Decompressive craniectomy for the treatment of high intracranial pressure in closed traumatic brain injury

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

Volumn 2019, Issue 12, 2019, Pages

  Sahuquillo, Juan ^a   Dennis, Jane A ^b  

^a HOSPITAL UNIVERSITARI VALL D HEBRON   (Spain)

^b SOUTHMEAD HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADVERSE EVENT; CLINICAL OUTCOME; DECOMPRESSIVE CRANIECTOMY; GLASGOW OUTCOME SCALE; HUMAN; INJURY SEVERITY; INTERVENTION STUDY; INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE; MORTALITY RISK; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PATIENT CARE; PATIENT DECISION MAKING; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK REDUCTION; SURGICAL MORTALITY; SURGICAL TECHNIQUE; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY; COMPLICATION; INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION; META ANALYSIS; PROCEDURES;

BRAIN INJURIES, TRAUMATIC; DECOMPRESSIVE CRANIECTOMY; HUMANS; INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION; INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS AS TOPIC;

EID: 85048912011     PISSN: None     EISSN: 1469493X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003983.pub3     Document Type: Review

References (250)

1. Cooper DJ, Rosenfeld JV, Murray L, Arabi YM, Davies AR, D'Urso P, et al. Decompressive craniectomy in diffuse traumatic brain Injury. New England Journal of Medicine 2011;364(16):1493-502. x-wiley/crsRef/2893499
2. Cooper DJ, Rosenfeld JV, Murray L, Wolfe R, Ponsford J, Davies A, et al. Early decompressive craniectomy for patients with severe traumatic brain injury and refractory intracranial hypertension: a pilot randomized trial. Journal of Critical Care 2008; Vol. 23, issue 3:387-93. x-wiley/crsRef/2893500
3. Hutchinson P. RescueICP questions for Cochrane Review [personal communication]. Emails to: J Sahuquillo 5-16 October 2016. x-wiley/crsRef/12483826
4. Hutchinson PJ, Corteen E, Czosnyka M, Mendelow AD, Menon DK, MItchell P, et al. Decompressive craniectomy in traumatic brain injury: the randomized multicenter RESCUEicp study (www.RESCUEicp.com). Acta Neurochirurgica 2006 [Supplement];96:17-20. x-wiley/crsRef/12483827
5. Hutchinson PJ, Kolias AG, Timofeev IS, Corteen EA, Czosnyka M, Timothey J, et al. for the RESCUEicp Trial Collaborators. Trial of decompressive craniectomy for traumatic intracranial hypertension. New England Journal of Medicine 2016;375:1119-30. x-wiley/crsRef/12483828
6. Butt W. Methodological issues in Taylor 2001. Email to: J Sahuqillo 12 February 2005. x-wiley/crsRef/12483829
7. Taylor A, Butt W, Rosenfeld J, Shann F, Ditchfield M, Lewis E, et al. A randomized trial of very early decompressive craniectomy in children with traumatic brain injury and sustained intracranial hypertension. Child's Nervous System 2001;17(3):154-62. [MEDLINE: 11305769]x-wiley/crsRef/2893502
8. Bhat AR, Kirmani AR, Wani MA. Decompressive craniectomy with multi-dural stabs - a combined (SKIMS) technique to evacuate acute subdural hematoma with underlying severe traumatic brain edema. Asian Journal of Neurosurgery 2013;8(1):15-20. x-wiley/crsRef/12483831
9. ISRCTN87370545. The randomised evaluation of surgery with craniectomy for patients undergoing evacuation of acute subdural haematoma (RESCUE-ASDH14). www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN87370545 (first received 14 November 2019). x-wiley/crsRef/12483833
10. Jiang JY, Xu W, Li WP, Xu WH, Zhang J, Bao YH, et al. Efficacy of standard trauma craniectomy for refractory intracranial hypertension with severe traumatic brain injury: a multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled study. Journal of Neurotrauma 2005;22(6):623-8. [PUBMED: 15941372]x-wiley/crsRef/2893594
11. Moein H, Sanati MA, Fard SA, Moein P, Hasheminasab SM. Outcome of decompressive craniectomy in patients with severe head injury: a pilot randomized clinical trial. Neurosurgery Quarterly 2012;22:149-52. x-wiley/crsRef/12483835
12. Qiu W, Guo C, Shen H, Chen K, Wen L, Huang H, et al. Effects of unilateral decompressive craniectomy on patients with unilateral acute post-traumatic brain swelling after severe traumatic brain injury. Critical Care 2009;13(6):R185. x-wiley/crsRef/2893654
13. Wang Y, Wang C, Yang L, Cai S, Cai X, Dong J, et al. Controlled decompression for the treatment of severe head injury: a preliminary study. Turkish Neurosurgery 2014;24(2):214-20. x-wiley/crsRef/12483837
14. Wen Z, Huo L. Modified big bone valve decompression reduces intracranial pressure and improves prognosis following craniocerebral injury. Neural Regeneration Research 2007;2(5):318-20. x-wiley/crsRef/2893699
15. ISRCTN20139421. Decompressive craniectomy for mass effect in severe head injury [Prospective randomized evaluation of therapeutic decompressive craniectomy in severe traumatic brain injury with mass lesions (PRECIS)]. www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN20139421 (first received 14 May 2015). x-wiley/crsRef/12483839
16. Zhao HX, Liao Y, Xu D, Wang QP, Gan Q, You C, et al. Prospective randomized evaluation of therapeutic decompressive craniectomy in severe traumatic brain injury with mass lesions (PRECIS): study protocol for a controlled trial. BMC Neurology 2016;16:1-8. x-wiley/crsRef/12483840
17. Song F-L, Zhao Y, Ma L, Wang L-G, Liu B-F, Sun P, et al. Efficacy analysis of early bilateral decompressive craniectomy for severe traumatic brain injury. Chinese Journal of Contemporary Neurology and Neurosurgery 2018;18(9):692-6. x-wiley/crsRef/12483842
18. NCT03766087: Decompressive craniectomy for severe traumatic brain injury in children with refractory intracranial hypertension (RANDECPED). Ongoing study September 2019.
19. Aarabi B, Hesdorffer DC, Ahn ES, Aresco C, Scalea TM, Eisenberg HM. Outcome following decompressive craniectomy for malignant swelling due to severe head injury. Journal of Neurosurgery 2006;104(4):469-79. [PUBMED: 16619648]x-wiley/crsRef/2893504
20. Abdullah J, Zamzuri I, Awang S, Sayuthi S, Ghani A, Tahir A, et al. Preliminary report on Spiegelberg pre and post-operative monitoring of severe head-injured patients who received decompressive craniectomy. Acta Neurochirurgica. Supplement 2005;95:311-4. [PUBMED: 16463872]x-wiley/crsRef/2893506
21. Al-Jishi A, Saluja RS, Al-Jehani H, Lamoureux J, Maleki M, Marcoux J. Primary or secondary decompressive craniectomy: different indication and outcome. Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences 2011;38(4):612-20.
22. Albanese J, Leone M, Alliez JR, Kaya JM, Antonini F, Alliez B, et al. Decompressive craniectomy for severe traumatic brain injury: evaluation of the effects at one year. Critical Care Medicine 2003;31(10):2535-8. x-wiley/crsRef/2893508
23. Alexander E, Ball MR, Laster DW. Subtemporal decompression: radiological observations and current surgical experience. British Journal of Neurosurgery 1987;1:427-33. x-wiley/crsRef/2893510
24. Alvis-Miranda H, Castellar-Leones SM, Moscote-Salazar LR. Decompressive craniectomy and traumatic brain injury: a review. Bulletin of Emergency & Trauma 2013;1(2):60-8.
25. Ammar A, Awada A, al Luwami I. Reversibility of severe brain stem dysfunction in children. Acta Neurochirurgica (Wien) 1993;124(2-4):86-91. x-wiley/crsRef/2893512
26. Annandale TN. IV - on intra-cranial surgery. Edinburgh Medical Journal 1894;January-June:898.
27. Ashayeri KE, Jackon EM, Huang J, Brem H, Gordon CR. Syndrome of the trephined: a systematic review. Neurosurgery 2016;79:525-34.
28. Barthelemy EJ, Melis M, Gordon E, Ullman JS, Germano IM. Decompressive craniectomy for severe traumatic brain injury: a systematic review. World Neurosurgery 2016;88:411-20.
29. Beez T, Munoz-Bendix C, Ahmadi SA, Steiger H-J, Beseoglu K. From decompressive craniectomy to cranioplasty and beyond - a pediatric neurosurgery perspective. Child's Nervous System: ChNS: Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery 2019;35(9):1517-24.
30. Berger S, Schwarz M, Huth R. Hypertonic saline solution and decompressive craniectomy for treatment of intracranial hypertension in pediatric severe traumatic brain injury. Journal of Trauma 2002;53(3):558-63. x-wiley/crsRef/2893514
31. Bohman LE, Schuster JM. Decompressive craniectomy for management of traumatic brain injury: an update. Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports 2013;13(11):392. [DOI: 10.1007/s11910-013-0392-x]x-wiley/crsRef/2893516
32. Bonaventure P, Jamous JA, Lauzier F, Zarychanski R, Francoeur C, Turgeon A. Impact of decompressive craniectomy on neurological functional outcome in critically ill adult patients with severe traumatic brain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Critical Care. 2018; Vol. 22 (Supplement 1).
33. Bor-Seng-Shu E, Figueiredo EG, Amorim RL, Teixeira MJ, Valbuza JS, de Oliveira MM, et al. Decompressive craniectomy: a meta-analysis of influences on intracranial pressure and cerebral perfusion pressure in the treatment of traumatic brain injury. Journal of Neurosurgery 2012;117(3):587-96. x-wiley/crsRef/2893518
34. Bose B. Emergency decompressive craniectomy for traumatic malignant intracranial hypertension. Neurosurgery Quarterly 2002;12(2):171-81. x-wiley/crsRef/2893520
35. Boutron I, Moher D, Altman DG, Schulz KF, Ravaud P, CONSORT Group. Extending the CONSORT statement to randomized trials of nonpharmacologic treatment: explanation and elaboration. Annals of Internal Medicine 2008;148(4):295-309. [PUBMED: 18283207]
36. Brain Trauma Foundation. Management and prognosis of severe traumatic brain injury. Part I. Guidelines for the management of severe traumatic brain injury. 2nd Edition. Brain Trauma Foundation, 2000.
37. Brain Trauma Foundation, American Association of Neurological Surgeons, Congress of Neurological Surgeons. Guidelines for the management of severe traumatic brain injury. Journal of Neurotrauma 2007;24 Suppl 1:1-106. [PUBMED: 17511534]
38. Brain Trauma Foundation. Guidelines for the Management of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury. braintrauma.org/guidelines/guidelines-for-the-management-of-severe-tbi-4th-ed#/ 2016.
39. Britt RH, Hamilton RD. Large decompressive craniotomy in the treatment of acute subdural hematoma. Neurosurgery 1978;2(3):195-200. x-wiley/crsRef/2893522
40. Brohi K, Schreiber M. The new survivors and a new era for trauma research. PLOS Medicine 2017;14(7):e1002354.
41. Bullock R, Chesnut RM, Clifton G, Ghajar J, Marion D, Narayan R, et al. Guidelines for the management of severe head injury. Journal of Neurotrauma 1996;13(11):641-734.
42. Bullock RM, Chesnut RM, Clifton GL, Ghajar J, Marion DW, Narayan RK, et al. Management and prognosis of severe traumatic brain injury. Critical pathway for the treatment of established intracranial hypertension. Journal of Neurotrauma 2000;17(6-7):493-5.
43. Burkert W, Paver HD. Decompressive trepanation in therapy refractory brain edema. Zentralblatt fur Neurochirurgie 1988;49(4):318-23. x-wiley/crsRef/2893524
44. Butt W. Methodological issues in Taylor 2001 [personal communication]. Email to: to J Sahuqillo 12 February 2005.
45. Chen SH, Chen Y, Fang WK, Huang DW, Huang KC, Tseng SH. Comparison of craniotomy and decompressive craniectomy in severely head-injured patients with acute subdural hematoma. Journal of Trauma-Injury Infection & Critical Care 2011;71(6):1632-6. x-wiley/crsRef/2893526
46. Chesnut RM, Temkin N, Carney N, Dikmen S, Rondina C, Videtta W, et al. A trial of intracranial-pressure monitoring in traumatic brain injury. New England Journal of Medicine 2012; Vol. 367, issue 26:2471-81.
47. Chesnut RM, Temkin N, Dikmen S, Rondina C, Videtta W, Lujan S, et al. Ethical and methodological considerations on conducting clinical research in poor and low-income countries: viewpoint of the authors of the BEST TRIP ICP randomized trial in Latin America. Surgical Neurology International 2015; Vol. 6:116.
48. Chibbaro S, Tacconi L. Role of decompressive craniectomy in the management of severe head injury with refractory cerebral edema and intractable intracranial pressure. Our experience with 48 cases. Surgical Neurology 2007;68(6):632-8. [EMBASE: 10.1016/j.surneu.2006.12.046; PUBMED: 17765952]x-wiley/crsRef/2893528
49. Chiong W. The real problem with equipoise. The American Journal of Bioethics 2006;6(4):37-47.
50. Cho DY, Wang YC, Chi CS. Decompressive craniotomy for acute shaken/impact baby syndrome. Pediatric Neurosurgery 1995;23(4):192-8. x-wiley/crsRef/2893530
51. Citerio G, Andrews PJ. Refractory elevated intracranial pressure: intensivist's role in solving the dilemma of decompressive craniectomy. Intensive Care Medicine 2007;33(1):45-8. [PUBMED: 17019546]x-wiley/crsRef/2893532
52. Clark K, Nash TM, Hutchison GC. The failure of circumferential craniotomy in acute traumatic cerebral swelling. Journal of Neurosurgery 1968;29(4):367-71. x-wiley/crsRef/2893534
53. Cooper PR, Rovit RL, Ransohoff J. Hemicraniectomy in the treatment of acute subdural hematoma: a re-appraisal. Surgical Neurology 1976;5:25-8. x-wiley/crsRef/2893536
54. Cooper PR, Hagler H, Clark WK, Barnett P. Enhancement of experimental cerebral edema after decompressive craniectomy: implications for the management of severe head injuries. Neurosurgery 1979;4(4):296-300.
55. Cooper PR, Hagler H, Clark W. Decompressive craniectomy, ICP and brain edema. In: Shulman K, Marmarou A, Miller JD, Becker DP, Hochwald GM, Brock M editor(s). Intracranial Pressure IV. Berlin (Germany): Springer-Verlag, 1980:277-9.
56. Cooper DJ, Rosenfeld JV, Murray L, Wolfe R, Ponsford J, Davies A, et al. Early decompressive craniectomy for patients with severe traumatic brain injury and refractory intracranial hypertension: a pilot randomized trial. Journal of Critical Care 2008; Vol. 23, issue 3:387-93.
57. Cooper DJ, Rosenfeld JV, Murray L, Arabi YM, Davies AR, D'Urso P, et al. Decompressive craniectomy in diffuse traumatic brain injury. New England Journal of Medicine 2011;364(16):1493-502. x-wiley/crsRef/2893499
58. Cooper DJ, Nichol AD, Bailey M, Bernard S, Cameron PA, Pili-Floury S, et al. Effect of early sustained prophylactic hypothermia on neurologic outcomes among patients with severe traumatic brain injury: the POLAR randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2018;320(21):2211-20.
59. Coplin WM, Cullen NK, Policherla PN, Vinas FC, Wilseck JM, Zafonte RD, et al. Safety and feasibility of craniectomy with duraplasty as the initial surgical intervention for severe traumatic brain injury. Journal of Trauma 2001;50(6):1050-9. x-wiley/crsRef/2893538
60. Cruz-Flores S, Berge E, Whittle IR. Surgical decompression for cerebral oedema in acute ischaemic stroke. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2012, Issue 1. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003435.pub2]
61. Csokay A, Pataki G, Nagy L, Belan K. Vascular tunnel construction in the treatment of severe brain swelling caused by trauma and SAH. (Evidence based on intra-operative blood flow measure). Neurological Research 2002;24(2):157-60. x-wiley/crsRef/2893540
62. Cushing H. The establishment of cerebral hernia as a decompressive measure for inaccessible brain tumor: with the description of intramuscular methods of making the bone defect in temporal and occipital regions. Surgery, Gynecology & Obstetrics 1905;1(6/7):297-314.
63. Dam-Hieu P, Sizun J, Person H, Besson G. The place of decompressive surgery in the treatment of uncontrollable post-traumatic intracranial hypertension in children. Child's Nervous System 1996;12(5):270-5. x-wiley/crsRef/2893542
64. De Luca GP, Volpin L, Fornezza U, Cervellini P, Zanusso M, Casentini L, et al. The role of decompressive craniectomy in the treatment of uncontrollable post-traumatic intracranial hypertension. Acta Neurochirurgica. Supplement 2000;76:401-4. x-wiley/crsRef/2893544
65. De Silva MJ, Roberts I, Perel P, Edwards P, Kenward MG, Fernandes J, et al. CRASH Trial Collaborators. Patient outcome after traumatic brain injury in high-, middle- and low-income countries: analysis of data on 8927 patients in 46 countries. International Journal of Epidemiology 2009;38(2):452-8.
66. Diemath HE. The value of bitemporal relief surgery in severe closed skull brain trauma. Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift 1966;116(48):1043-4. x-wiley/crsRef/2893546
67. Donner A, Koval JJ. The estimation of intraclass correlation in the analysis of family data. Biometrics 1980;36:19-25.
68. Ecker RD, Mulligan LP, Dirks M, Bell RS, Severson MA, Howard RS, et al. Outcomes of 33 patients from the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan undergoing bilateral or bicompartmental craniectomy. Journal of Neurosurgery 2011;115(1):124-9. [DOI: 10.3171/2011.2.jns101490]
69. Eghwrudjakpor PO, Allison AB. Decompressive craniectomy following brain injury: factors important to patient outcome. Libyan Journal of Medicine 2010;5:1-6.
70. El-Watidy S. Bifrontal decompressive craniotomy in a 6-month-old infant with posttraumatic refractory intracranial hypertension. Pediatric Neurosurgery 2005;41(3):151-4. [DOI: 10.1159/000085874; PUBMED: 15995334]x-wiley/crsRef/2893548
71. Els T, Oehm E, Voigt S, Klisch J, Hetzel A, Kassubek J. Safety and therapeutical benefit of hemicraniectomy combined with mild hypothermia in comparison with hemicraniectomy alone in patients with malignant ischemic stroke. Cerebrovascular Diseases 2006;21(1-2):79-85.
72. Faleiro RM, Pimenta NJ, Faleiro LC, Cordeiro AF, Maciel CJ, Gusmão SN. Decompressive craniotomy for the early treatment of traumatic intracranial hypertension [Craniotomia descompressiva para tratamento precoce da hipertensão intracraniana traumatica]. Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 2005;63(2B):508-13. [PUBMED: 16059607]x-wiley/crsRef/2893550
73. Faleiro RM, Faleiro LC, Oliveira MM, Silva T, Caetano EC, Gomide I, et al. Decompressive craniectomy in children and adolescents with head injury: analysis of seven cases [Craniectomia descompressiva para tratamento da hipertensao intracraniana traumatica em criancas e adolescentes: analise de sete casos]. Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 2006;64(3B):839-44. [PUBMED: 17057894]x-wiley/crsRef/2893552
74. Faleiro RM, Mendes-Faleiro LC, Caetano E, Gomide I, Pita C, Coelho G, et al. Decompressive craniotomy. Prognostic factors and complications in 89 patients. Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 2008; Vol. 66, issue 2B:369-73. x-wiley/crsRef/2893554
75. Fatima Nida, Al Rumaihi Ghaya, Shuaib Ashfaq, Saqqur Maher. The role of decompressive craniectomy in traumatic brain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Asian Journal of Neurosurgery 2019;14(2):371-81.
76. Fearnside MR, Simpson DA. Epidemiology. In: Reilly P, Bullock R editor(s). Head Injury. Pathophysiology and Management of Severe Closed Injury. London (UK): Chapman and Hall, 1997.
77. Figaji AA, Fieggen AG, Peter JC. Early decompressive craniotomy in children with severe traumatic brain injury. Child's Nervous System: ChNS: Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery 2003;19(9):666-73. x-wiley/crsRef/2893556
78. Figaji AA, Fieggen AG, Sandler SJ, Argent AC, Le Roux PD, Peter JC. Intracranial pressure and cerebral oxygenation changes after decompressive craniectomy in a child with traumatic brain swelling. Child's Nervous System: ChNS: Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery 2007;23(11):1331-5. [DOI: 10.1007/s00381-007-0388-4; PUBMED: 17632729]x-wiley/crsRef/2893558
79. Forsyth RJ, Raper J, Todhunter E. Routine intracranial pressure monitoring in acute coma. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2015, Issue 11. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD002043.pub3]
80. Foulkes MA, Eisenberg HM, Jane JA, Marmarou A, Marshall LF. The traumatic coma data bank: design, methods and baseline characteristics. Journal of Neurosurgery 1991;75 Suppl:8-13.
81. Fourcade O, Fuzier R, Daboussi A, Gigaud M, Trémoulet M, Samii K. Decompressive craniectomy and intracranial hypertension [Craniectomie decompressive et hypertension intracranienne]. Annales Francaises d'Anesthesie et de Reanimation 2006;25(8):858-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annfar.2006.03.015; PUBMED: 16675190]x-wiley/crsRef/2893560
82. Freedman B. Equipoise and the ethics of clinical research. New England Journal of Medicine 1987;317(3):141-5.
83. Gaab MR, Rittierodt M, Lorenz M, Heissler HE. Traumatic brain swelling and operative decompression: a prospective investigation. Acta Neurochirurgica. Supplement 1990;51:326-8. x-wiley/crsRef/2893562
84. Garg K, Singh PM, Singla R, Aggarwal A, Borle A, Singh M, et al. Role of decompressive craniectomy in traumatic brain injury - a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Neurology India 2019;67(5):1225-32.
85. Gerl A, Tavan S. Bilateral craniectomy in the treatment of severe traumatic brain edema. Zentralblatt fur Neurochirurgie 1980;41(2):125-38. x-wiley/crsRef/2893564
86. Goettler CE, Tucci K. Cerebral decompression. Journal of Neurosurgery 2008;108(4):842. [DOI: 10.3171/JNS/2008/108/4/0842; PUBMED: 18377272]x-wiley/crsRef/2893566
87. Gouello G, Hamel O, Asehnoune H, Bord E, Robert R, Buffenoir K. Study of the long-term results of decompressive craniectomy after severe traumatic brain injury based on a series of 60 consecutive cases. Scientific World Journal 2014;Article ID 207585:10. [DOI: 10.1155/2014/207585]x-wiley/crsRef/2893570
88. Gower DJ, Stuart Lee K, McWhorter JM. Role of subtemporal decompression in severe closed head injury. Neurosurgery 1988;23:417-22. x-wiley/crsRef/2893572
89. Evidence Prime, Inc. GRADEpro Guideline Development Tool [Software].Available from gradepro.org. McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, CA: Evidence Prime, Inc, 2015.
90. Grindlinger GA, Skavdahl DH, Ecker RD, Sanborn MR. Decompressive craniectomy for severe traumatic brain injury: clinical study, literature review and meta-analysis. Springerplus 2016;5(1):1605.
91. Guerra KW, Piek J, Gaab MR. Decompressive craniectomy to treat intracranial hypertension in head injury patients. Intensive Care Medicine 1999;25(11):1327-9. x-wiley/crsRef/2893574
92. Guerra KW, Gaab MR, Dietz H, Mueller JU, Piek J, Fritsch MJ. Surgical decompression for traumatic brain swelling: indications and results. Journal of Neurosurgery 1999;90(2):187-96. x-wiley/crsRef/2893576
93. Guyatt G, Oxman AD, Akl EA, Kunz R, Vist G, Brozek J, et al. GRADE guidelines: 1. Introduction-GRADE evidence profiles and summary of findings tables. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 2011;64(4):383-94.
94. Göksu E, Uçar T, Akyüz M, Yilmaz M, Kazan S. Effects of decompressive surgery in patients with severe traumatic brain injury and bilateral non-reactive dilated pupils. Turkish Journal of Trauma & Emergency Surgery 2012;18(3):231-8. x-wiley/crsRef/2893568
95. Güiza F, Depreitere B, Piper I, Citerio G, Chambers I, Jones PA, et al. Visualizing the pressure and time burden of intracranial hypertension in adult and paediatric traumatic brain injury. Intensive Care Medicine 2015;41(6):1067-76. [DOI: 10.1007/s00134-015-3806-1]
96. Harzing AW. Publish or Perish. www.harzing.com/pop.htm 2007.
97. Haukoos JS, Lewis RJ. The propensity score. JAMA 2015;314(15):1637-8.
98. Hawkins JS. The ethics of Zelen consent. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis 2004;2(6):882-3.
99. Hawryluk GW, Aguilera S, Buki A, Bulger E, Citeri G, Cooper DJ, et al. A management algorithm for patients with intracranial pressure monitoring: the Seattle International Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Consensus Conference (SIBICC). Intensive Care Medicine 2019;45(12):1783-94. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-019-05805-9]
100. Hejazi N, Witzmann A, Fae P. Unilateral decompressive craniectomy for children with severe brain injury. Report of seven cases and review of the relevant literature. European Journal of Pediatrics 2002;161(2):99-104. x-wiley/crsRef/2893578
101. Higgins JP, Thompson SG. Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis. Statistics in Medicine 2002;21(11):1539-58.
102. Higgins JP, Altman DG. Chapter 8: Assessing risk of bias in included studies. In: Higgins JP, Green S, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 (updated March 2011). The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011. Available from handbook.cochrane.org.
103. Higgins JP, Deeks J, Altman DG on behalf of the Cochrane Statistical Methods Group. Chapter 16: Special topics in statistics. In: Higgins JP, Green S, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 (updated March 2011). The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011. Available from handbook.cochrane.org.
104. Ho CL, Wang CM, Lee KK, Ng I, Ang BT. Cerebral oxygenation, vascular reactivity, and neurochemistry following decompressive craniectomy for severe traumatic brain injury. Journal of Neurosurgery 2008;108(5):943-9. [DOI: 10.3171/JNS/2008/108/5/0943; PUBMED: 18447711]x-wiley/crsRef/2893580
105. Holland M, Nakaji P. Craniectomy:surgical indications and technique. Operative Techniques in Neurosurgery 2004;7:10-5. x-wiley/crsRef/2893582
106. Homer CS. Using the Zelen design in randomized controlled trials: debates and controversies. Journal of Advanced Nursing 2002;38(2):200-7.
107. Honeybul S, Ho KM, Lind CR, Gillett GR. Observed versus predicted outcome for decompressive craniectomy: a population-based study. Journal of Neurotrauma 2010;27(7):1225-32. x-wiley/crsRef/2893584
108. Honeybul S, Ho KM, Lind CR, Gillett GR. The current role of decompressive craniectomy for severe traumatic brain injury. Journal of Clinical Neuroscience 2017;43:11-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2017.04.032]
109. Huang X, Wen L. Technical considerations in decompressive craniectomy in the treatment of traumatic brain injury. International Journal of Medical Sciences 2010;7(6):385-90.
110. Hutchinson PJ, Kirkpatrick PJ. Decompressive craniectomy in head injury. Current Opinion in Critical Care 2004;10(2):101-4. x-wiley/crsRef/2893586
111. Hutchinson PJ, Menon DK, Kirkpatrick PJ. Decompressive craniectomy in traumatic brain injury: time for randomized trials?. Acta Neurochirurgica 2005;147(1):1-3. x-wiley/crsRef/2893588
112. Hutchinson PJ, Corteen E, Czosnyka M, Mendelow AD, Menon DK, MItchell P, et al. Decompressive craniectomy in traumatic brain injury: the randomized multicenter RESCUEicp study (www.RESCUEicp.com). Acta Neurochirurgica 2006 [Supplement];96:17-20.
113. Hutchinson PJ, KIrkpatrick PJ. Letter to the editor: Craniectomy in diffuse traumatic brain injury. New England Journal of Medicine 2011;365(4):375.
114. Hutchinson P. Decompressive craniectomy for traumatic brain injury. Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences 2011;38(4):541-2. x-wiley/crsRef/2893590
115. Hutchinson PJ, Kolias AG, Timofeev IS, Corteen EA, Czosnyka M, Timothey J, et al. for the RESCUEicp Trial Collaborators. Trial of decompressive craniectomy for traumatic intracranial hypertension. New England Journal of Medicine 2016;375:1119-30.
116. Hutchinson P. RescueICP questions for Cochrane Review [personal communication]. Emails to: J Sahuquillo 5-16 October 2016.
117. Jadad AR, Moore RA, Carroll D, Reynolds DJ, Gavaghan DJ, McQuay HJ. Assessing the quality of reports of randomized clinical trials: is blinding necessary?. Controlled Clinical Trials 1996;17:1-12.
118. Jagannathan J, Okonkwo DO, Dumont AS, Ahmed H, Bahari A, Prevedello DM, et al. Outcome following decompressive craniectomy in children with severe traumatic brain injury: a 10-year single-center experience with long-term follow up. Journal of Neurosurgery 2007;106 Suppl 4:268-75. [PUBMED: 17465359]x-wiley/crsRef/2893592
119. Jennett B, Bond M. Assessment of outcome after severe brain damage. Lancet 1975;1:480-4.
120. Jennett B, Snoek J, Bond MR, Brooks N. Disability after severe head injury: observations on the use of the Glasgow Outcome Scale. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 1981;44(4):285-93.
121. Josan VA, Sgouros S. Early decompressive craniectomy may be effective in the treatment of refractory intracranial hypertension after traumatic brain injury. Child's Nervous System: ChNS: Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery 2006;22(10):1268-74. [PUBMED: 16496158]x-wiley/crsRef/2893596
122. Jourdan C, Convert J, Mottolese C, Bachour E, Gharbi S, Artru F. Evaluation of the clinical benefit of decompression hemicraniectomy in intracranial hypertension not controlled by medical treatment. Neurochirurgie 1993;39(5):304-10. x-wiley/crsRef/2893598
123. Jüttler E, Schwab S, Schmiedek P, Unterberg A, Hennerici M, Woitzik J. Decompressive surgery for the treatment of malignant infarction of the middle cerebral artery (DESTINY): a randomized, controlled trial. Stroke 2007;38:2518-25. [DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.485649]
124. Jüttler E, Unterberg A, Woitzik J, Bosel J, Amiri H, Sakowitz OW, et al. Hemicraniectomy in older patients with extensive middle-cerebral-artery stroke. New England Journal of Medicine 2014;370(12):1091-100. [DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1311367]
125. Juul N, Morris GF, Marshall SB, Marshall LF. Intracranial hypertension and cerebral perfusion pressure: influence on neurological deterioration and outcome in severe head injury. The Executive Committee of the International Selfotel Trial. Journal of Neurosurgery 2000;92(1):1-6. [PUBMED: 10616075]
126. Kahraman S, Dutton RP, Hu P, Xiao Y, Aarabi B, Stein DM, et al. Automated measurement of "pressure times time dose" of intracranial hypertension best predicts outcome after severe traumatic brain injury. Journal of Trauma 2010;69(1):110-8.
127. Kan P, Amini A, Hansen K, White GL Jr, Brockmeyer DL, Walker ML, et al. Outcomes after decompressive craniectomy for severe traumatic brain injury in children. Journal of Neurosurgery 2006;105 Suppl 5:337-42. [PUBMED: 17328254]x-wiley/crsRef/2893600
128. Karlen J, Stula D. Decompressive craniotomy in severe craniocerebral trauma following unsuccessful treatment with barbiturates [Dekompressive Kraniotomie bei schwerem Schädelhirntrauma nach erfolgloser Behandlung mit Barbituraten]. Neurochirurgia 1987;30(2):35-9. x-wiley/crsRef/2893602
129. Kawamata T, Katayama Y. Decompressive surgery for intracranial hypertension in traumatic brain injury. Japanese Journal of Neurosurgery 2007;16(12):913-9. x-wiley/crsRef/2893604
130. Kerr FW. Radical decompression and dural grafting in severe cerebral edema. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 1968;43(12):852-64. x-wiley/crsRef/2893606
131. Kjellberg RN, Prieto A Jr. Bifrontal decompressive craniotomy for massive cerebral edema. Journal of Neurosurgery 1971;34(4):488-93. x-wiley/crsRef/2893608
132. Kochanek PM, Carney N, Adelson PD, Ashwal S, Bell MJ, Bratton S, et al. Guidelines for the acute medical management of severe traumatic brain injury in infants, children, and adolescents (second edition). Pediatric Critical Care Medicine 2012;13 (Suppl 1):S1-82.
133. Kocher T. Concussion, intracranial pressure and surgical intervention in heart disease [Hirnerschütterung, Hirndruck und chirurgische Eingriffe bei Hirnkrankheitende]. In: A.Hölder editor(s). Die Therapie des Hirndruckes. Vienna (Austria): A.Hölder, 1901:262-6.
134. Kolias AG, Belli A, Li LM, Timofeev I, Corteen EA, Santarius T, et al. Primary decompressive craniectomy for acute subdural haematomas: results of an international survey. Acta Neurochirurgica 2012;154(9):1653-5. x-wiley/crsRef/2893610
135. Kolias AG, Viaroli E, Rubiano AM, Adams H, Khan T, Gupta D, et al. The current status of decompressive craniectomy in traumatic brain injury. Current Trauma Reports 2018;4(4):326-32.
136. Kontopoulos V, Foroglou N, Patsalas J, Magras J, Foroglou G, Yiannakou-Pephtoulidou M, et al. Decompressive craniectomy for the management of patients with refractory hypertension: should it be reconsidered?. Acta Neurochirurgica 2002;144(8):791-6. x-wiley/crsRef/2893612
137. Kramer AH, Deis N, Ruddell S, Couillard P, Zygun DA, Doig CJ, et al. Decompressive craniectomy in patients with traumatic brain injury: are the usual indications congruent with those evaluated in clinical trials?. Neurocritical Care 2016; Vol. 25, issue 1:10-9.
138. Kraus JF, Mcarthur DL, Silverman TA, Jayaraman M. Epidemiology of brain injury. In: Narayan RJ, Wilberger JE, Povlishock JT editor(s). Neurotrauma. New York (NY): McGraw-Hill, 1996.
139. Kunze E, Meixensberger J, Janka M, Sorensen N, Roosen K. Decompressive craniectomy in patients with uncontrollable intracranial hypertension. Acta Neurochirurgica. Supplement 1998;71:16-8. x-wiley/crsRef/2893614
140. Kurland DB, Khaladj-Ghom A, Stokum JA, Carusillo B, Karimy JK, Gerzanich V, et al. Complications associated with decompressive craniectomy: a systematic review. Neurocritical Care 2015;23(2):292-304.
141. Lacerda AJ, Abreu D. Decompressive craniectomy in the management of cranial-encephalic trauma. A surgical option [Craniectomía descompresiva en el manejo del traumatismo craneoencefálico. Una opción quirúrgica]. Revista Mexicana de Neurocirugía 2004;5(6):564-70. x-wiley/crsRef/2893616
142. Lee JH, Lim DJ, Kim SH, Park JY, Chung YG, Suh JK. Effects of decompressive craniectomy for the management of patients with refractory intracranial hypertension. Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society 2003;34(6):531-6. x-wiley/crsRef/2893618
143. Lefebvre C, Manheimer E, Glanville J. Chapter 6: Searching for studies. In: Higgins JP, Green S, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 (updated March 2011). The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011. Available from handbook.cochrane.org.
144. Lin DJ, Lam FC, Siracuse JJ, Thomas A, Kasper EM. "Time is brain" the Gifford factor - or: Why do some civilian gunshot wounds to the head do unexpectedly well? A case series with outcomes analysis and a management guide. Surgical Neurology International 2012;3:98.
145. Maas AI, Steyerberg EW, Murray GD, Bullock R, Baethmann A, Marshall LF, et al. Why have recent trials of neuroprotective agents in head injury failed to show convincing efficacy? A pragmatic analysis and theoretical considerations. Neurosurgery 1999;44(6):1286-98.
146. Maas AI, Murray G, Henney H 3rd, Kassem N, Legrand V, Mangelus M, et al. Efficacy and safety of dexanabinol in severe traumatic brain injury: results of a phase III randomised, placebo-controlled, clinical trial. Lancet Neurology 2006;5(1):38-45.
147. Makino H, Yamaura A. Assessment of outcome following large decompressive craniectomy in management of serious cerebral contusion. A review of 207 cases. Acta Neurochirurgica. Supplement 1979;28(1):193-4. x-wiley/crsRef/2893620
148. Marmarou A, Anderson RL, Ward JD, Choi SC, Young HF, Eisenberg HM, et al. Impact of ICP instability and hypotension on outcome in patients with severe head injury. Journal of Neurosurgery 1991;75 Suppl:59-66.
149. Marmarou A, Lu J, Butcher I, McHugh GS, Mushkudiani NA, Murray GD, et al. IMPACT database of traumatic brain injury: design and description. Journal of Neurotrauma 2007;24(2):239-50. [PUBMED: 17375988]
150. Marshall LF, Gautille T, Klauber MR, Eisenberg HM, Jane JA, Luerssen TG, et al. The outcome of severe closed head injury. Journal of Neurosurgery (Supplement) 1991;75:28-36.
151. Marshall LF, Marshall SB, Klauber MR, Van Berkum Clark M, Eisenberg H, Jane JA, et al. The diagnosis of head injury requires a classification based on computed axial tomography. Journal of Neurotrauma 1992;9(Suppl 1):S287-92.
152. Maset AL, Marmarou A, Ward JD, Choi S, Lutz HA, Brooks D, et al. Pressure-volume index in head injury. Journal of Neurosurgery 1987; Vol. 67, issue 6:832-40.
153. Meaney DF, Morrison B, Dale Bass C. The mechanics of traumatic brain injury: a review of what we know and what we need to know for reducing its societal burden. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 2014;136(2):021008.
154. Meier U, Zeilinger FS, Henzka O. The use of decompressive craniectomy for the management of severe head injuries. Acta Neurochirurgica. Supplement 2000;76:475-8. x-wiley/crsRef/2893622
155. Meier U, Grawe A. The importance of decompressive craniectomy for the management of severe head injuries. Acta Neurochirurgica. Supplement 2003;86:367-71. x-wiley/crsRef/2893624
156. Meier U, König A, Gräwe W. The importance of major extracranial injuries and decompressive craniectomy for the management of severe head injuries. Neurosurgery Quarterly 2003;13(2):113-6. x-wiley/crsRef/2893626
157. Mhanna MJ, El Mallah W, Verrees M, Shah R, Super DM. Outcome of children with severe traumatic brain injury who are treated with decompressive craniectomy. Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics 2015;16(5):508-14.
158. Mitchell P, Gregson BA, Vindlacheruvu RR, Mendelow AD. Surgical options in ICH including decompressive craniectomy. Journal of the Neurological Sciences 2007;261(1-2):89-98.
159. Miyazaki Y, Hirai H, Hachisu Y, Takada I. Bifrontal external decompression for traumatic brain edema. Shujutsu 1966;20(10):845-52. x-wiley/crsRef/2893628
160. Miyazaki Y. Bifrontal external decompression for traumatic brain edema. Japanese Journal of Surgery 1971;1(2):83-92. x-wiley/crsRef/2893630
161. Moody RA, Ruamsuke S, Mullan SF. An evaluation of decompression in experimental head injury. Journal of Neurosurgery 1968;29(6):586-90.
162. Morgalla MH, Krasznai L, Buchholz R, Bitzer M, Deusch H, Walz GU, et al. Repeated decompressive craniectomy after head injury in children: two successful cases as result of improved neuromonitoring. Surgical Neurology 1995;43:583-9. x-wiley/crsRef/2893632
163. Moussa WM, Khedr W. Decompressive craniectomy and expansive duraplasty with evacuation of hypertensive intracerebral hematoma, a randomized controlled trial. Neurosurgical Review 2016;40(1):115-27. [DOI: 10.1007/s10143-016-0743-6]
164. The MRC CRASH Trial Collaborators. Predicting outcome after traumatic brain injury: practical prognostic models based on large cohort of international patients. BMJ 2008;336(7641):425-9.
165. Murray GD, Teasdale GM, Braakman R, Cohadon F, Dearden M, Iannotti F, et al. The European Brain Injury Consortium survey of head injuries. Acta Neurochirurgica (Wien) 1999;141(3):223-36.
166. Münch E, Horn P, Schurer L, Piepgras A, Paul T, Schmiedek P. Management of severe traumatic brain injury by decompressive craniectomy. Neurosurgery 2000;47(2):315-22. x-wiley/crsRef/2893634
167. Narayan RK, Kishore PR, Becker DP, Ward JD, Enas GG, Greenberg RP, et al. Intracranial pressure: to monitor or not to monitor? A review of our experience with severe head injury. Journal of Neurosurgery 1982;56(5):650-9.
168. Neugebauer H, Kollmar R, Niesen WD, Bösel J, Schneider H, Hobohm C, et al. DEPTH-SOS Study Group, IGNITE Study Group. DEcompressive surgery Plus hypoTHermia for Space-Occupying Stroke (DEPTH-SOS): a protocol of a multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial and a literature review. International Journal of Stroke 2013;8(5):383-7.
169. Nirula R, Millar D, Greene T, McFadden M, Shah L, Scalea TM, et al. Decompressive craniectomy or medical management for refractory intracranial hypertension: an AAST-MIT propensity score analysis. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery 2014;76(4):944-52. [DOI: 10.1097/ta.0000000000000194]x-wiley/crsRef/2893636
170. Ogawa M, Minami T, Katsurada K, Sugimoto T. Evaluation of external cranial decompression for traumatic acute brain swelling. Medical Journal of Osaka University 1974;25(1-2):73-8. x-wiley/crsRef/2893638
171. Ojemann RG, Weber AL, Smith A. Cranial trauma. Use of large bifrontal decompression in the treatment of severe head injuries in children. Clinical Pediatrics (Philadelphia) 1966;5(3):165-70. x-wiley/crsRef/2893640
172. Olivecrona M, Rodling-Wahlstrom M, Naredi S, Koskinen LO. Effective ICP reduction by decompressive craniectomy in patients with severe traumatic brain injury treated by an ICP-targeted therapy. Journal of Neurotrauma 2007;24(6):927-35. [PUBMED: 17600510]x-wiley/crsRef/2893642
173. Paci GM, Sise MJ, Sise CB, Sack DI, Shackford SR, Kureshi SA, et al. Preemptive craniectomy with craniotomy: what role in the management of severe traumatic brain injury?. Journal of Trauma 2009;67(3):531-6. x-wiley/crsRef/2893644
174. Pereira WC, Neves VJ, Rodrigues Y. Bifrontal decompressive craniotomy as the treatment for severe cerebral edema. Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 1977;35(2):99-111. x-wiley/crsRef/2893646
175. Piek J. Decompressive surgery in the treatment of traumatic brain injury. Current Opinion in Critical Care 2002;8(2):134-8. x-wiley/crsRef/2893648
176. Plesnila N. Decompression craniectomy after traumatic brain injury: recent experimental results. In: Weber J, Maas A editor(s). Neurotrauma: New Insights into Pathology and Treatment. Amsterdam (The Netherlands): Elsevier BV, 2007:393-400. [ISBN 13: 978-0-444-53017-2]
177. Poca MA, Sahuquillo J, Baguena M, Pedraza S, Gracia RM, Rubio E. Incidence of intracranial hypertension after severe head injury: a prospective study using the Traumatic Coma Data Bank classification. Acta Neurochirurgica (Wien) Suppl 1998;71:27-30.
178. Polin RS, Shaffrey ME, Bogaev CA, Tisdale N, Germanson T, Bocchicchio B, et al. Decompressive bifrontal craniectomy in the treatment of severe refractory posttraumatic cerebral edema. Neurosurgery 1997;41(1):84-92. x-wiley/crsRef/2893650
179. Pompucci A, De Bonis P, Pettorini B, Petrella G, Di Chirico A, Anile C. Decompressive craniectomy for traumatic brain injury: patient age and outcome. Journal of Neurotrauma 2007;24(7):1182-8. [DOI: 10.1089/neu.2006.0244; PUBMED: 17610357]x-wiley/crsRef/2893652
180. Prasad GL, Gupta DK, Mahapatra AK, Sharma BS. Surgical results of decompressive craniectomy in very young children: a level one trauma centre experience from India. Brain Injury 2015; Vol. 29, issue 13-14:1717-24.
181. Qiu B, Xu S, Fang L, Chotai S, Li W, Qi S. Surgical strategies for neurological function preservation in severe brain contusion. Turkish Neurosurgery 2012;22(3):329-35.
182. Rajwani KM, Crocker M, Moynihan B. Decompressive craniectomy for the treatment of malignant middle cerebral artery infarction. British Journal of Neurosurgery 2017;31(4):401-9.
183. Ransohoff J, Benjamin V. Hemicraniectomy in the treatment of acute subdural haematoma. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 1971;34(1):106. x-wiley/crsRef/2893657
184. Ransohoff J, Benjamin MV, Gage EL Jr, Epstein F. Hemicraniectomy in the management of acute subdural hematoma. Journal of Neurosurgery 1971;34(1):70-6. x-wiley/crsRef/2893656
185. Razack N, Singh RV, Petrin D, Villanueva P, Green BA. Bilateral craniotomies for blunt head trauma. Journal of Trauma 1997;43(5):840-3. x-wiley/crsRef/2893659
186. Reithmeier T, Speder B, Pakos P, Brinker G, Lohr M, Klug N, et al. Delayed bilateral craniectomy for treatment of traumatic brain swelling in children: case report and review of the literature. Child's Nervous System 2005;21(3):249-53. [PUBMED: 15645245]x-wiley/crsRef/2893661
187. The Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration. Review Manager 5 (RevMan 5). Version 5.3. Copenhagen: The Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration, 2014.
188. Roberts I, Schierhout G, Alderson P. Absence of evidence for the effectiveness of five interventions routinely used in the intensive care management of severe head injury: a systematic review. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 1998;65(5):729-33.
189. Roberts I, Sydenham E. Barbiturates for acute traumatic brain injury. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2012, Issue 12. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000033.pub2; PUBMED: 10796689]
190. Rosenfeld JV, Cooper DJ, Kossmann T, Murray L, Kaye AH. Decompressive craniectomy. Journal of Neurosurgery 2007;106(1):195-6. [PUBMED: 17236509]x-wiley/crsRef/2893663
191. Rubiano AM, Villarreal W, Hakim EJ, Aristizabal J, Hakim F, Diez JC, et al. Early decompressive craniectomy for neurotrauma: an institutional experience. Ulusal Travma Dergisi [Turkish Journal of Trauma & Emergency Surgery: TJTES] 2009;15(1):28-38.
192. Rubiano AM, Carney N, Khan AA, Ammirati M. The role of decompressive craniectomy in the context of severe traumatic brain injury: summary of results and analysis of the confidence level of conclusions from systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Frontiers in Neurology 2019;10:1063.
193. Ruf B, Heckmann M, Schroth I, Hügens-Penzel M, Reiss I, Schroth I, et al. Early decompressive craniectomy and duraplasty for refractory intracranial hypertension in children: results of a pilot study. Critical Care 2003;7:R133-8. x-wiley/crsRef/2893665
194. Rutigliano D, Egnor MR, Priebe CJ, McCormack JE, Strong N, Scriven RJ, et al. Decompressive craniectomy in pediatric patients with traumatic brain injury with intractable elevated intracranial pressure. Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2006;41(1):83-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2005.10.010; PUBMED: 16410113]x-wiley/crsRef/2893667
195. Sahuquillo J, Poca MA. Diffuse axonal injury after head trauma. A review. Advances and Technical Standards in Neurosurgery 2002;27:33-86. [PUBMED: 11887581]
196. Sahuquillo J, Martinez-Ricarte F, Poca MA. Decompressive craniectomy in traumatic brain injury after the DECRA trial. Where do we stand?. Current Opinion in Critical Care 2013;19(2):101-6. x-wiley/crsRef/2893669
197. Sahuquillo J, Biestro A. Is intracranial pressure monitoring still required in the management of severe traumatic brain injury? Ethical and methodological considerations on conducting clinical research in poor and low-income countries. Surgical Neurology International 2014;5:86.
198. Schirmer CM, Ackil AA Jr, Malek AM. Decompressive craniectomy. Neurocritical Care 2008;8(3):456-70. [PUBMED: 18392785]x-wiley/crsRef/2893671
199. Schmidt JH 3rd, Reyes BJ, Fischer R, Flaherty SK. Use of hinge craniotomy for cerebral decompression. Technical note. Journal of Neurosurgery 2007;107(3):678-82. x-wiley/crsRef/2893673
200. Schneider GH, Bardt T, Lanksch WR, Unterberg A. Decompressive craniectomy following traumatic brain injury: ICP, CPP and neurological outcome. Acta Neurochirurgica. Supplement 2002;81:77-9. x-wiley/crsRef/2893675
201. Schünemann HJ, Oxman AD, Vist GE, Higgins JPT, Deeks JJ, Glasziou P, et al. Chapter 12: Interpreting results and drawing conclusions. In: Higgins JPT, Green S, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 (updated March 2011). The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011. Available from handbook.cochrane.org.
202. Servadei F. Clinical value of decompressive craniectomy. New England Journal of Medicine 2011;364:1558-9.
203. Shea BJ, Reeves BC, Wells G, Thuku M, Hamel C, Moran J, et al. AMSTAR 2: a critical appraisal tool for systematic reviews that include randomised or non-randomised studies of healthcare interventions, or both. BMJ 2017;358:j4008.
204. Shigemori M, Syojima K, Nakayama K, Kojima T, Watanabe M, Kuramoto S. Outcome of acute subdural haematoma following decompressive hemicraniectomy. Acta Neurochirurgica. Supplement 1979;28(1):195-8. x-wiley/crsRef/2893677
205. Shigemori M, Syojima K, Nakayama K, Kojima T, Ogata T, Watanabe M, et al. The outcome from acute subdural haematoma following decompressive hemicraniectomy. Acta Neurochirurgica 1980;54(1-2):61-9. x-wiley/crsRef/2893679
206. Simard JM, Kahle KT, Walcott BP. Letter to the editor: Craniectomy in diffuse traumatic brain injury. New England Journal of Medicine 2011;365(4):374.
207. Simard JM, Sahuquillo J, Sheth KN, Kahle KT, Walcott BP. Managing malignant cerebral infarction. Current Treatment Options in Neurology 2011;2:217-29.
208. Simma B, Tscharre A, Hejazi N, Krasznai L, Fae P. Neurologic outcome after decompressive craniectomy in children. Intensive Care Medicine 2002;28(7):1000. x-wiley/crsRef/2893681
209. Skoglund TS, Eriksson-Ritzén C, Jensen C, Rydenhag B. Aspects on decompressive craniectomy in patients with traumatic head injuries. Journal of Neurotrauma 2006;23(10):1502-9. [DOI: 10.1089/neu.2006.23.1502; PUBMED: 17020484]x-wiley/crsRef/2893683
210. Spagnuolo E, Costa G, Calvo A, Johnston E, Tarigo A. Decompressive craniectomy in the treatment of patients with severe craniocerebral trauma and intracranial hypertension refractory to medical treatment. Analysis of a series of 4 cases [Craniectomia descompresiva en el tratamiento de pacientes con un traumatismo craneoencefálico grave e hipertensión intracraneal refractaria al tratamiento médico. Análisis de una serie de 4 casos]. Neurocirugia (Asturias, Spain) 2004;15(1):36-42. x-wiley/crsRef/2893687
211. Spiller WG, Frazier CH. Cerebral decompression. Palliative operations in the treatment of tumor in the brain, based on the observation of fourteen cases. Journal of the American Medical Association 1906;47(9):679-83.
212. Stefini R, Bergomi R, Catenacci E, Cereda C, Latronico N, Mortini P. Bi-occipital decompressive craniectomy in refractory post traumatic intracranial hypertension: first report of one case. British Journal of Neurosurgery 2007;21(5):527-31. [DOI: 10.1080/02688690701411582; PUBMED: 17852109]x-wiley/crsRef/2893689
213. Sternbach GL. The Glasgow Coma Scale. Journal of Emergency Medicine 2000;19(1):67-71.
214. Sterne JA, Egger M, Moher D on behalf of the Cochrane Bias Methods Group. Chapter 10: Assessing reporting biases. In: Higgins JP, Green S, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 (updated March 2011). The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011. Available from handbook.cochrane.org.
215. Stiefel MF, Heuer GG, Smith MJ, Bloom S, Maloney-Wilensky E, Gracias VH, et al. Cerebral oxygenation following decompressive hemicraniectomy for the treatment of refractory intracranial hypertension. Journal of Neurosurgery 2004;101(2):241-7. x-wiley/crsRef/2893691
216. Sydenham E, Roberts I, Alderson P. Hypothermia for traumatic head injury. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2009, Issue 2. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001048.pub3]
217. Tapper J, Skrifvars MB, Kivisaari R, Rahul R. Primary decompressive craniectomy is associated with worse neurological outcome in patients with traumatic brain injury requiring acute surgery. Surgical Neurology International 2017;8:141.
218. Teasdale G, Jennett B. Assessment of coma and impaired consciousness. A practical scale. Lancet 1974;2(7872):81-4.
219. Thurman DJ, Alverson C, Dunn KA, Guerrero J, Sniezek JE. Traumatic brain injury in the United States: a public health perspective. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation 1999;14(6):602-15.
220. Timmons SD, Ullman JS, Eisenberg HM. Letter to the editor: Craniectomy in diffuse traumatic brain injury. New England Journal of Medicine 2011;365(4):373.
221. Torrance GW, Boyle MH, Horwood SP. Application of multi-attribute utility theory to measure social preferences for health states. Operations Research 1982;30(6):1043-69.
222. Toussaint CP, Origitano TC. Decompressive craniectomy. Review of indication, outcome, and implication. Neurosurgery Quarterly 2008;18:45-53. x-wiley/crsRef/2893693
223. Tsaousi GG, Marocchi L, Sergi PG, Pourzitaki C, Santoro A, Bilotta F. Early and late clinical outcomes after decompressive craniectomy for traumatic refractory intracranial hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis of current evidence. Journal of Neurosurgical Sciences 2018;Oct 23:[epub ahead of print]. [DOI: 10.23736/S0390-5616.18.04527-7]
224. Ucar T, Akyuz M, Kazan S, Tuncer R. Role of decompressive surgery in the management of severe head injuries: prognostic factors and patient selection. Journal of Neurotrauma 2005;22(11):1311-8. [PUBMED: 16305319]x-wiley/crsRef/2893695
225. Venes JL, Collins WF. Bifrontal decompressive craniectomy in the management of head trauma. Journal of Neurosurgery 1975;42(4):429-33. x-wiley/crsRef/2893697
226. Warden D. Military TBI during the Iraq and Afghanistan wars. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation 2006;21(5):398-402.
227. Weir J, Steyerberg EW, Butcher I, Lu J, Lingsma HF, McHugh GS, et al. Does the extended Glasgow Outcome Scale add value to the conventional Glasgow Outcome Scale?. Journal of Neurotrauma 2012;29(1):53-8. [DOI: 10.1089/neu.2011.2137]
228. Wettervik TS, Lenell S, Nyholm L, Howells T, Lewen A, Enblad P. Decompressive craniectomy in traumatic brain injury: usage and clinical outcome in a single centre. Acta Neurochirurgica 2018;160(2):229-37.
229. Whitfield P, Guazzo E. ICP reduction following decompressive craniectomy. Stroke 1995;26:1125-6. x-wiley/crsRef/2893701
230. Whitfield PC, Kirkpatrick PJ, Czosnyka M, Pickard JD. Management of severe traumatic brain injury by decompressive craniectomy. Neurosurgery 2001;49(1):225-6. x-wiley/crsRef/2893703
231. Whitfield PC, Patel H, Hutchinson PJ, Czosnyka M, Parry D, Menon D, et al. Bifrontal decompressive craniectomy in the management of posttraumatic intracranial hypertension. British Journal of Neurosurgery 2001;15(6):500-7. x-wiley/crsRef/2893704
232. Wick J, Wade J, Rohrer D, O'Neill O. Use of decompressive craniectomy after severe head trauma. AORN-Journal 1999;69(3):517-29. x-wiley/crsRef/2893706
233. Wilson JTL, Pettigrew LEL, Teasdale GM. Structured interviews for the Glasgow Outcome Scale and the extended Glasgow Outcome Scale: guidelines for their use. Journal of Neurotrauma 1998;15(8):573-85.
234. Wilson JT, Slieker FJ, Legrand V, Murray G, Stocchetti N, Maas AI. Observer variation in the assessment of outcome in traumatic brain injury: experience from a multicenter, international randomized clinical trial. Neurosurgery 2007;61(1):123-8. [DOI: 10.1227/01.neu.0000279732.21145.9e]
235. Wilson MH. Monro-Kellie 2.0: The dynamic vascular and venous pathophysiological components of intracranial pressure. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism 2016;36(8):1338-50.
236. Winter CD, Adamides A, Rosenfeld JV. The role of decompressive craniectomy in the management of traumatic brain injury: a critical review. Journal of Clinical Neurosciences 2005;12(6):619-23. [PUBMED: 16033709]x-wiley/crsRef/2893708
237. Woldag H, Atanasova R, Renner C, Hummelsheim H. Functional outcome after decompressive craniectomy: a retrospective and prospective clinical study [Funktionelles Outcome nach dekompressiver Kraniektomie: eine retro- und prospektive klinische Studie]. Fortschritte der Neurologie-Psychiatrie 2006;74(7):367-70. x-wiley/crsRef/2893710
238. Xiong G, Wang J, Yang P, Huang W. Application of inferior major bone flap craniotomy decompression in brain injury. Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2001;4(2):126-8. x-wiley/crsRef/2893712
239. Yamakami I, Yamaura A. Effects of decompressive craniectomy on regional cerebral blood flow in severe head trauma patients. Neurologia Medico-Chirurfica (Tokyo) 1993;33(9):616-20. x-wiley/crsRef/2893714
240. Yamaura A, Uemura K, Makino H. Large decompressive craniectomy in management of severe cerebral contusions; a review of 207 cases. Neurologia Medico-Chirurfica (Tokyo) 1979;19(7):711-28. x-wiley/crsRef/2893716
241. Yang XJ, Hong GL, Su SB, Yang SY. Complications induced by decompressive craniectomies after traumatic brain injury. Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2003;6(2):99-103. x-wiley/crsRef/2893718
242. Yoo DS, Kim DS, Cho KS, Huh PW, Park CK, Kang JK. Ventricular pressure monitoring during bilateral decompression with dural expansion. Journal of Neurosurgery 1999;91(6):953-9.
243. Young AM, Kolias AG, Hutchinson PJ. Decompressive craniectomy for traumatic intracranial hypertension: application in children. Child's Nervous System: ChNS: Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery 2017;33:1745-50.
244. Yue JK, Rick JW, Deng H, Feldman MJ, Winkler EA. Efficacy of decompressive craniectomy in the management of intracranial pressure in severe traumatic brain injury. Journal of Neurosurgical Sciences 2019;63(4):425-40.
245. Zelen M. A new design for randomized clinical trials. The New England Journal of Medicine 1979;300(22):1242-5.
246. Zhang D, Xue Q, Chen J, Dong Y, Hou L, Jiang Y, et al. Decompressive craniectomy in the management of intracranial hypertension after traumatic brain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Scientific Reports 2017; Vol. 7:8800. [DOI: doi:10.1038/s41598-017-08959-y]
247. Ziai WC, Port JD, Cowan JA, Garonzik IM, Bhardwaj A, Rigamonti D. Decompressive craniectomy for intractable cerebral edema: experience of a single center. Journal of Neurosurgical Anesthesiology 2003;15(1):25-32. x-wiley/crsRef/2893720
248. Sahuquillo J, Arikan F, Ibaňez J. Decompressive craniectomy for the treatment of refractory high intracranial pressure in traumatic brain injury. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2002, Issue 4. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003983]
249. Sahuquillo J, Arikan F. Decompressive craniectomy for the treatment of refractory high intracranial pressure in traumatic brain injury. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 1. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003983.pub2; PUBMED: 16437469]
250. Sahuquillo J. Decompressive craniectomy for the treatment of refractory high intracranial pressure in traumatic brain injury. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2008, Issue 4. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003983.pub2]