Social capital's role in recovery: evidence from communities affected by the 2010 Pakistan floods

Disasters

Volumn 42, Issue 3, 2018, Pages 475-497

  Akbar, Muhammad Siddique ^a   Aldrich, Daniel P ^b  

^a Punjab Higher Education Department   (Pakistan)

^b NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

disaster; flood; life recovery; Pakistan; social capital

Indexed keywords

DISASTER MANAGEMENT; FLOOD; NATURAL DISASTER; SOCIAL CAPITAL; SOCIAL NETWORK;

PAKISTAN;

COPING BEHAVIOR; DISASTER; FEMALE; FLOODING; HUMAN; MALE; PAKISTAN; QUESTIONNAIRE; SOCIAL CAPITAL; SOCIOECONOMICS;

ADAPTATION, PSYCHOLOGICAL; DISASTERS; FEMALE; FLOODS; HUMANS; MALE; PAKISTAN; SOCIAL CAPITAL; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS; SURVEYS AND QUESTIONNAIRES;

EID: 85048625820     PISSN: 03613666     EISSN: 14677717     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/disa.12259     Document Type: Article

References (77)

1. Abramson, D.M., and D. Culp (2013) ‘At the cross roads of long-term recovery: Joplin, Missouri six months after the May 22, 2011 tornado’. Columbia University Academic Commons. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8TB1G94 (last accessed on 28 September 2017).
2. Abramson, D.M., T. Stehling-Ariza, Y.S. Park, L. Walsh, and D. Culp (2010) ‘Measuring individual disaster recovery: a socioecological framework’. Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness. 4(S1). pp. S46–S54.
3. Adeola, F.O. and J.S. Picou (2012) ‘Race, social capital, and the health impacts of Katrina: evidence from the Louisiana and Mississippi Gulf Coast’. Human Ecology Review. 19(1). pp. 10–24.
4. Adler, K.F. (2008) ‘The structural and cultural impact of natural disasters on social capital’. http://www.academia.edu/1022399/The_Structural_and_Cultural_Impact_of_Natural_Disasters_on_Social_Capital_A_Theoretical (last accessed on 28 September 2017).
5. Aldrich, D.P. (2010) ‘Fixing recovery: social capital in post-crisis resilience’. Journal of Homeland Security. 6. pp. 1–10.
6. Aldrich, D.P. (2011a) ‘The externalities of strong social capital: post-tsunami recovery in southeast India’. Journal of Civil Society. 7(1). pp. 81–99.
7. Aldrich, D.P. (2011b) ‘The power of people: social capital's role in recovery from the 1995 Kobe earthquake’. Natural Hazards. 56(3). pp. 595–611.
8. Aldrich, D.P. (2012) Building Resilience: Social Capital in Post-disaster Recovery. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL.
9. Arai, T. (2012) ‘Rebuilding Pakistan in the aftermath of the floods: disaster relief as conflict prevention’. Journal of Peacebuilding and Development. 7(1). pp. 51–65.
10. Asian Development Bank and The World Bank (2010) Pakistan Floods 2010: Preliminary Damage and Needs Assessment. http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/676321468057882381/pdf/582900BR0OM2011e0only1910BOX353794B.pdf (last accessed on 28 September 2017).
11. Barrera Jr., M. (1986) ‘Distinctions between social support concepts, measures, and models’. American Journal of Community Psychology. 14(4). pp. 413–445.
12. Beggs, J.J., V.A. Haines, and J.S. Hulbert (1996) ‘The effects of personal network and local community contexts on the receipt of formal aid during disaster recovery’. International Journal of Mass Emergencies and Disasters. 14(1). pp. 57–78.
13. Bhatti, N., M.B. Jamali, I.A. Ghumro, and F.M. Shaikh (2011) ‘Supreme flood and its impact on poverty in rural Sindh’. Australian Journal of Business and Management Research. 1(5). pp. 50–62.
14. Bolin, R.C. and P. Bolton (1986) ‘Race, religion, and ethnicity in disaster recovery’. FMHI Publications. Paper 88. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/fmhi_pub/88 (last accessed on 28 September 2017).
15. Bourdieu, P. (1986) ‘The forms of capital’. In J. Richardson (ed.) Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education. Greenwood Publishing, Westport, CT. pp. 241–258.
16. Chamlee-Wright, E. and V.H. Storr (2009) “‘There's no place like New Orleans”: sense of place and community recovery in the Ninth Ward after Hurricane Katrina'. Journal of Urban Affairs. 31(5). pp. 615–634.
17. Chang, K. (2010) ‘Community cohesion after a natural disaster: insights from a Carlisle flood’. Disasters. 34(2). pp. 289–302.
18. Coleman, J. (1988) ‘Social capital in the creation of human capital’. American Journal of Sociology. 94 (supplement). pp. S95–S120.
19. Coninx, I. (2010) ‘WWW questions on social flood impacts answered: what, why and who?’. Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven.
20. Coninx I. and K. Bachus (2008) ‘Social risk assessment methodology’. Unpublished paper. HIVA – KU Leuven, Leuven.
21. Department for International Development (1999) Sustainable Livelihoods Guidance Sheets. http://www.ennonline.net/dfidsustainableliving (last accessed on 28 September 2017).
22. Dufty, N. (2014) ‘Opportunities for disaster resilience learning in the Australian curriculum’. Australian Journal of Emergency Management. 29(1). pp. 12–16.
23. Dynes, R.R. (2002) ‘The importance of social capital in disaster response’. Preliminary Paper 327. http://udspace.udel.edu/bitstream/handle/19716/292/PP+327.pdf?sequence=1 (last accessed on 28 September 2017).
24. Dynes, R.R. (2006) ‘Social capital: dealing with community emergencies’. Homeland Security Affairs. 2 (July). Article 5. https://www.hsaj.org/articles/168 (last accessed on 28 September 2017).
25. Eliott, J.R. and J. Pais (2010) ‘When nature pushes back: environmental impact and the spatial redistribution of socially vulnerable populations’. Social Science Quarterly. 91(5). pp. 1187–1202.
26. Federal Flood Commission, (2010) Annual Flood Report 2010. http://www.alnap.org/pool/files/annual-report2010.pdf (last accessed on 28 September 2017).
27. Finch, C., C.T. Emrich, and S.L. Cutter (2010) ‘Disaster disparities and differential recovery in New Orleans’. Population and Environment. 31(4). pp. 179–202.
28. Gismondi, M. (2012) ‘Investigating community behaviour after the 2004 Chuetsu earthquake: a case study of Kawaguchi, Japan’. Social Geography. 7. pp. 1–12.
29. Harda, H. (2012) ‘Social capital in disaster: from the Great East Japan Earthquake’. The Senshu Social Capital Review. 3. https://www.senshu-u.ac.jp/scapital/pdf/01harada,%20sscr3.pdf (last accessed on 28 September 2017).
30. Hobfoll, H.E. and J.P. Stokes (1988) ‘The process and mechanics of social support’. In S.E. Duck (ed.) Handbook of Personal Relationships. Wiley and Sons, London. pp. 497–517.
31. Imam, T.M. (2010) ‘Flood in Pakistan: was it unpredicted?’. Health Beat. IV(3). p. 2.
32. International Development Committee, House of Commons (2011) ‘The humanitarian response to the Pakistan floods’. Seventh Report of Session 2010–12. http://www.alnap.org/pool/files/615.pdf (last accessed on 29 September 2017).
33. Kage, R. (2011) Civic Engagement in Postwar Japan: The Revival of a Defeated Society. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
34. Kaniasty, K. (2012) ‘Predicting social psychological well-being following trauma: the role of post-disaster social support’. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice and Policy. 4(1). pp. 22–33.
35. Kaniasty, K. and F.H. Norris (1995) ‘Mobilization and deterioration of social support following natural disasters’. Current Directions in Psychological Science. 4(3). pp. 94–98.
36. Kaniasty, K. and F.H. Norris (2000) ‘Help-seeking comfort and receiving social support: the role of ethnicity and context’. American Journal of Community Psychology. 28(4). pp. 545–581.
37. Kaniasty, K. and F.H. Norris (2004) ‘Social support in the aftermath of disasters, catastrophes, and acts of terrorism: altruistic, overwhelmed, uncertain, antagonistic, and patriotic communities’. In R.J. Ursano, A.E. Norwood, and C.S. Fullerton (eds.) Bioterrorism: Psychological and Public Health Interventions. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. pp. 200–229.
38. Krishna, A. (2003) Understanding, Measuring, and Utilizing Social Capital: Clarifying Concepts and Presenting a Field Application from India. CAPRi Working Paper No. 28. https://sites.duke.edu/krishna/files/2013/10/Understanding-Measuring-and-Utilizing-Social-Capital-Clarifying-Concepts-and-Presenting-a-Field-Application-from-India.pdf (last accessed on 28 September 2017).
39. Kuromiya, A. et al. (2006) ‘Four recovery patterns from the Hanshin–Awaji earthquake: using the 2001– 2003–2005 panel data’. Journal of Natural Disaster Science. 28(2). pp. 43–60.
40. Lindell, M.K. (2011). ‘Disaster studies’. http://www.sagepub.net/isa/resources/pdf/Disaster%20Studies.pdf (last accessed on 28 September 2017).
41. Lindell, M.K., C.S. Prater, and W.R. Perry (2006) Fundamentals of Emergency Management. 15 July. https://training.fema.gov/hiedu/aemrc/booksdownload/fem/ (last accessed on 28 September 2017).
42. Manyena, B.S. (2006) ‘Rural local authorities and disaster resilience in Zimbabwe’. Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal. 15 (5). pp. 810–820.
43. Mayunga, J.S. (2007) ‘Understanding and applying the concept of community disaster resilience: a capital-based approach’. https://www.u-cursos.cl/usuario/3b514b53bcb4025aaf9a6781047e4a66/mi_blog/r/11._Joseph_S._Mayunga.pdf (last accessed on 28 September 2017).
44. Miller, D.S. and J.D. Rivera (2011) ‘Guiding principles: rebuilding trust in government and public policy in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina’. Journal of Critical Incident Analysis. Fall. pp. 22–32.
45. Murphy, B.L. (2007) ‘Locating social capital in resilient community-level emergency management’. Natural Hazards. 41(2). pp. 297–315.
46. Mustafa, D. and D. Wrathall (2011) ‘Indus basin floods of 2010: souring of a Faustian bargain?’. Water Alternatives. 4(1). pp. 72–85.
47. Nakagawa, Y. and R. Shaw (2004) ‘Social capital: a missing link to disaster recovery’. International Journal of Mass Emergencies and Disasters. 22(1). pp. 5–34.
48. National Disaster Management Authority (2011) NDMA Annual Report 2010. http://www.ndma.gov.pk/publications/AR2010.pdf (last accessed on 28 September 2017).
49. Nichollas, K. and J.S. Picou (2013) ‘The impact of Hurricane Katrina on trust in government’. Social Science Quarterly. 94(2). pp. 344–361.
50. Nigg, J.M. (1995) Disaster Recovery as a Social Process. Preliminary Paper No. 219. http://udspace.udel.edu/bitstream/handle/19716/625/PP219.pdf?sequence=1 (last accessed on 28 September 2017).
51. Norris, F.H., A. Murphy, K. Kaniasty, J. Perilla, and D.C. Ortis (2001) ‘Postdisaster social support in the United States and Mexico: conceptual and contextual considerations’. Hispanic Journal of Behavioural Sciences. 23(4). pp. 469–497.
52. Norris, F.H., S.P. Stevens, B. Pfefferbaum, K.F. Wyche, and R.L. Pfefferbaum (2008) ‘Community resilience as a metaphor, theory, set of capacities, and strategy for disaster readiness’. American Journal of Community Psychology. 41(1–2). pp. 127–150.
53. Olshansky, R. and S.E. Chang (2009) ‘Planning for disaster recovery: emerging research needs and challenges’. Progress in Planning. 72. pp. 195–250.
54. Oxley, M. (2011) ‘Field note from Pakistan floods: preventing future flood disasters’. JAMBA: Journal of Disaster Risk Studies. 3(2). pp. 453–461.
55. Oyane, J. (2010) ‘Reflections on the concepts of social capital and resilience in sociological disaster research’. The Senshu Social Capital Review. 1. https://www.senshu-u.ac.jp/scapital/pdf/07Oyane,sscr1.pdf (last accessed on 28 September 2017).
56. Paton, D. (2007) Measuring and Monitoring Resilience in Auckland. GNS Science Report 2007/18. May. https://www.massey.ac.nz/massey/fms/Colleges/College%20of%20Humanities%20and%20Social%20Sciences/Psychology/Disasters/pubs/GNS/2007/SR%202007-018%20Auckland%20Resilience.pdf?2D270087F220B02096617E9EA3B9CAAF (last accessed on 28 September 2017).
57. Peacock, W.G. and D.C. Killian (1987) ‘The effects of disaster damage and housing aid on household recovery following the 1976 Guatemalan earthquake’. International journal of Mass Emergencies and Disasters. 5(1). pp. 63–88.
58. Putnam, R.D. (1995) ‘Bowling alone: America's declining social capital’. Journal of Democracy. 6(1) pp. 65–78.
59. Rathfon, D. L. (2010) Measuring Long-term Post-disaster Community Recovery. A thesis submitted to the Faculty of the University of Delaware in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Civil Engineering. Spring. http://dspace.udel.edu/bitstream/handle/19716/5705/Dana_Rathfon_thesis.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y (last accessed on 28 September 2017).
60. Ruiter, M.C. (2009) Post-disaster Community Recovery: Linking Environmental and Community Recovery. Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in the Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of British Columbia. September. https://open.library.ubc.ca/media/download/pdf/24/1.0072230/2 (last accessed on 10 October 2017).
61. Sakamoto, M. and K. Yamori (2009) ‘A study of life recovery and social capital regarding disaster victims: a case study of Indian Ocean tsunami and central Java earthquake recovery’. Journal of Natural Disaster Science. 31(2). pp. 49–56.
62. Sarason, I.G., B.R. Sarason, and G.R. Pierce (1994) ‘Social support: global and relationship-based levels of analysis’. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships. 11(2). pp. 295–312.
63. Sarason, I.G., H.M. Levine, R.B. Basham, and B.R. Sarason (1983) ‘Assessing social support: the social support questionnaire’. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 44(1). pp. 127–139.
64. Scanlon, J. (1988) ‘Winners and losers: some thoughts about the political economy of disaster’. International Journal of Mass Emergencies of Disasters. 6(1). pp. 47–63.
65. Semple, M. (2011) Breach of Trust: People's experiences of the Pakistan Floods and their Aftermath, July 2010–July 2011. http://www.preventionweb.net/files/submissions/31226_floodreport2010.pdf (last accessed on 28 September 2017).
66. Stallings, R.A. (2002) ‘Weberian political sociology and sociological disaster studies’. Sociological Forum. 17(2). pp. 281–305.
67. Stone, W. (2001) Measuring Social Capital: Towards a Theoretically Informed Measurement. Research Paper No. 24. February. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.178.5706&rep=rep1&type=pdf (last accessed on 28 September 2017).
68. Sweet, S. (1998) ‘The effect of a natural disaster on social cohesion: a longitudinal study’. International Journal of Mass Emergencies and Disasters. 16(3). pp. 321–331.
69. Tatsuki, S. (2007) ‘Long-term life recovery processes among survivors of the 1995 Kobe earthquake: 1999, 2001, 2003, and 2005 life recovery social survey results’. Journal of Disaster Research. 2(6). pp. 484–501.
70. Tatsuki, S. and H. Hayashi (2000) ‘Family system adjustment and adaptive reconstruction of social reality among the 1995 earthquake survivors’. International Journal of Japanese Sociology. 9(1). pp. 81–110.
71. Toya, H. and M. Skidmore (2012) Do Natural Disasters Enhance Social Trust? CESifo Working Paper: Energy and Climate Economics. No. 3905. http://hdl.handle.net/10419/62319 (last accessed on 28 September 2017).
72. Vallance, S. (2011) ‘Community, resilience and recovery: building or burning bridges?’. Lincoln Planning Review. 3(1). pp. 4–8.
73. Wahlström, L. (2010) Disaster and Recovery. Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm.
74. Woolcock, M. (1998) ‘Social capital and economic development: toward a theoretical synthesis and policy framework’. Theory and Society. 27. pp. 151–208.
75. World Food Programme (2010) Pakistan – Flood Impact Assessment, September 2010. https://www.wfp.org/content/pakistan-flood-impact-assessment-september-2010 (last accessed on 28 September 2017).
76. Zhang, Y. and W.G. Peacock (2010) ‘Planning for housing recovery’. Journal of the American Planning Association. 76(1). pp. 5–24.
77. Zoleta-Nantes, D.B. (2002) ‘Differential impacts of flood hazards among the street children, the urban poor and residents of wealthy neighborhoods in Metro Manila, Philippines’. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change. 7(3). pp. 239–266.