Identification of pancreatic injury in patients with elevated amylase or lipase level using a decision tree classifier: A cross-sectional retrospective analysis in a level I trauma center

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Volumn 15, Issue 2, 2018, Pages

  Rau, Cheng Shyuan ^a   Wu, Shao Chun ^a   Chien, Peng Chen ^a   Kuo, Pao Jen ^a   Chen, Yi Chun ^a   Hsieh, Hsiao Yun ^a   Hsieh, Ching Hua ^a   Liu, Hang Tsung ^a  

^a CHANG GUNG MEMORIAL HOSPITAL   (Taiwan)

Author keywords

Abdominal injury; Amylase; Decision tree; Lipase; Mandible fracture; Maxilla fracture; Pancreatic injury; Shock; Traumatic brain injury

Indexed keywords

AMYLASE; GLUCOSE; TRIACYLGLYCEROL LIPASE; BIOLOGICAL MARKER;

ALGORITHM; BRAIN; DECISION ANALYSIS; MORBIDITY; MORTALITY; PUBLIC HEALTH;

ABDOMINAL INJURY; ADULT; AMYLASE BLOOD LEVEL; ARTICLE; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; CONTROLLED STUDY; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; DECISION TREE; DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY; DIAGNOSTIC TEST ACCURACY STUDY; DISEASE REGISTRY; FEMALE; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; HIGH RISK PATIENT; HIGH RISK POPULATION; HUMAN; LAPAROTOMY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; NEUTROPHIL COUNT; PANCREAS INJURY; PREDICTION; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SOFTWARE; TRIACYLGLYCEROL LIPASE BLOOD LEVEL; ADOLESCENT; BLOOD; CLINICAL DECISION MAKING; DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM; EMERGENCY HEALTH SERVICE; INJURIES; MIDDLE AGED; PANCREAS; PROCEDURES; YOUNG ADULT;

ABDOMINAL INJURIES; ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AMYLASES; BIOMARKERS; CLINICAL DECISION-MAKING; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; DECISION SUPPORT TECHNIQUES; DECISION TREES; FEMALE; HUMANS; LIPASE; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PANCREAS; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; TRAUMA CENTERS; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 85041539734     PISSN: 16617827     EISSN: 16604601     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15020277     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Jurkovich, G.J.; Carrico, C.J. Pancreatic trauma. Surg. Clin. N. Am. 1990, 70, 575-593.
2. Wisner, D.H.; Wold, R.L.; Frey, C.F. Diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic injuries. An analysis of management principles. Arch. Surg. 1990, 125, 1109-1113.
3. Patton, J.H., Jr.; Lyden, S.P.; Croce, M.A.; Pritchard, F.E.; Minard, G.; Kudsk, K.A.; Fabian, T.C. Pancreatic trauma: A simplified management guideline. J. Trauma 1997, 43, 234-239; discussion 239-241.
4. Lin, B.C.; Chen, R.J.; Fang, J.F.; Hsu, Y.P.; Kao, Y.C.; Kao, J.L. Management of blunt major pancreatic injury. J. Trauma 2004, 56, 774-778.
5. Smego, D.R.; Richardson, J.D.; Flint, L.M. Determinants of outcome in pancreatic trauma. J. Trauma 1985, 25, 771-776.
6. Cirillo, R.L., Jr.; Koniaris, L.G. Detecting blunt pancreatic injuries. J. Gastrointest. Surg. 2002, 6, 587-598.
7. Stawicki, S.P.; Schwab, C.W. Pancreatic trauma: Demographics, diagnosis, and management. Am. Surg. 2008, 74, 1133-1145.
8. Tietz, N.W. Support of the diagnosis of pancreatitis by enzyme tests—Old problems, new techniques. Clin. Chim. Acta 1997, 257, 85-98.
9. Schmid-Schonbein, G.W.; Hugli, T.E. A new hypothesis for microvascular inflammation in shock and multiorgan failure: Self-digestion by pancreatic enzymes. Microcirculation 2005, 12, 71-82
10. Pieper-Bigelow, C.; Strocchi, A.; Levitt, M.D. Where does serum amylase come from and where does it go? Gastroenterol. Clin. N. Am. 1990, 19, 793-810.
11. Gumaste, V.V.; Roditis, N.; Mehta, D.; Dave, P.B. Serum lipase levels in nonpancreatic abdominal pain versus acute pancreatitis. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 1993, 88, 2051-2055.
12. Mahajan, A.; Kadavigere, R.; Sripathi, S.; Rodrigues, G.S.; Rao, V.R.; Koteshwar, P. Utility of serum pancreatic enzyme levels in diagnosing blunt trauma to the pancreas: A prospective study with systematic review. Injury 2014, 45, 1384-1393.
13. Boulanger, B.R.; Milzman, D.P.; Rosati, C.; Rodriguez, A. The clinical significance of acute hyperamylasemia after blunt trauma. Can. J. Surg. 1993, 36, 63-69.
14. Buechter, K.J.; Arnold, M.; Steele, B.; Martin, L.; Byers, P.; Gomez, G.; Zeppa, R.; Augenstein, J. The use of serum amylase and lipase in evaluating and managing blunt abdominal trauma. Am. Surg. 1990, 56, 204-208.
15. Keller, M.S.; Coln, C.E.; Trimble, J.A.; Green, M.C.; Weber, T.R. The utility of routine trauma laboratories in pediatric trauma resuscitations. Am. J. Surg. 2004, 188, 671-678.
16. Moretz, J.A., 3rd; Campbell, D.P.; Parker, D.E.; Williams, G.R. Significance of serum amylase level in evaluating pancreatic trauma. Am. J. Surg. 1975, 130, 739-741.
17. Frank, B.; Gottlieb, K. Amylase normal, lipase elevated: Is it pancreatitis? A case series and review of the literature. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 1999, 94, 463-469.
18. Skude, G.; Rothman, U. Amylase isoenzymes in serum after maxillo-facial surgery. Scand. J. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 1973, 7, 105-109.
19. Sakorafas, G.H.; Tsiotos, G.G.; Sarr, M.G. Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced pancreatitis. Dig. Surg. 2000, 17, 3-14.
20. Malinoski, D.J.; Hadjizacharia, P.; Salim, A.; Kim, H.; Dolich, M.O.; Cinat, M.; Barrios, C.; Lekawa, M.E.; Hoyt, D.B. Elevated serum pancreatic enzyme levels after hemorrhagic shock predict organ failure and death. J. Trauma 2009, 67, 445-449.
21. Kumar, S.; Sagar, S.; Subramanian, A.; Albert, V.; Pandey, R.M.; Kapoor, N. Evaluation of amylase and lipase levels in blunt trauma abdomen patients. J. Emerg. Trauma Shock 2012, 5, 135-142.
22. Liu, K.J.; Atten, M.J.; Lichtor, T.; Cho, M.J.; Hawkins, D.; Panizales, E.; Busker, J.; Stone, J.; Donahue, P.E. Serum amylase and lipase elevation is associated with intracranial events. Am. Surg. 2001, 67, 215-219; discussion 219-220.
23. Bouwman, D.L.; Altshuler, J.; Weaver, D.W. Hyperamylasemia: A result of intracranial bleeding. Surgery 1983, 94, 318-323.
24. Chen, C.C. Clinical implication of increased pancreatic enzymes in ICU patients. J. Chin. Med. Assoc. 2010, 73, 129-130.
25. Lee, C.C.; Chung, W.Y.; Shih, Y.H. Elevated amylase and lipase levels in the neurosurgery intensive care unit. J. Chin. Med. Assoc. 2010, 73, 8-14.
26. Pezzilli, R.; Morselli-Labate, A.M.; Romboli, E.; Dibenedetti, F.; Massa, M.; Migliori, M.; Barakat, B.; Merlini, G.; Corinaldesi, R.; Melzi d’Eril, G.V. Pancreatic involvement during the early phase of shock. JOP J. Pancreas 2002, 3, 139-143.
27. Farion, K.; Michalowski, W.; Wilk, S.; O’Sullivan, D.; Matwin, S. A tree-based decision model to support prediction of the severity of asthma exacerbations in children. J. Med. Syst. 2010, 34, 551-562.
28. Zintzaras, E.; Bai, M.; Douligeris, C.; Kowald, A.; Kanavaros, P. A tree-based decision rule for identifying profile groups of cases without predefined classes: Application in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. Comput. Biol. Med. 2007, 37, 637-641.
29. Kasbekar, P.U.; Goel, P.; Jadhav, S.P. A Decision Tree Analysis of Diabetic Foot Amputation Risk in Indian Patients. Front. Endocrinol. 2017, 8, 25.
30. Hsieh, C.H.; Hsu, S.Y.; Hsieh, H.Y.; Chen, Y.C. Differences between the sexes in motorcycle-related injuries and fatalities at a Taiwanese level I trauma center. Biomed. J. 2017, 40, 113-120.
31. Hsieh, C.H.; Liu, H.T.; Hsu, S.Y.; Hsieh, H.Y.; Chen, Y.C. Motorcycle-related hospitalizations of the elderly. Biomed. J. 2017, 40, 121-128.
32. Chang, L.Y.; Wang, H.W. Analysis of traffic injury severity: An application of non-parametric classification tree techniques. Accid. Anal. Prev. 2006, 38, 1019-1027.
33. Ripley, B. Tree: Classification and Regression Trees. R Package Version 1.0-34. 2013. Available online: http://CRAN.R-project.org/package=tree (accessed on 14 November 2017).
34. Guilbault, R.W.R.; Ohlsson, M.A.; Afonso, A.M.; Ebell, M.H. External Validation of Two Classification and Regression Tree Models to Predict the Outcome of Inpatient Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. J. Viral Hepat. 2017, 32, 333-338.
35. Shi, K.Q.; Zhou, Y.Y.; Yan, H.D.; Li, H.; Wu, F.L.; Xie, Y.Y.; Braddock, M.; Lin, X.Y.; Zheng, M.H. Classification and regression tree analysis of acute-on-chronic hepatitis B liver failure: Seeing the forest for the trees. J. Viral Hepat. 2017, 24, 132-140.
36. Zimmerman, R.K.; Balasubramani, G.K.; Nowalk, M.P.; Eng, H.; Urbanski, L.; Jackson, M.L.; Jackson, L.A.; McLean, H.Q.; Belongia, E.A.; Monto, A.S.; et al. Classification and Regression Tree (CART) analysis to predict influenza in primary care patients. BMC Infect. Dis. 2016, 16, 503.
37. Takahashi, M.; Maemura, K.; Sawada, Y.; Yoshioka, T.; Sugimoto, T. Hyperamylasemia in critically injured patients. J. Trauma 1980, 20, 951-955.
38. Matsuno, W.C.; Huang, C.J.; Garcia, N.M.; Roy, L.C.; Davis, J. Amylase and lipase measurements in paediatric patients with traumatic pancreatic injuries. Injury 2009, 40, 66-71.
39. Allgower, M.; Burri, C. [“Shock index”]. Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr. 1967, 92, 1947-1950.
40. Mitra, B.; Fitzgerald, M.; Chan, J. The utility of a shock index >/= 1 as an indication for pre-hospital oxygen carrier administration in major trauma. Injury 2014, 45, 61-65.
41. DeMuro, J.P.; Simmons, S.; Jax, J.; Gianelli, S.M. Application of the Shock Index to the prediction of need for hemostasis intervention. Am. J. Emerg. Med. 2013, 31, 1260-1263.
42. Rau, C.S.; Wu, S.C.; Kuo, S.C.; Pao-Jen, K.; Shiun-Yuan, H.; Chen, Y.C.; Hsieh, H.Y.; Hsieh, C.H.; Liu, H.T. Prediction of Massive Transfusion in Trauma Patients with Shock Index, Modified Shock Index, and Age Shock Index. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2016, 13, 683, doi:10.3390/ijerph13070683.
43. Mutschler, M.; Nienaber, U.; Munzberg, M.; Wolfl, C.; Schoechl, H.; Paffrath, T.; Bouillon, B.; Maegele, M. The Shock Index revisited—A fast guide to transfusion requirement? A retrospective analysis on 21,853 patients derived from the TraumaRegister DGU. Crit. Care 2013, 17, R172.
44. Birkhahn, R.H.; Gaeta, T.J.; Terry, D.; Bove, J.J.; Tloczkowski, J. Shock index in diagnosing early acute hypovolemia. Am. J. Emerg. Med. 2005, 23, 323-326.
45. Rassameehiran, S.; Teerakanok, J.; Suchartlikitwong, S.; Nugent, K. Utility of the Shock Index for Risk Stratification in Patients with Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding. South. Med. J. 2017, 110, 738-743.
46. Vandromme, M.J.; Griffin, R.L.; Kerby, J.D.; McGwin, G., Jr.; Rue, L.W., 3rd; Weinberg, J.A. Identifying risk for massive transfusion in the relatively normotensive patient: Utility of the prehospital shock index. J. Trauma 2011, 70, 384-388; discussion 388-390.
47. Nadler, E.P.; Gardner, M.; Schall, L.C.; Lynch, J.M.; Ford, H.R. Management of blunt pancreatic injury in children. J. Trauma 1999, 47, 1098-1103.
48. Ciccone, M.M.; Aquilino, A.; Cortese, F.; Scicchitano, P.; Sassara, M.; Mola, E.; Rollo, R.; Caldarola, P.; Giorgino, F.; Pomo, V.; et al. Feasibility and effectiveness of a disease and care management model in the primary health care system for patients with heart failure and diabetes (Project Leonardo). Vascular Health Risk Manag. 2010, 6, 297-305.