Nayak, C., Walker, K., and Wang, Z., From String Nets to Nonabelions, arXiv:cond-mat/0610583, 2006.
113. Hubbard, J., Electron correlations in narrow energy bands, Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A, 276, 238, 1963.
114. See, e.g.: Lee, P.A., Nagaosa, N., and Wen, X.-G., Doping a Mott insulator: Physics of high-temperature superconductivity, Rev. Mod. Phys., 78, 17, 2006, and references therein.
115. Jaksch, D., Bruder, C., Cirac, J.I., Gardiner, C.W., and Zoller, P., Cold bosonic atoms in optical lattices, Phys. Rev. Lett., 81, 3108, 1998.
116. Hofstetter, W., Cirac, J.I., Zoller, P., Demler, E., and Lukin, M.D., High-temperature superfluidity of fermionic atoms in optical lattices, Phys. Rev. Lett., 89, 220407, 2002.
117. Stöferle, T., Moritz, H., Günter, K., Köhl, M., and Esslinger, T., Molecules of Fermionic atoms in an optical lattice, Phys. Rev. Lett., 96, 030401, 2006.
118. Jördens, R., Strohmaier, N., Günter, K., Moritz, H., and Esslinger, T., A Mott insulator of Fermionic atoms in an optical lattice, arXiv:0804.4009.
119. Tewari, S., Scarola, V.W., Senthil, T.S.D., and Sarma, S. Emergence of artificial photons in an optical lattice, Phys. Rev. Lett., 97, 200401, 2006.
120. Haldane, F.D.M., Two-Dimensional Strongly Correlated Electron Systems, Gan, Z.Z. and Su, Z.B., Eds., Gordon and Breach, 1988.
121. Douçot, B., Feigel’man, M.V., Ioffe, L.B., and Ioselevich, A.S., Protected qubits and Chern-Simons theories in Josephson junction arrays, Phys. Rev. B, 71, 024505, 2005.
122. Kitaev, A.Yu., Anyons in an exactly solved model and beyond, Annals of Physics, 321, 2, 2006.
123. Dennis, E., Kitaev, A.Yu., Landahl, A., and Preskill, J., Topological quantum memory, J. Math. Phys., 43, 4452, 2002.
124. Duan, L.M., Demler, E., and Lukin, M.D., Controlling spin exchange interactions of ultracold atoms in optical lattices, Phys. Rev. Lett., 91, 090402, 2003.
125. Alexandrov, A.S., Theory of Superconductivity, IoP Publishing, Philadelphia, 2003.
126. Illuminati, F. and Albus, A., High-temperature atomic superfluidity in lattice Bose- Fermi mixtures, Phys. Rev. Lett., 93, 090406, 2004.
127. Wang, D.-W., Lukin, M.D., and Demler, E., Engineering superfluidity in Bose-Fermi mixtures of ultracold atoms, Phys. Rev. A, 72, R051604, 2005.
128. Bruderer, M., Klein, A., Clark, S.R., and Jaksch, D., Polaron physics in optical lattices, Phys. Rev. A, 76, 011605(R), 2007.
129. Friedrich, B. and Herschbach, D., Alignment and trapping of molecules in intense laser fields, Phys. Rev. Lett., 74, 4623, 1995.
130. Herzberg, G., Molecular Spectra and Molecular Structure I, Spectra of Diatomic Molecules, Van Nostrand Reinhold, NewYork, 1950.
131. Brown, J.M. and Carrington, A., Rotational Spectroscopy of Diatomic Molecules, Cambridge University Press, NewYork, 2003.
132. Judd, B.R., Angular Momentum Theory for Diatomic Molecules, Academic Press, NewYork, 1975.
133. See e.g. http://physics.nist.gov/PhysRefData/MolSpec/
134. Coleman, S., Fate of the false vacuum: Semiclassical theory, Phys. Rev. D, 15, 2929, 1977.
135. Kotochigova, S., Tiesinga, E., and Julienne, P.S., Photoassociative formation of ultracold polar KRB molecules, Eur. Phys. J. D, 31, 189, 2004.
136. Mahan, G.D., Many Particle Physics, KluwerAcademic/Plenum Publishers, NewYork, 2000.
137. This antiadiabatic regime is hard to achieve with cold atoms, see, e.g., Refs. [118] and [119].
138. Carmichael, H.J., Statistical Methods in Quantum Optics 1, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1999.
139. Ortner, M., Micheli, A., Pupillo, G., and Zoller, P., Quantum simulations of extended Hubbard models with dipolar crystals, 2009 (submitted for publication).
140. For single-frequency phonons in 1D, see: Datta, S., Das, A., and Yarlagadda, S., Manypolaron effects in the Holstein model, Phys. Rev. B, 71, 235118, 2005.
141. Hirsch, J.E. and Fradkin, E., Phase diagram of one-dimensional electron-phonon systems. II. The molecular-crystal model, Phys. Rev. B, 27, 4302, 1983
142. Niyaz, P., Scalettar, R.T., Fong, C.Y., and Batrouni, G.G., Phase transitions in an interacting boson model with near-neighbor repulsion, Phys. Rev. B, 50, 362, 1994.
143. Movre, M. and Pichler, G., Resonant interaction and self-broadening of alkali resonance lines I. Adiabatic potential curves, J. Phys. B: Atom. Molec. Phys., 10, 2631, 1977.